语法专题01 冠词【考点精讲精练】-最新中考语法一点通讲义

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中考总复习一般分为三轮：
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。
通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。
第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。
复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。
语法专题一、冠词（必考）
考点精讲
考点1 不定冠词 a/an
（1）泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。
（2）在叙述时用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前。“每一”，“一个”
（3）用在形容词最高级前，表示“非常；很”等，不强调比较。此用法比较特殊。形容词最高级前更常见的是用定冠词the，表示“最”，有比较。例如：
This is a mst beautiful park.
这是一个非常漂亮的公园。
I have been t many parks. This is the mst beautiful ne.
我去过很多公园。这是最漂亮的一个。
（4）用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。强调数量上的增加。表泛指。此用法比较特殊。序数词前更常见的是用定冠词the，表顺序，特指“第几”。例如：
Chinese cuple are allwed t have __a__ third child.
中国夫妻允许生三胎。
Mr Smith has three children. Helen is the third ne.
史密斯先生有三个孩子。海伦是第三个。
（5）某些固定词组前用不定冠词。例如：
have a gd time, in a hurry, have a rest, fr a while, take a walk, have a cld
（6）特别注意：a / an 的区别
a 用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an 用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前。注意用a还是an，看的是后面单词发音的第一个音素，而不是看单词第一个字母是否元音字母。如 a bk , an range , an egg, an artist, an imprtant visit，an African/ Asian cuntry
注意：
① u发音为 / ju:/ 时，单词前用a . 如： a usual by； a university；
a useful bk； 注意另外两个特殊词: a ne-leg table ; a Eurpean cuntry
u发音为元音时，单词前用an.如： an unusual mnkey, an umbrella,
② 常见辅音字母不发音的单词有：an hnest by； an hur
③ 单独字母前的用an记忆口诀： “Mr. Li has ne fx.”
There is an “f” and an “” in the wrd “frg”.
在frg这个单词里面，有一个f和一个。
My uncle bught me an Mp4 n my birthday.
我叔叔在我生日给我买了一个Mp4.
My aunt is ______ English teacher. She teaches in ______university.
a; a B. an; an C. an; a D. a; an
English is ______ useful subject, and I study English fr ______ hur every day.
A. a; aB. an; anC. an; aD. a; an
考点2 定冠词 the
[助记口诀] “独 指 方、高 乐 序、惯 家 形”
I have _______ Eurpean pen friend, and he likes playing _______ guitar.
A. an; /B. an; theC. a; /D. a; the
—Wh’s ______ man under the tree?
—He's my uncle, ______ actr.
A. a; theB. a; anC. the; theD. the; an
考点3 零冠词（不用冠词）
注意：1.中国的传统节日前一般加“the”： the Spring Festival 春节、the Lantern Festival元宵节、the Dragn Bat Festival端午节、the Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节.
西方节日前用零冠词：Christmas圣诞节, Thanksgiving感恩节, Hallween万圣节
2.具体某年的季节前一般加“the”：in the winter f 2009
3.但三餐饭前如有形容词修饰时，可以用冠词，如：have a nice breakfast
4.by+交通工具；take+冠词/物主代词+交通工具
5.有定冠词与无定冠词的区别：
（1）g t schl 去上学（是学生）---g t the schl 到学校去（不一定是学生）
（2）g t bed 上床睡觉---g t the bed 走到床前（不一定是去睡觉）
（3） in hspital 因病住院---in the hspital 在医院里（不一定是病人）
（4）at table 吃饭---at the table 在桌子旁边
（5）at schl 在上学---at the schl 在学校里
（6） in class 在上课---in the class 在班级里
（7） in future 今后---in the future 将来
（8）in frnt f 在（……外部的）前面---in the frnt f 在（……内部的）前面
（9）next year 明年（一般将来时）---the next year 第二年（一般过去时）
（10）by sea 乘船---by the sea 在海边
（11） in bed （睡、病、躺）在床上---in the bed （某物）在床上
（12） n earth 究竟---n the earth 在地球上
—Des yur teacher g t wrk by ______ car every day?
—N. He usually takes ______ bus.
