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专题16 主谓一致典型用法归纳（清单）--【知识大盘点】2024高考英语一轮复习知识大盘点红宝书
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这是一份专题16 主谓一致典型用法归纳（清单）--【知识大盘点】2024高考英语一轮复习知识大盘点红宝书，文件包含专题16主谓一致典型用法归纳-清单原卷版docx、专题16主谓一致典型用法归纳-清单解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。英语的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
【口袋书】专题16主谓一致典型用法归纳（清单）（解析版）
讲义目录
主谓一致考点思维导图 P1
考点清单一、就近一致两种典型用法 P2
考点清单二、就远一致典型用法 P2
考点清单三、意义一致五种典型用法 P3
考点清单四：语法一致八种典型用法 P4
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P8
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题） P8
分类训练（三）单句改错（高考真题） P9
分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达） P10
分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创） P11
（一）主谓一致语法填空（20空） P11
（二）沿海各地全力以赴防台风“泰利” P12
主谓一致考点思维导图
考点清单一、就近一致两种典型用法
要点精讲1：并列连词either…r…, neither…nr…, nt…but, nt nly…but als…等连接并列主语时，谓语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
例1：Is neither he nr yu telling the truth?
例2：Nt nly yu but als she is t blame fr the traffic accident.
例3：Neither the leader nr the farmers are respnsible fr the heavy lsses.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Nt nly Jim but als his parents _______ (be) fnd f playing basketball.
2. Bth yu and he _____ (be) t hst the Talent Shw in ur schl this year?
3. (2009湖南)Either yu r ne f yur students _______ (be) t attend the meeting that is due tmrrw.
【答案与解析】
1. are。nt nly…but als…表示“不但……而且……”，这里距离谓语最近的主语是his parents，复数意义。故答案是are。
2. are。bth…and表示“不但……而且……”，连接并列主语谓语抖音用复数形式。故答案是are。
3. is。either…r…表示“或者……或者……”，这里距离谓语最近的主语是ne f yur students，单数意义。be t d表示按计划将要发生，故答案是is。
要点精讲2：There be句型及The fllwing句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
例1：There is a pencil and tw dictinaries n the desk.
例2：There are tw dictinaries and a pencil n the desk.
例3：The fllwing is the infrmatin abut plays which will be n these days.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
4. The fllwing _______ (be) sme ther examples fr yu t refer t.
5. There _______(be) millins f websites n the Internet and there _______(be) a lt f useful infrmatin n the websites.
6. In the 1980s, buried in the sands ________ (be) an ancient village, like a time capsule.
【答案与解析】
4. are。The fllwing….属于倒装句，be动词应与后边的主语单复数保持一致。本句主语是sme ther examples，故答案是are。
5. are; is。There be…句型属于倒装句，be动词应与后边的主语单复数保持一致。两句主语分别是millins f websites和a lt f useful infrmatin，故答案是are; is。
6. was。句意：20世纪80年代，一个古老的村庄被埋在沙里，就像一个时间胶囊。根据句中时间状语In the 1980s可知，用一般过去时。分析句子结构可知，本句为倒装句，主语是 an ancient village，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。
考点清单二、就远一致典型用法
要点精讲：主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语with，alng with，tgether with, as well as, rather than, including, like, but, except，谓语动词在人称与数上应与前边的主语一致。
例1：N ne but Jhn and his teachers knws the truth f the experiment.
例2：Tm as well as tw f his friends was invited t my frty-ninth birthday party last Friday.
例3：Alice, tgether with her friends, was praised fr having wn hnr fr their schl.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
7. (2019江苏) The musician alng with his band members ______________(give) ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.
8. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brthers, _____________ (give) a welcme when returning t the village last week.
9. (2017天津)Nwadays, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, _____________(regard) as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise.
【答案与解析】
7. has given。in the last three mnths常与现在完成时连用；alng with his band members是介词短语，真正主语是The musician。故答案是has given。
8. was given。last week常与一般过去时连用；as well as her brthers表示“也，而且”，谓语与真正的主语Tm保持一致，单数意义，又是被动语态。故答案是was given。
9. is regarded。Nwadays常与一般现在时连用；alng with jgging and swimming是介词短语，真正主语是cycling，单数意义，又是被动含义。故答案是is regarded。
考点清单三、意义一致五种典型用法
要点精讲1：family, class, cmmittee, team, grup, crew, audience等集体名词强调整体谓语用单数，强调成员谓语用复数。
例1：The ftball team is made up f 23 members.
例2：The ftball team are taking their training curse n the playgrund.
例3：All the crew are n bard except the electrician.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
10. Her family_________ (be) larger than mine and her family __________ (watch) TV nw.
11. After hearing his inspiring speech, the audience _____________(mve) by his stry and his wrds.
12. The cmmittee _________ (make) up f 20 members, wh _________ (be) all experts in medicine.
【答案与解析】
10. is；are watching。该句意为：他们家庭比我们家大，现在她的家人们正在看电视。第一空family指整体，单数；第二空指家庭成员，应用复数。故答案是is；are watching。
11. were mved。根据语境逻辑应用一般过去时的被动语态；这里强调观众们，强调成员，应用复数形式。故答案是were mved。
12. is made; are。be made up f表示“由……组成”；the cmmittee这里强调整体，单数意义。第二空是定语从句，先行词是20 members，复数意义，故答案是is made; are。
要点精讲2：某些集体名词如peple, plice, cattle, xen谓语动词必须用复数。
例1：The plice are searching the frest fr the eight escaped prisners.
例2：The cattle are runded up in the evenings every day.
例3：The Chinese peple are characterized by mdesty.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
13. The plice _____________(search) fr the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
【答案与解析】
13. were searching。was/were ding…when…是固定句型，表示“正在做某事这时发生另一件意外的事”；plice表示警察总称，复数意义。故答案是were searching。
要点精讲3：单复数同形的名词(sheep, deer, wrks, means, species, Chinese, Japanese )等作主语时，谓语动词应根据其意义或限定词决定单、复数。
例1：This species has nearly died ut because its habitat is being destryed.
