所属成套资源:2025年高考总复习第一轮详解和练习(上海地区)(教师版带解析和学生版原卷板)
05 非谓语动词(核心考点精讲精练)2025年高考英语一轮复习(上海专用)(教师版带解析)
展开这是一份05 非谓语动词(核心考点精讲精练)2025年高考英语一轮复习(上海专用)(教师版带解析),共21页。
近3年真题考点分布
【思维导图】
考点一:不定式用法
1. 构成
1. T catch the train, we'd better hurry t the statin by taxi.
2. I meant t have finished my wrk last night, but I didn't feel very well.
3. It has been an hnr fr me t have been invited t yur cuntry.
4. It happened t be raining when I gt there.
【经典题例】
1.The crwd cheered wildly at the sight f Liu Xiang, wh was reprted ___________ (break) the wrld recrd in the 110-meter hurdle race. t have brken
2. When mther entered the rm last night, I pretended ___________ (wrk) n the cmputer. t be wrking
3. She was the first wman ___________ (elect) t such a pst. t be elected
4.Energy drinks are nt allwed _________ (make) in Australia but are brught in frm New Zealand. t be made
注意①seem; appear; be said; be suppsed; be believed; be thught; be knwn; be reprted等动词常用不定式。
注意②expect / hpe /intend/ mean / prmise / suppse / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时,表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如:
I intended t have called n yu, but was prevented frm ding s. 我原想来拜访你,但没来成。
I expected t have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。
I had hped t meet him at the railway statin, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。
2.用法
T finish that task in such a shrt time is really a challenge. (主语/形式主语)
He managed t slve the cmplicated prblem. (宾语)
I feel it a great hnr t be invited t speak at the meeting befre s many students. (形式宾语)
His wish is t becme an astrnaut. (表语)
On Sundays, he always has a lt f letters t write. (定语)
She raised her vice t be heard well. (状语)
The teacher encuraged the students t take active part in sme utdr activities.
考点二:动名词用法
★ 必背动词
★ 必背句型
The children are busy (in) ding their hmewrk. 孩子们忙于做作业。
There is n pint (in) making the simple experiments nce again.
The music is well wrth listening t mre than nce. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。
Having been ill in bed fr nearly a mnth , he had a hard time passing the exam.
考点三:分词用法
The child standing ver there is my brther.
Mst f the peple invited t the receptin were ld friends.
His remark left me wndering what he was driving at.
Please keep us infrmed f the latest develpments.
Influenced by his example, they perfrmed cuntless gd deeds.
Seeing thse pictures, he culdn’t help thinking f thse memrable days they spent tgether.
Nt knwing her address, we culdn’t get in tuch with her.
Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want t g t the cinema.
(2023·上海静安·统考二模)
They are discvering that learning is easier, quicker with the bdy mvements ____2____(invlve).
It means that ____7____(encurage) children t think and learn in a purely abstract way might actually make lessns harder fr them t understand and remember.
【答案】 2.invlved 7.encuraging
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:他们发现,通过肢体动作,学习变得更容易、更快。此处为with的复合结构,且invlve与bdy mvements构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故填invlved。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:这意味着,鼓励孩子以纯粹抽象的方式思考和学习,实际上可能会让他们更难理解和记住课程。作宾语从句的主语,表示一般性的行为,应用动名词形式。故填encuraging。
(2023·上海浦东新·统考二模)
Accrding t Dbek’ design, the Mars Strage Statin (MSS) will be built ___16___(accmmdate) the need fr sufficient supplies.
Rms with circular ceilings allw astrnauts t watch ___18___(dwnlad) shws and even see places n Earth, such as their hmes.
【答案】 16.t accmmdate 18.dwnladed
16.考查非谓语动词。句意:根据Dbek的设计,火星储存站(MSS)的建造将满足充足供应的需要。此处accmmdate作目的状语,应用不定式。故填t accmmdate。
18.考查非谓语动词。句意:有圆形天花板的房间可以让宇航员观看下载的节目,甚至可以看到地球上的地方,比如他们的家。修饰后文名词shws应用过去分词dwnladed,作定语。故填dwnladed。
(2023·上海青浦·统考二模)
The flwer is a neighbr t a(n) ___24___ (relate) rchid species cmmn in Japan.
Prfessr Suetsugu said he and his clleagues were “delighted ___28___ (identify) a new species”.
We need t prtect natural envirnments t stp flwers ___29___ (disappear).
