专题06 阅读理解之说明文15篇（最新一模真题）-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（山东专用）

这是一份专题06 阅读理解之说明文15篇（最新一模真题）-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（山东专用），共25页。试卷主要包含了14 kils，B．In 2006等内容，欢迎下载使用。
“Fr peple wh are wrried abut math, psture (姿势) makes a big difference,” Erik Peper frm San Francisc State University tld the Daily Mail. That’s right—sitting up straight can help yu d better n math exams.
Scientists tested 125 cllege students. They asked them t d a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-ver (趴倒的) psture, r sitting up straight. After the test, 56 percent f students said the exam was easier t d if they were sitting up straight.
“Slumping ver is a defensive (戒备的) psture. It can bring abut bad memries in the bdy and brain. This can stp yu frm thinking clearly,” Peper said.
Students wh were nt nervus abut taking the math exam did nt necessarily benefit (受益) frm better psture. But they did find that ding math while slumping ver was mre difficult, Science Daily reprted. Gd psture isn’t just helpful fr taking math exams. Sprtspeple, musicians and public speakers can all benefit frm better psture. When yu feel stressed ut, yu can als try t sit up straight r stand tall. It can help yu feel mre psitive and fcus better.
1．What psture can make peple feel less stressed during math exams?
A．Sitting up straight.B．Hanging yur head.
C．Lying n yur back.D．Raising ne hand.
2．Hw many students in the test benefited frm the better psture?
A．All the 125 students.B．Less than half f them.
C．56 percent f them.D．Nne f the students.
3．The furth paragraph is written t explain ________.
A．why slumping ver makes exams harder t d
B．why slumping ver is bad fr ne’s health
C．why sme peple slump ver during exams
D．why peple are nervus during math exams
4．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A．Slump Over t Take ExamsB．Sit Up Straight t D Math
C．Advice fr Nervus StudentsD．Gd Advice fr Better Exams
（2024·山东济宁·一模）We can’t remember clearly since when we started t take ur mbiles t a dinner table. This happens a lt, especially when we eat ut. Once a dish cmes, instead f lifting ur chpsticks, we take ut ur mbiles and click. Later, we pst the phts nt Weib r WeChat, waiting t be “liked”. Then we check ur mbiles frm time t time during the meal, t see whether we get “liked” r nt. We just cannt leave ur mbiles fr nly a meal.
Des that sund familiar t yu? D yu d that ften? If nt, hw d yu feel when thers d that when having dinner with yu?
A recent study suggests that what we are used t ding is nt s gd. Spending time taking phts f fd makes the fd less pleasant. T test this, sme researchers did an experiment. Sme peple were asked t take phts befre they culd enjy fd. As a result, it shwed that the mre phts they tk, the less delicius the fd seemed t them. S, why nt stp taking phts and just enjy the fd in frnt f yu?
Besides the scientific result, there are als sme ther bad influences f taking phts f fd befre meals. After psting the phts nt the Internet, ne will nt be able t cntrl himself and check his mbile many times. “Des everyne like my phts? I hpe a lt f peple like them!”
It seems that yur mbile secretly calls yur name all the time, even when yu are with real peple.
S, next time yu g ut t have dinner with yur family r friends, hw abut nt taking phts f fd? Let the fd be delicius as it is and share yur life with peple arund yu. Trust me, it will be a wnderful time.
5．Frm the passage, what happens a lt at the dinner table nwadays?
A．Peple talk abut their Weib r WeChat.
B．Peple learn frm each ther hw t ck dishes.
C．Peple like taking phts with friends r families.
D．Peple take phts f fd and pst them befre eating.
6．What des the furth paragraph talk abut?
A．The reasns fr checking yur mbiles.
B．The ways f psting the phts nt the Internet.
C．The tips (提示) f making thers like yur phts n the Weib.
D．Sme ther bad influences f taking phts f fd befre meals.
7．Which f the fllwing is the writer’s pinin?
A．We take ut ur mbiles and click when a dish cmes.
B．We check ur mbiles frm time t time during the meal.
C．Spending time taking phts f fd makes the fd less pleasant.
D．Sme peple were asked t take phts befre they culd enjy fd.
8．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Take phts f fd in rder t have a wnderful life.
B．Take phts f delicius fd and share them with thers.
C．Remember t have dinner with ur family and friends at hme.
D．Enjy the life with peple arund us instead f taking phts f fd.
（2024·山东济宁·一模）
9．In which picture can we see the yurt?
A．B．C．D．
10．It’s clear that ________.
A．Siheyuan is nly fund in Beijing
B．the hle n the tp f each yurt is always pen
C．the Palace Museum has halls, twers and parks
D．the Palace Museum was built in Tang Dynasty
11．What d all these buildings have in cmmn?
A．They can be seen everywhere.B．They are mdern and ppular.
C．They are big and tall buildings.D．They are traditinal Chinese buildings.
（2024·山东济宁·一模）I am sure yu knw the stry f the turtle (乌龟) and the rabbit. It taught peple many lessns. One f these lessns is that peple wh have all the advantages (the fast-jumping rabbit) can be beaten by thse wh have nthing but inner strength (内在的力量) (the slw turtle).
It is true that the race f life, just like the ne between the rabbit and the turtle, is ften unfair. Sme kids have all the luck. They were brn healthy and their parents are rich. These kids wear nice clthes and they always have much mney t buy anything they like. But many ther kids have nne f these things. They have t depend n their inner strength alne.
___________ this is nt true. In fact, the “turtles”—kids frm pr families —have sme f the mst imprtant things fr success. They are determined (有决心的) and hard-wrking. They mve frward slwly but with great inner strength.
A student frm Tsinghua University shared his persnal experience nline. He chse t get a part-time jb and study hard while his classmates were having fun utside. He knew there wuld be plenty f time fr fun nce he had vercme all f the difficulties. His stry may have encuraged “turtles”. The race f life is lng. Even if yu get ff t a slw start, yu can easily catch up if yu make up yur mind t d s.
