初中英语2024届中考语法复习连词知识讲解练习
展开一、知识讲解
一、定义:
连词是用来连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词。
连词是一种虚词,不能独立担任句子成分,在句子和句子的各种成分中起连接作用。
Eg: Lily likes English but she can’t speak well.
丽丽喜欢英语但是她说得不好。
My father was reading a bk when my mum was cking.
我妈妈在做饭时爸爸在读书。
二、分类
1.并列连词:连接同等成分的词叫并列连词。
同等成分可以是单词、短语、分句或句子。连接两个句子时,构成并列句。
Eg: They like apples and bananas.
他们喜欢苹果和香蕉。
He is Chinese and he is in Class One.
他是中国人他在一班。
2.从属连词:把从句和主句连接起来的词叫从属连词。
从属连词分为引导名词性从句和副词性从句的连词。
Eg: I think that he is frm England.(引导名词性从句)
我觉得他来自英国。
I was late because it rained heavily.(引导副词性从句)
我迟到了因为雨下得很大。
三、功能
连词的功能就是在句子中起连接作用。它们所连接的成分、成分的数量以及它们在连接成分中的位置方面并不完全相同。
* 连词在连接两个分句时总是置于其中一个分句之首。
Eg: We will g t the park if it desn’t rain tmrrw.
如果明天不下雨我们将去公园。
* 并列连词and,r和but所连接的分句与前面的分句位置固定,不能调换。
Eg: The factry was pened tw years ag and it clsed dwn yesterday.
这个工厂两年前开业昨天倒闭了。
* 使用并列连词and,r和but就不能用其他连词,而从属连词则可以使用。
Eg: She is the wman that I met yesterday and that is frm America.
(从属连词that前有并列连词and)
她是我昨天见到的女士她来自美国。
四、并列连词
1.表示平行关系的连词及短语
平行关系的并列连词使用中要注意连词前后的成分一般是对等的。
Eg: One learns a language by making mistakes and crrecting them.
一个人可以通过犯错误和改正错误来学习一门语言。
* and “和”,表并列或顺承关系。
Eg: I am ding hmewrk and he is ding hmewrk, t.
我正在做作业并且他也正在做作业。
* “两者都...”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Eg: Bth Lily and Lucy are frm America.
丽丽和露西都来自美国。
* nt als...“不但...而且...”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数遵循临近原则。
Eg: Nt nly yu but als he wants t buy this bk.
不仅你而且他也想买这本书。
* “两者都不...”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数遵循临近原则。
Eg: Neither yu nr he likes apples.
你和他都不喜欢苹果。
2.表转折关系的连词及短语
表转折关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的,但意义是相反的。
Eg: I dn’t have a sccer ball, but my brther des.
我没有足球但是我哥哥有。
* but “但是”,表转折关系
Eg: My father is watching TV but my mther is cking.
我的爸爸在看电视但我的妈妈在做饭。
* hwever “然而”,表转折关系
Eg: He was feeling bad.He went t wrk, hwever, and tried t cncentrate.
他感觉不舒服。但他仍然去上班,并且努力集中精神工作。
3.表选择关系的连词及短语
表示选择关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的,但是意思是有所取舍的。
Eg: Yu may either stay here r g with me.
你可以呆在这儿,也可以跟我去。
* r “或者”,表选择关系
Eg: D yu like apples r pears?
你喜欢苹果还是梨?
* “或者...或者...”, 连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数遵循临近原则
Eg: Either yu r he is right.
不是你对了就是他对了。
4.表因果关系的连词及短语
表示因果关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的,但前后两分句一个表示原因,一个表示结果。
Eg: It must be mrning nw, fr birds are singing.
现在一定是早上,因为鸟儿正在唱歌。
* fr “因为”,表原因关系
Eg: Mike must be at hme, fr the light in his rm is n.
迈克肯定在家,因为他房间里面的等亮着。
* s “所以”, 表因果关系
Eg: There is s much haze arund us, s we shuld d smething t prtect the envirnment.
我们身边有这么多的雾霾,所以我们应该做些事来保护环境。
五、从属连词
1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词:
* when “当...时候”, 从句用一般过去时,主句过去进行时,从句动词可以是延续性也可是非延续
Eg: She was ding hmewrk when the bell rang.
铃声响的时候她正在做作业。
* while “当...时候”, 从句与主句一般皆用进行时态,且从句谓语动词必须为延续性动词。
Eg: My mum was cking while my father was watching TV.
