语法专题06 形容词和副词【考点精讲精练】-最新中考语法一点通讲义

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中考总复习一般分为三轮：
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。
通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。
第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。
复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。
语法专题六、形容词和副词（必考）
考点精讲
考点1：形容词、副词的基本用法
(1) 形容词一般放在名词前面, be动词后面。副词一般放在动词后面或形容词前面 ，副词一般以ly结尾。（特例-ly结尾的形容词：friendly友好的, lvely可爱的, lively活泼的）
但有的动词后面只能用形容词。如常考词：五个感官动词：lk， feel，smell， taste， sund；四个变得 ：turn， get， becme，g (变质)； 四个句型： keep， make，think, make /stay
如：The bk is interesting. This is an interesting bk .The by lks sad.
(2) 形容词修饰复合不定代词 (smething， anything， nthing， everything， smebdy anybdy， nbdy， everybdy， everyne)时，要放在这些复合不定代词的后面。
如：The teacher has smething imprtant t tell us.
(3) enugh (足够) 放在名词前面，形容词、副词后面。
如：I dn't have enugh mney t buy the bike.
(2022·云南省昆明市·单元测试)—Hw abut the fruit salad?
—Yummy! It tastes very ______. By the way, wh made it?
A. gdB. badC. wellD. badly
考点2：形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的变化规则
考点3：形容词、副词的基本句型
(1) 原级的用法
(2) 比较级的用法 （两者的比较或选择）
注意：比较级前面还可以用以下词来修饰：much（得多）， a little/a bit ( 有点)， even（甚至）， far（远远地）， still（仍然）， three times （三倍）等。 例如：
Why nt get up a little earlier？
The bk is twice cheaper than that ne.
(3) 最高级的用法 （三者或以上的比较或选择）
注意：
(1) 形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时不用the：He is my best friend.
(2) 同类事物才能够相比较：The weather in Guangzhu is htter than that in Beijing.
(2014·天津市·历年真题)Liu Xiang is ne f runners in the wrld．
A. famusB. mre famusC. mst famusD. the mst famus
考点4【易混词辨析】
(1)alne， lnely
① alne 形容词，“单独的，独自的”。副词，“独自地”。
② lnely 形容词，“孤独的，寂寞的，荒凉的”。如He lives alne, but he desn’t feel lnely.
(2) gd， well
① gd 形容词，“好的”。
② well 副词，是“好地 ”意思。作形容词时是“身体健康的”。作名词时是“井”。
(3) interesting， interested， interest
① interesting 形容词，“有趣的”。
② interested 形容词，“感到有趣的”。常用词组：be interested in (对……感兴趣)
③ interest 名词，“兴趣，爱好”。动词，“使某人感兴趣”。
注意：-ing 类形容词常用来形容物。-ed类形容词常用来形容人的感觉。
Mst students are excited abut the exciting film.
(4) hard， hardly
① hard形容词，“大的，困难的，硬的”。副词，“大地，努力地”。
② hardly 副词，“几乎不”。
(5) sme times， smetimes， sme time， smetime
① sme times 几次或几倍 ②smetimes 有时＝at times
③ smetime 过去或将来的某个时候 ④sme time 一段时间
(6) much t， t much， t many
①much t ＋形容词、副词原级；表示“非常，极其，太”
②t much ＋ 不可数名词；表示“太多”。
③t many ＋ 名词复数； 表示“太多”。
(7) s，such “如此；这样”
① s＋adj. /adv. ; 如 She is s beautiful.她是如此的美丽。
② such (＋a/an)＋adj. ＋n. 如 She is such a beautiful girl.她是如此美丽的一个女孩儿。
(8) either， t， als
either和 t都放于句尾。either用于否定句，t用于肯定句。
als用于句子中间。We als went t see a film.
考点5 词义辨析
形容词和副词还有一个重要考点就是词义辨析，根据题意选择正确的形容词或副词。所以背诵单词是基础，同学们一定要坚持每天背诵单词，烂熟于心。
考点精练
中考语法—形容词和副词专项练习
（共计50小题，每小题2分，总分100分。）
She lived _________in a small village，but she didn't feel__________．
A. lnely，lnelyB. alne，lnelyC. lnely，alne
This bk is nt ______ that ne.
A. as gd asB. s gd thanC. as well asD. s better than
We dn’t have _________, s we can’t d the wrk ___________.
A. enugh time; well enughB. enugh time; gd enugh
C. time enugh; enugh gdD. enugh time; enugh well
As an adult, he must wrk ______ t make ______ t supprt his family.