12．Why des the writer say “the race f life is ften unfair”?
A．All the peple have different dreams.B．Peple are treated differently in life.
C．Nt everyne has the same starting pint.D．Everyne wants t win the race.
13．Which f the fllwing sentences can be put in the ________?
A．Because many peple believe the “rabbits” are always successful
B．Because many peple believe the “turtles” are always successful
C．While many peple believe the “turtles” are always successful
D．While many peple believe the “rabbits” are always successful
14．The writer mentined a student frm Tsinghua University in rder t ________.
A．intrduce his experience in Tsinghua University
B．supprt his idea that pr students have special things fr success
C．shw us the imprtance f studying in the university
D．encurage us t enter gd universities
15．What’s the purpse f the passage?
A．T shw us the pwer f inner strength.B．T tell us hw t succeed quickly.
C．T advise us t try new things.D．T encurage us t take races in life.
（2024·山东济宁·一模）
In the 1960s, a musical grup cmpsed a ppular sng titled Mnday, Mnday: “Every ther day f the week is fine, yeah. But whenever Mnday cmes, yu can find me crying all f the time.” When talking abut days f the week, Mnday gets little expectatin. I surveyed friends, and the results were very clear. When asked which day f the week they like the least, 90 percent f my friends chse Mnday. Nt ne persn thught f Mnday as his r her favrite day. But in fact, I think that Mnday is actually the best day f the week.
First f all, cnsider all the gd things that happen n Mndays. If yu are a sprts fan, yu may get t watch Mnday Night Ftball in the fall. Furthermre, quite a few public hlidays, are celebrated n Mndays. That means that several times a year, a Mnday prvides a three-day weekend. And accrding t websites, Mnday is the best day t d shpping because there aren’t as many peple shpping n the first day f the wrkweek. Experts say that yu can als get the best nline deals n Mndays. This is especially true fr electrnics, such as cmputers, TVs, and vide games.
T me, hwever, there’s smething even mre imprtant abut Mndays. Each Mnday stands fr a new beginning. Fr example, last week I gt behind n my hmewrk and had t spend the weekend catching up. But as sn as Mnday arrived, I had a clean slate. Anther week I frgt t d sme f my chres, s I had t give up ging t a mvie with my friends n the weekend.
I als lve Mndays because we usually start new lessns at schl at the beginning f the week. While last week’s tpics may have been bring, Mnday can bring a new bk t read, mre experiments t d, r math prblems t wrk ut. Besides, I always becme full f energy n Mndays after getting enugh sleep at weekends.
I realize that I am prbably nt ging t make everyne believe that Mnday is the best day f the week, but hpefully I can encurage a few peple t change. The next time a Mnday cmes, think abut all the gd things that culd happen and lk frward t the day instead f fearing it.
There’s n way t avid Mndays, s jin me in making the best f them. Wh knws? Yu might even start liking the first day f the wrkweek.
16．Why did the sng Mnday, Mnday becme ppular?
A．They enjyed t be warmed up by the sng.
B．The sng encuraged them t like Mndays.
C．The sng expressed hw they disliked Mndays.
D．The sng always made them cry all f the time.
17．What des the phrase “a clean slate” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．a gd restB．a sudden stpC．a new lessnD．a fresh start
18．What is the writer’s pinin?
A．It’s better t be energetic n Mndays.
B．Students behave best n Mndays at schl.
C．A three-day hliday shuld be ffered every week.
D．We shuld try ur best t encurage mst peple.
19．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．T discver Mndays’ secretsB．T make the best f Mndays
C．T turn Mndays int hlidaysD．T imprve yurself n Mndays
（2024·山东济宁·二模）
Whether yellw, red r white, the nin is a vegetable that yu may nt knw well. The list f its uses in cking is endless. Peple have used nins t add flavr (味道) t their fds fr gd fr thusands f years. Besides nins’ great taste, they are very gd fr yu. They have special chemicals (化学物质) that imprve yur ability t fight ff sickness and yu have fewer chances f getting a disease.
N matter hw gd nins are fr yu, it is difficult t cut an nin withut yur eyes filling with tears! When yu cut int an nin, irritating (刺激性的) chemicals inside the nin will get int the air. They tuch yur whle eyes and cause pain. Yur eyes make tears t wash away the chemicals and prtect yur eyes.
Luckily, cks and scientists have discvered sme ways t keep yu frm crying when yu cut up nins:
·Cut the nin under running water. The water will wash away the chemicals befre they can reach yur eyes.
·Use a fan t blw air ver the nin as yu cut it. The air will blw the chemicals away frm yur eyes.
·Put the nin in a fridge fr an hur befre cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the nin mve slwly, s they may nt ever reach yur eyes.
If yu try ut these gd ideas and still cry while cutting nins, dn’t wrry. Scientists think if yu cut mre nins, yur bdy will becme mre resilient t the nin’s chemicals. S the tears will nt last lng. If yu think abut hw healthy nins are, yu might even call thse tears “happy tears”.
20．Why d yur eyes make tears when yu cut nins?
A．T imprve physical cnditin.B．T prevent cmmn diseases.
C．T wash away irritating chemicals.D．T cause terrible pain.
21．What can yu d t stp crying accrding t the text?
① Cut the nin under running water.
② Use a fan t blw air ver the nin while cutting.
③Cver the nin with a piece f clth as yu cut it.
④ Put the nin in a fridge fr an hur befre cutting.
A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④
22．What des the underlined wrd “resilient” in the last paragraph mean in Chinese?
A．疲惫的B．敏感的C．适应的D．虚弱的
23．In which sectin f a magazine can yu prbably read the text?
A．Life and health.B．Language and culture.
C．Business wrld.D．Natinal news.
（2024·山东济宁·二模）It might be strange t wear clthes made ut f plastic bttles. But in fact, sme clthing cmpanies are already making clthes like these.
Fashin brand JUMA recently shwed its newest cllectin at a wrkshp in Shanghai. Eighteen clthing things frm the cllectin, including jackets, shirts and dresses, were made frm recycled plastic bttles.
