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八年级英语下学期第一次月考（泰州卷）-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）
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这是一份八年级英语下学期第一次月考（泰州卷）-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版），共19页。
1.本试卷分第一部分选择题和第二部分非选择题,满分120分;时间100分钟;
2.答题前,考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、班级、考场号、考试号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡相对应的位置上,并用2B铅笔认真正确填涂考试证号下方的数字;
3.答选择题时必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡指定的位置上,不在答题区域内的答案一律无效,不得用其他笔答题;
4.考生答题必须答在答题卡上,答在试卷和草稿纸上一律无效.
一、单项选择 从下列每题所给的四个选项中, 选择一个最佳答案。 (共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)
1．—D yu want t play ________ chess with Dr. Zhng?
—Of curse! He is my her! I knw he als likes playing ________ pian in his free time.
A．an; theB．/; theC．the; theD．the; /
2．—Where’s yur father?
—He ________ Beijing. He ________ there since last mnth.
A．has gne t; has gneB．has been t; has been
C．has gne t; has beenD．has been t; has gne
3．Hw _______ it is t feel the rller caster _______ at full speed!
A．exciting; t mveB．excited; mve
C．exciting; mveD．excited; t mve
4．—________ did yur uncle leave his hmetwn?
—Many years ag. In fact he ________ fr nearly twenty years.
A．When; has leftB．When; has been away
C．Hw lng; has leftD．Hw lng; has been away
5．Our schl ________ be an ld she factry, nw we ________ studying here.It is a gd place t study.
A．used t, used tB．is used t, are used t
C．is used t, used tD．used t, are used t
6．—Hw lng ________ they ________?
—Srry, I dn’t knw. But I knw that Mr Chen is ging t ________ a nurse next mnth.
A．did; marry; marry tB．have; been married; marry
C．have; gt married; marryD．did; get marry; marry with
7．I became a teacher 12 years _____. I have been a teacher______ 2008.I have taught at this schl ______8 years.
A．ag;after;frB．befre; ag;sinceC．ag; since;frD．befre; after;since
8．Mum asked the sn t keep quiet ________ a cncert.
A．thrughB．arundC．withD．acrss
9．It’s a bad habit f learning. _____,it is never t late fr yu t get ut f it.
A．InsteadB．AnywayC．FinallyD．Mrever
10．—My brther’s hardly been late fr wrk, ________?
—________. He is a hard-wrking man.
A．is he; Yes, he isB．isn’t he; N, he isn’t
C．hasn’t he; Yes, he hasD．has he; N, he hasn’t
二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读短文，从每题所给选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was my 14th birthday and I wuld have the biggest party ever. The number f the 11 had quickly grwn frm seven t seventeen. Nearly every girl in my class was 12 . When each guest (客人) excitedly 13 the invitatin, I was especially happy.
The 14 was full f shuts and laughter. We had just finished a game f Twister when the dr bell rang. I was s 15 and I culd feel my face turning red: when I 16 the dr, there at the frnt dr std Sarah Westly—the quiet girl wh sat next t me in music class—and she was hlding a 17 . I thught abut the guest list. Hw did I 18 t invite Sarah? I remembered that I nly added a name t the guest 19 when smene shwed an interest in me. But Sarah had 20 dne that. I accepted the bx, a gift frm Sarah, and asked her t jin the party. “I can’t 21 ,”she said. “My dad’s waiting in the car.” At that mment I felt bad abut frgetting t invite Sarah and really wanted her t rest fr sme time in my rm. “Thanks, but I have t g,” she said, turning 22 twards the dr. “See yu Mnday.”
I didn’t pen the bx until the party was 23 . Inside the small bx was a ty cat. It was the 24 gift I had received. I later 25 that the gift lked exactly like Sarah’s cat, Seymur. I didn’t knw it then, but nw I realize that Sarah is my best friend.
11．A．bysB．guestsC．bksD．desks
12．A．invitedB．inventedC．shwedD．suggested
13．A．madeB．fundC．acceptedD．passed
14．A．classrmB．libraryC．restaurantD．living rm
15．A．surprisedB．angryC．prudD．sad
16．A．sawB．penedC．caughtD．clsed
17．A．catB．tyC．penD．bx
18．A．frgetB．stpC．hpeD．chse
19．A．giftB．listC．diaryD．bx
20．A．stillB．evenC．neverD．nly
21．A．standB．singC．waitD．stay
22．A．quicklyB．carefullyC．finallyD．early
23．A．readyB．successfulC．verD．interesting
24．A．wrstB．lastC．firstD．best
25．A．tk utB．missed utC．thught utD．put ut
三、 阅读理解(共40分)
阅读下列短文, 根据内容选择最佳答案。(共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分)
A
Welcme t Franklin Htel! We will make yur stay here as enjyable as pssible. We hpe we will give yu the best service.
★Rm Service: Yu can use the service 24 hurs a day.
★Dining Rm: Yu can have three meals a day in the dining rm. Breakfast is frm 8:00 t 9:30. Als the rm waiter may bring breakfast t yur rm at any time after 7:00. If yu need, please fill in a card and hang it utside yur rm befre 6:00. Lunch is frm 12:00 t 14:00. Dinner is frm 18:30 t 20:30.
★Telephne: There is a telephne in yur rm. Dial “0” befre yu make a call. We will tell yu t wait fr a mment if the lines are busy.
★Shp: The htel shp is pen frm 9:00 t 17:30.
★Cffee Huse: Yu can drink cffee here at the fllwing times: 12:00 t 14:00, 20:00 t 23:30.
★Anther Service: There is a cinema in the htel. A film begins at 19:00 n Sundays and Wednesdays.
26．When can yu use the rm service?
A．Only the daytime.B．Only at night.
C．Anytime during a day.D．Only smetime.
27．If yu want t have a meal in yur rm, what shuld yu d?
A．Phne the service desk.B．G t the htel shp t buy sme fd.
C．G t the htel dining rm.D．Put a message utside the rm.
28．What shuld yu d if the telephne lines are busy?
A．We shuld ask the service centre fr help.B．We shuld cut ff the phne.
C．We shuld wait fr a mment.D．We shuld fill in a card.
29．If yu want t have a tw-hur business talk in the cffee huse, yu may g there at ________.
A．12:00B．1:00C．10:00D．1l:30
30．The instructins tell us that yu can ________.
A．g shpping at anytime in the htelB．get at least six services
C．see a film when yu want tD．g t the cffee huse twice a week
B
The 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup brught us wnderful games and let us see the great shw f ld legends and the rise f new superstars. Here are three students’ favurite sccer players.
Kylian Mbappe, wh is a sprts her in France, is the mst impressive player in my heart. He wn the 2018 Wrld Cup title at the age f 20. He was the highest gal screr in this Wrld Cup with eight gals. Will he becme the new king f sccer? I think s. The reasns are that he trains hard and never gives up when facing difficulty. And he is indeed n sl （单独行动的）artist，either. His spirit f hard wrk and teamwrk cheers me up.
Zha Xuanyu, 14
My deepest impressin f the Qatar Wrld Cup belngs t Linel Messi, the captain f Argentina. As a great team, it was surprising when Argentina lst its first game against Saudi Arabia. Peple started t dubt Messi’s ability. Hwever, Messi didn’t give up. He believed in himself and his teammates. They practiced harder than befre and fixed their prblems quickly. Finally, Argentina beat Mexic, Pland, Australia, the Netherlands, Cratia and France, and wn the Wrld Cup title. Frm all this, I nw believe that where there is a will, there is a way.
Huang Yixiang, 15
I’m a huge fan f Luka Mdric, the captain f Cratia’s natinal sccer team. He led his team t win secnd place in the 2018 Russia Wrld Cup and he wn the Balln d’Or in the same year. At an early age, he was a shepherd （牧羊人）and his cuntry was experiencing war. But he fell in lve with sccer. Thrugh his effrts, he became mre and mre pwerful. In the Qatar Wrld Cup, he led his team t third place, but he believes that his cuntry can win a Wrld Cup title in the future. I nt nly enjy his wnderful perfrmance, but als his spirit—never give up and always keep his cnditin.
Lu Yinzi, 15
31．Which sccer player is frm Cratia?
A．Linel MessiB．Kylian MbappeC．Cristian RnaldD．Luka Mdric
32．Hw ld was Kylian Mbappe when he tk part in The 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup?
A．20B．25C．24D．28
33．What d the three players have in cmmn?
A．They are all frm Eurpe.B．They all wn the Wrld Cup title.
C．They never give up.D．They are all sl artists.
34．Which team came third in The 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup?
A．Mrccan sccer teamB．France natinal sccer team
C．Cratia’s natinal sccer teamD．Argentina natinal sccer team
35．Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the article?
A．Messi always wn the game by himself.
B．Argentina beat 5 teams in the 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup.
C．Luka Mdric lived a pr life when he was very yung.
D．Kylian Mbappe scred 6 gals in the 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup.
C
My teenage sn Karl became withdrawn after his father died. As a single parent, I tried t d my best t talk t him. But the mre I tried, the less he spke. When his reprt card arrived during his junir year, it said that he had been absent(缺席的) 95 times frm classes and had six falling grades fr the year. In this case he wuld never graduate(毕业). I sent him t the schl adviser, and I even begged(乞求)him. Nthing wrked.
One night I felt s pwerless that l gt dwn n my knees and begged fr help. “Please Gd, I can’t d anything mre fr my sn. I’m at the end f my rpe. I’m giving the whle thing up t yu.”
I was at wrk when I gt a phne call. A man intrduced himself as the headmaster. “I want t talk t yu abut Karl’s absences.” Befre he culd say anther wrd, I chked(哽咽)up and all my disappintment(失望)and sadness ver Karl came puring ut int the ears f this stranger. “I lve my sn but I just dn’t knw what t d. I’ve tried everything t get Karl t g back t schl and nthing has wrked. It’s ut f my hands.” Fr a mment there was silence n the ther end f the line. The headmaster seriusly said, “Thank yu fr yur time.” and hung up.
Karl’s next reprt card shwed a marked imprvement in his grades. Finally, he was even n the list f the best students at schl. In his third year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I nticed that his teachers were surprised at the way he had turned himself arund.
After the meeting, Karl said, “Mum, remember that call frm the headmaster last year?” I ndded.
“That was me. I thught I’d play a jke but when I heard what yu said, it really hit me hw much I was hurting yu. That’s when I knew I had t make yu prud.”
36．By saying “became withdrawn”, the writer means the by changed cmpletely and ________.
A．liked t stay alne at hmeB．lst interest in anything
C．didn’t want t talk t thersD．began t dislike his mther
37．There was silence n the ther end f the line because the speaker ________.
A．was t mved t say anything t the mther
B．waited fr the mther t educate him
C．didn’t want the mther t knw his bad marks
D．didn’t want t say t his mther
38．The phrase “at the end f my rpe” means ________in Chinese.
A．心如刀割B．心灰意冷C．失魂落魄D．山穷水尽
39．In Karl’s third year, his mther attended a parent-teacher meeting t knw ________.
A．his teacher were surprised at his marked imprvement
B．the headmaster lved his sn very much
C．his sn still disliked his study
D．his sn became even mre lnely
40．What des this passage mainly tell us?
A．Being understd by parents is very imprtant t teenagers.
B．Mther’s lve plays an imprtant part in teenager’ life.
C．Schl educatin desn’t wrk withut full supprt frm parents.
D．Children in single-parent families ften have prblems with their mind.
D
Wh is the greatest teacher in Chinese histry? Many peple wuld think f Cnfucius, whse birthday was September 28. Althugh he lived ver 2,000 years ag, peple still remember and respect him fr his cntributin (贡献) t the educatin tday.
Cnfucius lived in the Kingdm f Lu, which was in Shandng Prvince. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Perid. He had a hard childhd. His father died when he was nly 3. His mther brught him up. As a child, he had t wrk t help his mther, but yung Cnfucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famus teachers and learned music, histry, petry and sprts.
Later, he became a teacher and started the first public schl in Chinese histry. At that time nly children frm rich families culd g t schl, but Cnfucius believed everyne shuld g t schl if they wanted t learn. He had abut 3,000 students in his lifetime and traveled with his students frm state t state.
Tday, peple still fllw Cnfucius’ lessns. He tld us that we all have smething wrthy t be learned. “When I am with three peple, ne f them must be better than me in sme areas. I chse their gd qualities and fllw them. ”
He als taught us that thinking is very imprtant in study. “All study but n thinking makes peple puzzled (困惑的). All thinking but n study makes peple lazy. ”
Cnfucius is nt nly a great teacher, but als a famus thinker with wise thughts abut the wrld and sciety. His mst imprtant teachings are abut kindness and gd manners. “A persn shuld be strict with himself, but be kind t thers.” he said.
41．Cnfucius learned music, histry, petry and sprts ________ when he was a child.
A．by teaching himself at hmeB．with the help f his mther
C．by ging t schlD．by visiting many famus teachers
42．Why d peple still remember and respect Cnfucius tday?
A．Because he learned music, histry, petry and sprts.
B．Because he lived during the Spring and Autumn Perid.
C．Because he traveled with his students frm state t state.
D．Because he made a great cntributin t the educatin.
43．The crrect rder f the fllwing statements is ________.
① Cnfucius started the first public schl in Chinese histry.
② Cnfucius educated abut 3,000 students in his lifetime.
③ Cnfucius wrked t help his mther as a child.
④ Cnfucius’ father died when he was nly 3.
A．④③①②B．③①②④C．④②①③D．③①④②
44．Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined in the passage?
A．N ne has smething wrthy t be learned.
B．All thinking but n study makes peple lazy.
C．All study but n thinking makes peple puzzled.
D．A persn shuld be strict with himself, but be kind t thers.
45．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A．Cnfucius’ teaching methdsB．Persn wh travels arund China
C．Cnfucius — a great teacher and thinkerD．Great man with happy childhd
第二部分 非选择题(55分)
四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文, 请根据短文内容, 在文后表格中填入恰当的单词, 每空一词。 (共10空；每空1. 5分, 满分15分)
Travelling is a very gd activity. When yu get tired f yur wrk r study, and when yu have free time, yu can g t a beautiful place t enjy the beauty f nature r ther cities. Yu can breathe fresh air, meet different peple and make friends with them. It’s gd fr yur health t d s.
But smetimes, traveling is nt an enjyable thing. Fr example, the weather can be changeable. There may be rain when yu travel. Yu may catch a cld r be ill while traveling. Then yu will have truble. The wrst thing is that the thieves may steal(偷) yur mney. All these may happen t a turist.
When yu g n a trip, yu must get everything ready. