人教版高中英语必修二全册知识点总结

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人教版高中英语必修二全册知识点总结（教师版）Unit1Cultural HeritageⅠ.阅读单词1．heritage n．遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)2．temple n．庙；寺3．relic n．遗物；遗迹4．clue n．线索；提示5．dam n．水坝；拦河坝6．protest n．抗议 vi.& vt.(公开)反对；抗议7．committee n．委员会8．fund n．基金；专款9．document n．文件；公文；(计算机)文档 vt.记录；记载(详情)10．republic n．共和国11．archaeologist n．考古学家12．pyramid n．(古埃及的)金字塔；棱锥体13．sheet n．一张(纸)；床单；被单14．parade n．游行；检阅 vi.游行庆祝；游行示威15．digital adj.数码的；数字显示的16．cave n．山洞；洞穴17．quote vt.引用18．paraphrase n．，vi.& vt.(用更容易理解的文字)解释Ⅱ.重点单词1．mount n．山峰 vt.爬上；骑上 vi.爬；登上2．former adj.以前的；(两者中)前者的3．preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区4．likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地5．department n．部；司；科6．within prep.& adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内7．issue n．重要议题；争论的问题 vt.宣布；公布8．conduct n．行为；举止；管理方法 vt.组织；安排；带领9．attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试10．worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的11．download vt.下载 n．下载；已下载的数据资料12．entrance n．入口；进入13．process n．过程；进程；步骤 vt.处理；加工14．overseas adj.海外的 adv.在海外15．exit n．出口；通道 vi.& vt.出去；离去16．mirror n．镜子17．roof n．顶部；屋顶18．dragon n．龙19．image n．形象；印象20．throughout prep.各处；遍及；自始至终21．quality n．质量；品质；素质；特征 adj.优质的；高质量的22．further adv.(far的比较级)更远；进一步23．opinion n．意见；想法；看法24．contrast n．对比；对照 vt.对比；对照25．forever adv.永远；长久地Ⅲ.拓展单词1．creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→create v．创造→creativity n．创造性；创造力→creation n．作品；创造2．promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→promotion n．提升；推销；晋级3．application n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→apply vt.& vi.申请；应用；涂；敷→applicant n．申请人→app n．应用程序；应用软件(application的缩略形式)4．balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡→balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的5．proposal n．提议；建议→propose vt.提议；建议6．establish vt.建立；创立→establishment n．建立；创立；机构；企业7．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的；受限制的→limitless/unlimited adj.无限的；无尽的→limitation n．限制；局限；极限8．prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→prevention n．防止；预防→preventive adj.预防性的；防备的9．loss n．丧失；损失→lose vt.丢失→lost adj.迷路的；失去的10．contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助11．investigate vi.& vt.调查；研究→investigation n．调查；研究12．donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠物；捐赠；赠送→donor n．捐赠者；捐赠人13．disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→disappearance n．消失；灭绝→(反义词)appear vi.出现→appearance n．出现；外表14．professional adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员；职业选手→profession n．专业；职业→professor n．教授15．forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕 vt.对不起；请原谅→forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕16．tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditional adj.传统的17．historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→history n．历史→historian n．历史学家→historical adj.(有关)历史的；历史上的18．comparison n．比较；相比→compare vt.& vi.与……相比较19．identify vt.确认；认出；找到→identity n．身份；个性→identification n．识别；身份证明(文件)Ⅳ. 拔高词汇1．esteem /I'stiːm/ n．敬重；好评 vt.尊重；敬重2．intellectual /ˌIntə'lektʃuəl/ adj.智力的；有才智的 n．知识分子；脑力劳动者3．evenly /'iːvnli/ adv.有规律地；均匀地；平和地4．gaze /ɡeIz/ vi.& n．凝视；注视gaze out into向外凝视5．approximately /ə'prɒksImətli/ adv.大约；大概→approximate /ə'prɒksImət/ adj.大约的；接近的 vt.& vi.近似；接近6．thrill /θrIl/ n．兴奋；激动；震颤感 vt.使非常兴奋7．adjacent /ə'dʒeIsnt/ adj.与……毗邻的；邻近的8．shed /ʃed/ n．简易房；工棚；库房 vt.去除；摆脱；使掉下9．sparkling /'spɑːklIŋ/ adj.闪烁的；闪耀的；起泡的10．mysterious /mI'stIəriəs/ adj.神秘的；神奇的；诡秘的Ⅴ.背核心短语1．take part in参与(某事)；参加(某活动)2．give way to让步；屈服3．keep balance保持平衡4．lead to导致5．make a proposal提出建议6．turn to向……求助7．prevent...from...阻止；不准8．donate...to...向……捐赠……9．make sure确保；设法保证10．all over the world在世界各地Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.(There comes a time when...)新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。2．Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.(not only位于句首，引起部分倒装)这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。3．It is said that it’s a mirror that can tell right from wrong！(It is＋v.-ed＋that...)据说这是一面可以分辨是非的镜子！4．As one researcher who is working on the project explains，“Appreciating one’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself...”(as引导非限制性定语从句)正如一位从事该项目的研究人员所解释的：“欣赏本国文化遗产，有助于了解我们自己……”5．As they learn more about where they come from，they will hopefully be proud to tell others about their country and culture.(where引导宾语从句)当他们更多地了解他们从哪里来，他们将有希望自豪地向别人介绍他们的国家和文化。Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡(balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的)(1)如果你能够保持均衡饮食来保持身体健康，这会是一个好主意。(应用文写作之建议信)It would be a good idea if you could keep a balanced diet to keep physically healthy.(2)为了更有效地学习，你最好在学习和锻炼之间保持平衡。To study more efficiently，you’d better keep a balance between learning and working out.(3)我踩到一块香蕉皮，失去平衡，趴在地上。(读后续写之动作链描写)I stepped on a banana peel，lost my balance and fell flat on the ground.(4)权衡利弊之后，大卫擦掉眼泪，挣扎着站起来，向起跑线走去，嘴角露出轻松的微笑。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)After balancing/he balanced the advantages against the disadvantages，David wiped away the tears，struggled to his feet and made his way to the starting line，a relaxed smile appearing at the corners of his mouth. limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定(limited adj.有限的；受限制的 limitless adj.无限的；无尽的 limitation n．限制；局限；极限)(1)Life is limited(limit)，but there is no limit to serving(serve) the people.(2)There is no denying that being physically disabled is the biggest limitation(limit) for him to find a suitable job.(3)要求你的文章限制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度，将不被采用。(应用文写作之征文通知)You are required to limit your essay to 800 words.If your essay is beyond the limit，it will not be accepted.(4)为了保护文化遗产不受严重破坏，当地政府在旅游旺季限制了游客数量。(话题写作之遗产保护)To protect the cultural heritage from being seriously damaged，the local government has set a limit to/on the number of tourists during the peak season. contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠(contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助；贡献；投稿；导致)(1)I make a proposal that each individual should make contributions(contribute) to ocean protection.(2022·全国甲，书面表达)(2)他的研究不仅提高了数百万人的生活质量，而且为农业的可持续发展做出了贡献。(2023·全国甲，书面表达)His research has not only improved the quality of life for millions of people，but also contributed to/made a contribution to the sustainable development of agriculture.(3)我年轻的时候给自己规定每月给报纸写一篇文章。In my youth，I made it a rule to contribute one article to the newspaper on a monthly basis. attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试(attempted adj.未遂的；企图的)(1)He was charged with an attempted(attempt) murder，but proved innocent after investigation.(2)在接下来的几天里，我们试图到处寻找我们的爱犬Spotty，但都是徒劳。In the next few days，we attempted to search for/made an attempt to search for/at searching for our beloved dog Spotty in each and every corner，but in vain.(3)他们第一次尝试没能把爆米花卖出去，这使他们既沮丧又悲伤。(2020·新课标 Ⅰ，读后续写)They failed to sell popcorn at the first attempt，which made them depressed and sad. There comes a time when... 　There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。(1)到了我们必须采取进一步措施阻止许多濒临灭绝的物种消失的时候了。There comes a time when we must take further measures to prevent many endangered species from disappearing.(2)山脚下有一条小河，我们经常在那里欣赏美景。There lies/is a small river at the foot of the hill，where we often appreciate the beautiful scenery.(3)在约翰看来，似乎没有比制作爆米花更好的方式去帮助伯纳德了。(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)In John’s opinion，there appeared/seemed to be no better way to help Bernard than making popcorn.(4)这儿有一些如何解决这个难题的建议。Here are some suggestions/proposals on how to solve the difficult issue. not only...but also... 　Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。(1)为了提高英语口语，他们不仅在英语口语社里说英语而且在宿舍里也说英语。到目前为止，不仅我的同伴，而且其他成员也都取得了巨大进步。(2022·天津，书面表达)In order to improve oral English，they speak English not only in the Oral English Club but also in the dormitory.So far，not only my partner but also the other members have made great progress.(2)上周末举办了一项名为“了解我们周围的植物”的活动，通过它，我们不仅欣赏了植物的美丽，还了解了它们生长的环境。(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)①Last weekend witnessed an activity called “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us”，through which we not only admired the beauty of plants，but also learnt about the environment where they grow.②Last weekend witnessed an activity called “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us”，through which not only did we admire the beauty of plants，but also we learnt about the environment where they grow.(倒装句)Unit2 Wildlife ProtectionⅠ.阅读单词1．poster n．海报2．species n．物种3．shark n．鲨鱼4．fin n．(鱼的)鳍5．prince n．王子；王孙；亲王6．whale n．鲸7．antelope n．羚；羚类动物8．Tibetan antelope藏羚羊9．herd n．牧群；兽群10．fur n．毛(皮)；毛皮衣服11．sacred adj.神圣的；受尊敬的12．deer n．鹿13．kangaroo n．袋鼠14．insect n．昆虫15．net n．＝Internet网 adj.净得的；纯的16．binoculars n．双筒望远镜17．bird field guide鸟类图鉴18．dolphin n．海豚19．Yangtze River dolphin白鳍豚20．koala n．树袋熊；考拉Ⅱ.重点单词1．immediately adv.立刻2．mass adj.大量的；广泛的 n．大量；堆；群3．habitat n．(动植物的)生活环境；栖息地4．average n．平均数；平均水平 adj.平均的；正常的；普通的5．living adj.居住的；活的；在用的 n．生活；生计6．measure n．措施；方法 vt.测量；度量；估量7．authority n．官方；当权；权威8．pressure n．压力；要求9．reserve n．(动植物)保护区；储藏(量) vt.预订；预留；保留10．plain n．平原 adj.简单明了的；直率的；平凡的11．shoot vt.& vi.(shot，shot)射杀；射伤；发射12．profit n．利润；利益13．attack n．，vi.& vt.攻击；抨击14．goods n．商品；货物15．creature n．生物；动物16．due adj.由于；因为17．neighbourhood n．临近的地方；街区18．stir vt.激发；搅动19．skin n．皮；皮肤Ⅲ.拓展单词1．illegal adj.不合法的；非法的→illegally adv.不合法地；非法地→legal adj.合法的；法律的2．hunt vt.& vi.打猎；搜寻；追捕→hunter n．猎人；搜寻者→hunting n．打猎；狩猎3．alarming adj.惊人的；使人惊恐的→alarm vt.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心 n．恐慌；警报；警报器→alarmed adj.担心；害怕4．rate n．速度；(比)率 vt.划分等级→rating n．等级；级别5．extinct adj.已灭绝的→extinction n．灭绝6．aware adj.知道；发觉；有……意识的→awareness n．意识→unaware adj.未发觉的；不知道的7．endanger vt.使遭受危险；危害→endangered adj.濒危的→danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的8．concern vt.涉及；让……担忧 n．担心，忧虑→concerned adj.担心的；关切的→concerning prep.关于；涉及9．adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应；使适合→adaptation n．适应；改编本→adaptable adj.适应性强的；能适应的10．observe vt.观察(到)；注视；遵守→observation n．观察11．beauty n．美；美人；美好的东西→beautiful adj.美丽的；美好的→beautify vt.美化12．remind vt.提醒；使想起→reminder n．提醒者；提醒物13．effective adj.有效的；生效的→effect n．效果；影响14．recover vi.恢复；康复 vt.找回；寻回→recovery n．恢复15．remove vt.去除；移开；脱去→removal n．移走；消除16．intend vi.& vt.打算；计划；想要→intention n．用意；目的；意图17．threat n．威胁→threaten vt.威胁；危及18．exist vi.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存→existing adj.现存的；现有的19．harmony n．和谐；融洽→harmonious adj.和谐的20．reduce vt.减少→reduction n．缩减；减少21．emotion n．感情；情感；情绪→emotional adj.情感的；情绪的22．unusual adj.特别的；不寻常的→usual adj.常见的，寻常的Ⅳ.拔高词汇1．portray /pɔː'treI/ vt.表现；描绘2．burst /bɜːst/ vi.(burst，burst)突然出现；猛冲；爆满 vi.& vt.(使)爆裂 n．突发；迸发；爆裂3．dull /dʌl/ adj.沉闷的；乏味的；迟钝的4．glow /ɡləʊ/ vi.发出暗淡的光；(人体或脸因运动或情绪影响)发热 n．暗淡的光；满面红光5．tender /'tendə(r)/ adj.温柔的；亲切的；柔软的6．gleam /ɡliːm/ vi.闪烁；显得光洁明亮；流露出7．blazing /'bleIzIŋ/ adj.酷热的；炙热的8．sigh /saI/ vi.& n．叹气；叹息 vt.叹息道9．solemnly /'sɒləmli；NAmE 'sɑːləmli/ adv.郑重地；冷峻地；庄严地→solemn /'sɒləm；NAmE sɑːləm/ adj.郑重的；冷峻的；庄严的10．echo /'ekəʊ/ vt.& vi.重复；回荡；回响Ⅴ.背核心短语1．on earth (放在疑问词之后表示强调)究竟；到底2．die out灭亡；逐渐消失3．aware of意识到；知道4．on average平均5．make progress取得进步6．concerned about对……关切的；为……担忧的7．adapt to适应8．under pressure在压力下；承受压力9．make out看清；听清；分清10．remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起(类似的人或物)11．watch over保护；照管；监督12．day and night日日夜夜；夜以继日13．due to由于；因为14．search for搜索；查找15．stir up激起Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.(This is why...这是……的原因)这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。2．Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.(“only＋状语”位于句首的部分倒装)只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。3．When it comes to wildlife protection，all species—the good，the bad，and the ugly—should be treated equally.[when it comes to (doing) sth 当谈及……]谈到野生动植物保护，所有的物种——好的、坏的、丑的——都应该得到平等的对待。4．Is it right to make animals homeless so that humans can have more paper？(so that引导的目的状语从句)为了让人类有更多的纸张，使得动物无家可归，这样做对吗？5．That is what the animals really need most.(what引导的表语从句)那才是动物们真正最需要的。Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 aware adj.有……意识的；知道；发觉(unaware adj.不知道的，未发觉的 awareness n．意识；认识)(1)World Oceans Day，falling on June 8th，is aimed at raising awareness(aware) of ocean conservation.(2022·全国甲，书面表达)(2)我呼吁政府发起更多的环保运动以唤起人们过低碳生活的意识。(应用文写作之倡议书)I appeal to the government to launch more environment-friendly campaigns to arouse people’s awareness of living a low-carbon life.(3)是我高中时的班主任让我意识到努力的重要性。It is my head teacher in senior high school who/that made me aware of the importance of working hard.(4)没有意识到潜在的危险，她步入森林深处，掉进了陷阱。Not aware/Unaware of the potential danger，she went further into the forest and fell into the trap.(形容词作状语) concern vt.涉及；让……担忧；与……有关 n．担心；忧虑；关心；(利害)关系(concerned adj.担心的；关切的；感兴趣的；有关的；参与的 concerning prep.关于；涉及)(1)The authorities concerned are deeply concerned about the issue concerning education reform.(concern)(2)知道你感冒了，我写信表示关心，并祝你早日康复。Knowing that you have caught a cold，I am writing to show my concern and wish you an early recovery.(3)我写信告诉你我们学校举行的成人礼的相关事宜。在我看来，它使我们意识到了作为成年人我们所承担的责任。(2020·天津7月，书面表达)I am writing to tell you something concerning the coming-of-age ceremony held in our school.As far as I am concerned，it makes us aware of the responsibility we are shouldering as adults.用法点拨　concerned作“关心的；担心的”解时常作前置定语；作“相关的；有关的”解时常作后置定语。 adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应；使适合；改编；改写(adaptable adj.适应性强的；能适应的 adaptation n．改编本；改写本；适应)(1)It is a TV adaptation(adapt) of the Chinese literary classic，Dream of the Red Chamber，which is performed by a group of children aged 6 to 12.(2)我真的希望你能尽快适应新学校，过上愉快的生活。(应用文写作之表达祝愿)I do hope that you can adapt (yourself) to the new school as soon as possible and lead a happy life.(3)我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助，该短剧改编自我们的英语课文。(2020·全国Ⅲ，书面表达)I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play (that/which is) adapted from our English text. measure vt.测量；度量；估量 n．措施；方法(1)The room measuring(measure) five meters across is comfortable to live in.(2)In the old days，my mother always made a suit to my measure with the Spring Festival approaching.(3)越来越多的人开始意识到，教育不应该仅仅以考试成绩来衡量。More and more people begin to be aware that education should not be measured only by examination results.(4)我们必须采取有效措施来保护海洋免受进一步的污染。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)①We must take effective measures to protect oceans from being further polluted.②Effective measures must be taken to protect oceans from being further polluted.(被动语态)用法点拨　①measure用作“措施”时，常用其复数形式。②measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时，是系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用于被动语态及进行时态。 remind vt.提醒；使想起(reminder n．提醒者；提醒物)(1)This award is a reminder(remind) that I once made progress in my academic performance.(2)“Earth Hour”于2007年在悉尼首次举办，旨在提醒人们注意全球变暖的影响，并提高人们对环境保护的认识。First held in Sydney in 2007，Earth Hour aims to remind people of the influence of global warming and to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.(3)这张海报提醒我们必须立即采取措施保护濒临灭绝的生物。①The poster reminds us that we must take immediate measures to protect endangered creatures.(remind sb that...)②The poster reminds us to take immediate measures to protect endangered creatures.(remind sb to do sth) intend vi.& vt.打算；计划；想要(intention n．用意；目的；意图)(1)My parents had intended(intend) to buy a new truck but couldn’t afford it.(2)The GPNP is intended to provide(provide) stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)(3)这本为英语初学者准备的语法书非常受欢迎。The grammar book (that/which is) intended for English beginners is extremely popular.(4)为了促进中英文化交流，我们学校计划举办一个名为Chinese workshop的活动。(2023·天津6月) Our school plans to organize a Chinese workshop activity，with the intention of promoting cultural exchange between China and the UK. exist vi.存在；生存 (existence n．存在；生存 existing adj.目前的；现存的)(1)No one knows for sure how the situation came into existence，but the existing authority has determined to take measures to solve it once and for all.(exist)(2)我们的生活有起有落，但无论发生什么，我们都可以依靠爱和希望生活。(读后续写之主旨升华)There exist ups and downs in our life，but whatever happens，we can always exist on love and hope.(3)这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。The beauty of the city exists/lies/consists in its magnificent buildings. die out灭亡；逐渐消失(1)This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.(2)Let’s move now because imaginative ideas will die away if not taken in time.(3)If the snowstorm doesn’t blow over，the cattle will die off.(4)Learning that you are dying to visit(visit) Beijing，I am willing to act as your tourist guide.(5)Now I am dying for the precious opportunity to join the school basketball club.(6)The rain remained steady though the freezing wind had died down.(读后续写之环境描写) search for搜索；查找(1)Jane searched the whole room upside down for her wedding ring，but in vain.(2)当我在网上搜索一些信息时，一张关于濒危物种的海报吸引了我的眼球。I was searching for/in my search for/in search of some information on the Internet when a poster about endangered species attracted my eyes. This is why... 　This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。(1)My father was absent from my coming-of-age ceremony；it was because he had a special task to conduct.(2)The reason why I have chosen this camera as my exhibition item is that it reminds me of my happy childhood memories.(2023·上海6月)(3)读经典作品能够丰富我们的日常生活，减轻我们的压力。这就是我们应该多读经典作品的原因。①Reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure.This is why we should read more classics.(This is why...)②We should read more classics.This is because reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure.(This is because...)③The reason why we should read more classics is that reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure.(The reason why...is that...) “only＋状语从句”位于句首的部分倒装 　Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。(1)Only then was(be) I aware of the urgency of wildlife protection and that each of us can make a contribution to it.(2)只有你来到中国，你才能真正体验中国的饮食文化。Only when/if you come to China can you truly experience Chinese food culture.(3)直到最后，我才发现，正是凭借勇敢和决心我们才能克服一切困难。(读后续写主旨升华)Only in the end did I find that it was with bravery and determination that we can conquer all the difficulties.(4)让老师失望的是，只有一半的学生成绩高于平均水平。What made the teacher disappointed was that only half of the students’ scores were above the average.Unit3 The InternetⅠ.阅读单词1．blog n．博客 vi.写博客2．blog post博文；博客帖子3．blogger n．博客作者；博主4．identity n．身份；个性5．identity card身份证6．database n．数据库；资料库7．software n．软件8．network n．(互联)网络；网状系统；人际网 vt.将……连接成网络；联播 vi.建立工作关系9．province n．省10．resident n．居民；(美国的)住院医生 adj.(在某地)居住的11．battery n．电池12．Wi-Fi n．无线保真(用无线电波而非网线在计算机网络传输数据的系统)13．button n．按钮；纽扣14．file n．文件；文件夹；档案15．troll n．发挑衅帖子的人；恶意挑衅的帖子16．cyberbully n．网霸 vt.& vi.网络欺凌17．guideline n．准则；指导原则Ⅱ.重点单词1．engine n．引擎；发动机；火车头2．search engine (互联网上的)搜索引擎3．chat vi.聊天；闲聊4．stream vt.流播(不用下载直接在互联网上播放音视频)；流出 vi.流动 n．小河；溪流5．cash n．现金；金钱6．update vt.更新；向……提供最新信息 n．更新；最新消息7．stuck adj.卡住；陷(入)；困(于)8．surf vt.& vi.浏览；冲浪9．charity n．慈善；慈善机构(或组织)10．tough adj.艰难的；严厉的11．conference n．会议；研讨会；正式会谈12．plus conj.而且；此外 n．加号；优势 prep.加；另加13．function n．功能；作用；机能 vi.起作用；正常工作；运转14．confirm vt.确认；使确信15．press vt.按，压；敦促16．discount n．折扣 vt.打折17．click vt.& vi.点击18．target n．目标；对象；靶子 vt.把……作为攻击目标19．particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的20．upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的 vt.(upset，upset)使烦恼；使生气；搅乱21．author n．作者；作家22．tip n．忠告；诀窍；实用的提示23．case n．盒；箱；情况；案件Ⅲ.拓展单词1．convenient adj.方便的；近便的→convenience n．便利；方便→inconvenience n．不便；麻烦2．benefit n．益处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→beneficial adj.有利的；有益的；受益的3．distance n．距离→distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的→distantly adv.远离地；疏远地4．inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；使人振奋的→inspired adj.借助于灵感创作的；品质优秀的；能力卓越的→inspiration n．灵感；启发5．access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取→accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的6．account n．账户；描述→accountant n．会计员；会计师7．privacy n．隐私；私密→private adj.私人的；秘密的→privately adv.私下地8．theft n．偷(窃)；盗窃罪→thief n．小偷9．rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n．粗鲁，粗暴10．false adj.假的；错误的→falsity n．虚假；不真实；错误11．embarrassing adj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的→embarrassed adj.感到难堪(尴尬)的→embarrassment n．尴尬12．familiar adj.熟悉；熟知→unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的→familiarity n．熟悉；通晓13．define vt.给……下定义；界定；解释→definition n．定义，释义Ⅳ. 拔高词汇1．grin /ɡrIn/ vi.& vt.露齿而笑；咧着嘴笑 n．露齿的笑；咧着嘴笑2．with enthusiasm有热情3．acquaintance /ə'kweIntəns/ n．认识的人；熟人4．harsh /hɑːʃ/ adj.恶劣的；残酷的；刺耳的5．wipe /waIp/ vt.& n．擦；拭；抹6．companion /kəm'pæniən/ n．旅伴；伙伴；陪护7．shortcut /'ʃɔːtkʌt/ n．近路；捷径8．weary /'wIəri；NAmE 'wIri/ adj.疲惫的；疲倦的；感到不耐烦的 vt.使疲劳；使疲倦；(对……)失去兴趣9．shortly /'ʃɔːtli/ adv.马上；立刻；不久10．enrich /In'rItʃ/ vt.充实；使丰富；使富有Ⅴ.背核心短语1．keep sb company陪伴某人2．now that既然；由于3．go through经历；度过；通读4．in shape状况良好5．keep track of掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态6．make fun of取笑；戏弄7．keep (...) in mind牢记8．wait in line排队9．out of work失业10．apply for申请Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient.(现在分词短语作后置定语)讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。2．She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet.(so...that...如此……以至于……)她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。3．This app keeps you updated on all your favourite topics.(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语)这个应用程序可以让你随时获取到关于所有你最喜欢的话题的最新信息。4．A troll is a person who posts comments or questions in order to stir up trouble online.(in order to do作目的状语)网络挑事者就是在网上发表评论或问题以挑起事端的人。5．However，the more polite you are，the less likely it is you will be attacked.(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...)但是，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 convenient adj.方便的；近便的；便利的(convenience n．[U]便利；方便；[C]便利设施 inconvenience n．不便 inconvenient adj.不方便的；不便利的)(1)Due to its poor quality and much inconvenience(convenient) it has caused，I wonder whether you can do something about it.(2)我想知道本周五早上8点在演讲厅见面对你来说是否方便。如果不方便，你可以定一个你方便的时间。(应用文写作之邀请信)I am wondering if it is convenient for you to meet in the lecture hall at 8：00 am this Friday.If not，you can decide on a date at your convenience.(3)如果您能尽早给我回信，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之结束语)I would appreciate it if you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience. benefit n．益处；利益；好处 vt.使受益 vi.得益于(beneficial adj.有利的；有益的；受益的)(1)Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely beneficial to human well-being.(benefit)(2023·新课标Ⅱ改)(2)我相信，以中国美食、手工艺品和书法为特色的研讨会将有利于所有交换生。(2023·天津6月)①I am confident that all exchange students will benefit from the workshop which features Chinese cuisine，handicrafts and calligraphy.②I am confident that the workshop featuring Chinese cuisine，handicrafts and calligraphy will benefit/be of benefit to/beneficial to all exchange students. distance n．距离；远方(distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的 distantly adv.远离地；疏远地)(1)The tough period I once experienced is a distant(distance) memory for me now.(2)我们将于下周六在一个距我们学校两千米远的农场进行水果采摘活动。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)We’ll hold a fruit-picking activity next Saturday on a farm which is at a distance of two kilometres from our school.(3)了解到其他同学总是疏远你，我写信给你一些建议。(应用文写作之建议信)Learning that other students always keep you at a distance，I am writing to offer you some suggestions.(4)你也可以参观城市博物馆，从你住的酒店走着就能到。(应用文写作之建议信)You can also visit the city museum，which is within walking distance of the hotel where you stay. access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt.进入；使用；获取(accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的)(1)Now that you haven’t applied for an account，the website is not accessible(access) to you.(2)我们匆匆往家赶，却发现通往家的唯一通道被堵住了。We hurried home，only to find that the only access to our home was blocked.(3)我们可以在网上得到我们想学习的任何东西，因此在线学习让我们受益颇多。(2021·全国乙，书面表达)We can access/get access to whatever we desire to learn on the Internet and thus，online learning benefits us greatly. account n．账户；描述；账目；说明 v．认为；说明(accountant n．会计员；会计师)(1)然而，选择阅读英语书籍和访问英语学习网站的人只分别占到18%和12%。(2022·全国乙，书面表达)However，those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12% respectively.(2)由于突如其来的大雨，我们更难找到回家的路。On account of the unexpected heavy rain，we had more difficulty finding our way home.(3)这位教授警告学生们，在他的课上决不能使用手机。The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.(4)如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之申请信)I would be very grateful if you could take my application into account/take account of my application.(5)我写信的目的是向您详细讲述我在志愿者项目中难忘的经历。I’m writing to give you a full account of my unforgettable experience in a volunteer programme. upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的；不安的 vt.(upset，upset)使烦恼；使生气；使不安；使心烦；打翻；搅乱(1)The author was upset about/over/at his son’s terrible academic performances.(2)We are upset to hear(hear) that you are suffering from a serious illness and I sincerely hope you will soon be restored to health.(2020·浙江7月，应用文写作)(3)让我生气的是，一个男人拿着棍子毫不留情地打了我心爱的狗斯波蒂。What upset me was that/It upset me that a man with a stick beat my beloved dog Spotty without mercy.(4)既沮丧又无助，我静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊流淌。(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)Upset and helpless，I stood silently，tears streaming down my cheeks. familiar adj.熟悉；熟知(unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的 familiarity n．熟悉；熟知)(1)In most cases，home to those people means a sense of familiarity(familiar) and nostalgia(怀旧)．(2)As his sincerest fan，I am familiar with all his works；that is to say，all his works are familiar to me.(3)作为学校的一名特殊教育老师，我熟悉大卫所面临的挑战并为他的坚定决心感到骄傲。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)As a special education teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and proud of his strong determination. case n．盒；箱；事例；事件；情况；病例；案件(1)We’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(2)我认为你最好给我们一个详尽的解释以防被误解。In my opinion，you’d better give us a thorough account in case of being misunderstood/in case you are misunderstood.(3)正如通常的情况一样，生活不仅包括阳光，还包括风暴。但无论发生什么，我们无论如何都不应该向困难屈服，也不应该放弃我们的梦想。As is often the case，life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.But whatever happens，in no case should we give in to difficulties and on no account should we give up our dreams.用法点拨　case在定语从句中作先行词且作状语时，从句要用where引导。 go through经历；度过；完成；通过；检查；详细研究；通读(1)写出下列句子中go through的汉语意思①Carefully go through your papers before handing them in.检查②Obviously，that was something she should not go through alone.经历③You do not have to rush—as you have a year to go through the project.完成④Let’s go through the facts again.详细研究，仔细琢磨⑤As you go through this book，you will find that each of the people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.浏览；翻阅⑥Cyclists jump on and off pavements，ride at high speed along the pavements，and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.通过(2)用go短语的正确形式填空I make it a rule to go over what I have learned before going to bed every day.The moment I determined not to go against the rules of memory，I immediately went ahead.With time going by，my English grades go up dramatically. the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...　However，the more polite you are，the less likely it is you will be attacked.但是，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。(1)你越用功，进步就会越大。(应用文写作之建议信)The harder you work，the greater progress you will make.(2)Jane在森林里走得越远，她越紧张焦虑。(读后续写之心理描写)The further Jane went in the forest，the more nervous and anxious she became.(3)她越想这件事，越感到害怕，手心在冒汗，心跳得厉害。(读后续写之心理描写)The more she thought about it，the more frightened she felt，her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly.Unit4 History and TraditionsⅠ.阅读单词1．Confucius n．孔子2．mansion n．公馆；宅第3．cemetery n．墓地；公墓4．philosophy n．哲学5．descendant n．后裔；后代；子孙6．heel n．足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟7．Achilles’ heel (喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点8．kingdom n．王国；领域9．currency n．通货；货币10．military adj.军事的；军用的11．landscape n．(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景12．ancestor n．祖宗；祖先13．courtyard n．庭院；院子14．county n．(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县15．feast n．盛宴；宴会；节日16．cattle n．牛17．scent n．气味；气息18．stew n．炖菜(有肉和蔬菜) vt.& vi.炖；煨19．sensory adj.感觉的；感官的20．transition n．过渡；转变；变迁Ⅱ.重点单词1．individual adj.单独的；个别的 n．个人2．chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n．(公司或机构的)首领；酋长3．nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近4．conquer vt.占领；征服；控制5．battle n．战役；搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗6．port n．港口(城市)7．charge n．收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电8．amount n．金额；数量9．gallery n．(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊10．approach n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近11．ensure vt.保证；确保；担保12．butter n．黄油；奶油 vt.涂黄油于13．honey n．蜂蜜14．position n．位置；姿态；职位15．snack n．点心；小吃16．roll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n．卷(轴)；翻滚17．dot n．点；小(圆)点 vt.加点；遍布18．roar vi.& n．吼叫；咆哮19．ocean n．大海；海洋20．pub n．酒吧；酒馆21．wine n．葡萄酒；果酒22．beer n．(一杯)啤酒Ⅲ.拓展单词1．puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled adj.感到困惑的2．belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→belonging n．[U]归属；[pl.]动产，财物3．defence n．防御；保卫→defend v．防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的4．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的→legally adv.法律上地5．surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surroundings n．环境6．evidence n．证据；证明→evident adj.明显的7．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现8．location n．地方；地点；位置→locate vt.确定……的准确地点；找出……的位置→located adj.坐落于；位于9．fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v．使……入迷，迷住→fascinated adj.着迷的10．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n．宣布；通知→announcer n．广播员；解说员11．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosity n．慷慨；大方12．eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv.热心地；急切地→eagerness n．热切；渴望13．poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌→poetry n．诗歌(总称)14．greet vt.问候；迎接→greeting n．问候；致意15．custom n．风俗；习俗；习惯→customer n．顾客→customs n．海关16．striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工17．crowd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的Ⅳ. 拔高词汇1．authentic /ɔː'θentIk/ adj.真正的；真实的2．comb /kəʊm/ vt.梳(头发)；梳理 n．梳子；篦子；梳理(头发)3．sternly /'stɜːnli/ adv.严厉地；苛刻地→stern /stɜːn/ adj.严厉的；苛刻的；严峻的4．opt /ɒpt/ vi.& vt.选择；挑选5．boast /bəʊst/ vi.& vt.自夸；自吹自擂 n．夸耀；夸口6．lick /lIk/ vt.舔；舔着喝(吃)7．disgusting /dIs'ɡʌstIŋ/ adj.令人厌恶的；极糟的8．terrified /'terIfaId/ adj.恐惧的；非常害怕的→terrify /'terIfaI/ vt.使恐惧；使惊吓9．glance /ɡlɑːns；NAmE ɡlæns/ vi.瞥一眼；扫视；浏览 n．一瞥；扫视10．triumph /'traIʌmf/ n．胜利；重大成功Ⅴ.背核心短语1．join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来2．break away (from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱3．belong to属于4．as well as同(一样也)；和；还5．keep your eyes open (for)留心；留意6．add...to...把……添加到……中7．refer to谈到；查阅；指的是8．take over接收；接管9．leave behind把……抛在后面；留下；遗留10．have a great influence on对……有极大影响Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．The United Kingdom，Great Britain，Britain，England—many people are confused by what these different names mean.(what引导的宾语从句)联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名称的含义感到困惑。2．So what is the difference between them，if any？(if的省略结构)如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？3．They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.(过去分词短语作后置定语)像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。4．They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.(have sth done)他们在英格兰各地建造城堡，并对法律体系进行改革。5．If you keep your eyes open，you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.(if引导的条件状语从句)如果你留心去观察，英国的过去和现在都将展示在你的面前，令你叹为观止。6．The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(with的复合结构)“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。7．With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，dancing，and dining.(It is＋adj.＋that...)乡村景色如此优美，在爱尔兰形成这些浓厚的传统包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮就一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 surround vt.包围；围绕(surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 surroundings n．环境)(1)Surrounding yourself with people who will provide you with support can be very beneficial.(2)您可以给我一些关于如何适应陌生环境的有益的建议吗？(应用文写作之求助信)Would you please offer me some beneficial advice on how to adapt to the unfamiliar surroundings?(3)绿树掩映，这个农场坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下。一条小河曲曲折折穿行其中。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)Surrounded by/with green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a small river winding through the farm. charge vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲 n．收费；指控；主管(1)We have enough evidence and confidence to charge you with abuse of power.(2)The generous owner charging me nothing for the noodles，I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up in my heart.(读后续写之情感描写)(3)上周我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。(议论文写作)Last week we had a heated debate about whether citizens can access the Science Museum free of charge/for free.(4)恶狼张开血淋淋的嘴巴，跳起来扑向我，好像要把我一口吃掉似的。(读后续写之情境描写)The fierce wolf，opening its bloody mouth，sprang to its feet and charged at me as if to eat me up in one gulp.(5)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)I will be in charge of/take charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese cultures to foreigners. announce vt.宣布；通知；声称(announcement n．宣布；通知 announcer n．广播员；解说员)(1)Our school’s English broadcast station is looking for an announcer(announce) who is capable of speaking fluent and authentic English.(2)The host announced to us that a painting exhibition would be held in the city gallery next weekend.(3)The authority announces that a new railway station will be built here to promote its tourism.＝It is announced that a new railway station will be built here to promote its tourism.(4)大家请注意，在我们上课之前我要下个重要通知。Attention，please，I have an important announcement to make before our class starts. amount n．金额；数量 v．总计，共计；相当于，等于(1)Yesterday large amounts of honey and butter were(be) used to make this kind of snack.(2)为了保持健康，有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。(应用文写作之建议信)In order to keep healthy，a proper amount of regular exercise is quite necessary.(3)暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)The money I earned during the summer holiday amounted to 300 dollars，which could help support my family. approach n．接近；方法；途径 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近(1)With the Spring Festival approaching(approach)，we could hardly contain our inner excitement.＝At the approach of the Spring Festival，we could hardly contain our inner excitement.(2)解决这个问题的方法有多种，但我们最好找到最经济的那种。There are many approaches to solving the problem，but we’d better find the most economical one.(3)那只小鸟正拍打着翅膀向我靠近。(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)There was the little bird，flapping her wings and approaching me. eager adj.渴望的；热切的(eagerly adv.热心地；急切地eagerness n．热切；渴望)(1)Learning that you’re leaving for the United States soon，I’m eagerly(eager) writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.(应用文写作之感谢信)(2)每个人都渴望成功，但成功只属于那些意志坚定、坚持不懈的人。(读后续写之主旨升华)Everyone is eager for success/to succeed/be successful，but success only belongs to those who are determined and persevering.(3)当这个男孩被问及是否想要一个生日礼物的时候，他无法掩饰他的渴望。(读后续写之心理描写)When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday，the boy couldn’t hide his eagerness. belong to属于；是……的成员；是……的组成部分{belong vi.应在(某处)；适应，合得来 belonging n．[U]归属；[pl.]动产，财物}(1)Having sold most of his belongings(belong)，the poet almost had nothing left in the house.(2)We were reminded to take whatever belonging(belong) to us before getting off the train.(3)正是因为你的慷慨帮助，我很快就产生了归属感，适应了新的环境。It is because of your generous assistance that I soon developed a sense of belonging and adapted to the new surroundings. as well as同(一样也)；和；还(1)Your wife as well as you is(be) friendly and generous，for which I am very grateful.(2)As well as eating(eat) a five-course meal，they drank seven bottles of wine.(3)我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。(2020·天津7月，书面表达)Our head teacher as well as five student representatives was invited to deliver a speech at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony. if的省略结构 　So what is the difference between them，if any？如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？(1)If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.＝If necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.(2)如果有人要来的话，请让我知道有多少，我好做准备。Please let me know how many people are coming，if any，so that I can make preparations.(3)我想知道这个星期五晚上你是否方便到机场接我。如果是这样的话，那就再好不过了。如果不方便，那就请提前帮我订一辆出租车。I am wondering if it’s convenient for you to pick me up at the airport this Friday night.If so，it couldn’t be better.If not，please help me book a taxi in advance. with的复合结构 　The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。(1)With the victory announced(announce)，all people present cheered up with great joy.(2)With so many tricky problems to approach(approach)，the newly-elected president will have a tough period to go through.(3)Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)①Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(用with的复合结构改写)②Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(用独立主格结构改写)(4)With the bright moon up in the sky，we sit together and eat mooncakes and fruits，sharing our stories.皓月当空，我们围坐在一起，吃着月饼和水果，分享我们的故事。Unit5MusicⅠ.阅读单词1．hip-hop n．嘻哈音乐；嘻哈文化2．techno n．泰克诺音乐(一种节奏快、通常无歌声相伴的音乐)3．bagpipes n．[pl.]风笛4．stringed adj.有弦的5．stringed instrument弦乐器6．virtual choir虚拟合唱团7．studio n．演播室；(音乐的)录音棚；工作室8．conductor n．(乐队、合唱团等的)指挥；(公共汽车的)售票员9．phenomenon (pl.phenomena) n．现象10．rap n．快速敲击；说唱音乐 vi.& vt.敲击；(说唱歌中的)念白11．album n．相册；集邮簿；音乐专辑12．lean vt.(leant/leaned，leant/leaned)依靠；倾斜13．rhetorical adj.修辞的14．metaphor n．暗喻；隐喻15．personification n．拟人；人格化；化身16．repetition n．重复；重做17．simile n．明喻18．outline n．& vt.概述；概要Ⅱ.重点单词1．classical adj.古典的；经典的2．soul n．灵魂；心灵3．virtual adj.很接近的；事实上的；虚拟的4．opportunity n．机会；时机5．onto prep.(朝)向6．ordinary adj.普通的；平凡的7．award vt.授予 n．奖品8．stage n．(发展或进展的)时期；阶段；(多指剧场中的)舞台9．altogether adv.(用以强调)全部；总共10．thus adv.如此；因此11．band n．乐队；带子12．nowadays adv.现在；目前13．previous adj.先前的；以往的14．impact n．巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力15．aim n．目的；目标 vi.& vt.力求达到；力争做到；瞄准 vt.目的是；旨在16．disease n．(疾)病17．ache vi.& n．疼痛18．moreover adv.而且；此外19．being n．身心；存在；生物20．somehow adv.以某种方式(或方法)；不知怎么地Ⅲ.拓展单词1．energy n．能源；能量；精力→energetic adj.精力充沛的2．composition n．成分；(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品→compose v．组成；作曲；撰写→composer n．作曲者，作曲家3．perform vi.& vt.表演；履行；执行→performance n．表演；演技；表现→performer n．表演者；演员4．enable vt.使能够；使可能→able adj.有能力的→ability n．能力→disable vt.使丧失能力；使残疾→disability n．残疾；缺陷→unable adj.不能的；没有能力的5．prove vt.证明；展现→proof n．证据6．original adj.原来的；独创的；原作的 n．原件；原作→originally adv.最初；原来→origin n．起源；出身7．gradual adj.逐渐的；渐进的→gradually adv.逐渐地8．capable adj.有能力的；有才能的→incapable adj.没有能力的→capacity n．容量；能力9．relief n．(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱→relieve vt.减轻；缓解→relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的10．cure vt.治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问题) n．药物；治疗；(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施→curable adj.可治愈的→incurable adj.不可治愈的11．unemployed adj.失业的；待业的→employ vt.雇用；利用→employment n．就业；使用；雇用；工作→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员12．romantic adj.浪漫的 n．浪漫的人→romance n．浪漫气氛；爱情故事；爱情13．equipment n．设备；装备→equip vt.装备；配备14．talent n．天才；天资；天赋→talented adj.有天赋的；天才的15．piano n．钢琴→pianist n．钢琴家16．assume vt.以为；假设→assumption n．假设；推断→assuming conj.假设；假定17．addition n．添加；加法；增加物→additional adj.附加的；另外的→add vt.添加；增加18．treatment n．治疗；对待；处理→treat vt.治疗；对待；招待 n．乐趣；款待19．satisfaction n．满足；满意；欣慰→satisfy vt.使满意→satisfied adj.满意的→satisfying adj.令人满意的→satisfactory adj.令人满意的20．various adj.各种不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性→vary v．变化21．reaction n．反应；回应→react vi.(对……)作出反应Ⅳ. 拔高词汇1．exclaim /Ik'skleIm/ vi.& vt.惊叫；呼喊2．illusion /I'luːʒn/ n．幻想；假象；错觉3．exalt /Iɡ'zɔːlt/ vt.表扬；褒扬；提拔4．chilly /'tʃIli/ adj.寒冷的；阴冷的；冷淡的5．arrogance /'ærəɡəns/ n．傲慢；自大→arrogant /'ærəɡənt/ adj.傲慢的；自大的6．terrific /tə'rIfIk/ adj.极好的；绝妙的；很大的7．prosperous /'prɒspərəs/ adj.繁荣的；成功的；兴旺的→prosper /'prɒspə(r)/ vi.繁荣；兴旺；成功8．stick with坚持；紧跟9．exclusive /Ik'skluːsIv/ adj.独有的；专有的；排外的 n．独家新闻；独家报道10．controversial /ˌkɒntrə'vɜːʃl/ adj.引起争论的；有争议的Ⅴ.背核心短语1．fall in love with爱上2．absorbed in sth/sb 被……吸引住；专心致志3．set sth up安装好(设备或机器)4．try out参加……选拔(或试演)5．in addition (to sb/sth) 除……以外(还)6．from (then) on从(那)时起7．get through (设法)处理；完成8．touch one’s heart/soul 触动某人的心灵9．enable sb to do sth 使某人能够做某事10．have an impact on...对……有影响Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone.(while引导的时间状语从句)想象一下，独自在家时，你有机会可以与数百人一起引吭高歌。2．Moved by this music，he said，“It was like seeing color for the first time.”(过去分词短语作原因状语)他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。”3．Music is the medicine of the mind.(暗喻)音乐是心灵的良药。4．It spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being.(拟人)它(音乐)使我的内心深受鼓舞。5．During those times，music can help you in the same way that it helped me.(way作先行词的定语从句)在那时，音乐可以帮助你，就像它曾经帮助我一样。6．Given my inexperience，I chose a fairly simple composition.(独立成分作状语)考虑到我缺乏经验，我选择了一部相当简单的作品。Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 award n．奖，奖品；奖金；助学金 vt.授予；判给；奖励(1)I often dream of performing on a wonderful stage and winning an award for my performance.(2)得知您被授予一等奖，我写信向您表示衷心的祝贺。(应用文写作之祝贺信)Learning that you were awarded first prize，I am writing to express my heartfelt congratulations to you.(3)我很荣幸能在今天的颁奖典礼上发表演讲，看到这么多才华横溢的演员赢得他们梦寐以求的奖项，我也感动得流下了眼泪。I am honored to deliver a speech at today’s awards ceremony and seeing so many talented performers win their dream awards，I am also moved to tears. relief n．(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；减轻痛苦的事物；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱；救济 (relieve v．减轻，缓解 relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的)(1)It is your considerate comfort and generous help that relieved us of the tense depression.(2)令我们松了一口气的是，直升机在那只熊把围栏拆掉之前到达了。To our relief/To the relief of us，the helicopter arrived before the bear tore down the fence.(3)得知走丢的孩子们安然无恙地回到了家，所有在场的人都松了口气。Knowing the missing children returned home safe and sound，all people present breathed a sigh of relief/sighed with/in relief. cure n．药物；治疗；痊愈；治疗方法；(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施 vt.治愈；解决(问题)；治好(疾病)；纠正/去除(弊端等)(treat v．治疗；对待；招待 n．乐趣，款待 treatment n．治疗；处理；对待)(1)Music has a magic power to bring relief and satisfaction，and thus it can be a cure for some diseases.(2)我最尊敬的人是我的英语老师，他耐心地帮助我矫正了不良的学习习惯。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)The person I respect most is my English teacher who patiently helped to cure me of my bad learning habits.(3)自从他被诊断出患有这种疾病以来，他一直在接受治疗，但似乎没有什么能治愈这种罕见的疾病，这让他陷入了深深的绝望。Ever since he was diagnosed with the disease，he has been under treatment，but nothing seems to cure him of the rare disease，which puts him deep in despair. aim n．目的；目标 vi.& vt.瞄准；力求达到；力争做到 vt.目的是；旨在(aimless adj.无目的的)(1)Our school performed a survey among all the students，aiming to find(find) out their opinions about setting up an English Corner.(2)我抓住一块石头，把它瞄准狼，试图把狼吓走。(读后续写之动作链描写)I seized a stone and aimed it at the wolf，attempting to scare the wolf away.(3)我写信的目的是向您表示衷心的感谢。(应用文写作之感谢信)I am writing with the aim of expressing my heartfelt gratitude to you.(4)为了丰富学生的学校生活，上周末我们学校举办了一个主题为“了解我们周围的植物”的活动。(2023·浙江1月·应用文写作)Aimed at enriching the students’ school life，an activity with the theme “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” was held in our school last weekend.(过去分词作状语) satisfaction n．满足；满意；欣慰(satisfy vt.使满意；满足 satisfied adj.满意的 satisfactory adj.令人满意的 satisfying adj.令人满意的)(1)To my satisfaction(satisfy)，my son finally found a satisfactory/satisfying(satisfy) job.My son was satisfied to work(work) in the factory.(2)Judging from his unsatisfied expression，we realized that our performance was far from satisfactory/satisfying.(satisfy)(3)最终，我的努力得到了回报——我获得了A，这给了我极大的满足感。Finally，my hard work paid off—I was awarded an A，which gave me a great sense of satisfaction.(4)你们的旅行社曾作出“保证满意”的承诺，可是事实上没有一个游客对你们的服务满意。(应用文写作之投诉信)Your travel agency had promised “Satisfaction Guaranteed”，but as a matter of fact，none of the tourists was satisfied with your service. get through (设法)处理；完成；打通(电话)；通过；用完；耗尽；熬过(困难时期)用get的相关短语填空Learning that you have difficulty (1)getting used to your new school life，I am writing with the aim of offering you some tips.Firstly，why not (2)get down to taking part in some interest groups so that you can find friends with similar interest？In addition，you can turn to the school adviser who can help (3)get over/get through your hardships.Last but not least，if you communicate with your classmates sincerely，you will (4)get your meaning across.In brief，follow the above suggestions，and thus，you can (5)get along well with your classmates as soon as possible.(应用文写作之建议信) 修辞手法之暗喻和拟人在读后续写中的运用 Music is the medicine of the mind.音乐是心灵的良药。(暗喻)It spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being.它(音乐)使我的内心深受鼓舞。(拟人)先欣赏(1)(暗喻)我如鲠在喉，泪水模糊了我的眼眶。(情感描写)I felt a lump in my throat，tears clouding my eyes.(2)(暗喻)小男孩狼吞虎咽。(动作描写)The little boy wolfed down the food.(3)(暗喻、拟人)羽毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成一幅美丽的图画。(景物描写)The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air，making a beautiful picture.(4)(拟人)我气得说不出话来。(情感描写)Anger choked my words.再运用(5)(暗喻)爱是太阳，把冬天从人的脸上驱走。(读后续写之升华句)Love is the sun that drives winter from the human face.(6)(暗喻)生活是一条未被涉足的河流，充满各种曲折。(读后续写之升华句)Life is an unexplored river，full of twists and turns.(7)(拟人)夜空中星星向我眨眼。(景物描写)Stars winked at me in the night sky. way作先行词的定语从句 　During those times，music can help you in the same way that it helped me.在那时，音乐可以帮助你，就像它曾经帮助我一样。(1)我几乎要崩溃了，这时我爸爸想出一个我们能够返回叔叔的农舍的好方法。I was almost on the edge of breaking down when my dad came up with a good way (that/in which) we could return to my uncle’s farmhouse.(2)事实上，有很多方法对我们的英语学习大有裨益，但重要的是找到一种最适合我们的方法。(2022·全国乙，书面表达)As a matter of fact，there are a wide range of ways that/which are of great benefit to our English learning，but what is important is to find one that suits us best.·keep/lose (one’s) balance保持/失去(某人的)平衡keep a balance between A and B在A和B之间保持平衡·balance...against权衡，比较·set a limit to/on限制……beyond the limit超过限度There is a/no limit to (to为介词)...……是有限的/无限的。·limit...to...把……限定在……范围内·make contributions/a contribution to对……做出贡献；捐款·contribute...to...把……贡献给……contribute to(to为介词)有助于；导致；是……的一个原因；捐款；投稿·attempt to do...尝试(试图)做……·make an attempt to do/at doing...尝试做……at the first attempt第一次尝试There comes a time when...可看成是一种语序倒装形式，即here，there等副词置于句首且主语是名词时，要把谓语动词提到主语前边；也可看成是there be句型的变体，即用其他动词如come，stand，lie，live，appear等代替be动词。not only...but also...不仅……而且……，连接两个平行结构，当连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据but also 后的名词决定单复数(就近原则)；而且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。·be/become aware of sth/that...知道，明白……；意识到……·arouse/improve/strengthen one’s awareness of...唤起/提高/增强某人……的意识·as far as...be concerned就……而言be concerned about/for对……担心/关心be concerned with与……有关·show/express concern for/about对……表示关心adapt oneself to (doing) sth 使自己适应……adapt A from B 将B改编成A·measure...by...用……来度量……·make...to sb’s measure给某人量身定做……take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起(类似的人或物)remind sb that...提醒某人……remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事·intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事，计划做某事intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事had intended to do sth (＝intended to have done sth)本打算做某事(但事实上没做)be intended for专门为……准备/打算；专为……而设计be intended to do sth 打算做某事·with the intention of目的是……·exist in＝lie in/consist in存在于……exist on＝live on靠……生存/存活There exist(s)...某地有……；存在……·come into existence产生；成立；开始存在·die away (声音、光等)逐渐减弱；消失die of/from因……而死die down逐渐平息；逐渐暗淡die off相继死去·be dying for sth 渴望得到某物be dying to do sth 渴望去做某事·search sb/sp搜查某人/某地search...for...为了找到……而搜查……·in search of＝in one’s search for寻找This/That is why...这/那就是……的原因(why引导的从句表示结果)This/That is because...这/那是因为……(because引导的从句表示原因)The reason why...is that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句)在英语句子中，为了表示强调，把“only＋状语(副词/介词短语/状语从句)”置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形式，即“Only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语＋其他”。注意：当only修饰状语不位于句首或位于句首的only修饰的不是状语，而是主语时，均不倒装。·It is convenient for sb to do sth. 某人方便做某事。·at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候at your earliest convenience(正式用语)(书信用语)尽早；尽快for convenience为了方便起见·for the benefit of sb ＝for one’s benefit为了某人的利益·benefit from/by...从……中受益/获益·be beneficial to...＝be of benefit to...对……有益；对……有利in the distance在远处at/from a distance隔一段距离；从远处at a distance of在……远的地方keep sb at a distance对某人冷淡；与某人疏远within walking distance走着就能到·access to...……的通路；利用……的权利·have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入·be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的·on account of由于，因为on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)take account of(＝take...into account/consideration)考虑到……，把……考虑进去give an account of...叙述/描述……·account for说明；做出解释；占……(比例)·be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安·What upsets sb is...让某人心烦的是……It upsets sb to do sth/that...做某事让人心烦/让某人心烦的是……sb be familiar with sth某人熟悉某物sth be familiar to sb某物为某人所熟知in case以防万一in this/that case假使这样/那样的话in case of...万一……，如果发生……in any case无论如何；总之in no case决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)as is often the case这是常有的事go over复习；(仔细)检查go out出去；熄灭go against违背；违反go up上涨；上升go ahead前进；开始做；(用于祈使句)干吧，说吧，请吧go without没有……也可应付；将就go by (时间)流逝；过去此句型为“the more...the more/less...越……就越/就越不……”。这是一个复合句，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。此句型中的比较级代表的是形容词或副词的比较级。主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。若主句的时态用一般将来时，则从句的时态要用一般现在时表示将来。surround...with...用……包围……be surrounded by/with被……包围·charge sb with (doing) sth ＝accuse sb of (doing) sth 指控某人犯……罪charge sb money for sth 因某事/物收某人钱charge at向……发起冲锋，扑向·free of charge＝for free免费in charge of掌管(表状态)take charge of掌管(表动作)in the charge of被……掌管；由……负责·announce sth to sb向某人宣布某事It is announced that...据宣布……as is announced...正如宣布的那样……·make an announcement (to sb)(向某人)发通知·the amount of...……的数量“大量/少量的”表达：a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)·amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于·an approach to (doing) sth (做某事的)方法/途径at the approach of...在快到……的时候·with...approaching在……快到的时候·be eager to do sth 渴望做某事be eager for sth 渴望得到某物·with eagerness＝eagerly热切地；急切地hide one’s eagerness掩饰某人的渴望a sense of belonging归属感注意：belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语时要使用doing形式，用法相同的短语还有date back to(追溯到)，consist of(包括)，take place(发生)等。·as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词，通常不位于句首。作“也，还”解，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与as well as前面的主语保持一致(就远原则)。·用作介词时，as well as相当于besides，in addition to，意思为“除……之外”，后面通常接名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时。if any(如果有的话)是一个省略句，相当于if (there is/are) any...。if not如果不是这样的话if so如果是这样的话if ever如果曾有的话if necessary如果有必要的话if possible如果可能的话with的复合结构在句中作状语和定语，主要包括：·with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作)·with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)·with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)·with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.·win/receive/get an award for sth 因……而得奖take up an award接受奖项·award sth to sb ＝award sb sth 授予/判给某人某物award sb for sth 因为某事而奖励某人·in/with relief欣慰地，释然地；松了口气to one’s relief(＝to the relief of sb)让某人宽慰的是·relieve sb of...将某人从……中解脱出来；帮助某人减轻(负担)·a cure for...……的治疗方法；治愈……的方法·cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病；矫正/改正某人的不良行为·under treatment 治疗中·with the aim of有……的目的·aim at瞄准；力求达到……aim sth at sb/sth 用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aim to do.../be aimed at doing...旨在……；目的是……be aimed at目的是；旨在·with satisfaction满意地to one’s satisfaction令某人满意的是·be satisfied with sth/sb 对某事/某人感到满意be satisfied to do sth 对做某事感到满意get down to doing sth 开始着手做某事get used to (doing) sth 习惯于做某事get along (well/badly)with 和……相处(得好/坏)；进展(得好/坏)get over克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来get across(使)被理解；把……讲清楚在读后续写中可以适当采用暗喻和拟人的修辞手法，让故事更加生动传神。暗喻表示把某事物比拟成和它有相似关系的另一种事物，不用like，as等比喻词；拟人表示把事物进行人格化。·way后面的定语从句不缺主语和宾语时，定语从句用in which或that引导，也可省略关系词。·当the/a way后面的定语从句缺少主语或宾语时，关系词用that或which，作宾语时可省略关系词。