“We realized that billins f water bttles were being thrwn int landfills (垃圾填埋场) and ceans every year and that these bttles take hundreds f years t decmpse (分解). We thught we shuld use them t create ur clthes and help the envirnment, said Alia Juma, the cmpany’s design directr.
Many ther fashin cmpanies are finding similar ways t save ur planet these days. The prcess is really simple. First, the plastic bttles are washed and cut int small pieces. Then they are melted (融化) and shaped int small balls. The balls are melted again t frm thread (线). Peple can then use the thread t make different kinds f clthes.
Accrding t Juma, it takes 67, 000 bttles t create 1 tn f thread. This reduces carbn emissins (碳排放) by 4.2 tns and water use by 6.2 tns cmpared with the nrmal way f making thread.
“Five bttles can make a shirt. Ten can make a dress, and 20 a shrt cat,” Juma said.
Sme peple might have dubts abut wearing smething made ut f plastic bttles. But it is reprted by Causeartist, a website that fcus n creativity, that the quality (质量) f the clthes made frm plastic bttles culd be even better than nyln (尼龙) and plyester (涤纶). Plastic thread can be made int different materials, such as cttn, silk, r even wl. It seems that this may lead int a greener future f fashin.
24．Why did JUMA make clthes ut f plastic bttles?
A．T make a new fashin.B．T cmpete with ther cmpanies.
C．T slve the design prblem.D．T reduce plastic rubbish and save Earth.
25．Which is the right rder f the prcess f making clth ut f plastic bttles?
①small balls ②plastic piece ③clthes ④plastic thread ⑤plastic bttles
A．⑤②④①③B．⑤①②④③C．⑤②①④③D．⑤①②③④
26．Accrding t Causeartist, which is true abut clthes made frm plastic bttles?
A．They are f gd quality.B．They will cause dubts.
C．They are strange t wear.D．They need t be mre creative.
27．What’s the best title f this passage?
A．Clthes made frm plastics.B．The prcess f making clthes.
C．The reasn fr making plastic clthes.D．Save ur planet.
（2024·山东枣庄·一模）British peple ften feel embarrassed abut replying t ffers with the wrd “n”. It feels implite fr them, especially when speaking t strangers. This can be very cnfusing (不解的) fr peple frm ther cuntries, especially if they are nt fluent (流利的) English speakers.
One f the first things yu learn when yu start studying English is hw t answer if smebdy ffers yu smething. “Yes, please” and “N, thank yu” are prbably the best-knwn phrases in the language. Yet British peple ften say, “I’m all right, thanks” when yu ffer them smething. When they say this, they mean that they have already gt everything that they need and dn’t need anything else. This is a way t say n withut being implite. Hwever, British peple ften say “all right” when they want t say yes t an ffer. The same wrd can be used in different ways t say bth yes and n, and smetimes differences in prnunciatin are the nly clues (线索) t understanding.
Mandy is an assistant in a shp selling gifts and turs t turists. “It’s very difficult t understand what British custmers want,” she says. “I ask them if they want t buy smething and they tell me that they are all right. Often when I ask if they want t g n a tur, they say, ‘Maybe later’, but really they dn’t want it and may never cme back t the shp.”
“Even when they want t say yes, it’s cnfusing,” says Mandy. “They say, ‘Sure’ r ‘Why nt?’ instead. Why can’t British peple just say what they mean? It’s s cnfusing!”
28．Why dn’t the British peple like saying n?
A．They dn’t like t speak t strangers.
B．Saying n is cnfusing fr them t express their ideas.
C．They dn’t think it’s plite t say n.
D．They are nt gd at English.
29．When British peple want t accept an ffer, they may prbably reply ________.
A．Why nt?B．I’m all right, thanks.
C．Maybe later.D．N, thanks.
30．What is the purpse f giving the example f Mandy?
A．Because Mandy is just like a typical British wman.
B．T shw hw cnfusing it is t understand British peple’s ways f saying yes r n.
C．T express hw imprtant it is t be a fluent English speaker.
D．T shw better cmmunicatin is necessary t understand each ther.
（2024·山东济宁·一模）The phrase “suthern spuds” becmes ppular, thanks t Harbin, a city in Nrtheastern China that has taken the Internet by strm.
Over 3 millin turists pured int Harbin during the three-day New Year hliday. And many f them came frm suthern China where snw was nwhere t be fund. Harbin lcals gave these visitrs a cute nickname “nanfang xiatudu” r “suthern spuds”. It is because suthern peple are usually shrter and they lk like small ptates when wearing thick jackets and hats. T Harbin peple, this name is nt t make fun f sutherners, but t create a sense f warmth with humr.
Harbin tried everything t meet turists’ needs, especially thse frm the suth. Cks carefully cut the lcal frzen pear int small pieces. Symphny (交响乐) cncerts find their way int shpping malls. A drne (无人机) lifts a man-made mn fr turists t take phts. Harbin really went all ut t make them happy.
Hwever, even thugh they did all these t please the suthern turists, this nickname “suthern spuds” sparked a debate (辩论) n the Internet. While Harbin lcals use the name t shw warmth and gdwill, sme sightseers feel that calling them “small ptates” is making fun f their height.
Even thugh peple frm the Nrtheast are sincere and warm, we have t admit (承认) that there is reginal steretype (地区刻板印象) in sme parts f China. Nwadays, peple travel all the time. Therefre, it’s imprtant t make the wrld a mre welcming place. After all, everyne likes kindness and dislikes discriminatin (歧视), whether it’s n purpse r nt.
31．Why d Harbin peple call sutherners “suthern spuds”?
A．Because sutherners like t eat small ptates.
B．Because sutherners sell small ptates in Harbin.
C．Because sutherners lk like spuds in thick jackets and hats.
D．Because Harbin lcals want t make fun f sutherners’ height.
32．What is the main idea f the third paragraph?
A．Suthern travelers were very happy with Harbin turism.
B．Harbin tried their best t attract turists and make them happy.