例2：Such a chemical wrks is t be clsed by the lcal gvernment next year.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
14. Every pssible means ____________(try) t prevent the air pllutin, but the sky is still nt clear.
15. All pssible means ____________(try) t prevent the air pllutin, but the sky is still nt clear.
【答案与解析】
14. has been tried。means用作名词，表示“方式；方法”，单复数同形。本句中means前边有限定词every,单数意义，故答案是has been tried。
15. have been tried。means用作名词，表示“方式；方法”，单复数同形。本句中means前边有限定词all,复数意义，故答案是have been tried。
要点精讲4：the + 形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich, the pr, the brave, the injured, the living, the wunded等。
例：The living are trying their best t rescue thse trapped in the ruins.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
16. The elderly _____________ (take) gd care f in ur cuntry at present.
【答案与解析】
16. are taken。结合语境应用被动语态；at present暗示用一般现在时；The elderly相当于The elderly peple，复数意义，故答案是are taken。
要点精讲5：名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常用单数。
例19：Eight hurs f sleep is enugh fr a child.
例20：The United Natins was funded n Octber 24, 1945.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
17. Three years___________(pass) since they met last time, and fr them, three years_____(be) really a lng time.
18. (2017江苏)The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which ___________(be) bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading nvelist.
【答案与解析】
17. has passed; is。前半句since应与现在完成时连用；时间、距离、金钱类名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数；第二空仍是单数意义，故答案是has passed; is。
18. was。Great Expectatins是英国小说家狄更斯的名著《远大前程》，表示书籍、单位等概念应视为单数；结合语境应用一般过去时，故答案是was。
考点清单四：语法一致八种典型用法
要点精讲1：不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
例1：Why he was absent frm the meeting yesterday is being questined.
例2：Planning s far ahead makes n sense----s many things will have changed by next year.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
19. When and where t build the new factry ______________(nt, decide) yet.
20. What we need _______ (be) enugh water, but what they need _______ (be) huses.
21. (2006天津)What we used t think _______(be) impssible nw des seem pssible.
22. (2010湖南)Listening t lud music at rck cncerts ___________(cause) hearing lss in sme teenagers.
【答案与解析】
19. isn’t decided /hasn’t been decided。动词不定式短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数；结合语境应用被动语态，故答案是isn’t decided /hasn’t been decided。
20. is; are。What引导主语从句且其解释作用，谓语动词应与be动词后面名词单复数保持一致，故答案是is; are。
21. was。used t d表示“过去常常会”，因此谓语应用一般过去时；同时从句作主语位于应用单数，故答案是was。
22. has caused。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数，结合语境应用现在完成时，故答案是has caused。
要点精讲2：分数,百分数,sme ,all, mst, the rest等修饰名词时,谓语动词与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。
例1：Mst f his incme has been spent n bks.
例2：What is the ppulatin f yur cuntry?
例3：Seventy percent f the ppulatin in that cuntry are still in pverty.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
23. 40% f the ppulatin in that cuntry ________(be) yung, and tw thirds f them _________(nt) knw hw t read and write.
24. (2006浙江)The cmpany had abut 20 ntebk cmputers but nly ne-third __________ (use) regularly. Nw we have 60 wrking all day lng.
25. (2011湖南) One-third f the cuntry__________(cver) with trees and the majrity f the citizens _______ (be) black peple.
【答案与解析】
23. are; dn’t。ppulatin作主语，谓语常用单数；若ppulatin被百分数、分数修饰谓语动词应用复数，故答案是are; dn’t。
24. were used。分数作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词单复数保持一致；这里ne third后面省略了f 20 ntebk cmputers，复数意义；结合语境应用一般过去时，故答案是were used。
25. is cvered; are。分数作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词单复数保持一致，本句分数后面中心名词是the cuntry，单数意义；be cvered with是固定词组；the majrity f…短语作主语，也与中心名词一致；这里是the citizens，应用复数。故答案是is cvered; are。
要点精讲3：and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every, 或n修饰时， 其谓语要用单数形式。
例1：A cart and hrse was seen in the directin f the twn.
例2：Many a by and many a girl has made the same mistake in the math exam.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
26. Butter and bread ________(be) their daily fd, but the bread and the butter __________(eat) up s far.
27. Early t bed and early t rise __________(make) a man healthy, happy and wise.
28. In ur cuntry every by and every girl ________(have) the right t receive educatin.
29. (2006江苏) A pet and artist _______ (be) cming t speak t us abut Chinese literature this afternn.
【答案与解析】
26. is; have been eaten。Butter and bread表示“黄油面包”，视为一个整体；第二空则指两件物品，应用复数，s far常与现在完成时连用，故答案是is; have been eaten。
27. makes。该句意为：早睡早起让人健康、快乐、明智。早睡早起都做到才算一个习惯，视为整体，故答案是makes。
28. has。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果有each, every时，其谓语要用单数形式，故答案是has。
29. is。A pet and artist表示“一位作家兼诗人”作主语，指一个人，谓语用单数，故答案是is。
要点精讲4：a large quantity/amunt f…作主语，谓语动词用单数；large quantities/amunts f…作主语，谓语动词用复数。
例1：A large amunt f mney is spent n advertisements every year.
例2：Large amunts f special fuel are needed t launch a rcket int space.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
30. (2005山东)With mre frests being destryed, huge quantities f earth ________(wash) away each year.
31.(2009福建)---Why des the lake smell terrible?
---Because large quantities f water__________ (pllute).
【答案与解析】
30. are being washed。large/huge quantities f…作主语，表示“很多……”，不管后接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词与quantities一致用复数，结合语境该动作还在进行又是被动语态，故答案是are being washed。
31. have been plluted。large/huge quantities f…作主语，表示“很多……”，不管后接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词与quantities一致用复数，结合语境该动作对现在造成了影响。同时又是被动语态，故答案是have been plluted。
要点精讲5：the number f…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number f表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。
例：The number f the students in Class 7 is 65. And a number f them are keen n reading.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
32.The number f peple invited ______ (be) fifty, but a number f them _______(be)absent fr different reasns.
33.(2006全国II)As yu can see, the number f cars n ur rads __________(keep) rising these days.
【答案与解析】
32. was; were。the number f…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number f表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是was; were。
33. keeps。the number f…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数，结合语境应用一般现在时，故答案是keeps。
要点精讲6：ne f …后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；the nly ne f 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。
例1：Jhnsn is ne f the farmers wh live in the valley.
例2：Jhnsn is the nly ne f the farmers wh lives in the valley.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
34.(2010全国II)Barbara is easy t recgnize as she’s the nly ne f the wmen wh________(wear) evening dress.
35. Tmmy was ne f the dctrs wh________ (be) devted t saving peple’s lives in WuHan.
【答案与解析】
34. wears。the nly ne f 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数；结合语境应用一般现在时。故答案是wears。
35. were。句意：Tmmy是武汉致力于救人的医生之一。根据前文“was”可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；分析句子可知，空格处是定语从句中的谓语动词，定语从句的先行词为the dctrs，关系词替代先行词，在从句中作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填were。
要点精讲7：all, bth, each, every, either, neither, nne等代词作主语，视意思而定。
例1：Each student in Class 29 has at least three dictinaries.
例2：The students each have at least three dictinaries.
例3：All f the mney was given t the pr villagers last mnth.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
36. The summer hliday is cming and we each ______(be) ready fr the picnic in the past weeks.
37."All _______ (be) present and all_______ (be) ging n well," ur head teacher said.
38. It is reprted that many a new huse_______________(build) at present in the disaster area.
39. (2008陕西)–Did yu g t the shw last night?
–Yeah. Every by and girl in the area___________ (invite).
40. (2012湖南) All the scientific evidence_____(shw) that increasing use f chemicals in farming _______ (be) damaging ur health.
【答案与解析】
36. are。本句each是同位语，真正主语是we,谓语用复数形式。故答案是are。
37. are; is。不定代词all作主语，指人时谓语用复数；指物时谓语用单数。故答案是are; is。
38. is being built。many a new huse表示“许多房屋”，但是遵循“语法一致”，谓语用单数；结合语境应用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案是is being built。
39. was invited。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every 或n修饰时，其谓语要用单数形式。结合语境应用一般过去时的被动语态。故答案是was invited。
40. shws; is。evidence表示“证据”，是不可数名词，谓语用单数；后半句主语是increasing use,仍是单数。故答案是shws; is。
要点精讲8：在It is…that…强调句型中也应考虑主谓一致。
例：It was Jim that was praised by the headmaster this mrning.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
41. It is I, wh _______ (be) yur teacher, will try my best t help yu ut.
42. It is cutting dwn f trees that________ (destry) the habitats f animals.
【答案与解析】
41. am。在It is…that…强调句型中被强调部分是主语时，wh/that后面谓语应与该主语保持一致。故答案是am。
42. destrys。句意：砍伐树木破坏了动物的栖息地。去掉句中的It is 和空处后，剩余部分：cutting dwn f trees destrys the habitats f animals，句意完整，成分齐全，所以本句使用了强调句型，对句子的主语cutting dwn f trees 进行强调，动名词作主语谓语动词用单数，故填destrys。
分类训练（一）高考真题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (2022新高考II) Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny.
2. (2021北京) As it ____________ (cnnect) things, yur brain turns them int a stry, and yu get a dream.
3. (2021天津) Currently, abut 35,000 wrks ____________(display) in ver 300 rms in the Luvre, and it wuld take a lifetime t see everything.
4. (2020江苏) If yu lk at all sides f the situatin, yu'll find prbably a slutin that _______ (suit) everyne.
5. (2020天津) The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and __________(remain) arund that level since.
6. (2020全国II)This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers __________ (carry) special significance.
7. (2019全国Ⅰ) Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
8. (2019全国II) I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______ (make) ver the years.
9. (2019全国III) On the last day f ur week-lng stay, we __________ (invite) t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars.
10. (2017全国Ⅰ)When fat and salt__________ (remve) frm fd, the fd tastes as if it is missing smething.
【答案与解析】
1. was fixing。这是was ding…sth when…句型，表示“正在……这时……”。
2. cnnects。结合语境应用一般现在时，同时单数意义。
3. are being displayed。时间状语Currently是关键。“当前，现在，目前”；结合语境应用被动语态。
4. suits。定语从句先行词是a slutin，遵循语法一致。
5. has remained。since常与现在完成时连用；remain是不及物动词，无被动语态。
6. carries。动名词短语decrating with plants, fruits and flwers作主语，谓语用单数。
7. are。结合语境应用一般现在时，构成并列句。
8. have made。时间状语ver the years是关键，常与现在完成时连用。
9. were invited。结合语境应用一般过去时，又是被动语态。
10. are remved。结合后面主句判断这里应用一般现在时的被动语态；同时主语是两个不同概念，复数意义。
分类训练（二）模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. Here _______ (be) a pen, a few pencils and sme paper fr yu.
12. Nw mre than ne member _______ (be) against the plan.
13. This kind f cartns _______ (sell)well in the bkstre while cartns f that kind ___________ badly (sell).
14. An irn and steel wrks, with sme satellite factries, _______ (be) t be built here.
15. E-mail, as well as telephnes, ________ (be) playing an imprtant part in daily cmmunicatin.
16. The father as well as his three children _______(g) skating n the frzen river every Sunday afternn in winter.
17. ---Each f the students wrking hard at their lessns __________ (read) the bk. ---S have I.
18. The number f the students wh ________(pssess) cell phnes ________(be) increasing rapidly, which affects the nrmal teaching badly.
19. Generally, students’ inner mtivatin with high expectatins frm thers ______ (be) essential t their develpment.
20. S far a series f prblems _____________(bring) abut by this decisin.
【答案与解析】
11. is。Here be/There be…后面有多个主语时，遵循“就近一致”原则。
12. is。mre than ne后接单数名词，遵循“就近一致”原则，用单数。
13. sells; sell。sell well是特殊结构，主动形式表示被动意义；第一空主语是This kind f cartns，单数意义；第二空主语是cartns，复数意义。
14. is。An irn and steel wrks表示“一家钢铁工厂”，谓语用单数；with sme satellite factries是介词短语。
15. is。as well as连接并列主语，谓语遵循“就远一致”原则，单数意义。
16. ges。every Sunday afternn in winter表示经常发生的动作，谓语应用一般现在时。
17. has read。S have I是倒装句，暗示前边也用现在完成时；wrking hard at their lessns作定语，真正主语是each。
18. pssess; is。第一空定语从句先行词是the students,谓语动词用复数；第二空主语是number，单数意义。
19. is。真正主语是students’ inner mtivatin，单数意义。
20. has been brught。S far表示“到现在为止”，常与现在完成时连用；结合语境应用被动语态。
分类训练（三）单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
21.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take a walk in the schl garden, the singing f insects becme mre meaningful t me.
