2025年高考英语精品教案选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION

这是一份2025年高考英语精品教案选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION，共18页。

基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. tale n.故事；叙述
2. withdraw vi.& vt.（过去式 withdrew ；过去分词 withdrawn ） （使）撤回；撤离
3. bnd n.纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
4. laptp n.笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
5. tax vt.对……征税；使纳税 n.税；税款
6. underwater adv.在水下 adj.水下的
7. meanwhile adv.与此同时； （比较两方面）对比之下
8. arrest n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→ extensin n.扩大；延伸→ extensive adj.广泛的；广阔的
2. negtiate vt.商定；达成（协议） vi.谈判；磋商；协商→ negtiatin n.谈判；协商
3. prfessin n.职业；行业→ prfessinal adj.专业的；职业的n.职业运动员→ prfessinally adv.专业地；内行地→ prfessr n.教授
4. mix vt.& vi.（使）混合；调配→ mixed adj.混合的→ mixture n.混合；结合体；混合物
5. cver vt.覆盖；报道→ cverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围
6. applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌vt.称赞；赞赏→ applause n.鼓掌；掌声
7. migrate vi.移居；移动；迁移→ migratin n.迁移；迁徙；移居
8. mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→ merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的
9. pssess vt.拥有；具有；支配→ pssessin n.[pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制
10. ppse vt.反对→ ppsed adj.强烈反对的；对立的→ ppsite adj.对面的；相反的 n.对立面prep.与……相对→ ppnent n.对手；反对者
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.merchant n. 商人；批发商 adj. 海上货运的
2.fleet n. 舰队；机群；车队
3.behld vt. 看；看见
4.league n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛
5.ryal adj. 皇家的；高贵的
6.spice n. （调味）香料
7.channel n. 航道；海峡；频道
8.turnament n. 锦标赛；联赛
9.manned adj. 有人控制的；需人操纵的
10.capsule n. 胶囊；太空舱
11.cral n. 珊瑚
12.explit vt. 开发；利用
13.murder vt.& n. 谋杀
14.lg vt. 把……载入正式记录；记录 n. 正式记录；日志；原木
15.marine adj. 海的；海产的
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. reach ut 伸（手）；伸手（拿……）
2. withdraw frm 退出；撤回
3. in hand 在手头；可供使用
4. search fr 寻找；搜寻
5. a mixture ……与……的混合
6. under the cmmand f 在……的指挥下
7. fr the benefit f 为了……的利益
8.set sail 起航；开航
9.in a league f ne’s wn 独领风骚
10.press cnference 记者招待会；新闻发布会
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1. T cmplete the great map f the wrld was a strng passin fr the peple f early civilizatins.（动词不定式作主语）
绘制世界大地图是早期文明人们的强烈愿望。
2. The aim f this initiative is t encurage cperatin and trade acrss the histric Silk Rad areas， and strengthen the bnds between China and the rest f the wrld. （The t d...）
这一倡议的目的是鼓励史上著名的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，加强中国与世界其他地区的联系。
3.Frm a scientific pint f view， there is an urgent need t study the Arctic in rder t understand climate change and its effects.（There is an urgent need t d sth.）
从科学的角度来看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
4.We need t understand what is happening t ur planet s that we can take actin .（s that引导的目的状语从句）
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们能够采取行动。
5.Hpefully， as technlgy imprves ， we may have mre ptins fr managing this balance.（as引导的时间状语从句）
希望随着技术的进步，我们可以有更多的选择来应对这种平衡。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.The plice had him arrested and sent him t jail.
2.May I use yur laptp t submit a frm？ Mine was left hme.
3.A bnd f friendship has been frmed between the tw girls after the cmpetitin.
4.The drug was withdrawn frm sale after a number f peple suffered serius side effects.
5.The dctr will see yu again next mnth. Meanwhile ， yu must take these pills nce a day.
6.Mst parents tell fairy tales t their children befre sleeping.
7.Take a deep breath and see hw lng yu can stay underwater .