C．Harbin cks made sme nice fd fr suthern turists.
D．Fd, shpping malls, and the man-made mn attracted many turists.
33．Why did sme visitrs dislike the nickname “small spuds”?
A．Because they did nt like t debate n the Internet.
B．Because they were nt pleased with Harbin turism.
C．Because they felt that Harbin lcals thught they were shrt.
D．Because they believed that they did nt lk like small ptates.
34．What des the authr think f the nickname “suthern spuds”?
A．He think it’s funny.B．He thinks it’s unfair.
C．He thinks it’s welcming.D．He desn’t express his wn pinin.
（2024·山东济宁·一模）Language is imprtant bth because f what it cmmunicates and hw it des the cmmunicatin. The pwer f language is s strng that it shws hw language can actually influence the way we think. T braden language is t braden the ability t think. We can see this in children, whse thinking develps gradually hand in hand with the language.
S hw t use the pwer f language: turning wrds int shapes. Prfessrs have fund that ur subcnscius (潜意识的) mind explains what it hears. The wrds that cme ut f ur muths, create the reality—fr better r wrse. Unfrtunately, it’s ften wrse as we destry ur hpe f success simply by using negative language that influences ur pinins and kills ur cnfidence. What yu think directly influences hw yu feel and hw yu behave. S if yu think yu’re a lser, yu’ll feel like a lser. Then, yu’ll act like a lser, which strengthens yur belief that yu must be a lser.
Creating a mre psitive utlk (看法) can lead t better utcmes. That’s nt t say psitive thughts have magical pwers. But psitive thughts lead t prductive behavir, which increases yur chances f a successful utcme. T build self-cnfidence, yu have t change the way yu speak. Remember them: Try t use psitive language. Take actins quickly. Have yur pinins. And dn’t ften say srry t ther peple unless yu are wrng. Wrds have magical pwers. They can either bring the greatest happiness r the deepest despair (绝望).
35．Why is language imprtant t children accrding t Paragraph 1?
A．Because it can develp children’s thinking ability.
B．Because it intrduces sme new wrds t children.
C．Because it helps children knw mre abut freign cultures.
D．Because it can prvide a chance fr children t get a better educatin.
36．What des the underlined wrd “destry” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Develp.B．Describe.C．Share.D．Break.
37．Hw many ways are needed t change the way yu speak?
A．Tw.B．ThreeC．Fur.D．Five.
38．Which can be the best title fr the passage?
A．New ways f thinkingB．The pwer f language
C．The ways t learn a languageD．The imprtance f being cnfident.
（2024·山东泰安·一模）
Imagine a perfect day: the weather is gd and everything seems fine. When, suddenly, yur cell phne lses its signal, the televisin has n prgrams, and yu can’t get nline with yur cmputer.
What has happened? These are just the types f prblems a slar (太阳) strm might cause. It may nt sund as serius as ther natural disasters, such as earthquakes. But tday, a slar strm ften puts ur sciety in danger.
A slar strm is caused by slar flares: large sudden burning near the sun. It can give ff lts f energy. The strng energy can stp the satellite systems (系统) that perate ur cmputers, telecm netwrks and s n. These strms can even cause the pwer t g ut fr weeks r mnths.
In the past few mnths, scientists have recrded sme f the strngest sun flares in years. The mst recent ne happened arund Valentine’s Day. It caused radi and satellite signals t g dwn in sme nrthern cities in China.
“Slar flare activity is ging t be much wrse than what we’ve seen in the past. We’re nt talking abut a few cities lsing pwer. It culd be half the cuntry, maybe mre.” Slar StrmWarning. cm, a US website abut space weather, warned.
Experts say that little can be dne t predict such a strm. Gvernments arund the wrld are trying t wrk tgether befre the next strm, althugh they are nt sure when that may happen.
39．Accrding t the article, hw lng can a slar strm cause pwer cuts?
A．Fr years.B．Fr weeks r mnths.C．Fr a day.D．Fr several hurs.
40．Accrding t the passage, slar flares are ________.
A．telecmputer netwrksB．slar strms
C．large explsins near the sunD．the energy f the sun
41．Frm the passage, the right rder f the fllwing is ________.
a. Slar flares give ff lts f energy.
b. Peple can’t get nline with their cmputers.
c. Slar strms happen.
d. Satellite systems are stpped.
A．a-b-c-dB．c-b-a-dC．c-a-b-dD．a-c-d-b
42．This article mainly tells us ________.
A．sme facts abut a slar strm
B．hw t predict a slar strm
C．the weather is gd and everything seems fine n a perfect day
D．smething abut why we can’t get nline with ur cmputers
（2024·山东济宁·一模）
Pandas are very ppular in China. Peple arund the wrld like this black and white animal very much, t. Ya Ya is amng them. Nw let’s knw mre abut Ya Ya.
When Ya Ya was brn in the Beijing Z, she weighed abut 0.14 kils. Fr a research and prtectin plan, she was taken t the Memphis Z in Tennessee in 2003. But there was smething wrng with her fur in 2006. Her health cnditin became wrse in 2014. Experts at the Memphis Z and in China tried many ways but culdn’t slve the prblems. On April 27, Ya Ya retuned t China after staying fr 20 years in America. The panda was then quarantined (隔离) in Shanghai Z befre mving t Beijing. On May 29, Ya Ya arrived at its hme, the Beijing Z.
The Beijing Z has prepared a special feeding place fr Ya Ya as well as feeding plans, care and medical supprt, accrding t the Natinal Frestry and Grassland Administratin. As she is ld, she needs t rest and adapt (适应) t the new envirnment. S she will nt be visited fr a shrt perid f time. The z will tell the public abut Ya Ya’s health cnditin thrugh its fficial Weib accunt, accrding t the administratin.
A lt f peple pay much attentin t Ya Ya. They hpe she will get better sn.
43．When did Ya Ya cme back t China?
A．In 2003.B．In 2006.C．In 2014.D．In 2023.
44．The Beijing Z has prepared smething special fr Ya Ya except ________.