A. /；/B. /; theC. a; theD. the; a
考点精练
中考语法—冠词专项练习
（共计50小题，每小题2分，总分100分。）
There is ______ unifrm n the sfa, and ______ unifrm is fr yu.
A. a; /B. an; /C. an; theD. a; the
Angel lves life and keeping ______.
A. an diaryB. a diariesC. a diaryD. diary
This is ______ “h” and that is ______ “u”
A. a; aB. a; anC. an; aD. an;an
— Sally is ______ middle schl student. Hw abut her brther?
— He is ______ English teacher.
A. a；anB. an；aC. a；aD. an；an
I have _______ Eurpean pen friend, and he likes playing _______ guitar.
A. an; /B. an; theC. a; /D. a; the
________ clever girl Kitty is! She can cme up with sme creative ways t finish the prject.
A. WhatB. Hw aC. HwD. What a
My cusin Betty is_____ftball fan.
A. /B. anC. theD. a
English is ______ useful subject, and I study English fr ______ hur every day.
A. a; aB. an; anC. an; aD. a; an
I have_____uncle and _____aunt.
A. a, a B. an, an C. a, an D. an, a
She is ______ famus singer in China and has many fans.
A. the B. a C. an D. /
—What's matter with the ld man?
—He desn't feel well. He has high fever.
A. /; theB. /; aC. the; theD. the; a
I gt a dg yesterday as a birthday gift. _____ dg is very cute and I like it.
A. The B. / C. A D. An
—Lk at ______ by ver there. He lks excited.
—Yeah, he has wn ______ first prize in the schl English Reading & Writing Cmpetitin.
A. a; theB. the; aC. the; theD. a; a
—Wh’s ______ man under the tree?
—He's my uncle, ______ actr.
A. a; theB. a; anC. the; theD. the; an
—Des yur teacher g t wrk by ______ car every day?
—N. He usually takes ______ bus.
A. /；/B. /; theC. a; theD. the; a
La She is ______ great writer. He's especially famus fr ______ play Teahuse.
A. an；theB. a；theC. an；aD. a；an
--D yu knw________girl with lng curly hair？
--Yes. She is Helen, my cusin.
A. aB. anC. theD. /
—What ______ bad weather it is tday!
—Yes, _______ weather makes me s sad.
A. a; aB. /; theC. a; theD. the; a
1 like playing chess but my brther likes playing ________ pian.
A. the; theB. the; /C. /; theD. /; /
-There will be______8-day art exhibitin in Xiamen next mnth.
-Ww！ It must be _____ mst unusual exhibitin.
A. a；a B. an；the C. the；a D. a; /
—What did yu d last night, Bb?
—First I did my hmewrk, and then I played ________ pian fr half ________ hur.
A. the; aB. /; anC. the; anD. a; the
Nanjing, ______ capital f Jiangsu, is ______ ld city with ______ lng histry in China.
A. a; an; /B. a; the; aC. the; an; aD. the; the; /
His sister is _______ ffice wrker. She wrks in _______ ffice ver there.
A. an; anB. the; theC. an; theD. the; an
—Lily is cming by____ plane tmrrw.
—Let’s g t ________ airprt t meet her.
A. a; aB. /; aC. the; theD. /; the
—Hw was ______ dinner at Mike's huse?
—It was great. Mike's mum is ______ wnderful ck.
A. a; theB. the; aC. the; theD. a; an
—Wh is ______ man in frnt f the pst ffice?
—The ne with ______ umbrella? He is ur English teacher.
A. the；aB. the；anC. a；anD. a；the
My brther ften plays ________ ftball with his classmates after schl.
A. aB. anC. /D. the
This is ______ my pen. I’m writing with _____ pen.
A. the, /B. /，theC. a,anD. an, /
—Shall we play _______ basketball this afternn？
—Gd idea! D yu have______ basketball？
A. the；aB. a；aC. /； /D. /；a
All the students agreed t g t Qingda by ______ sea and camp by ______ sea.
A. the; aB. 不填; theC. 不填; anD. a; the
---Wuld yu please nt speak s ludly in _______ public?
---Srry. I will remember t speak in______ lwer vice.
A. the; aB. /; aC. the; theD. /; /
--- My sn seldm has ______ breakfast.