我爸爸在看电视的时候妈妈在做饭。
* after “在...之后”, 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。
Eg: Yu can watch TV after yu read a bk.
你读书之后可以看电视。
* befre “在...之前”, 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
Eg: Yu must wash yur hand befre yu have dinner.
你吃饭前必须洗手。
* until/till “直到...”,常与nt连用,构成 “直到...才”
Eg: I didn’t g t bed until my mum came back.
直到妈妈回来我才去睡觉。
* since “自...以来”, 主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
Eg: I have learned English since I was eight years ld.
我从八岁学英语。
* as sn as “一...就”,引导的从句常用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。
Eg: I will call yu as sn as I arrive there.
我一到那就给你打电话。
2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词:
* if “如果”, 引导的条件状语从句需遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。
Eg: He will attend the meeting if it is fine tmrrw.
如果明天天气好,他就去参加会议。
* unless “除非;如果不”,
unless可以转化为“”结构,主从句的时态与if引导的条件状语从句一致。
Eg: Yu will frget it unless yu use it.
你会忘记它除非你用它。
* as sn as “只要”,引导的条件状语从句同if引导的一致。
Eg: As sn as yu study hard, yu will pass the exam.
只要你努力学习,你就会通过考试。
3.引导让步状语从句的从属连词:
* thugh “尽管”
Eg: I had t g t wrk thugh it rained heavily.
我不得不去工作尽管雨下得大。
* althugh “尽管”,可与thugh互换。
Eg: Althugh it rained heavily, I had t g t wrk.
尽管雨下得大,但是我不得不去上班。
* even thugh/if “即使”
Eg: Even thugh/if I have enugh time, I dn’t want t g there with him.
即使我有足够的时间,我也不想和他去那。
注意: 引导让步状语从句时,不能与but同时使用。
4.引导原因状语从句的从属连词:
* because “因为”, 回答用why引导的问句,不能和s同时使用。
Eg: -- Why were yu late fr schl tday?
你今天为什么上学迟到?
--Because I gt up late.
因为我起来晚了。
* since “既然”, 语气比because弱,表示对方已知的原因。
Eg: Since he says s, it must be true.
既然你这么说,那一定是真的。
* as “由于;因为”, 语气比since弱。as引导的从句与主句具有同等的重要性。
Eg: Mther began t wrry abut my brther as it was getting dark.
因为天黑了妈妈开始担心我的弟弟。
5.引导结果状语从句的从属连词:
* “如此...以至于”, s后面需跟形容词或副词。
Eg: This by is s yung that he can’t dress himself.
这个男孩如此年轻以至于他不会给自己穿衣服。
* “如此...以至于...” such后面需跟名词。
Eg: He is such a yung by that he can’t dress himself.
他是如此年轻的男孩以至于他不会自己穿衣服。
6.引导目的状语从句的从属连词:
* s that “以便于”
* in rder that “为了”
二者可进行互换。
Eg: I get up early s that I can catch the first bus.
= I get up early in rder that I can catch the first bus.
我起得早为了能赶上头班车。
二、专项练习
( )1.Yu’d better study hard, ____ yu wn’t pass the exam.
A.and
B.s
C.r
D.but
( )2._____ Lucy ______ Mary like this film very much.
A.Bth; and
B.Neither; nr
C.Either; r
D. Nt nly; but als
( )3.He is s fat, ______ he dn’t want t lse weight.
A.and
B.but
C.s
D.r
( )4.____ Mr.Wang ____ Miss.Zhang is s nice.Their students like them very much.
A.Bth; and
B.Neither; nr
C.Either; r
D.Nt nly; but als
( )5.Pandas are in danger.The situatin wn’t change _____ humans stp killing.
A.unless
B.thugh
C.if
D.after
( )6.Yu’d better finish yur hmewrk ______ yu g t bed.
A.since
B.until
C.befre
D.after
( )7.I have been here _______ five years ag.
A.fr
B.befre
C.after
D.since
( )8.______ it is raining heavily nw, he has t g t wrk.
A.Unless
B.Althugh
C.If
D.Until
( )9.Yu failed the exam, ______ yu must study harder.
A.s
B.and
C.r
D.but
( )10.My mum says _____ I d my hmewrk nw, I can watch TV fr an hur tnight.
A.thugh
B.if
C.while
D.because
( )11.My parents always help me _______ I am in truble.
A.because
B.althugh
C.when
D.after
( )12.I didn’t g hme ______ I finish my wrk.