【答案】 24.related 28.t have identified 29.disappearing
24.考查过去分词。句意:这种花是日本常见的一种相关兰花的邻居。空格处过去分词转为用形容词作定语,修饰名词rchid species,relate的过去分词词是related,意为“相关的”,故填related。
28.考查不定式。句意:Suetsugu教授说,他和他的同事“很高兴发现了一个新物种”。be delighted t d是固定短语,意为“很高兴做某事”,此处表示“很高兴发现了一个新物种”,因此空格处用不定式的完成式,即t have dne,故填t have identified。
29.考查动名词。句意:我们需要保护自然环境,防止花朵消失。stp sb. (frm) ding是固定短语,意为“阻止某人做某事”,因此空格处用动名词,故填disappearing。
(2023·上海宝山·统考二模)
Just like in the mvie, mst catfishing cheats start with the catfish ___34___ (try) t sweet talk their victim int falling in lve with them. Why? There are a variety f reasns peple catfish.
Sme catfish attempt ___35___ (charm) their victim int trusting them, and then ask them fr mney.
But in sme situatins, catfish are just lnely peple, ___37___ (dissatisfy) with their lives and using scial media t live in an alternate reality.
【答案】34.trying 35.t charm 37.dissatisfied
34.考查非谓语动词。句意:就像电影里一样,大多数Catfishing欺骗都是从诱饵试图用甜言蜜语让受害者爱上自己开始的。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词start,所以try应该用非谓语形式,和逻辑主语catfish是主动关系,故用动名词的一般式和catfish构成动名词的复合结构作start with的宾语。故填trying。
35.考查非谓语动词。句意:有些诱饵试图诱使受害者相信自己,然后向他们要钱。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定搭配:attempt t d意为“尝试做……”。故填t charm。
37.考查过去分词。句意:但在某些情况下,诱饵只是孤独的人,对自己的生活不满意,利用社交媒体生活在另一个现实中。be dissatisfied with“对……不满”是固定短语,此处省略be,用形容词作状语。故填dissatisfied。
(2023·上海松江·统考二模)
I have fund that the subscriptin-based app Sweat and Centr has gd, shrt rutines and clear instructins ___44___ (imprve) yur frm. There are cuntless persnal trainers and yga instructrs n the Internet wh have been giving free classes t peple ___45___ (stick) at hme.
【答案】 44.t imprve/imprving 45.stuck
44.考查非谓语动词。句意:我发现基于订阅的应用Sweat and center有很好的、简短的程序和明确的指导来改善你的姿势。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,imprve与shrt rutines and clear instructins之间为主动关系,强调未发生的动作可以使用不定式形式;也可用现在分词。故填t imprve/imprving。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意:网上有无数的私人教练和瑜伽教练为困在家里的人提供免费课程。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,stick与peple之间为被动关系,使用过去分词形式。故填stuck。
(2023·上海闵行·统考二模)
Astrnauts have successfully grwn 10 different crps n the space statin since 2015 and had the chance ___53___ (taste) each ne. The Internatinal Space Statin hsted a party fr astrnauts n Friday as they celebrated the harvest f the first chili peppers ___54___ (raise) in space.
【答案】 53.t taste 54.raised
53.考查非谓语动词。句意:自2015年以来,宇航员已经在空间站成功种植了十种不同的作物,并有机会品尝每一种。名词chance后跟不定式作后置定语。故填t taste。
54.考查非谓语动词。句意:周五,国际空间站为宇航员举办了一个派对,庆祝收获了第一批在太空种植的辣椒。分析句子结构可知raise与逻辑主语the first chili peppers构成被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语,表被动和完成。故填raised。
(2023·上海奉贤·统考二模)
Althugh it is up t the reader ____66____ (grasp) exactly what that emtin is, it’s a useful signal.
Perhaps this is because they seem shuty and frced, ____69____ (give) away a writer’s need t tell the reader hw t read a sentence.
【答案】 66.t grasp 69.giving
66.考查固定句型。句意:尽管这种情绪是什么取决于读者,但它是一个有用的信号。分析句子可知,此处为固定句型It’s up t sb t d sth“由某人决定去做某事”,满足句意要求。故填t grasp。
69.考查非谓语动词。句意:也许这是因为它们看起来很吵,很勉强,暴露出作者需要告诉读者如何阅读一个句子。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,give away和逻辑主语this为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式。故填giving。
(2023·上海嘉定·统考二模)
S it was bittersweet t hear my father’s yuthful wrds ___77___ (read) alud by my elderly mther with a sad tne.
I dn’t want t enter her heart’s mst sacred place uninvited unless she wishes ____81____ (listen) t. But she has assured me that ne day she will share them with me.
【答案】 77.read 81.t be listened
77.考查非谓语动词。句意:所以,当我年迈的母亲用悲伤的语调大声朗读父亲年轻时的话语时,我感到苦乐参半。分析句子结构可知,此处为“hear+宾语+宾补”结构,read与宾语my father’s yuthful wrds之间为被动关系,所以使用过去分词形式。故填read。
81.考查非谓语动词。句意:我不想不请自来就进入她心中最神圣的地方除非她希望被倾听。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作宾语,根据固定用法wish t d sth.可知,此处应为不定式形式,且listen t与句子主语之间为被动关系,所以此处应为不定式的被动形式。故填t be listened。
(2023·上海金山·统考二模)
Millins f peple have used ChatGPT since it _____82_____ (launch) in Nvember 2022. Ppular requests fr it include writing sngs, pems, marketing cpy, cmputer cde, and helping with hmewrk,
【答案】82.was launched
82.考查动词时态、语态。句意:自2022年11月ChatGPT推出以来,已有数百万人使用它。设空处在since引导的时间状语从句中,其中的时间状语为in Nvember 2022,应用一般过去时,launch与逻辑主语it之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,助动词为was。故填was launched。
(2023·上海金山·统考二模)
ChatGPT answers questins _____84_____ (emply) natural human-like language, and it can als imitate ther writing styles such as sngwriters and authrs, using the Internet as its knwledge database.
There are cncerns that it culd ne day take ver many jbs currently _____85_____ (d) by humans.
OpenAI als annunced new partnerships with language learning app Duling and Be My Eyes, an applicatin fr the visually impaired, _____91_____ (create) AI Chatbts which can assist their users using natural language.
【答案】 84.emplying 85.being dne/dne 91.t create
84.考查非谓语动词。句意:ChatGPT使用自然的类人语言回答问题,它还可以模仿其他写作风格,如词曲作者和作家,使用互联网作为其知识库。句子谓语为answers,设空处为非谓语动词,emply与逻辑主语 ChatGPT之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词,作状语。故填emplying。
85.考查非谓语动词。句意:有人担心,有一天它可能会取代目前由人类完成的许多工作。此处考查many jbs的后置定语,d与逻辑主语many jbs之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态,设空处应用过去分词dne,根据时间状语currently,也可用现在分词的被动语态,表示正在被进行,故填dne / being dne。
91.考查非谓语动词。句意:OpenAI还宣布与语言学习应用多邻国(Duling)和面向视障人士的应用Be My Eyes建立新的合作伙伴关系,以创建可以使用自然语言帮助用户的人工智能聊天机器人。句子的谓语为annunced,设空处为非谓语动词,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t create。
(2023·上海虹口·统考二模)
I’ve fund that ____92____ (listen) back t these recrdings, I’m able t recall each place and mment in a different way than I can by scrlling thrugh images.
When we receive infrmatin and encde it, it is fairly shrt-term in nature; but when ____95____ (stre), it becmes lng-term memry.
It allws us ____97____ (transprt) urselves back and frward in time, acrss spaces,” Girdan said.
【答案】92.listening 95.stred 97.t transprt
92.考查现在分词。句意:我发现,听这些录音,我能以不同于滚动图像的方式回忆每个地点和时刻。动词listen和逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系,故用现在分词作状语,故填listening。
95.考查过去分词。句意:当我们接收信息并对其进行编码时,它本质上是相当短期的;但一旦储存起来,它就变成了长期记忆。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略,从句的主语是infrmatin,和动词stre之间是被动关系,句子是描述一个事实,故用一般现在时的被动语态,完整形式是when it (the infrmatin) is stred,当状语从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句含有be动词时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省略,故填stred。
97.考查动词不定式。句意:“它能让我们穿越时空,在时间中穿梭,” Girdan说。allw sb t d sth允许某人做某事,故此处应用动词不定式,故填t transprt。
(2023·上海崇明·统考二模)
“It’s like __104__ (add) bells and whistles t tea, giving peple a strnger sense f ccasin, s drinking tea is mre fun,” Han says. It’s als his intentin t bring the ld ritual back t mdern life and have mre peple __105__ (appreciate) its charm.
The prcess begins with ht water being pured ver fine __108__ (pwder) tea creating a mixture.
【答案】 104.adding 105.appreciate 108.pwdered
104.考查动名词。句意:韩说“这就像在茶里加上铃铛和口哨,给人一种更强的场合感,所以喝茶更有趣”。根据句意和所给动词add以及空格前的介词like分析句子可知,空格处应该填入动名词adding作介词like的宾语。故填adding。
105.考查不定式。句意:这也是他想让古老的仪式回归现代生活,让更多人欣赏它的魅力。根据句意和所给动词appreciate以及空格前的使役动词have分析句子可知,此处是考查固定搭配have smebdy d smething“让某人做某事”,其中d是省略t的不定式作宾语补足语。故填appreciate。
108.考查过去分词做形容词。句意:这个过程开始于将热水倒在茶叶粉末上,形成糊状。根据句意和所给名词pwder以及空格后的名词tea分析句子可知,空格处应该填入pwder的形容词形式pwdered“粉状的”作定语,修饰后面的名词tea。故填pwdered。
(2023·上海宝山·统考模拟预测)
Keep the pattern ging until yu find yurself___118___ (rise) with the sun.