22. Kate, ne f my clse friends, cme frm Guangzhu.
23. Nt nly the students but als the teacher wish fr a hliday.
24. The writer and translatr are delivering a speech in ur schl nw.
25. As a result f the serius fld, tw-thirds f the buildings in the area needs repairing.
26. Large quantities f fd has been sent t the fld-stricken victims in the past few days.
27. The teacher, as well as 6 girls and 8 bys, were visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
28. N ne in the department but Tm and I knw that the directr will resign.
29. The cuntry life the elderly cuple was used t have changed greatly since 1992.
30. What the science teacher des and says are f great imprtance t cllege students.
【答案与解析】
21. becme改为becmes。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。此处为一般现在时，主语为the singing f insects，谓语用三单形式。故becme改为becmes。
22. cme改为cmes。ne f my clse friends作主语同位语，故谓语动词应用单数。
23. wish改为wishes。Nt nly…but als…连接并列主语，谓语应遵循“就近一致”。
24. are改为is。The writer and translatr表示“那位作家兼翻译家”是同一个人，单数意义。
25. needs改为need。分数短语作主语，谓语应与中心名词单复数一致。
26. has改为have。Large quantities f后面谓语动词应用复数形式。
27. were改为was。as well as 6 girls and 8 bys应遵循“就远一致”，谓语用单数。
28. knw改为knws。主语后面是but, except等介词短语，谓语动词应与前边的主语保持一致。
29. have改为has。the elderly cuple was used t是定语从句，主语是The cuntry life，单数。
30. are改为is。 What从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
分类训练（四）句式升级
书面表达句式升级：请运用准确动词时态语态和主谓一致翻译下列各句。
31. (2022全国乙卷) 结果是说到学英语，学生们喜欢用娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
32. (2023全国乙卷) 学唱英文歌对我来说是难忘经历，这让我艺术性欣赏人生之美。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
33. (2022全国甲卷) 保护海洋就是保护我们自己。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
34. (2022全国甲卷) 海洋对于我们人类就像水对于鱼类一样重要。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
35. (2022全国甲卷) 世界海洋日，排在6月8日，目的是提高我们海洋保护意识。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
36. (2022新高考I卷) 首先，我们的节目每周工作日下午4：30开始，持续20分钟。这突出校园生活、最新国内国际新闻。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
37. (2022新高考I卷) 我是李华，负责talk and talk的学生，这是由我们学校广播站组织的栏目。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
38. (2022新高考I卷) 我谨代表校广播站邀请你担任我们Talk-talk栏目访谈嘉宾。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
39. (2021全国乙卷) 我在这里呼吁的是建立时间表，把线上学习和线下学习结合起来。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
40. (2021新高考I卷) 自从我订阅你们报纸以来成为忠实的读者。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
31. It turns ut that students favr the entertaining ways ver the traditinal nes when it cmes t English learning.
32. Learning singing English sngs was a memrable experience fr me, making me appreciate the beauty in my life artistically.
33. T prtect cean is t prtect urselves.
34. The ceans are t ur human beings what water is t fish.
35. Wrld Ocean Day, which falls n June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness f cean cnservatin.
36. First, ur prgramme starts at 4:30 pm every weekday and lasts 20 minutes. It mainly features n campus life and latest dmestic and internatinal news.
37. I am Li Hua, a student in charge f the prgram “talk and talk” launched in the bradcasting statin f ur schl.
38. I am writing n behalf f ur schl radi statin t invite yu t be ur welcme guest in an interview t be launched by Talk-talk.
39. What I call n here is t set up a timetable and try t cmbine nline study with ffline study.
40. I have been a devted reader since I subscribed t the newspaper Yuth.
分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）
（一）主谓一致语法填空（20空）
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，注意主谓一致。
My new deskmate James, whse parents 1 (teach) English in Guangzhu fr ten years, 2 (cme) frm the United States, which 3 (be) ne f the mst develped cuntries in the wrld. He as well as his parents 4 (enjy) living in Guangzhu because neither James nr his parents 5 (finding) it difficult t adapt t the life in China. In their pinin, many a custm here 6 (be) easy t understand and ten years 7 (be) enugh fr them t get used t all the custms. I, tgether with James, 8 (be) extremely fnd f English but physics 9 (seem) rather difficult fr us. Besides, bth he and I 10 (be) crazy abut reading stry bks, and the Arabian Nights 11 (be) ne f the mst interesting bks that 12 (read) by us. Our class 13 (unite) as a big family. Nw the whle class 14 (prepare) fr the cming sprts meet, s large quantities f ur recent time 15 (spend) n it. What we need 16 (be) a qualified cach because being trained prperly 17 (be) f great imprtance. We each 18 (be) fully aware that each f us 19 (play) an imprtant rle in ur class. We have decided t hld a celebratin if getting a gd result but when and where we are ging t hld it 20 (decide) yet.
【答案】
1. have been teaching/have taught 2. cmes 3. is 4. enjys 5. find 6. is 7. is 8.am 9. seems 10. are 11. is 12. have been read 13. is united 14. are preparing 15. have been spent 16. is 17. is 18. are 19. plays 20. hasn’t been decided/isn’t decided
（二）沿海各地全力以赴防台风“泰利”
Suth China prepares fr Typhn Talim
| Updated: 2023-07-18 00:54
Flights were canceled, ships 1 (call) back t prts, high-speed train services were suspended and peple in Suth China were tld they shuld stay hme n Mnday ahead f Typhn Talim's landfall. Strng wind and rain were expected 2 (hit) parts f Guangdng, Guangxi and Hainan prvinces frm 2 pm Mnday t 2 pm Tuesday, the Natinal Meterlgical Center said n Mnday.
The center renewed 3 (it) range alert, the secnd 4 (high) alert level, fr Talim n Mnday, while the China Meterlgical Administratin raised its emergency 5 (respnd) fr typhns t Level III.
At 3:30 pm Sunday, the marine department f the Hng Kng-Zhuhai-Maca Bridge 6 (temprary) clsed the sea channels 7 perate under the bridge t avid any accidents.
In Zhejiang, all fishing bats have been required t return t shelters, 8 majr bridges and scenic spts have been clsed. In additin, the city's water cnservancy departments are urged t be n duty 24 hurs t help deal with any emergencies ver the next tw days. Ferry and cruise 9 (service) alng the Pearl River were suspended at nn n Mnday in Guangzhu, and China Railway Guangzhu Grup decided t suspend passenger train peratins 10 the cities f Jiangmen, Zhanjiang, Maming and Haiku frm Mnday t Tuesday.