8.The gvernment is making effrts t cut dwn n tax（es） fr lcal cmpanies.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Sme peple think that ppnents nly give them pressure， while thers are ppsed t the idea and believe they can bring the ppsite effect. （ppse）
2.The prfessr gave us such a prfessinal intrductin abut his prfessin .（prfessin）
3.The girl wh pssesses the qualities f intelligence and creativity has accumulated a great many pssessins . Nwadays， she is in pssessin f tw famus firms.（pssess）
4.I came hme frm the meeting with mixed feelings. It was a mixture f excitement and nervusness.（mix）
5.The audience brke int applause . They kept applauding until the next perfrmer walked nt the stage.（applaud）
6. The issue is still under negtiatin （negtiate）.
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
withdraw frmin hand search fr
fr the benefit f under the cmmand f
1.It happens that we are searching fr a new team cach. Wuld yu like t cme？
2.We need mre peple t wrk fr the benefit f the cmmunity.
3.The three classes are all under the cmmand f Mr Brwn， s he must be respnsible fr everyne.
4.If yu apply yurself t the jb in hand ， yu’ll sn finish it.
5.She had kind f expected him t withdraw frm the curse， because it was bviusly beynd his reach.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.早睡很重要，尤其当你第二天有考试时。（动词不定式作主语）
T sleep early is f great significance especially when yu have a test the next day.
2.演讲比赛的目的是唤起学生节约粮食的意识。（The t d...）
The aim f the speech cntest is t aruse the students’ awareness f saving fd.
3.迫切需要教育人们垃圾分类的重要性。（There is an urgent need t d sth.）
There is an urgent need t educate peple abut the significance f garbage classificatin.
4.我们所有人都应该感激我们所拥有的，这样我们才能过上幸福的生活。（s that引导的目的状语从句）
All f us shuld be grateful fr what we have s that we can live a happy life .
5.他在森林里迷了路，随着夜幕降临，他感到非常害怕和孤独。（as引导的时间状语从句）
He had lst his way in the frest and as darkness fell he felt very frightened and lnely.
1.Lng befre Marc Pl’s tales inspired Eurpean explrers， merchants and explrers had set sail frm east t west. The Silk Rad acrss the sea was even extended t the Indian Ocean apart frm the verland rute. There， merchants met t negtiate trade deals. In the Ming Dynasty， Zheng He set sail t the east cast f Africa. African ryal families sent gifts in return fr silk and spices. Althugh China withdrew frm further expeditins later， these sea rutes remained active channels. The histric Silk Rad nw helps t strengthen the plitical， ecnmic and cultural bnds between China and ther cuntries. With the latest technlgy in hand， China is reaching ut acrss the sea far int the future.
2.Sme peple argue that explring the sea is nt expliting it. Hwever， sme cuntries are still "murdering" intelligent marine creatures like whales withut mercy accrding t media cverage. The sea is hme t life， nt human beings’ pssessins. All f us in any prfessin shuld prtect it. Meanwhile， sme ppnents applaud sea explratin， believing that t understand it is t better prtect it.
1 extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；扩大……的范围（或影响）；给予 vi.包括；涉及（范围）
1.[人教选必①－5]The cmprised f tw large tunnels that were intended t ne day becme an extensin （extend） f the Lndn Undergrund.
2.Everyne was impressed by his extensive （extend） knwledge f music.
3.《史记》共52万余字，涉及3 000多年的历史，分为五部分，共130篇。
Ttalling ver 520，000 Chinese characters and extending ver a perid f mre than 3，000 years ， Recrds f the Histrian cnsists f 130 chapters in five categries.
4.我很荣幸代表我们班向您发出邀请。（邀请信）
It is my hnur t extend an invitatin t yu n behalf f ur class.
2 negtiate vt.商定；达成（协议） vi.谈判；磋商；协商
1.[译林选必④－2]Fr example， if yu are a business persn negtiating with a large enterprise abut/fr a deal， yu shuld d it face t face， using frmal language in a straightfrward manner.
2.The prblem is s tugh that it is still under negtiatin （negtiate）.
3.参加这次活动提高了我们的谈判技巧，培养了我们的团队精神。（活动意义）
Participatin in the activity （has） imprved ur negtiatin skills and built ur team spirit.
3 mercy n.仁慈，宽恕；恩惠，幸运
1.[译林选必④－1]A ship withut an anchr is at the mercy f the waves and winds...
2.She was such a merciful （mercy） wman that she ften distributed fd and clthing t the hmeless.