A．feeding plansB．a feeding place
C．a research and prtectin planD．care and medical supprt
45．Why are peple nt allwed t visit Ya Ya ________.
A．Because she is taken t the Memphis Z
B．Because she is quarantined in the Shanghai Z
C．Because her health cnditin becmes better
D．Because she needs t rest and adapt t the new envirnment
46．Where can yu mst prbably read the article?
A．In a newspaper.B．In a mvie pster.
C．In a travel guide.D．In a sprts magazine.
（2024·山东济宁·一模）Family is very imprtant fr everyne, n matter where yu are frm. S in bth East and West, peple have festivals t celebrate family reunins (团聚). These festivals include the Mid-Autumn Festival in China and Thanksgiving Day in the US. Hw are they celebrated and what are the differences? Let’s take a lk
Sharing the mnlight

The Mid-Autumn Festival is the secnd mst imprtant traditinal festival in China after the Spring Festival. It’s n the 15th day f the eighth mnth f Chinese lunar calendar. In ancient China, the day was cnsidered as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain (谷物) had been cllected frm the fields. All the family gt tgether and had a big dinner. They ate a special festival fd—mn cakes and enjyed the full mn.
On that day, the mn is full. The full mn is a symbl fr family reunins which means tuanyuan in Chinese. Nw peple als celebrate the festival by getting tgether and having a big dinner.
When it gets dark, peple lk up at the full mn, eating mn cakes and missing friends and relatives wh are far frm hme. “We wish each ther a lng life s as t share the beauty f this graceful mnlight, even thugh miles apart!” wrte Su Shi, a famus Sng Dynasty pet.
Shwing thanks
Thanksgiving Day is ne f the biggest hlidays in the US. It’s n the furth Thursday f Nvember. Peple visit their friends and relatives t remind themselves that they are lucky t have happiness, health and family and als t have a rf ver their heads.
In 1621, abut 100 English peple tk a ship, the Mayflwer, and arrived in the nrtheastern US. The winter there was very cld and life was hard. As the American Indians helped them a lt, the English peple asked them t have a big meal with then in rder t express their thanks. The celebratin lasted fr three days.
Tday, peple usually have a family meal n Thanksgiving Day. They enjy delicius fd such as pumpkin scrn and a big, glden turkey.
There are ther traditins n the day. Fr example, the turkey has a V-shaped bne in the breast. It’s called a wishbne. After rasting (烤), tw persns each take ne end f the bne. They make a wish and then pull it. If ne gets the larger part f the bne, he r she will get gd luck.
The mst imprtant part f Thanksgiving Day is t say “thanks”—this is the spirit f the hliday. Peple als like t watch the Thanksgiving Day Parade n TV.
47．Why did peple celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival in ancient China?
A．Because peple culd eat mn cakes.
B．Because peple enjyed the full mn.
C．Because peple culd get tgether with relatives.
D．Because peple had a gd harvest frm the fields.
48．What des the underlined part (划线部分) in the passage prbably mean?
A．但愿人长久，千里共婵娟B．锄禾日当午，汗滴禾下土
C．床前明月光，疑似地上霜D．海上生明月，天涯共此时
49．What is the spirit f Thanksgiving Day?
A．T pull the bne.B．T play American ftball.
C．T say “thanks”.D．T watch the Parade.
50．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．The traditinal fd f the tw festivals.B．The intrductin t the tw festivals.
C．The activities f the tw festivals.D．The custms f the tw festivals.
（2024·山东济宁·一模）Have yu ever met large changes in life and wrk? Hw wuld yu feel in mst cases? In fact, we all have t g thrugh the grief cycle(悲伤周期), which has the fllwing perids:
The first perid: “It can’t be happening. ”
Anger: “Why me? It’s nt fair. ”
Depressin: “I’m s sad. Why d I have t d all f these?”
Acceptance: “It’s ging t be OK. ”
I’m hnestly nt sure hw scientific this mdel is, but I certainly believe that yu will wrk better after ging thrugh these majr changes.
Find ut what yur anger des fr yu—gd r bad?
What des being angry d fr yu? Think back t the situatin where yu have been angry at wrk and ask yurself hw it influences yu, including: yur relatinship with c-wrkers, the quality(质量) f yur wrk and health, hw yu feel utside f wrk, yur relatinship with friends and family.
Find ut what makes yu angrier and less angry.
What makes yu angrier? Which thughts, situatins, peple r cnversatins set yu ff? And what makes yu less angry? I’m sure yu are nt angry all the time. What makes yu calm and stps yu frm feeling angry? Find ut. Then start ding less f what makes yu angry and mre f the things that cl yu dwn.
Fcus n gratitude.
What are yu grateful fr? As I mentined abve, anger is part f the grief cycle which is cnnected with what yu lse. Gratitude is the ppsite f lss because it cmes frm the gd things yu have in yur life. It’s simple. Every evening, sit dwn with a piece f paper and make tw gratitude lists: three things I was grateful fr at wrk tday; three things I was thankful fr in life tday.
Change yur fcus frm “What was dne t me” t “What I can d”.
I knw this is the basic piece f all self-help advice. Life is 10% abut what happens t yu and 90% abut hw yu deal with it, r yu must take respnsibility fr yur wn situatin, rather than be a victim (牺牲品) f it. That kind f advice can get pretty bring. But that desn’t make it less true.
51．Why des the writer begin the text by asking questins?
A．T explain facts.B．T express disagreement.C．T give pinins.D．T catch the readers’ interest.
52．What’s the writer’s suggestin abut dealing with anger?
A．Lve friends and family.B．D things that make yu peaceful.
C．Be friendly t c-wrkers.D．Write dwn what makes yu angry.
53．What des the underlined wrd “gratitude” mst prbably mean?
A．Thanks.B．Safety.C．Curage.D．Praise.
54．What is the text mainly abut?
A．What the grief cycle is abut.B．Hw t deal with the grief cycle.
C．What causes the grief cycle.D．Hw the grief cycle influences peple.