Dn’t wrk hard t rise early during the week nly ___120___ (sleep) in n weekends. Pick an hur t wake up, and d it every day.
【答案】 118.rising 120.t sleep
118.考查非谓语动词。句意:保持这种模式,直到你发现自己随着太阳起床。分析句子可知,until引导的时间状语从句中有谓语find,故使用非谓语动词。yurself和rise之间为主动关系,故用现在分词做宾补。故填rising。
120.考查非谓语动词。句意:不要在一周中早起努力工作,结果周末却睡懒觉。nly t d sth.表示“结果却……”。故用不定式作结果状语。故填t sleep。
【基础过关】
【上海市建平中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考英语试题】
Ratinal Peple Think at the Margin
Decisins in life are rarely black and white but usually invlve shades f gray. At dinner time, the decisin yu face is nt between fasting and eating like a pig, but whether t take that extra spnful f mashed ptates. _____1_____ exams rll arund, yur decisin is nt between blwing them ff and studying 24 hurs a day, but whether t spend an extra hur reviewing yur ntes _____2_____ watching TV. Ecnmists use the term “marginal changes” t describe minr adjustments t an _____3_____ (exist) plan f actin.
In many situatins, peple make the best decisins by thinking at the margin. Margin means “edge,” s marginal changes are adjustments arund the edges f _____4_____ yu are ding. Suppse, fr instance, that yu ask a friend fr advice abut hw many years t stay in schl. If he cmpares fr yu the lifestyle f a persn with a Ph. D. t _____5_____ f a grade schl drput, yu might cmplain that this cmparisn is nt helpful fr yur decisin. Yu have sme educatin already and mst likely _____6_____ (decide) whether t spend an extra year r tw in schl. _____7_____ (make) this decisin, yu need t knw the additinal benefits that an extra year in schl wuld ffer (higher salaries thrughut life and the sheer jy f learning), _____8_____ (cmbine) with the additinal csts that yu wuld pay (tuitin and the frgne salaries while yu are in schl). By cmparing these marginal benefits and marginal csts, yu can evaluate whether the extra year is wrthwhile and make the best decisin _____9_____ is in yur interest.
As _____10_____ (shw) in this example, individuals and firms can make better decisins by thinking at the margin. A ratinal decisin - maker takes an actin if and nly if the marginal benefit f the actin exceeds the marginal cst.
【答案】1. When 2. instead f##rather than 3. existing 4. what 5. that
6. are deciding 7. T make 8. cmbined 9. that 10. is shwn##shwn
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文,介绍了边际思维在我们生活中的重要性、运用及好处。
【1题详解】
考查状语从句连词。句意:当考试来临的时候,你要做的决定不是放弃考试还是24小时学习,而是是否多花一个小时复习笔记而不是看电视。分析句子可知,空处缺少从属连词,引导状语从句,结合句意,表示“当考试来临时”,用when引导时间状语从句。故填When。
【2题详解】
考查短语。句意:当考试来临的时候,你要做的决定不是放弃考试还是24小时学习,而是是否多花一个小时复习笔记而不是看电视。根据reviewing yur ntes及watching TV可知,空前空后为并列结构,且表示“而不是”,可以填写instead f或者rather than。故填instead f/rather than。
【3题详解】
考查形容词。句意:经济学家使用术语“边际变化”来描述对现有行动计划的微小调整。分析句子可知,空处缺少定语修饰plan,表示“现存的”,用对应的形容词existing。故填existing。
【4题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意:边际是“边缘”的意思,所以边际变化是围绕你所做事情的边缘进行的调整。分析句子可知,f为介词,其后句子是宾语从句,从句部分缺少ding的宾语,用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
【5题详解】
考查代词。句意:如果他帮你比较一个有博士学位的人的生活方式和一个小学辍学的人的生活方式,你可能会抱怨这种比较对你的决定没有帮助。根据句意可知,比较的是博士和小学辍学人的生活方式,在同一个句子中进行比较,用that/thse指代句子的主语,lifestyle为单数,用that。故填that。
【6题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:你已经接受了一些教育,很可能正在决定否在学校多读一两年。根据Yu have sme educatin already可知,语境表示正在决定是否继续读书,用现在进行时be ding,主语为yu,be动词用are。故填are deciding。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了做出这个决定,你需要知道多上一年学能带来的额外好处(一生中更高的薪水和纯粹的学习乐趣),以及你要支付的额外成本(学费和在校期间放弃的工资)。根据语境可知,空处表示目的,用动词不定式t make表示目的。故填T make。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了做出这个决定,你需要知道多上一年学能带来的额外好处(一生中更高的薪水和纯粹的学习乐趣),以及你要支付的额外成本(学费和在校期间放弃的工资)。分析本句可知,空处要用非谓语动词,结合with,空处表示“与……结合”,用过去分词。故填cmbined。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意:通过比较这些边际收益和边际成本,你可以评估额外一年是否值得,并做出符合你利益的最佳决定。分析句子可知,空处缺少关系代词引导定语从句,先行词为decisin,由the best修饰,此处用关系代词that引导从句,作主语。故填that。
【10题详解】
考查动词时态和语态及省略。句意:正如这个例子所示,个人和公司可以通过考虑边际来做出更好的决策。As引导非限制性定语从句,从句缺少谓语,表示“被展示”,用一般现在时的被动语态,as is shwn意思为:正如所示,此处is可以省略。故填is shwn/shwn。
【能力提升】
一、补全翻译
1.失败了三次,他不想再试了。
,he didn’t want t try again.