【答案】
1. were called 2. t hit 3. its 4. highest 5. respnse 6. temprarily 7. that/which 8. and 9. services 10. amng
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。英语的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
【口袋书】专题16主谓一致典型用法归纳（清单）（解析版）
讲义目录
主谓一致考点思维导图 P1
考点清单一、就近一致两种典型用法 P2
考点清单二、就远一致典型用法 P2
考点清单三、意义一致五种典型用法 P3
考点清单四：语法一致八种典型用法 P4
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P8
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题） P8
分类训练（三）单句改错（高考真题） P9
分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达） P10
分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创） P11
（一）主谓一致语法填空（20空） P11
（二）沿海各地全力以赴防台风“泰利” P12
主谓一致考点思维导图
考点清单一、就近一致两种典型用法
要点精讲1：并列连词either…r…, neither…nr…, nt…but, nt nly…but als…等连接并列主语时，谓语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
例1：Is neither he nr yu telling the truth?
例2：Nt nly yu but als she is t blame fr the traffic accident.
例3：Neither the leader nr the farmers are respnsible fr the heavy lsses.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Nt nly Jim but als his parents _______ (be) fnd f playing basketball.
2. Bth yu and he _____ (be) t hst the Talent Shw in ur schl this year?
3. (2009湖南)Either yu r ne f yur students _______ (be) t attend the meeting that is due tmrrw.
【答案与解析】
1. are。nt nly…but als…表示“不但……而且……”，这里距离谓语最近的主语是his parents，复数意义。故答案是are。
2. are。bth…and表示“不但……而且……”，连接并列主语谓语抖音用复数形式。故答案是are。
3. is。either…r…表示“或者……或者……”，这里距离谓语最近的主语是ne f yur students，单数意义。be t d表示按计划将要发生，故答案是is。
要点精讲2：There be句型及The fllwing句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。
例1：There is a pencil and tw dictinaries n the desk.
例2：There are tw dictinaries and a pencil n the desk.
例3：The fllwing is the infrmatin abut plays which will be n these days.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
4. The fllwing _______ (be) sme ther examples fr yu t refer t.
5. There _______(be) millins f websites n the Internet and there _______(be) a lt f useful infrmatin n the websites.
6. In the 1980s, buried in the sands ________ (be) an ancient village, like a time capsule.
【答案与解析】
4. are。The fllwing….属于倒装句，be动词应与后边的主语单复数保持一致。本句主语是sme ther examples，故答案是are。
5. are; is。There be…句型属于倒装句，be动词应与后边的主语单复数保持一致。两句主语分别是millins f websites和a lt f useful infrmatin，故答案是are; is。
6. was。句意：20世纪80年代，一个古老的村庄被埋在沙里，就像一个时间胶囊。根据句中时间状语In the 1980s可知，用一般过去时。分析句子结构可知，本句为倒装句，主语是 an ancient village，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。
考点清单二、就远一致典型用法
要点精讲：主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语with，alng with，tgether with, as well as, rather than, including, like, but, except，谓语动词在人称与数上应与前边的主语一致。
例1：N ne but Jhn and his teachers knws the truth f the experiment.
例2：Tm as well as tw f his friends was invited t my frty-ninth birthday party last Friday.
例3：Alice, tgether with her friends, was praised fr having wn hnr fr their schl.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
7. (2019江苏) The musician alng with his band members ______________(give) ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.
8. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brthers, _____________ (give) a welcme when returning t the village last week.
9. (2017天津)Nwadays, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, _____________(regard) as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise.
【答案与解析】
7. has given。in the last three mnths常与现在完成时连用；alng with his band members是介词短语，真正主语是The musician。故答案是has given。
8. was given。last week常与一般过去时连用；as well as her brthers表示“也，而且”，谓语与真正的主语Tm保持一致，单数意义，又是被动语态。故答案是was given。
9. is regarded。Nwadays常与一般现在时连用；alng with jgging and swimming是介词短语，真正主语是cycling，单数意义，又是被动含义。故答案是is regarded。
考点清单三、意义一致五种典型用法
要点精讲1：family, class, cmmittee, team, grup, crew, audience等集体名词强调整体谓语用单数，强调成员谓语用复数。
例1：The ftball team is made up f 23 members.
例2：The ftball team are taking their training curse n the playgrund.
例3：All the crew are n bard except the electrician.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
10. Her family_________ (be) larger than mine and her family __________ (watch) TV nw.
11. After hearing his inspiring speech, the audience _____________(mve) by his stry and his wrds.
12. The cmmittee _________ (make) up f 20 members, wh _________ (be) all experts in medicine.
【答案与解析】
10. is；are watching。该句意为：他们家庭比我们家大，现在她的家人们正在看电视。第一空family指整体，单数；第二空指家庭成员，应用复数。故答案是is；are watching。
11. were mved。根据语境逻辑应用一般过去时的被动语态；这里强调观众们，强调成员，应用复数形式。故答案是were mved。
12. is made; are。be made up f表示“由……组成”；the cmmittee这里强调整体，单数意义。第二空是定语从句，先行词是20 members，复数意义，故答案是is made; are。
要点精讲2：某些集体名词如peple, plice, cattle, xen谓语动词必须用复数。
例1：The plice are searching the frest fr the eight escaped prisners.
例2：The cattle are runded up in the evenings every day.
例3：The Chinese peple are characterized by mdesty.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
13. The plice _____________(search) fr the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
【答案与解析】
13. were searching。was/were ding…when…是固定句型，表示“正在做某事这时发生另一件意外的事”；plice表示警察总称，复数意义。故答案是were searching。
要点精讲3：单复数同形的名词(sheep, deer, wrks, means, species, Chinese, Japanese )等作主语时，谓语动词应根据其意义或限定词决定单、复数。
例1：This species has nearly died ut because its habitat is being destryed.
例2：Such a chemical wrks is t be clsed by the lcal gvernment next year.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
14. Every pssible means ____________(try) t prevent the air pllutin, but the sky is still nt clear.
15. All pssible means ____________(try) t prevent the air pllutin, but the sky is still nt clear.
【答案与解析】
14. has been tried。means用作名词，表示“方式；方法”，单复数同形。本句中means前边有限定词every,单数意义，故答案是has been tried。
15. have been tried。means用作名词，表示“方式；方法”，单复数同形。本句中means前边有限定词all,复数意义，故答案是have been tried。
要点精讲4：the + 形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich, the pr, the brave, the injured, the living, the wunded等。
例：The living are trying their best t rescue thse trapped in the ruins.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
16. The elderly _____________ (take) gd care f in ur cuntry at present.
【答案与解析】
16. are taken。结合语境应用被动语态；at present暗示用一般现在时；The elderly相当于The elderly peple，复数意义，故答案是are taken。
要点精讲5：名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常用单数。
例19：Eight hurs f sleep is enugh fr a child.