3.他们在海里漂了一整天之后，大自然对他们展示了些许怜悯。（读后续写之情境描写）
→①Nature shwed a little mercy t them/had a little mercy n them after they had flated n the sea fr a whle day. （mercy）
→②Nature was a little merciful t them after they had flated n the sea fr a whle day.（merciful）
4 pssessin n.拥有；控制；[usually pl.]个人财产
1.[人教选必④－4]The nly pssessins （pssess） I culd see were ne brm， a few saucers， a kettle， cups， pans， and a cuple f jars.
2.The pssessin （pssess） f a passprt is essential fr freign travel.
3.Yu can succeed nly when yu have a gd md.
→ Only when yu are in pssessin f a gd md can yu succeed. （倒装；词汇升级）
4.作为中国四大名著之一，这本书具有极大的智慧和中文的精髓，值得一读。（推介信）
Regarded as ne f the fur famus Chinese classics f literature， the bk pssesses great wisdm and the essence f Chinese， which makes it wrthwhile t read.（pssess）
5 in hand 在手头；可供使用（available）；在掌握中
1.in hand hand in hand hand ut by hand
①[人教必修①－1]Every Wednesday，we wrk at a sup kitchen and hand ut fd t hmeless peple in the cmmunity.
②[人教选必①－5]Peanuts are planted in April r May. It takes arund 120 t 160 days fr them t be ready fr harvesting. This is usually dne by hand .
③[人教选必②－3]What we can say， hwever， is that culture and cuisine g hand in hand ， and if yu d nt experience ne， yu can never really knw the ther.
④[人教选必④－3]With lts f fd and drink in hand ， they set ff fr their picnic.
2.一方面，他们想要孩子；另一方面，他们又不想放弃自由自在的生活。
On the ne hand ， they’d lve t have kids； n the ther （hand） ， they dn’t want t give up their freedm.
3.[人教必修③－3]它们可以让从未到过中国的游客亲自体验中国传统文化。
They allw visitrs wh have never been t China t experience traditinal Chinese culture （at） first hand .
6 reach ut伸出（手）
1.[外研选必①－6]Cuna Lake is s clse t the railway that I want t reach ut and tuch its pale blue mirrr-like surface.
2.[外研选必④－6]The sacrifice f the Challenger calls t us， reminding us that we must cntinue t reach fr the stars， n matter hw distant they might seem.
3.尽管Meredith一家并不富裕，但他们总是愿意力所能及地向他人伸出援手。（人物介绍）
Althugh the Merediths weren’t well ff， they were always willing t reach ut t thers within their reach .
7 There is an urgent need t d sth. 迫切需要做某事。
1.There is n pint pushing （push） them t practice unless they are talented and they enjy it.
2.It’s n use crying ver spilt milk.[谚语翻译]
覆水难收/后悔也于事无补。
3.全球变暖已经成为海洋生物的一大威胁，迫切需要我们尽一切努力来对抗全球变暖。（保护海洋）
There is an urgent need fr us t try every means t fight against glbal warming which has becme a great threat t sea creatures.
4.[人教选必④－4]毫无疑问，这些活动将给你留下难忘的回忆。 （活动总结）
There is n dubt that these activities will leave yu with unfrgettable memries.
8 as引导的从句
1.我的所有队员都对这次比赛感到兴奋，因为我们对计算机编程有着极大的热情。
All my team members are excited abut this cmpetitin as we have great enthusiasm fr cmputer prgramming .
2.虽然我们很累，但我们感到很放松，对运动也变得更加热情。
Tired as we were ， we felt relaxed and we became mre passinate abut sprts.
3.我们都知道，没有付出就没有收获。（读后续写之主旨升华）
As we all knw， n pain， n gain.
4.然而，随着比赛的进行，我变得非常疲惫，再也跟不上其他选手了。
Hwever， as the race went n ， I became extremely tired and culdn’t keep up with ther racers any mre.
5.汤姆很聪明，他完全按照老师教他的那样做了。
Tm was s intelligent that he did exactly as the teacher had taught him .
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配
1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]When I handed in the essay t my teacher， he read it， laughed ut lud， and said， "Great. Nw， write it again."
2.[2022全国甲]Thrughut her career（职业） as a prfessinal （prfessin） dancer， she tured in the UK， but always lnged t explre further.