--- It is _______ unhealthy habit. Yu must ask him t change it.
A. /; anB. the; anC. /; aD. the; a
Mary eats _______dinner at 7:30 in the evening.
A. aB. anC. theD. /
—Why are yu in ________ hurry?
—My classmates are playing ________ tennis. I want t cheer them.
A. a; /B. an; /C. the; theD. /; the
______ new study says that ging t ______ bed late is harmful t ur health.
A. /, /B. A, /C. A; theD. The; the
The spaceship has traveled in ___ space. Scientists want t discver life in____universe.
A. a, a B. the, the C. \, the D. an, an
Mr Wang, as_____ elderly man, tk part in the Special Games, and finished ______ secnd in the race.
A. a; theB. an; /C. an ; aD. /; the
I g t ________ wrk after ________ breakfast every day.
A. /; theB. the; theC. the; aD. / ; /
I gave her ________ useful advice, but she thught it was ________ useless answer.
A. /；anB. an；anC. an；aD. /；a
What ______ terrible news! I can’t stp crying after hearing it.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
—Is it range?
—N, it isn't. It's red.
A. aB. anC. theD. /
I usually have ______ breakfast at 7 'clck, and I had ______ big breakfast this mrning.
A. /，aB. a, aC. /，theD. a, the
Linda likes ______ apples, and she has ______ apple every day.
A. the; aB. /; aC. the; anD. /; an
—We had ______ unusual trip in Suth Krea by ______ ship.
—Excellent!
A. an; /B. a; /C. an; theD. a; the
Are yu gd at playing ________ guitar (吉他) r ________ basketball?
A. the; theB. the; aC. /; theD. the; /
——What clr is that pen?
——It’s ________ green. It’s ________ green pen.
A. a; aB. the; aC. /; /D. /; a
Tday is ______ first day f this term s my daughter can have ______ breakfast at schl.
A. the; theB. a; aC. the; /D. /; the
Many peple gave away much mney t ________ hmeless after the earthquake.
A. theB. aC. anD. /
— D yu knw hw t spell ______ wrd "umbrella"？
— Yes. It begins with_____ "u".
A. the；aB. the；anC. a；aD. the；the
As an ld saying ges, "He wh has never been t _______Great Wall is nt a true man.”
A. aB. anC. theD. /
基本用法
例句
(1) 用来表示特指的或指双方都知道的人或事
The man ver there is Jhn's uncle.
(2) 表示上文中提到过的人或者事
There is an English bk n the desk. The bk is Li Lei's.
(3) 用在世界上独一无二的名词前
The sun is bigger than the earth.(the mn)
(4)用在与普通名词构成的专有名词前
the Great Wall,the Summer Palace, the Luvre Museum
(5) 用在方位名词前
in the east / west / suth / nrth，n the left / right
(6) 用在形容词最高级、序数词前面
This is the highest building in this city.
(7) play+乐器 “演奏乐器”短语中，用在(西洋)乐器名词前
My sister can play the pian and the vilin.
(8) 用在姓氏复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇
The Smiths are watching TV.
(9) the和部分形容词连用，表示一类人
The ld shuld be lked after.(yung, sick, rich, pr)
(10)用在江河湖海及山脉等地理名词前
The Changjiang River is the lngest river in China.
(11) 用在某些固定词组中
in the mrning / evening / afternn， in the daytime， in the end， at the same time， by the way， at the age f， at the beginning f， in the middle f， at the mment, g t the cinema
基本用法
例句
(1) 在专有名词(国名、城市名、人名、 路名)或者称呼、头衔前不用冠词
Beijing is a beautiful city.
(2) 在季节、月份、星期、日期、节日前不用冠词
In summer / n Mnday / in 1995
(3)在球类运动、棋类和学科名词前不用冠词
Mr Zhang likes playing ftball and chess.
(4)三餐饭前不用冠词
have breakfast / lunch / supper/ dinner
(5) 名词前有“this， that， thse， these， my， yur， sme ”等其他限定词修饰时不用冠词
This is my best friend.
(6) 用在某些固定词组中
at hme，watch TV， listen t music， n ft， in bed， in hspital， at first，in truble， in public，by bus，at nn，at night, g t schl