2.这位老人受到很好的照顾,过着幸福的生活。
,the ld man is living a happy life.
3.坐落在那边的那栋房子建于2000年。
The huse was built in 2000.
4.这个问题很值得思考。
This matter is well wrth .
5.在两位护士的帮助下,老人挣扎着站了起来。
,the ld man struggled t his feet.
6.因为没有收到他的回信,我决定再给他写一封信。
him,I decided t write again.
7.从他的言语来看,这次考试他考得不错。
,he did well in his exam.
他在格拉斯哥最贫穷的地区被抚养长大,成为足球明星的道路漫长而艰辛。
______________________ Glasgw,he had a lng,hard rad t becming a ftball star.
在此时刻,我觉得一天的劳累像羽毛一样轻了。
In a single mment I felt the heaviness f the day (transfrm) int lightness f a feather.
10.为了和其他人更有效地竞争,越来越多的人接受高等教育来武装自己。
(cmpete) mre effectively with thers,mre and mre peple equip themselves with higher educatin.
参考答案:
1.Having failed three times 2.Taken gd care f 3.lcated ver there 4.thinking abut/cnsidering 5.Helped by tw nurses 6.Nt having heard frm 7.Judging by his wrds 8.Raised in the prest area f 9.transfrmed 10.T cmpete
二、整句翻译
1.我们盼望能参加下星期举行的艺术节开幕式。(lk frward t)
__________________________________________________________________________
I am lking frward t take part in the art festival t be held next week.
2.他总是全心全意帮助那些向他求助的人。 (devte)
__________________________________________________________________________
He is always devted t helping thse wh turn t him fr help.
3.安全系统不会允许你进入大楼,除非你有正确的密码。(allw)
_________________________________________________________________________
The security system will nt permit/allw yu t enter the building unless yu have the crrect passwrd.
4. 看到奶奶有些睡意,他拉上窗帘并把电视的音量调低了。(turn)
_______________________________________________________________________
Seeing Grandma a little sleepy, he drew the curtains and turned the TV dwn
5.昨晚有许多人等在剧院前想一睹那位歌星的风采. (there be )
_______________________________________________________________________
There were a lt f peple waiting in frnt f the theatre yesterday evening t have a glance at the star
6.整个上午他都在忙于写那篇故事,只是偶尔停下来喝杯茶。(break ff)
________________________________________________________________________
He was busy writing the stry all the mrning, nly breaking ff ccasinally t have a cup f tea.
同其他学生相比,那个女孩有更强的英语听、说能力。(cmpare)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Cmpared with ther students,the girl has better listening and speaking abilities in English.
8. 与他原来的期待相反,做这个工作需要经常乘飞机出国。(invlve)
______________________________________________________________________
Cntrar t his expectatin, ding this jb ften invlves ging abrad by plane.
2022年秋考
Interviewing entrepreneurs might prvide insight int the steps they tk(22) ________(achieve) success. Here is the interview f entrepreneur related questins, and yu will find mre preparatins fr it.
Suppse a business idea des nt center n prducing a prduct that fills a gap in the(25) ______ (exist) market.
It necessitates a wrk style (29)________ (characterize) by multitasking and planning fr the firm's shrt and lng term gals.
【答案】 22 t achieve 25. existing 29 characterized
【解析】
22 t achieve
【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据句子结构,企业家所采取的步骤是为了获得成功,所以这里应用动词不定式表目的。而且根据句子的谓语动词 might prvide判定空格处的动词为非谓语动词。故填入t achieve。句意:采访企业家可能会让你了解他们取得成功所采取的步骤。
25.existing
【解析】考查先分词作定语。根据句子结构可知,此处应用形容间修饰名词 market,而且从句子的谓语动词 des nt center 也推测空格处动词需要填写非谓语动词,故填入existing(现存的,现行的)。句意:假设一个商业想法的中心不是生产填补现有市场空白的产品。
29.characterized
【解析】考查过去分词作后置定语,根据句子的谓语动词necessitates 判定空格处的提示动词为非谓语动词结构,而且由"by”可知,此处应用过去分词修饰名词词组a wrk style,此处实际上是一个定酒从句.which is characterized by multitasking and planning: 省略了 which is,故填入characterized。句意:它需要种多任务处理和为公司的短期和长期目标规划的工作风格。
2022年春考
The light mved acrss the sky, (21)___________( cme ) and ging, like cluds in a strng wind in the United States
The aurra is made by smething (25)__________(call) the ‘'slar wind’( wind frm the sun).
Alaska is a gd place ( 28 )________( see ) the auurra brealis , and yu can als g t places like Iceland, Siberia , the nrth f Greenland , Nrway , Sweden, and Sctland
【答案】21.cming 25.called 28.t see
【解析】
21.cming
[解析]考查现在分词。根据句子结构,空格处提示动词与“ging”并列,所以形式应保持一致,所以填入 cming。句意:光在天空中移动,来来去去,就像强风中的云。
25.called
[解析]考查过去分词作后置定语。根据句子的谓语动词 is made,判定空格处的动词为非谓语结构,而且
分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词的过去分词作后置定语修饰 smething,故填入 called。句意: 极光是由一种叫做“太阳风来自太阳的风)的东西产生的。
28.t see
[解析]考查动词不定式。根据句子谓语动词 is 判定空格处提示动词是非谓语动词结构,而此处考查的是句式:(It+is+a/an+名词+t+d+sth.),故填入 t see句意:阿拉斯加是观赏北极光的好地方。
2021年秋考
Heating and cling systems in buildings can als be a surce f disease. Take ld air cnditiners in windws as an example. They tend t cllect dirt and water, which makes it easy fr bacteria (26)_____( grw).
Pllutin f the ceans can als be a factr in spreading disease. The pllutin may be caused by fertilizers that wash int rivers and then int the cean, r by human waste (29) _________ ( dump ) directly int the cean with n prcessing. These pllutants result in the increased grwth f tiny plants that are called algae (海藻). They can frm a thick mass in the water, (30) __________( prvide ) a perfect envirnment fr chlera , a fatal disease.
【答案】 26. t grw 29. dumped 30. prviding
【答案详解】
26.t grw
【解析】考查动词不定式。根期从句的谓语动间 makes 判定此处非讲语结构。而且根糖句子结构分析,此处考查固定搭配 make itradj t d sth意为“使某事助的怎么样",故此处填入t grw。
29. dumped
【解析】 考查过去分词。根据主句谓语动词 may be caused 以及r 引导的并列状语,判定空格处的动词为非谓语动词。而且句子结构分析,该空处做后置定语修饰 human waste,再结合上文内容推知,此处想要表达的是“未经加工直接被倾倒到海洋中的人类废弃物”,即此处需要填入动词的过去分词形式,故此处填入 dumped。
30. prviding
【解析】考查现在分词。根据句子的谓语动词 can frm 判定空格处的动词为非谓语结构,在从句子结构分析,该空构成分词短语作状语,再根据相关句意分析,此处想表述的是“它们可以在水中形成厚厚的团块,为霍乱这种致命疾病提供一个完美的环境”,即此处需要填入动同的现在分词,故此处填入 prviding
2021年春考
This is where(23)________(play)the flute cmes in, if yu can make playing the flute cl, yu deserve all the fame and frtune in the wrld!
If yu're paying fr a studi, the last thing yu want is t spend it catching up with each ther,s meet half an hur in advance t get all the chatting(27)_______(finish).
Each band member shuld chse a sng fr the whle band(28)______(learn)ready fr rehearsal.
参考答案
23. playing 27. finished 28. t learn
答案详解
23. 考查动名词。这里是where引导的从句作表语,就是表语从句,此句中已经有谓语动词cmes,同时根据句意:“这就是长笛的来龙去脉,如果你能让长笛变酷,你就应该名利双收!”。后面句子中的if引导的条件状语从句可以忽略。这里需要用非谓语作主语,这是表示一般的动作,因此正确答案为playing。
27. 考查过去分词。S后面的句子中有谓语动词meet,因此空格处的动词一定是非谓语。根据此句句意:“如果你要为一个工作室买单,你最不想的就是花时间互相攀谈,所以提前半小时见面,把所有的闲聊都完成。”这里是finish作get补语,且与前面的chatting之间是被动关系。因此用finished。
28. 考查动词不定式。根据此句的谓语动词chse,判定这里是非谓语动词。根据句意:“每个乐队成员都应该为整个乐队选择一首歌曲,为排练做好准备。”这里用不定式作目的状语。
2021年春考
(24) _________ (lse) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut ff; a fretaste f (25) _________ wuld becme cmmn practice fr players unfrtunate enugh t lse a game.
The latter (28)_________ (predict) that Mtecuhzma’s kingdm wuld fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth f this bld predictin. Mtecuhzma lst the game and did, f curse, lse his kingdm at the hands f the invaders frm the Old Wrld.
【答案】 24. Lsing 29. t establish
详解如下:
24. Lsing
【解析】考查非谓语—现在分词。本句主语是Hun Hunahpús,谓语是had his ,lse the game与逻辑主语Hun Hunahpús是主动关系,所以用现在分词,lsing the game作伴随状语。
29. t establish
【解析】考查非谓语—动词不定式。根据上下文可知,本空前文说特克可国王曾预言Mtecuhzma的王国将会灭亡,而组织这次比赛就是为了证实这一大胆预言的真实性,此处不定式表示组织比赛的目的。
2020年秋考
Time flies and we spend a lt f time (27)________ (check) hw much time we have left!
【答案】 27. checking
【解析】查动名词,根据 spend time(in)ding 结构,这里用checking
2020年春考
(24) _________ (lse) the game, Hun Hunahpús had his head cut ff; a fretaste f (25) ___what______ wuld becme cmmn practice fr players unfrtunate enugh t lse a game.
The latter (28)__had predicted_______ (predict) that Mtecuhzma’s kingdm wuld fall and the game was set-up (29 ) _________ ( establish) the truth f this bld predictin.
【答案】 24. Lsing 29. t establish
24. Lsing
【解析】考查非谓语—现在分词。本句主语是Hun Hunahpús,谓语是had his ,lse the game与逻辑主语Hun Hunahpús是主动关系,所以用现在分词,lsing the game作伴随状语。
29. t establish
【解析】考查非谓语—动词不定式。根据上下文可知,本空前文说特克可国王曾预言Mtecuhzma的王国将会灭亡,而组织这次比赛就是为了证实这一大胆预言的真实性,此处不定式表示组织比赛的目的。
2019年春考
He was faced with the chice f sitting back t wait fr smething (22) ________ (happen), r pursuing a path int the unknwn. He chse the latter.
(28) ________ (inspire), Jasn spent the next mnth making new wrk.
He struck while the irn was ht, and in (30) ________ (d) s, shrtened his five-year plan int a year-and-a-half.
【答案】 22. t happen 28. Inspired 30. ding
【22题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:他面临两个选择,第一个坐着等待事情的发生,另一个选择就是去探索未知的路。分析句子可知,happen作后置定语修饰smething,故用不定式t happen。
【28题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:深受启发,他花了一个月时间来创作新的作品。分析句子可知,inspire作状语修饰he,与其属于动宾关系,故用过去分词形式Inspired。
【30题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:他趁热打铁,通过这样做,把五年的目标用一年半的时间就实现了。In为介词后接动词ing形式,故用ding。
2019年秋考
Orissa is the hme three mass nesting sites f the Oliver turtles, a species (23) __________ (threaten) with extinctin
In the recent years, sea ersin has led t many turtles' nest (28) __________ (damage) r destryed.
【答案】23.threatened 28. being damaged
Threatened
[解析]考查过去分词。根据句意:“奥里萨岛是奥利弗海龟的三个大规模筑巢地,这是一个濒临灭绝的物
种,其中之一,盖赫马塔每年约有七千万到八千万只海龟在海滩上产卵,被认为是世界上最大的筑巢地之一。”由此句意和结构分析可知,此处动词与前后句都是句号隔开,因此这里是非谓语动词,用过去分词作后置定语修饰 species。
28.being damaged
[解析]考查 V-ing 作宾语。根据句意:“在最近几年,海洋侵蚀已经导致很多海龟的巢穴被破坏或毁灭”。being damaged 作lead t 短语中介t 的宾语,且该动名词有自己的逻辑主语 many turtles’nests,因此用动名词的被动。
2018年秋考
“What we really need t d is (26)______(bring) back play fr children ," says Dr. Juana Williamsn, a WHO specialist in childhd besity and physical activity , in a statement abut new WHO guidelines issued in April 2019.This is abut making the shift frm sedentary time t playtime, while ( 27 )__________( prtect) sleep.” Of curse, children aren't cmpletely t blame fr their screen addictin.
A 2016 study ( 29 )_______( cnduct) by Cmmn Sense Media fund that parents spend up t nine hurs a day in frnt f screens , mstly nt fr wrk-related reasns.
【答案】26.bring 27.prtecting 29.cnducted
【解析】
26.bring[解析]考查动词不定式省略。be t d sth.前面有实意动词 d,可以省略t,故用 bring。
27.prtecting[解析]考查现在分词。连词+v-ing 形式省略主语。
29.cnducted[解析]考查过去分词。过去分词修饰前面的名词 study,其与 study是被动关系。
2018年春考
But, surprisingly, yes. (27) ______ (be) a different kind f mther defines me nw.
And yet, the spaces (28) ______ (empty) by lss are mre than filled by what I've fund. I nw have the chance (29) ______ (see) them as the whle wrld des but als like n ne else ever will. As adults I happened t help create.
【答案】 27. T be/ Being 28. emptied 29. t see
【解析】
27.T be/ Being[解析]考查非谓语动词作主语。此句有谓语动词 defines,但句子中缺少主语,而动词放在句首,需要用其 ing 形式或用 t d 的非谓语形作主语。句意为作为一个不同类型的母亲现在定义了我。因此正确答案为T be /Being。
28.emptied[解析]考查过去分词。此句中有谓语动词 are,因此这里的 emptied是非谓语动词修饰 the spaces。因此正确答案为 emptied。
29.t see[解析]考查动词不定式。此句中有谓语动词 have,这里的 see 是非语动闻作后置定语修饰 he chance,句意为我现在有机会把他们看作整个世界,但也没有人会将会喜欢这样。因此正确答案为 t see。
2017年秋考
This wuld help patients’ mental sate mre than the cruel therapies 22__________ (use) n the mentally ill at the time. In recent years, scientists have finally begun t find prf 23____that______ cntact with animals can increase a sick persn’s chance f survival and has been shwn 24__________ (lwer) heart rate, calm upset children, and get peple t start a cnversatin.
Staying with animals is believed t create a peaceful state f mind, 28__________ (result) in a favurable envirnment fr everyne.
【答案】 22. used 24. t lwer 28. resulting
22.used
[解析]考查过去分词。This wuld help patients’ mental state mre than the cruel therapies used n the mentally ill at the time.比起当时对精神病患者的残酷治疗这对患者的精神状态更有帮助。used n 使用于。
24.t lwer
[解析]考查动词不定式。has shwn t lwer heart rate 它显示出心率较低 shw t展示,显示。
28.resulting
[解析]考查现在分词作状语。resulting in a favrable envirnment fr everyne.从而为每个人提供了有利的环境。动名词前置。
2017年春考
They tld reprters that it started ut as a spy mvie 24___________(set) in several different cntexts.
The creatrs have nted that the variety f animals was nt easy 28___________(prduce) in drawings. In the mvie, 64 species live in multiple neighbrhds 29___________(represent) different animals’ living envirnments.
【答案】 24.set 28. t prduce 29. representing
【解析】
24.set[解析]考查过去分词作后置定语。set 与被修饰词 mvie 是被动关系,且set 的过去时和过去分词都是原型,因此用 set 作后置定语修饰 mvie。句意 They tld reprters that it started ut as a spy mvie sel in several different cntexts. 他 们]诉记者这部电影是作为在几个不同背景下的间谍电影设置的。
28.t prduce《解析]考查动词不定式。be nt easy t d sth.做某事不容易。The creatrs have nted that the variety f animals was nt easy t prduce in drawings.t作者们意识到动物的多样性很难在绘画中产出。
29.representing[解析]考查现在分词。representing 和句子的主语是主动关系句子中已经有谓语动词live,所以此处用现在分词表示表示主动。句意 In the mvie64 species live in multiple neighbrhds representing different animals’ living envirnments.在电影中,64 种物种生活在多个代表不同动物的生存环境的社区
题型
语法填空
高考考点
非谓语动词
2022上海秋考
22 t achieve 25. existing 29 characterized
2022上海春考
21.cming 25.called 28.t see
2021上海秋考
26. t grw 29. dumped 30. prviding
2021上海春考
23. playing 27. finished 28. t learn
2020上海秋考
27. checking
2020上海春考
24. Lsing 29. t establish
一般式
t d /被动 t be dne
进行式
t be ding
完成式
t have dne /被动 t have been dne
完成进行式
t have been ding
主动语态
被动语态
一般式 writing
being written
完成式 having written
having been written
admit 承认
appreciate 感激
avid 避免
frbid 禁止
cnsider考虑
delay 耽误
deny 否认
detest 讨厌
endure 忍受
enjy 喜欢
escape 逃脱
fancy 想象
finish 完成
imagine 想象
mind 介意
miss 想念
pstpne推迟
practice 训练
recall 回忆
prpse 建议
resume 继续
ban 禁止
risk 冒险
suggest 建议
keep 继续
include 包括
stand 忍受
understand 理解
frgive 宽恕
recmmend推荐
advise建议
invlve涉及
mentin提及
resist 抵制
permit 默许
allw 允许
现在分词主动语态
现在分词被动语态
一般式 writing
being written
完成式 having written
having been written
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