3.[2021新高考Ⅰ]Jeff brke tw eggs int a plate and added in sme milk. Jenna fund the bread and put tw slices int the egg mixture （mix）.
4.[全国Ⅲ]If yu are in need f a deadline extensin （extend）， simply explain the situatin t the prfessr.
5.[浙江高考] stepped ft nt UCR’s campus， where ver 400 rganizatins exist， ranging frm plitical （plitics） rganizatins t karate club.
6.[江苏高考]When he selects news f the ther kind， he usually withdraws frm the wrld f threatening reality tward the dream wrld.
Ⅱ.阅读理解—— 一词多义、熟词生义
1.[2020全国Ⅱ]It was a special time t bnd with my children and it filled them with the wnderment f bks. v.增强亲密关系
2.[天津高考]Bldness — a willingness t extend yurself t the extreme — is nt ne that can be acquired vernight. v.使竭尽全力
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——保护海洋
[2022全国甲]你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.海洋的重要性；
2.保护海洋的倡议。
◎写作要点
1.海洋面积约占地球的四分之三，对全球气候至关重要。（extend）
Extending abut three quarters f the planet， ceans are crucial fr the glbal climate.
2.海洋生物也为我们提供了丰富的资源和食物。（marine）
Marine life als prvides abundant resurces and fd fr us.
3.我们有责任保护海洋，而不是将海洋视为任由人类摆布的财产。（pssessin，mercy）
It’s ur respnsibility t prtect ceans instead f regarding them as ur pssessins that can be at the mercy f humankind.
4.利用手头可用的先进技术，尽我们所能做出改变。（in hand）
D whatever we can with advanced technlgies in hand t make a difference.
5.同时，我们也应该呼吁周围的人采取行动。（meanwhile）
Meanwhile， we’re suppsed t call n peple arund us t take actin， t.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Our Oceans， Our Respnsibility
June 8th was fficially named by the UN in 2009 as Wrld Oceans Day. It aims t raise peple’s awareness f prtecting ceans.
It ges withut saying that ceans play a critical rle in the wrld. Extending abut three quarters f the planet， ceans are crucial fr the glbal climate. In additin， marine life als prvides abundant resurces and fd fr us.
It’s ur respnsibility t prtect ceans instead f regarding them as ur pssessins that can be at the mercy f humankind. First f all， d whatever we can with advanced technlgies in hand t make a difference. Fr example， stp thrwing garbage int ceans. Meanwhile， we’re suppsed t call n peple arund us t take actin， t. I believe we will have cleaner ceans.
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之各种"程度"
一、阅读理解
A
[2024天星原创]One f the cean’s nisiest creatures is smaller than yu’d expect — snapping shrimp（鼓虾）. They create a widespread backgrund nise in the underwater envirnment， which helps them cmmunicate， defend territries and hunt fr fd. When enugh shrimp snap（发出噼啪声） at nce， the nise can dminate the sundscape f castal waters.
Aran Mney， a bilgist at Wds Hle Oceangraphic Institutin， suggested that with increased cean temperatures， snapping shrimp will snap mre ften and luder than befre. This culd raise the backgrund nise f the glbal cean. "They make a sund by clsing a claw s fast. This makes a bubble（泡泡） and when that bubble expldes， it makes that snapping sund，" said Mney.
Mney detected a strng relatinship between warmer waters and deafening， mre frequent snapping shrimp sunds by experimenting with the shrimp in tanks in the lab and by listening t the shrimp in the cean at varius water temperatures. "As the temperature rises， the snap rate increases，" he said. This makes sense because shrimp are essentially cld-blded animals， meaning their bdy temperature and activity levels are largely cntrlled by their living envirnment. "We can actually shw in the field that nt nly d snap rates increase， but the sund levels increase as well，" he said.
Hw the luder snapping shrimp wuld bther r benefit the surrundings remained t be seen. "We knw that fish use sund t cmmunicate，" Mney said. "If the envirnment gets nisy， it has the ptential t influence that cmmunicatin. That’s smething we have t fllw up n." There is als the pssibility that the change f snapping shrimp disturbs instruments humans use t detect mines， which culd have implicatins fr natinal defense.
本文是说明文。鼓虾是一种体型很小却能发出很大声音的海洋生物，随着气候变暖及海水升温，鼓虾发出的声音也日益增大，这可能会影响其他海洋生物和人类。
1. What can we knw abut the snapping shrimp’s sund？
A. It has multiple uses.
B. It is vital t the ecsystem.
C. It is hard t be detected.
D. It aims t prtect the shrimp.
解析 A 细节理解题。由第一段中的"They create a widespread backgrund helps them cmmunicate， defend territries and hunt fr fd"可知，鼓虾发出的声音有助于它们交流、保卫领土和寻找食物，即其声音有多种作用，故本题选A。
2. Hw des Mney reach the cnclusin？
A. By bserving snapping shrimp in the field.
B. By recrding snap rates in the lab.
C. By analyzing the way shrimp make nise.
D. By cmparing shrimp’s sund in different places.
解析 D 推理判断题。由第三段的"Mney detected a strng relatinship between warmer in the lab and by listening t the shrimp in the cean at varius water temperatures"可知，Mney通过实验室的水箱用鼓虾做实验，并听海洋中各种水温里的鼓虾发出的声音，发现了温暖的水域与震耳欲聋、更频繁的鼓虾声之间的密切关系，即他通过对比不同地点鼓虾发出的声音得出了结论，所以本题选D。
3. What might Mney research next？
A. Applicatins f shrimp’s sund.
B. Impacts f the nise n ther creatures.
C. Means f cmmunicatin amng fish.
D. Methds f preventing shrimp’s snapping.
解析 B 推理判断题。最后一段提到吵闹的鼓虾会如何干扰或有益于周围环境还有待观察。如果环境变得嘈杂，它有可能影响鱼类之间的交流，Mney认为这是他们必须跟进的研究。还有一种可能性是，鼓虾发出的声音变大会干扰人类用来探测水雷的仪器。由此可推断，Mney接下来可能会研究鼓虾发出的声音对其他生物的影响，故本题选B。
4. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text？
A. Underwater Wrld Is N Lnger Quiet
B. Small Animals Make a Big Difference
C. Warming Oceans Are Getting Luder
D. Snapping Shrimp’s Nise Speaks Much
解析 C 标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了随着气候变暖及海水温度升高，鼓虾发出的声音也日益增大，发出声音的频率也增加，这可能会影响其他海洋生物和人类。C项"变暖的海洋变得更吵闹"形象贴切地总结了文章内容，做本文的标题最佳。
B
[2023河南名校联考]Scientists have discvered what they believe is the wrld’s largest plant， an underwater field f sea grass that stretches fr 112 miles ff the west cast f Australia. This huge meadw（草地） has spread widely all thrugh Shark Bay. The sea grass plant is believed t be arund 4， 500 years ld.
Many plants create new plants by grwing flwers and spreading seeds. The DNA f the plants that grw frm these seeds is slightly different frm the DNA f the plants that the seeds came frm. By cmparing the DNA frm their samples， the scientists hped t get an idea f hw many different sea grass plants there were in the meadw.
What they learned shcked them — all f the grass samples had almst exactly the same DNA. That meant that they were all just ne plant， ne big sea grass plant spreading ut ver 77 square miles. This makes it the largest knwn plant in the wrld by far.
S hw has the Shark Bay sea grass grwn s large？ Instead f spreading with flwers and seeds， it spreads by clning（克隆） itself. As its rts spread ut under the sea flr， new plants sht up frm thse rts.
The sea grass in Shark Bay is als unusual in anther way. It’s a "plyplid". Usually， an rganism（有机体） has tw parents， and gets half f its DNA frm each. But plyplid rganisms have all f the DNA frm bth parents， meaning they have twice as much DNA. The scientists think the extra DNA may make it easier fr the sea grass t survive in difficult cnditins.
The Shark Bay sea grass generally grws and spreads abut 14 inches a year. Because f the histry f Shark Bay and the rate f grwth， the scientists believe that the plant is abut 4， 500 years ld.
本文是一篇说明文。科学家们发现了他们认为世界上最大的植物：澳大利亚西海岸绵延1.12英里的一片水下海草田。这片巨大的草地遍布鲨鱼湾。这种海草被认为大约有4500年的历史。
1.Why did the scientists cmpare the DNA f the sea plants？
A. T find ways t prtect sea plants.
B. T discver the diversity f sea plants.
C. T identify the ldest plants in the sea.
D. T explre the unknwn cean resurces.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句"By cmparing the DNA frm their samples， the scientists hped t get an idea f hw many different sea grass plants there were in the meadw"可知，科学家比较海洋植物的DNA是为了发现海洋植物的多样性，故选B。
2. What can we learn abut the sea grass in Shark Bay？
A. Its DNA cannt be clned.
B. It blms and bears many seeds.
C. Its rts are a cnnected whle.
D. It is the fastest grwing grass in the wrld.
解析 C 推理判断题。由第四段最后一句"As its rts spread ut under the sea flr， new plants sht up frm thse rts"可推知，鲨鱼湾的海草的根是一个相连的整体，故选C。
3. What is ne f the advantages f plyplid rganisms？
A. Gaining the ability t grw bigger.
B. Getting parts f the parents’ DNA.
C. Having an advantage ver any ther sea plant.
D. Being mre adaptable t tugh cnditins.
解析 D 细节理解题。由第五段最后一句"The scientists think the extra DNA may make it easier fr the sea grass t survive in difficult cnditins"可知，多倍体生物的优点之一是更能适应恶劣的环境，故选D。
4. What is the main idea f this text？
A. Genetic changes in sea grass.
B. The eclgical status f the sea flr.
C. Scientists fund wrld’s largest plant.
D. New underwater grass is discvered.
解析 C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段第一句"Scientists have discvered what they believe is the wrld’s largest plant， an underwater field f sea grass that stretches fr 1.12 miles ff the west cast f Australia"为文章的主题句，下面内容是围绕该句展开的，由此可知，C项切题。
二、完形填空
Fr mre than a century， fishermen in Laguna， Brazil， have caught fish with the help f bttlense dlphins.
The dlphins push schls f fish in the 1 f the shre and then jump ut f the water， 2 t the fishermen t rapidly cast ut their nets. The fishermen make a large catch， and 3 ， the dlphins lk arund fr the fish that have missed the fishing nets — a quick and easy meal！
This dlphin-human 4 is especially unique， because it is 5 t bth humans and dlphins.
Accrding t a study 6 with underwater sund recrdings， dlphins ccupied with this relatinship with humans are 13％ mre likely t 7 in the wild. This is because they stay near the shres f the cean and are less likely t be 8 when fishing nets are thrwn int the pen cean. In Laguna， fishing with fellw dlphins has becme a（n） 9 in many families， thugh the dlphins are nt 10 trained fr this purpse. Frm their 11 ， fishermen pass n their knwledge t their children， teaching them t 12 with their partners thrugh clicking nises and hw t distinguish dlphin behavirs.
Interestingly， this is nt the first time humans and ther species f animals have 13 t hunt fr fd tgether. In Africa， the hneyguides， a small bird species that 14 n beeswax， use large nises and calls t cmmunicate， leading humans t trees where bees’ nests are 15 .
Researchers hpe that future generatins will be able t carry n this special traditin.
本文主要介绍了巴西Laguna的渔民和海豚合作捕鱼的共生现象。
1. A. frmB. center
C. directinD. psitin
解析 C 海豚把成群的鱼向海岸的方向（directin）驱赶，然后跳出水面，示意渔民们快速撒下他们的网，故选C。
2. A. reprtingB. prmising
C. answeringD. signaling
解析 D 参见上题解析。signal示意，发出信号。
3. A. in returnB. in balance
C. in briefD. in advance
解析 A 渔民们捕获了大量的鱼，作为回报（in return），海豚四处寻找漏网的鱼——一顿容易且快捷的饭。
4. A. interactinB. interruptin
C. instructinD. educatin
解析 A 由第一段"Fr mre than a century， fishermen in Laguna， Brazil， have caught fish with the help f bttlense dlphins"以及第二段的具体描述可知，此处指的是海豚和人类的互助合作关系，故选A。
5. A. restrictedB. beneficial
C. dangerusD. challenging
解析 B 这种海豚和人类的互助合作是独一无二的，因为这是对人类和海豚都有益的（beneficial）事情，故选B。restricted受限制的，dangerus危险的，challenging有挑战性的。
6. A. designedB. cnducted
C. preparedD. bserved
解析 B 根据一项用水下录音进行（cnducted）的研究，忙于与人类互助的海豚在野外活下来的可能性增加了百分之十三，故选B。design设计，prepare 准备，bserve观察。
7. A. surviveB. develp
C. sufferD. exist
解析 A 参见上题解析。survive幸存。
8. A. dubtedB. cntrlled
C. harmedD. shcked
解析 C 这是因为它们待在海岸附近，当渔网被扔进海洋里时被伤害（harmed）到的可能性更小，故选C。
9. A. fashinB. traditin
C. infrmatinD. impressin
解析 B 由第一段"Fr mre than a century， fishermen in Laguna， Brazil， have caught fish with the help f bttlense dlphins"以及文章最后一句"Researchers hpe that future generatins will be able t carry n this special traditin"可知，这已经成了很多家庭的传统，故选B。
10. A. cautiuslyB. carefully
C. thughtfullyD. intentinally
解析 D 在Laguna，与海豚共同捕鱼已经成了很多家庭的传统，虽然这些海豚并不是为了这个目的而刻意（intentinally）训练的，故选D。 cautiusly谨慎地，carefully认真地， thughtfully考虑周全地。
11. A. mvementB. schedule
C. experienceD. imaginatin
解析 C 根据他们的经验（experience），渔民们把他们的知识传递给他们的孩子，教他们通过滴答声与他们的搭档交流并教他们如何区分海豚的行为，故选C。mvement运动， schedule时间表， imaginatin想象。
12. A. cnnectB. cntact
C. cmmunicateD. mix
解析 C 参见上题解析。
13. A. apprachedB. cmpeted
C. separatedD. cperated
解析 D 有趣的是，这并非人类与动物首次合作捕食，故选D。apprach靠近，cmpete比赛， separate隔开。
14. A. feedB. wrk
C. perateD. lk
解析 A 在非洲，响蜜鸟，一种以蜂蜡为食的小鸟，用大量的噪音和叫声来与人交流，带着人们找到有隐藏蜂巢的树。feed表示"以……为食"，符合语境。
15. A. expsedB. hidden
C. brkenD. furnished
解析 B 参见上题解析。hide隐藏。
三、语法填空
[2023浙江温州三模]Inspired by the wrk f William Beebe， Dr.Sylvia Earle began her wrk as an ceangrapher at an early age when she 1 （knck） ff her feet by a wave. She was fascinated by the cean and its creatures. Althugh she struggled 2 （balance）her studies and family， Earle earned her PhD frm Duke University， becming well-knwn in the marine science cmmunity. Early in her career and while she was fur 3 （mnth） pregnant， Earle traveled 30.5m belw the surface in a submersible. Her experience f 4 （live） in an underwater marine habitat earned her celebrity status in the scientific cmmunity.
With the experience， Earle develped an interest 5 deep-sea explratin， and in 1979 she brke 6 recrd fr deep-sea diving at 381m belw the surface in a special suit called the JIM Suit designed t withstand（承受） the 7 （press）. Earle decided t test the suit as part f her research n a bk 8 （publish） by the Natinal Gegraphic Sciety， and the diving techniques nly scratched the surface f the cean. Fllwing this adventure， Earle started tw cmpanies 9 prduced deep-sea explratin vehicles. The cntinued advancement in the technlgy f these vehicles has helped pen up areas in the deep sea 10 （previus） unexplred.
本文主要讲述了美国深海探险家Sylvia Earle无畏艰险、探索海洋的事迹。
1.was kncked 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由时间状语at an early age可知，此处是在陈述过去发生的事情，且主语she和knck之间是被动关系，故填was kncked。
2.t balance 考查非谓语动词。struggle t d sth.意为"艰难地做某事，努力做某事"，为固定用法，故填t balance。
3.mnths 考查名词的数。由空前的fur可知，空处填mnths。
4.living 考查非谓语动词。所填词作介词f的宾语，表示一般情况和主谓关系，故用living。
5.in 考查介词。develp an interest in...为固定短语，意为"对……产生兴趣"， 故填in。
6.the 考查冠词。此处表示特指，故填the。
7.pressure 考查名词。所填词作宾语，表示"压力"，故用不可数名词pressure。
8.published 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填非谓语动词。bk和publish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且非谓语所表示动作已完成，再结合空后的by可知，此处应用过去分词published。
9.which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词为tw cmpanies，故填which/that。
10.previusly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词修饰作定语的unexplred，故填副词previusly。★extend sth. t sb.给予某人某物
★extensin n.扩大；延伸；延长（或扩大）的事物
extensive adj.广泛的；广阔的
extended adj.延长了的；扩展了的
★negtiate with sb.abut/fr sth.和某人商议某事
★negtiatin n.谈判；协商
under negtiatin在商谈中
in negtiatin with和……协商中
★shw mercy t/have mercy n对……怜悯或宽恕
withut mercy残忍地；毫无同情心地
at the mercy f任由……摆布或控制
★merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的
be merciful t对……仁慈
★merciless adj.残忍的
★in pssessin f拥有（强调状态）
in sb.’s pssessin＝in the pssessin f sb.为某人所有
take pssessin f拥有；占有（强调动作）
★pssess vt.拥有；具有（特质）；（情绪等） 控制
★at hand（在时间或距离上）接近（clse）
by hand手工
（at） first hand第一手；亲自
hand in hand手拉手；密切关联
give/lend a helping hand帮助
n the ne the ther （hand）...一方面……，另一方面……
★hand in上交
hand dwn传给（后代）
hand ut分发
★reach ut t sb.对某人感兴趣；向某人伸出援手
reach fr伸出手去拿……
reach a cnclusin/decisin/gal得出结论/做出决定/达成目标
★within/beynd/ut f （the） reach f在……能力可及的范围内/外
★There is n need （fr sb.） t d...（某人）不需要做……
★There is evidence/n dubt/n denying that...有证据表明/毫无疑问/不可否认……
There is n use/gd/pint/sense （in） ding...做……没有意义。
★as引导原因状语从句，表示"因为" 。
★as引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管，虽然"，状语从句需要倒装。
★as引导时间状语从句，表示"随着"。
★as引导方式状语从句，表示"像……一样，正如"。
★as引导比较状语从句时基本结构是。前一个as是副词；后一个as引导比较状语从句，表示"像……一样，正如"。
★as引导非限制性定语从句，表示"正如，像"，指代整个主句，在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，从句可位于句首、句中或句末，通常由逗号与主句隔开。
积累背诵
仿写运用
单
词
further， quite， rather， highly， greatly， fairly， extremely， abslutely， ttally， cmpletely， fully， entirely， really， awfully， deeply， partly， slightly， largely， widely， perfectly， badly， enrmusly， nearly， desperately， enugh； severe
根据左栏素材完成下列各句
1.小男孩完全被弄糊涂了，弄不明白这个故事的含义。于是他请导游进一步解释。
The little by was cmpletely puzzled/cnfused and culd nt figure ut the implicatin f the stry. S he asked the guide t explain further .
2.她最好的朋友在婚礼上发表的发自内心的演讲深深地感动了她。
She was deeply mved by the heartfelt speech given by her best friend at the wedding.
3.在街上漫无目的地闲逛了几个小时后，她感到有点饿了，想要吃点东西。
Having wandered aimlessly in the street fr hurs， she felt a little hungry and wished fr smething t eat.
4.杰克的话使罗丝大为恼火，她非常生气地喊道："你为什么总是做什么事都这么慢？"
Jack’s wrds threw Rse int great fury and she gt extremely/very angry ， shuting "Why are yu always s slw at everything？"
5.他低着头向老太太道歉："我对此感到非常抱歉。我向你保证，这种事不会再发生了。"
With his head dwn， he aplgized t the ld lady， "I’m terribly srry abut it. I assure yu it wn’t happen again."
词
组
a lt， a bit， a little， a great deal， t sme extent， in large part在很大程度上
佳
句
1.Grace kept quiet because she thught she was nt gd enugh t play fr an audience. 格蕾丝保持沉默，因为她认为自己不够好，不适合为观众演奏。
2.The teacher said， "Sally， yu have wrked really hard and fully deserve the praise fr yur utstanding perfrmance." 老师说："萨莉，你学习很努力，你的出色表现完全值得表扬。"
3.Shcked and dumb， Grady was rted t the grund fr secnds， and then dashed t their camp desperately， shuting fr help in the meantime. 格雷迪被吓得目瞪口呆，呆住几秒钟，然后拼命冲向他们的营地，同时大声呼救。
4.Obviusly， that experience had a prfund impact n my life. 显然，那次经历对我的生活产生了深远的影响。