A. hardly enugh; enugh mneyB. enugh hard; enugh mney
C. hardly enugh; mney enughD. hard enugh; enugh mney
—Have yu bught_________fr Linda’s birthday? —Nt exactly. Just sme flwers.
A. smething unusualB. anything unusual
C. unusual smethingD. unusual anything
—Is there ______ in tdayˈs newspaper?
—Yes, quite a lt.
A. anything interestingB. smething interesting
C. interesting anythingD. interesting smething
T make rivers_______________ than befre， everybdy is suppsed t prtect them．
A. dirtyB. dirtierC. cleanD. cleaner
I failed t catch the last bus n that cld winter night. I culdn't feel then.
A. mre excitedB. mre terrible
C. the mst excitedD. the mst terrible
My time in the middle schl was ______ ne f perids f my life.
A. excitingB. mre exciting
C. the mre excitingD. the mst exciting
—Let's g ut fr a walk.
—Yu'd better nt. These days the air is getting much ______ than it was befre.
A. betterB. wrseC. cleanerD. easier
—What d yu think f the film?
—It's _______ film I've ever seen.
A. the mst excitedB. mre excited
C. the mst excitingD. mre exciting
Tm studies ______, s he ______ fails the exam.
A. hardly; hardlyB. hard; hardlyC. hard; hardD. hardly; hard
My cusin is ____ heavy because he ften eats ____ fast fd.
A. much t; t manyB. t much; t much
C. much t; t much
The wman is ______ fat because she eats ______ junk fd.
A. much t; t muchB. much t; much t
C. t much; t muchD. t many; much t
It was ______ fr us t slve the math prblem, few f us culd even understand it.
A. easy enughB. enugh easy
C. difficult enughD. enugh difficult
Clth shes became ppular during the Ming Dynasty,______ in Sichuan prvince.
A. hardlyB. nearlyC. reallyD. especially
— Is yur father strict with yu?
—Yes. He takes my grades as ______ as my teachers d.
A. seriusB. mre seriusC. seriuslyD. mre seriusly
Tina ______ drives t wrk. But tday she drives because f the rain.
A. alwaysB. ftenC. smetimesD. hardly
—Yur handwriting is beautiful.
—Thank yu, I write _________ than befre.
A. carefulB. mre carefulC. mre carefullyD. carefully
It is ______fr him t get t schl n time，because it is raining ______．
A. hard； hardlyB. hardly； hardC. hard； hard
—Hell, Jenny. I can't find my math bk ______. Did yu see it?
—Srry, I didn't.
A. everywhereB. anywhereC. smewhereD. nwhere
My father is very busy. He ________ has spare time.
A. alwaysB. usuallyC. seldmD. smetimes
______ yu study, the better grades yu will get.
A. HardB. HarderC. The harderD. The hardest
—May I be allwed t chse a summer curse？
—It's up t yu． Yu're ____ t make yur wn decisin．
A. t ldB. enugh ldC. ld enugh
Jenny, it's time t practice the pian. ______yu practice, _______yu'll play.
A. Mre; betterB. Mre; wrse
C. The mre; the betterD. The less; the better
Learn ______, and yu will be a successful learner.
A. wiselyB. lazilyC. quicklyD. blindly
The specials in the restaurant taste and sell .Many custmers cme here n weekends.
A. well；gdB. gd；gdC. gd；well
Ry is a great dancer. He dances_______than thers.
A. beautifullyB. mre beautifully
C. less beautifullyD. mst beautifully
Nra pened the bx. T her surprise, ______ it was a gld watch.
A. utsideB. insideC. besideD. behind
The cach thinks ________ f Mary's sprts talents, fr she jumped very ________ at the sprts meeting.
A. high; highB. highly; highlyC. high; highlyD. highly; high
Have yu seen my mbile phne, Sam? I can't find it ______.
A. everywhereB. smewhereC. nwhereD. anywhere
T avid making mistakes, please read the questins ______ befre yu answer them.
A. carefulB. carelessC. carefullyD. carelessly
—Hw ften d yu usually g t wrk by subway?
—______. I always take a bus, because there is n subway in this city.
A. SmetimesB. OftenC. NeverD. Seldm
—Why didn′t yu g t the party?
—It began t rain ________ when I wanted t g ut.
A. heavyB. heavilyC. hardlyD. strng
The mdel Sydney Opera Huse lks ______ the real ne in Australia.
A. as wnderful asB. as wnderfully as
C. s wnderful asD. s wnderfully as
This temple is ne f ______ buildings in the twn. We must take actin t prtect it.
A. ldB. lderC. ldestD. the ldest
Kate is girl. She's very happy at schl.
A. a eighteen-year-ldB. an eighteen-year-ld
C. an eighteen-years-ldD. a eighteen-years-ld
What bad weather! The radi says it will be even ________ tmrrw.