A.s
B.because
C.as
D.until
( )13.Yu make lunch, ____ I’ll take care f the baby.
A.but
B.r
C.fr
D.and
( )14.We just have ne apple left, _____ yu r ______ yur brther can eat it.
A.bth; and
B.neither; nr
C.either; r
D.nt nly; but als
( )15.I will visit yu ______ I cme back.
A.since
B.as sn as
C.until
D.even thugh
( )16._______ yu wrk hard, yu will get gd grades.
A.As sn as
B.Even thugh
C.S that
D.As lng as
( )17.This is _____ a cute girl _____ everyne likes her.
A.s; that
B.such; that
C.nt; until
D.even; thugh
( )18.I must remember yu all the time ______ yu are s nice.
A.because
B.s
C.after
D.befre
( )19.There will be less pllutin ______ mre peple use public transprtatin.
A.if
B.unless
C.but
D.thugh
( )20.This dress is s nice, ______ I dn’t like it.
A.fr
B.s
C.but
D.and
( )21.Yu must keep n wrking in the evening, ____ yu are sure yu can finish the task in time.
A.as
B.if
C.when
D.unless
( )22.Our teachers were having a meeting _______ we were playing in the playgrund.
A.when
B.while
C.as
D.fr
( )23.This mvie is ____ interesting ____ we are ready t see it again.
A.such; that
B.s; that
C.bth; and
D.in rder; that
( )24.It’s hard fr us t say gdbye ______ we have s many days t remember.
A.thugh
B.if
C.while
D.because
( )25.Yu will fall behind thers ______ yu wrk hard.
A.if
B.unless
C.thugh
D.since
( )26.Take the exam carefully, _____ yu wn’t get full marks.
A.but
B.and
C.r
D.s
( )27.My grandfather is strng ______ he is ver 80 years ld.
A.but
B.althugh
C.and
D.r
( )28.It was _____ lvely weather ____ we decided t spend the day n the beach.
A.such; that
B.such a; that
C.such; as
D.s; that
( )29.Yu can chse t watch TV at hme _____ g shpping with me.
A.and
B.but
C.s
D.r
( )30.The shps were clsed _____ I didn’t get any milk.
A.s
B.as
C.r
D.but
( )31.She didn’t leave the classrm ____ she wrked ut this math questin.
A.as lng as
B.until
C.since
D.while
( )32.Yu can play cmputer games _____ yu finish yur hmewrk.
A.unless
B.befre
C.after
D.and
( )33.I’m really tired because I studied _____ midnight last night.
A.until
B.befre
C.when
D.after
( )34.We have been friends _____ we were six years ld.
A.fr
B.since
C.when
D.befre
( )35._____ the man is s clever, he can make mistakes,t.
A.Since
B.If
C.Unless
D.Even thugh
( )36.The ld man leads a simple life, ______ he has a lt f mney.
A.althugh
B.s
C.unless
D.because
( )37.I always get up early n weekdays, _____ I’m afraid I will be late fr schl.
A.r
B.thugh
C.since
D.because
( )38._____ he _____ I like this bk, because it is very bring.
A.Bth; and
B.Either; r
C.Neither; nr
D.Nt nly; but als
( )39.Which fruit d yu prefer t eat, apples _____ ranges?
A.and
B.but
C.s
D.r
( )40.It is raining heavily, _____ nne f the students are late fr schl.
A.althugh
B.but
C.s
D.until
用所给连词填空
(unless; althugh; r; befre; but; because; if; while; and; until)
41.My father is very thin _______ he is in gd health.
42.Li Ming failed in this English test _________ he didn’t wrk hard at it.
43.They still didn’t stp wrking _____ it was raining heavily.
44.Yu will hurt yurself ____ yu are always riding n a bike s fast.
45.The students didn’t leave the classrm _____ the teacher asked them t.
46.Hurry up ______ yu’ll miss the early train.
47.He wn’t wrk ut the maths prblem _____ I help him.
48.The by was ding his hmewrk _____ his sister was playing in the living rm.
49.Yu must finish yur hmewrk _____ yu g hme.
50.Yu can knck at the windw strngly, _______ it will be pened.
【答案】
1 -- 5 CABDA 6 -- 10 CDBAB
11 -- 15 CDDCB 16 -- 20 ABAAC
21 -- 25 DBBDB 26 -- 30 CBADA
31 -- 35 BCABD 36 -- 40 ADCDB
41.but 42.because 43.althugh
44.if 45.until
46.r 47.unless 48.while
49.befre 50.and
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