（2024·山东济宁·一模）Mre seats fr internatinal passengers are being ffered n the train f the China-Las Railway t meet the strng need fr travel between the tw natins as the Spring Festival cmes next mnth.
Since Friday, the first day f China’s Spring Festival travel rush, the train has added 50 seats—fr a ttal f 350—fr travelers between Kunming, the capital f Suthwest China’s Yunnan prvince, and Vientiane, capital f Las.
Rund-trip service between Kunming and Vientiane is ffered nce a day. It takes abut 9 hurs and 30 minutes t travel between the tw cities.
China’s Spring Festival falls n Feb 10 this year. This year’s Spring Festival travel rush started n Friday and will end n March 5. Accrding t the Kunming railway (铁路) cmpany, there is a strng demand (需求) fr travelers during the travel rush. Passengers are advised t make plans in advance.
This year’s Spring Festival travel rush is the first since the China-Las Railway began ffering internatinal passenger service in April last year.
The line’s internatinal passenger service has experienced a slw increase since the beginning. Because f the winter, the warm climates in places has been liked by a large number f turists frm China and Sutheast Asian cuntries.
Many turists are chsing t take the China-Las Railway t visit these places. The 1,035-kilmeter China-Las Railway, a landmark (地标) prject f the Belt and Rad Initiative, began peratin in December 2021. It has turned Las frm a landlcked cuntry int a land-linked hub in the Ind-China Peninsula.
55．Why are mre seats being ffered n the China-Las Railway?
A．T meet the strng need fr travel.
B．T celebrate the Chinese Spring Festival.
C．T increase the number f internatinal passengers.
D．T reduce the travel time between Kunming and Vientiane.
56．Hw many seats did the train use t have fr travelers between Kunming and Vientiane?
A．100.B．200.C．300.D．400.
57．What des the underlined wrds “in advance” mean in Chinese?
A．准备B．提前C．放弃D．推后
58．What is the writer trying t d in the text?
A．Intrduce a famus place t visit.
B．Give an example abut traveling.
C．Explain the reasn fr peple visiting Kunming.
D．Describe the situatin f the China-Las Railway.
参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了坐直可以帮助你在数学考试中取得更好的成绩。
1．细节理解题。根据“Fr peple wh are wrried abut math, psture (姿势) makes a big ’s right—sitting up straight can help yu d better n math exams.”可知如果他们坐直，感觉数学考试会容易很多，压力也少很多。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“After the test, 56 percent f students said the exam was easier t d if they were sitting up straight.”可知56%的学生说如果他们坐直，考试就容易多了，故选C。
3．主旨大意题。根据“Slumping ver is a defensive (戒备的) psture. It can bring abut bad memries in the bdy and brain. This can stp yu frm thinking clearly”可知本段解释为什么趴着对考试不好的。故选A。
4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了坐直可以帮助你在数学考试中取得更好的成绩，以选项B“坐直做数学”为标题最合适。故选B。
5．D 6．D 7．C 8．D
【分析】本文讲述了现在常见的社会现象——吃饭前拿手机拍照，文章呼吁读者享受与眼前人的相聚时刻。
5．细节理解题。根据“Once a dish cmes, instead f lifting ur chpsticks, we take ut ur mbiles and click.”可知，人们在吃东西前给食物拍照并上传。故选D。
6．主旨大意题。根据这一段主旨句“Besides the scientific result, there are als sme ther bad influences f taking phts f fd befre meals.”可知，这一段讲述了饭前拍摄食物的其他一些不良影响。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据“As a result, it shwed that the mre phts they tk the less delicius the fd seemed t them.”可知，花时间给食物拍照会让食物变得不那么美味。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“S, next time yu g ut t have dinner with yur family r friends, hw abut nt taking phts f fd? hw abut nt taking phts f fd? Let the fd be delicius as it is and share yur life with peple arund yu.”可知，从文章中我们学到了应该和身边的人一起享受生活，而不是拍食物照片。故选D。
9．B 10．C 11．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了中国传统的三种建筑，包括：四合院、宫殿和蒙古包。
9．细节理解题。根据“They lk like big tents. On the tp there is a rund hle which is pened during the day and clsed at night.”可知，蒙古包看起来像大帐篷，顶部有一个圆洞，与图片B所展示的内容相符。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据“The Palace Museum f Beijing was used as the palace fr-bth Ming, Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. It has many halls, twers, and small-parks in it.”可知，北京故宫博物院有许多大厅、塔楼和小公园。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据“A Siheyuan is a kind f Chinese yard huse. It is a histrical kind f living place.”，“The Palace Museum f Beijing was used as the palace fr-bth Ming, Dynasty and Qing Dynasty.”以及“Huses f this kind are mstly fund in Inner Mnglia (内蒙古). They have been very ppular fr lng.”可推断，这三种建筑都有悠久的历史，都属于中国传统的建筑。故选D。
12．C 13．D 14．B 15．A
【分析】本文通过龟兔赛跑的故事告诉我们：即使你起步很慢，只要你下定决心，你也很容易赶上。
12．推理判断题。根据“Sme kids have all the luck. They were brn healthy and their parents are rich. ... But many ther kids have nne f these things. They have t depend n their inner strength alne.”可知，一些孩子很幸运，生来什么都有，而另一些孩子什么都没有，只能依靠自己内在的力量，由此可知，作者想表示不是每个人都有相同的起点。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据“this is nt true. In fact, the ‘turtles’—kids frm pr families —have sme f the mst imprtant things fr success.”可知，事实上，“乌龟”——穷人家的孩子——拥有成功的一些最重要的东西。由此可知，前文是表示人们认为“兔子”总是成功的，空处与“this is nt true”是让步关系，用while引导让步状语从句，选项D“尽管很多人认为‘兔子’总是成功的。”符合语境。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据“His stry may have encuraged ‘turtles’. The race f life is lng. Even if yu get ff t a slw start, yu can easily catch up if yu make up yur mind t d s.”可知，他的故事可能鼓励了“乌龟”，生命的赛跑是漫长的。即使你起步很慢，只要你下定决心，你也很容易赶上，所以举这个例子是为了支持他的观点，即贫困学生有特殊的成功因素。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据“One f these lessns is that peple wh have all the advantages (the fast-jumping rabbit) can be beaten by thse wh have nthing but inner strength (内在的力量) (the slw turtle).”可知，本文通过龟兔赛跑的故事告诉我们内在力量的强大。故选A。
16．C 17．D 18．A 19．B
【分析】本文主要向我们介绍作者认为一周中最好的一天是周一及其原因。
16．推理判断题。根据“When asked which day f the week they like the least, 90 percent f my friends chse Mnday. Nt ne persn thught f Mnday as his r her favrite day.”可知，这首歌曲表达了人们不喜欢周一的共同想法。故选C。
17．词句猜测题。根据“Each Mnday stands fr a new beginning”可知，每周一都代表着新的开始，故此处划线部分和选项D意义相近。故选D。
18． 细节理解题。根据“Besides, I always becme full f energy n Mndays after getting enugh sleep at weekends.”可知，作者认为在周末有了足够睡眠后，周一会精力充沛。故选A。
19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍作者最喜欢一周中的周一的原因，目的是让我们充分利用好周一。故选B。
20．C 21．B 22．C 23．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了洋葱的用途和营养价值，也提供了几种切洋葱不流泪的方法。
20．细节理解题。根据“Yur eyes make tears t wash away the chemicals and prtect yur eyes.”可知你的眼睛会流泪来洗去化学物质，保护你的眼睛。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据“● Cut the nin under running water ●Use a fan t blw air ver the nin as yu cut it. ● Put the nin in a fridge fr an hur befre cutting.”可知，可以在流水下切洋葱；切洋葱时，可以用电风扇在上面吹；也可以把洋葱放在冰箱里一小时后再切，故选项①②④符合题意，故选B。
22．词义猜测题。根据“Scientists think if yu cut mre nins, yur bdy will becme mre resilient t the nin’s chemicals”可知，此处是指切的洋葱多，你的身体就会适应洋葱中的化学物质，故resilient表示“适应的”，故选C。
23．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了洋葱的用途和营养价值，也提供了几种切洋葱不流泪的方法，故我们可以在杂志的生活与健康栏看到这篇文章。故选A。
24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了将废弃的塑料瓶重复利用，用来制作衣服，创建环保型社会。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段“We thught we shuld use them t create ur clthes and help the envirnment”可知，JUMA用塑料瓶做衣服是为了减少塑料垃圾，拯救地球，故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“First, the plastic bttles are washed and cut int small pieces. Then they are melted (融化) and shaped int small balls. The balls are melted again t frm thread (线). Peple can then use the thread t make different kinds f clthes.”可知，首先塑料瓶被清洗并切成小块，然后将它们熔化，并形成球状，将球再次熔化形成线，即顺序是：⑤塑料瓶-②塑料小块-①球状-④塑料线-③衣服，故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But it is reprted by Causeartist, a website that fcus n creativity, that the quality (质量) f the clthes made frm plastic bttles culd be even better than nyln (尼龙) and plyester (涤纶).”可知，用塑料瓶制成的衣服质量更好，故选A。
27．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了将废弃的塑料瓶重复利用，用来制作衣服，创建环保型社会。所以最佳标题是：塑料制成的衣服。故选A。
28．C 29．A 30．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲英国人不喜欢直接说yes或n，他们会用其他的语言来代替，这会让人有点困惑。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“British peple ften feel embarrassed abut replying t ffers with the wrd “n”. It feels implite fr them, especially when speaking t strangers.”可知英国人认为直接说n是不礼貌的。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Even when they want t say yes, it’s cnfusing, ”says Mandy. “They say, ‘Sure’ r ‘Why nt?’ instead.”可知当他们想说yes来表示同意的时候会说“Sure”或“Why nt?”代替。故选A。
30．推理判断题。通读第三段和第四段可知Mandy的例子是为了说明理解英国人接受或拒绝提议的方式有多么令人困惑。故选B。
31．C 32．B 33．C 34．D
【分析】本文介绍了“南方小土豆”这一词汇流行的原因，以及其引发的争议。
31．细节理解题。根据“It is because suthern peple are usually shrter and they lk like small ptates when wearing thick jackets and hats.”可知，这是因为南方人通常比较矮，当他们穿着厚外套和帽子的时候，他们看起来像个小土豆。故选C。
32．段落大意题。根据“Harbin tried everything t meet turists’ needs, especially thse frm the suth”可知，第三段讲述了哈尔滨尽最大努力吸引游客，让他们开心。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“sme sightseers feel that calling them ‘small ptates’ is making fun f their height.”可知，因为他们觉得哈尔滨当地人认为他们很矮。故选C。
34．观点态度题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了“南方小土豆”这一词汇流行的原因，以及其引发的争议；作者在文中没有表达对这个绰号的看法。故选D。
35．A 36．D 37．C 38．B
【分析】本文主要讲述了语言的力量，建议大家通过改变说话的方式来建立自信。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段中“We can see this in children, whse thinking develps gradually hand in hand with the language.”可知，孩子们的思维随着语言的发展而逐渐发展。故选A。
36．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“by using negative language that influences ur pinins and kills ur cnfidence”可知，负面的语言会影响我们的观点、扼杀我们的信心，故推测destry的意思是“破坏”。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Remember them: Try t use psitive language. Take actins quickly. Have yur pinins. And dn’t ften say srry t ther peple unless yu are wrng.”可知，文中提到了四种方法来改变说话方式：尽量使用积极的语言；迅速采取行动；有自己的观点；不要经常对别人说对不起，除非自己做错了。故选C。