A. badB. badlyC. wrseD. wrst
Yu are ding great! I've never had ___________ answer befre.
A. betterB. bestC. a betterD. the best
Mst f the peple in Tibet are getting__________．
A. mre and mre richB. mre rich and mre rich
C. richer and richerD. richer and richest
—Hw d yu like Harry Ptter and the Philspher's Stne?
—It is ________ bk I ________ since Grade Tw.
A. the mst interested； have readB. a mre interested； read
C. the mst interesting； have readD. a mre interesting； read
— Are these _____ girlsˈ wnderful perfrmances recrded?
— N, they are cvered _____.
A. alive; liveB. lively; aliveC. alive; aliveD. lively; live
The little girl is wearing a new skirt tday. She lks ________.
A. beautifullyB. lvelyC. happilyD. excitedly
When Ben saw his lvely dg—Sam, he was ________.
A. happyB. happilyC. mre happyD. happlier
Susan has a ________ vice and her dream is t becme a pp singer sme day.
A. happilyB. quietlyC. beautifullyD. lvely
It is better t travel 10,000 miles _______ t read 10,000 bks.
A. asB. butC. nrD. than
—Where wuld yu like t spend yur winter vacatin?
—I'd like t g ________. I dn't like cld places.
A. smewhere warmB. warm smewhereC. anywhere warmD. warm anywhere
Miss Liu can sing a lt f English sngs and she can sing them ___ .
A. gdB. happyC. wellD. bad
What ______ weather! It’s been raining______ fr ten days.
A. awful, badB. awfully, badlyC. awful, badlyD. awfully, bad
It made me s______t see sme wild animals being treated_____.
A. angrily; badlyB. angry; badC. angrily; badD. angry; badly
基 本 变 化 规 则
例 词
(1) 一般情况下比较级在词尾直接加er，最高级加est。
small—smaller—smallest
strng—strnger—strngest
(2) 以e结尾的词，在词尾加r构成比较级，加st构成最高级。
nice—nicer—nicest
late—later—latest
(3) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，把y改i， 再加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级。
heavy—heavier—heaviest
easy—easier—easiest
(4) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写辅音字母， 再加er或est构成比较级和最高级。
big—bigger—biggest
ht—htter—httest
fat---fatter---fattest
red---redder---reddest
thin---thinner---thinnest
(5) 其他双音节或多音节词在词前加mre构成比较级，加mst构成最高级,最高级前加the
imprtant—mre imprtant—mst imprtant strngly—mre strngly—mst strngly
carefully---mre carefully---mst carefully
不 规 则 变 化 的 词
many / much – mre – mst
gd / well – better - best
bad / badly / ill – wrse –wrst
little—less—least
far—farther—farthest (距离远)
far—further—furthest (深入的，)
ld—lder—ldest (岁数大，东西旧)/
ld—elder—eldest (辈份大)
形容词等级口诀
比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er，词尾若有哑音就可以直接加r。
一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写。辅音字母后有y，把y改成i。
最高级加-est，莫忘前面加the。形容词若是多音节，记得前面加mre、mst。
句型
例句
① very， quite， rather， t， enugh， s 等词修饰原级
① The street is very busy.
② The bk is quite interesting.
② 表示 A 与B一样时，用：
A …＋as＋原级 ＋as ＋B (和……一样)
① Tm is as tall as Kate.
② Tm runs as quickly as Kate
③ 表示 A 不如B 时， 用：
A…＋nt ＋as / s ＋原级 ＋as＋B (不如)
①This stry isn't as / s interesting as that ne.②My brther desn't write as / s well as me.
句型
例句
比较级 ＋ than ＋ 被比较的对象
① He is taller than his father.
② Wh jumps higher， Tm r Jim？
② 比较级＋ and ＋ 比较级
mre and mre ＋原级
① htter and htter 越来越热
② mre and mre useful 越来越有用
③ the ＋ 比较级， the ＋ 比较级
（越……，越……）
① The mre yu take exercise， the healthier yu will be.
④ less +原级+ than （不如）
① The rm is less beautiful than that ne.
⑤ the + 比较级 + f the tw
（两者中更…:）
① Jim is the taller f the tw.
句型
例句
① the ＋ 最高级 ＋f / in ＋比较的范围
① I am the earliest in my class every day.
② Which d yu like best, English , Chinese r math?
② ne f the ＋ 最高级 ＋ 名词复数
(最……之一)
① This is ne f the mst expensive paintings in the wrld.
③ the ＋ 序数词 ＋ 最高级 ＋ 名词单数
(第几最……)
① Shanghai is the first largest city in China.