例20：The United Natins was funded n Octber 24, 1945.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
17. Three years___________(pass) since they met last time, and fr them, three years_____(be) really a lng time.
18. (2017江苏)The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which ___________(be) bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading nvelist.
【答案与解析】
17. has passed; is。前半句since应与现在完成时连用；时间、距离、金钱类名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数；第二空仍是单数意义，故答案是has passed; is。
18. was。Great Expectatins是英国小说家狄更斯的名著《远大前程》，表示书籍、单位等概念应视为单数；结合语境应用一般过去时，故答案是was。
考点清单四：语法一致八种典型用法
要点精讲1：不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
例1：Why he was absent frm the meeting yesterday is being questined.
例2：Planning s far ahead makes n sense----s many things will have changed by next year.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
19. When and where t build the new factry ______________(nt, decide) yet.
20. What we need _______ (be) enugh water, but what they need _______ (be) huses.
21. (2006天津)What we used t think _______(be) impssible nw des seem pssible.
22. (2010湖南)Listening t lud music at rck cncerts ___________(cause) hearing lss in sme teenagers.
【答案与解析】
19. isn’t decided /hasn’t been decided。动词不定式短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数；结合语境应用被动语态，故答案是isn’t decided /hasn’t been decided。
20. is; are。What引导主语从句且其解释作用，谓语动词应与be动词后面名词单复数保持一致，故答案是is; are。
21. was。used t d表示“过去常常会”，因此谓语应用一般过去时；同时从句作主语位于应用单数，故答案是was。
22. has caused。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数，结合语境应用现在完成时，故答案是has caused。
要点精讲2：分数,百分数,sme ,all, mst, the rest等修饰名词时,谓语动词与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。
例1：Mst f his incme has been spent n bks.
例2：What is the ppulatin f yur cuntry?
例3：Seventy percent f the ppulatin in that cuntry are still in pverty.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
23. 40% f the ppulatin in that cuntry ________(be) yung, and tw thirds f them _________(nt) knw hw t read and write.
24. (2006浙江)The cmpany had abut 20 ntebk cmputers but nly ne-third __________ (use) regularly. Nw we have 60 wrking all day lng.
25. (2011湖南) One-third f the cuntry__________(cver) with trees and the majrity f the citizens _______ (be) black peple.
【答案与解析】
23. are; dn’t。ppulatin作主语，谓语常用单数；若ppulatin被百分数、分数修饰谓语动词应用复数，故答案是are; dn’t。
24. were used。分数作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词单复数保持一致；这里ne third后面省略了f 20 ntebk cmputers，复数意义；结合语境应用一般过去时，故答案是were used。
25. is cvered; are。分数作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词单复数保持一致，本句分数后面中心名词是the cuntry，单数意义；be cvered with是固定词组；the majrity f…短语作主语，也与中心名词一致；这里是the citizens，应用复数。故答案是is cvered; are。
要点精讲3：and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every, 或n修饰时， 其谓语要用单数形式。
例1：A cart and hrse was seen in the directin f the twn.
例2：Many a by and many a girl has made the same mistake in the math exam.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
26. Butter and bread ________(be) their daily fd, but the bread and the butter __________(eat) up s far.
27. Early t bed and early t rise __________(make) a man healthy, happy and wise.
28. In ur cuntry every by and every girl ________(have) the right t receive educatin.
29. (2006江苏) A pet and artist _______ (be) cming t speak t us abut Chinese literature this afternn.
【答案与解析】
26. is; have been eaten。Butter and bread表示“黄油面包”，视为一个整体；第二空则指两件物品，应用复数，s far常与现在完成时连用，故答案是is; have been eaten。
27. makes。该句意为：早睡早起让人健康、快乐、明智。早睡早起都做到才算一个习惯，视为整体，故答案是makes。
28. has。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果有each, every时，其谓语要用单数形式，故答案是has。
29. is。A pet and artist表示“一位作家兼诗人”作主语，指一个人，谓语用单数，故答案是is。
要点精讲4：a large quantity/amunt f…作主语，谓语动词用单数；large quantities/amunts f…作主语，谓语动词用复数。
例1：A large amunt f mney is spent n advertisements every year.
例2：Large amunts f special fuel are needed t launch a rcket int space.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
30. (2005山东)With mre frests being destryed, huge quantities f earth ________(wash) away each year.
31.(2009福建)---Why des the lake smell terrible?
---Because large quantities f water__________ (pllute).
【答案与解析】
30. are being washed。large/huge quantities f…作主语，表示“很多……”，不管后接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词与quantities一致用复数，结合语境该动作还在进行又是被动语态，故答案是are being washed。
31. have been plluted。large/huge quantities f…作主语，表示“很多……”，不管后接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词与quantities一致用复数，结合语境该动作对现在造成了影响。同时又是被动语态，故答案是have been plluted。
要点精讲5：the number f…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number f表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。
例：The number f the students in Class 7 is 65. And a number f them are keen n reading.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
32.The number f peple invited ______ (be) fifty, but a number f them _______(be)absent fr different reasns.
33.(2006全国II)As yu can see, the number f cars n ur rads __________(keep) rising these days.
【答案与解析】
32. was; were。the number f…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number f表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是was; were。
33. keeps。the number f…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数，结合语境应用一般现在时，故答案是keeps。
要点精讲6：ne f …后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；the nly ne f 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。
例1：Jhnsn is ne f the farmers wh live in the valley.
例2：Jhnsn is the nly ne f the farmers wh lives in the valley.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
34.(2010全国II)Barbara is easy t recgnize as she’s the nly ne f the wmen wh________(wear) evening dress.
35. Tmmy was ne f the dctrs wh________ (be) devted t saving peple’s lives in WuHan.
【答案与解析】
34. wears。the nly ne f 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数；结合语境应用一般现在时。故答案是wears。
35. were。句意：Tmmy是武汉致力于救人的医生之一。根据前文“was”可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；分析句子可知，空格处是定语从句中的谓语动词，定语从句的先行词为the dctrs，关系词替代先行词，在从句中作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填were。
要点精讲7：all, bth, each, every, either, neither, nne等代词作主语，视意思而定。
例1：Each student in Class 29 has at least three dictinaries.
例2：The students each have at least three dictinaries.
例3：All f the mney was given t the pr villagers last mnth.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
36. The summer hliday is cming and we each ______(be) ready fr the picnic in the past weeks.
37."All _______ (be) present and all_______ (be) ging n well," ur head teacher said.
38. It is reprted that many a new huse_______________(build) at present in the disaster area.
39. (2008陕西)–Did yu g t the shw last night?
–Yeah. Every by and girl in the area___________ (invite).
40. (2012湖南) All the scientific evidence_____(shw) that increasing use f chemicals in farming _______ (be) damaging ur health.
【答案与解析】
36. are。本句each是同位语，真正主语是we,谓语用复数形式。故答案是are。
37. are; is。不定代词all作主语，指人时谓语用复数；指物时谓语用单数。故答案是are; is。
38. is being built。many a new huse表示“许多房屋”，但是遵循“语法一致”，谓语用单数；结合语境应用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案是is being built。
39. was invited。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every 或n修饰时，其谓语要用单数形式。结合语境应用一般过去时的被动语态。故答案是was invited。
40. shws; is。evidence表示“证据”，是不可数名词，谓语用单数；后半句主语是increasing use,仍是单数。故答案是shws; is。
要点精讲8：在It is…that…强调句型中也应考虑主谓一致。
例：It was Jim that was praised by the headmaster this mrning.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
41. It is I, wh _______ (be) yur teacher, will try my best t help yu ut.
42. It is cutting dwn f trees that________ (destry) the habitats f animals.
【答案与解析】
41. am。在It is…that…强调句型中被强调部分是主语时，wh/that后面谓语应与该主语保持一致。故答案是am。
42. destrys。句意：砍伐树木破坏了动物的栖息地。去掉句中的It is 和空处后，剩余部分：cutting dwn f trees destrys the habitats f animals，句意完整，成分齐全，所以本句使用了强调句型，对句子的主语cutting dwn f trees 进行强调，动名词作主语谓语动词用单数，故填destrys。
分类训练（一）高考真题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (2022新高考II) Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny.
2. (2021北京) As it ____________ (cnnect) things, yur brain turns them int a stry, and yu get a dream.
3. (2021天津) Currently, abut 35,000 wrks ____________(display) in ver 300 rms in the Luvre, and it wuld take a lifetime t see everything.
4. (2020江苏) If yu lk at all sides f the situatin, yu'll find prbably a slutin that _______ (suit) everyne.
5. (2020天津) The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and __________(remain) arund that level since.
6. (2020全国II)This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers __________ (carry) special significance.
7. (2019全国Ⅰ) Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
8. (2019全国II) I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______ (make) ver the years.
9. (2019全国III) On the last day f ur week-lng stay, we __________ (invite) t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars.
10. (2017全国Ⅰ)When fat and salt__________ (remve) frm fd, the fd tastes as if it is missing smething.
【答案与解析】
1. was fixing。这是was ding…sth when…句型，表示“正在……这时……”。
2. cnnects。结合语境应用一般现在时，同时单数意义。
3. are being displayed。时间状语Currently是关键。“当前，现在，目前”；结合语境应用被动语态。
4. suits。定语从句先行词是a slutin，遵循语法一致。
5. has remained。since常与现在完成时连用；remain是不及物动词，无被动语态。
6. carries。动名词短语decrating with plants, fruits and flwers作主语，谓语用单数。
7. are。结合语境应用一般现在时，构成并列句。
8. have made。时间状语ver the years是关键，常与现在完成时连用。
9. were invited。结合语境应用一般过去时，又是被动语态。
10. are remved。结合后面主句判断这里应用一般现在时的被动语态；同时主语是两个不同概念，复数意义。
分类训练（二）模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. Here _______ (be) a pen, a few pencils and sme paper fr yu.
12. Nw mre than ne member _______ (be) against the plan.
13. This kind f cartns _______ (sell)well in the bkstre while cartns f that kind ___________ badly (sell).
14. An irn and steel wrks, with sme satellite factries, _______ (be) t be built here.
15. E-mail, as well as telephnes, ________ (be) playing an imprtant part in daily cmmunicatin.
16. The father as well as his three children _______(g) skating n the frzen river every Sunday afternn in winter.
17. ---Each f the students wrking hard at their lessns __________ (read) the bk. ---S have I.
18. The number f the students wh ________(pssess) cell phnes ________(be) increasing rapidly, which affects the nrmal teaching badly.
19. Generally, students’ inner mtivatin with high expectatins frm thers ______ (be) essential t their develpment.
20. S far a series f prblems _____________(bring) abut by this decisin.
【答案与解析】
11. is。Here be/There be…后面有多个主语时，遵循“就近一致”原则。
12. is。mre than ne后接单数名词，遵循“就近一致”原则，用单数。
13. sells; sell。sell well是特殊结构，主动形式表示被动意义；第一空主语是This kind f cartns，单数意义；第二空主语是cartns，复数意义。
14. is。An irn and steel wrks表示“一家钢铁工厂”，谓语用单数；with sme satellite factries是介词短语。
15. is。as well as连接并列主语，谓语遵循“就远一致”原则，单数意义。
16. ges。every Sunday afternn in winter表示经常发生的动作，谓语应用一般现在时。
17. has read。S have I是倒装句，暗示前边也用现在完成时；wrking hard at their lessns作定语，真正主语是each。
18. pssess; is。第一空定语从句先行词是the students,谓语动词用复数；第二空主语是number，单数意义。
19. is。真正主语是students’ inner mtivatin，单数意义。
20. has been brught。S far表示“到现在为止”，常与现在完成时连用；结合语境应用被动语态。
分类训练（三）单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
21.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take a walk in the schl garden, the singing f insects becme mre meaningful t me.
22. Kate, ne f my clse friends, cme frm Guangzhu.
23. Nt nly the students but als the teacher wish fr a hliday.
24. The writer and translatr are delivering a speech in ur schl nw.
25. As a result f the serius fld, tw-thirds f the buildings in the area needs repairing.
26. Large quantities f fd has been sent t the fld-stricken victims in the past few days.
27. The teacher, as well as 6 girls and 8 bys, were visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
28. N ne in the department but Tm and I knw that the directr will resign.
29. The cuntry life the elderly cuple was used t have changed greatly since 1992.
30. What the science teacher des and says are f great imprtance t cllege students.
【答案与解析】
21. becme改为becmes。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。此处为一般现在时，主语为the singing f insects，谓语用三单形式。故becme改为becmes。
22. cme改为cmes。ne f my clse friends作主语同位语，故谓语动词应用单数。
23. wish改为wishes。Nt nly…but als…连接并列主语，谓语应遵循“就近一致”。
24. are改为is。The writer and translatr表示“那位作家兼翻译家”是同一个人，单数意义。
25. needs改为need。分数短语作主语，谓语应与中心名词单复数一致。
26. has改为have。Large quantities f后面谓语动词应用复数形式。
27. were改为was。as well as 6 girls and 8 bys应遵循“就远一致”，谓语用单数。
28. knw改为knws。主语后面是but, except等介词短语，谓语动词应与前边的主语保持一致。
29. have改为has。the elderly cuple was used t是定语从句，主语是The cuntry life，单数。
30. are改为is。 What从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。
分类训练（四）句式升级
书面表达句式升级：请运用准确动词时态语态和主谓一致翻译下列各句。
31. (2022全国乙卷) 结果是说到学英语，学生们喜欢用娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
32. (2023全国乙卷) 学唱英文歌对我来说是难忘经历，这让我艺术性欣赏人生之美。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
33. (2022全国甲卷) 保护海洋就是保护我们自己。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
34. (2022全国甲卷) 海洋对于我们人类就像水对于鱼类一样重要。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
35. (2022全国甲卷) 世界海洋日，排在6月8日，目的是提高我们海洋保护意识。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
36. (2022新高考I卷) 首先，我们的节目每周工作日下午4：30开始，持续20分钟。这突出校园生活、最新国内国际新闻。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
37. (2022新高考I卷) 我是李华，负责talk and talk的学生，这是由我们学校广播站组织的栏目。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
38. (2022新高考I卷) 我谨代表校广播站邀请你担任我们Talk-talk栏目访谈嘉宾。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
39. (2021全国乙卷) 我在这里呼吁的是建立时间表，把线上学习和线下学习结合起来。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
40. (2021新高考I卷) 自从我订阅你们报纸以来成为忠实的读者。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
31. It turns ut that students favr the entertaining ways ver the traditinal nes when it cmes t English learning.
32. Learning singing English sngs was a memrable experience fr me, making me appreciate the beauty in my life artistically.
33. T prtect cean is t prtect urselves.
34. The ceans are t ur human beings what water is t fish.
35. Wrld Ocean Day, which falls n June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness f cean cnservatin.
36. First, ur prgramme starts at 4:30 pm every weekday and lasts 20 minutes. It mainly features n campus life and latest dmestic and internatinal news.
37. I am Li Hua, a student in charge f the prgram “talk and talk” launched in the bradcasting statin f ur schl.
38. I am writing n behalf f ur schl radi statin t invite yu t be ur welcme guest in an interview t be launched by Talk-talk.
39. What I call n here is t set up a timetable and try t cmbine nline study with ffline study.
40. I have been a devted reader since I subscribed t the newspaper Yuth.
分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）
（一）主谓一致语法填空（20空）
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，注意主谓一致。
My new deskmate James, whse parents 1 (teach) English in Guangzhu fr ten years, 2 (cme) frm the United States, which 3 (be) ne f the mst develped cuntries in the wrld. He as well as his parents 4 (enjy) living in Guangzhu because neither James nr his parents 5 (finding) it difficult t adapt t the life in China. In their pinin, many a custm here 6 (be) easy t understand and ten years 7 (be) enugh fr them t get used t all the custms. I, tgether with James, 8 (be) extremely fnd f English but physics 9 (seem) rather difficult fr us. Besides, bth he and I 10 (be) crazy abut reading stry bks, and the Arabian Nights 11 (be) ne f the mst interesting bks that 12 (read) by us. Our class 13 (unite) as a big family. Nw the whle class 14 (prepare) fr the cming sprts meet, s large quantities f ur recent time 15 (spend) n it. What we need 16 (be) a qualified cach because being trained prperly 17 (be) f great imprtance. We each 18 (be) fully aware that each f us 19 (play) an imprtant rle in ur class. We have decided t hld a celebratin if getting a gd result but when and where we are ging t hld it 20 (decide) yet.
【答案】
1. have been teaching/have taught 2. cmes 3. is 4. enjys 5. find 6. is 7. is 8.am 9. seems 10. are 11. is 12. have been read 13. is united 14. are preparing 15. have been spent 16. is 17. is 18. are 19. plays 20. hasn’t been decided/isn’t decided
（二）沿海各地全力以赴防台风“泰利”
Suth China prepares fr Typhn Talim
| Updated: 2023-07-18 00:54
Flights were canceled, ships 1 (call) back t prts, high-speed train services were suspended and peple in Suth China were tld they shuld stay hme n Mnday ahead f Typhn Talim's landfall. Strng wind and rain were expected 2 (hit) parts f Guangdng, Guangxi and Hainan prvinces frm 2 pm Mnday t 2 pm Tuesday, the Natinal Meterlgical Center said n Mnday.
The center renewed 3 (it) range alert, the secnd 4 (high) alert level, fr Talim n Mnday, while the China Meterlgical Administratin raised its emergency 5 (respnd) fr typhns t Level III.
At 3:30 pm Sunday, the marine department f the Hng Kng-Zhuhai-Maca Bridge 6 (temprary) clsed the sea channels 7 perate under the bridge t avid any accidents.
In Zhejiang, all fishing bats have been required t return t shelters, 8 majr bridges and scenic spts have been clsed. In additin, the city's water cnservancy departments are urged t be n duty 24 hurs t help deal with any emergencies ver the next tw days. Ferry and cruise 9 (service) alng the Pearl River were suspended at nn n Mnday in Guangzhu, and China Railway Guangzhu Grup decided t suspend passenger train peratins 10 the cities f Jiangmen, Zhanjiang, Maming and Haiku frm Mnday t Tuesday.
【答案】
1. were called 2. t hit 3. its 4. highest 5. respnse 6. temprarily 7. that/which 8. and 9. services 10. amng
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