38．标题概括题。通读全文并根据第一段中“The pwer f language is s strng that it shws hw language can actually influence the way we think.”及第二段中“S hw t use the pwer f language”可知，本文主要讲述了语言的力量。故选B。
39．B 40．C 41．D 42．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了关于太阳风暴的一些事实。
39．细节理解题。根据“These strms can even cause the pwer t g ut fr weeks r mnths.”可知，太阳风暴会造成几周或几个月的停电。故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据“A slar strm is caused by slar flares: large sudden burning near the sun. It can give ff lts f energy.”可知，太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的：太阳附近突然发生的大规模燃烧。它能释放出大量的能量，因此太阳耀斑是太阳附近的大爆炸。故选C。
41．细节理解题。根据第三段可知，太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的：太阳附近突然发生的大规模燃烧。它能释放出大量的能量。强大的能量可以阻止运行我们计算机、电信网络等的卫星系统。这些风暴甚至会导致断电几周或几月。因此正确的顺序应是先发生太阳耀斑，太阳耀斑引起太阳风暴，之后产生的能量会阻止卫星系统，进而造成不能上网，即a-c-d-b。故选D。
42．主旨大意题。根据“But tday, a slar strm ften puts ur sciety in danger.”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了太阳风暴的一些事情。故选A。
43．D 44．C 45．D 46．A
【分析】本文主要介绍从美国生病回来的熊猫丫丫在回到祖国后的一些情况。
43．推理判断题。根据第二段中“On April 27, Ya Ya returned t China after staying fr 20 years in America.”及“she was taken t the Memphis Z in Tennessee in 2003.”可知，丫丫2003年去美国，20年后即2023年回到中国。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据第三段首句中“The Beijing Z has prepared a special feeding place fr Ya Ya as well as feeding plans, care and medical supprt”可知，动物园给丫丫准备了特别的喂养地方、喂养计划以及医疗支持。故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据第三段中“As she is ld, she needs t rest and adapt (适应) t the new envirnment.”可知，丫丫需要时间来适应环境。故选D。
46．推理判断题。本文主要讲熊猫丫丫回国后的情况，所以最有可能在报纸上看到这篇文章。故选A。
47．D 48．A 49．C 50．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了两个节日——中秋节和感恩节。
47．细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, the day was cnsidered as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain (谷物) had been cllected frm the fields”可知在中国古代，这一天被认为是丰收节，因为人们从田地里收成了水果、蔬菜和谷物。故选D。
48．词句猜测题。根据“We wish each ther a lng life s as t share the beauty f this graceful mnlight, even thugh miles apart!”并结合文章内容可知，这是苏轼的诗句，且和中秋节有关，故此句意为“但愿人长久，千里共婵娟”。故选A。
49．细节理解题。根据“The mst imprtant part f Thanksgiving Day is t say ‘thanks’—this is the spirit f the hliday”可知感恩节的精神是表达感谢。故选C。
50．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了两个节日——中秋节和感恩节，故选B。
51．D 52．B 53．A 54．B
【分析】本文向我们介绍什么是悲伤周期，以及提出如何度过悲伤周期的建议。
51．推理判断题。根据“Have yu ever met large changes in life and wrk? Hw wuld yu feel in mst cases?”可知，文章开篇作者提出问题是为了吸引读者继续阅读的兴趣，故选D。
52． 细节理解题。根据“What makes yu calm and stps yu frm feeling angry? Find ut. Then start ding less f what makes yu angry and mre f the things that cl yu dwn.”可知，作者建议少做让你生气的事，多做能让你冷静下来的事。故选B。
53． 词句猜测题。分析“Gratitude is the ppsite f lss because it cmes frm the gd things yu have in yur life”可知，Gratitude是失去的对立面，因为它来自于你生活中所拥有的美好事物。再结合后面“three things I was grateful fr at wrk tday; three things I was thankful fr in life tday.”可推知，它的意思是“感激”，故选A。
54．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了什么是悲伤周期，并建议了如何处理悲伤周期的各种情绪。其中介绍概念的篇幅较短，而主体部分集中在处理悲伤周期的建议上，故选B。
55．A 56．C 57．B 58．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了中老铁路带来的便利。
55．细节理解题。根据“Mre seats fr internatinal passengers are being ffered n the train f the China-Las Railway t meet the strng need fr travel between the tw natins as the Spring Festival cmes next mnth.”可知，下个月春节来临之际两国之间的强烈旅行需求，中老铁路列车将为国际旅客提供更多座位。故选A。
56．细节理解题。根据“Since Friday, the first day f China’s Spring Festival travel rush, the train has added 50 seats—fr a ttal f 350—fr travelers between Kunming, the capital f Suthwest China’s Yunnan prvince, and Vientiane, capital f Las.”可知，中老铁路现有350个座位，加了50个，由此可知，原先有300个座位。故选C。
57．词句猜测题。根据“China’s Spring Festival falls n Feb 10 this year. This year’s Spring Festival travel rush started n Friday and will end n March 5. Accrding t the Kunming railway cmpany, there is a strng demand fr travelers during the travel rush. Passengers are advised t make plans in advance.”可知，乘客建议铁路要提前做准备，由此可猜测in advance意为“提前”。故选B。
58．推理判断题。根据“Many turists are chsing t take the China-Las Railway t visit these places. The 1,035-kilmeter China-Las Railway, a landmark prject f the Belt and Rad Initiative, began peratin in December 2021. It has turned Las frm a landlcked cuntry int a land-linked hub in the Ind-China Peninsula.”可知，最后一段谈论了中老铁路将受到“一带一路”的影响，由此可猜测，下文将会谈论到中老铁路的现状。故选D。
A Siheyuan is a kind f Chinese yard huse. It is a histrical kind f living place. We can easily find it all ver China, especially in Beijing. Siheyuan is made up f fur buildings. These huses usually face suth in rder t get mre sunlight during winter.
The Chinese wrd fr “palace” is Gng. The Palace Museum f Beijing was used as the palace fr-bth Ming, Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. It has many halls, twers, and small-parks in it. It is ne f the greatest palaces in the wrld.
Huses f this kind are mstly
fund in Inner Mnglia (内蒙
古). They have been very ppular fr lng. They lk like big tents. On the tp there
is a rund hle which is pened during the day and clsed at night.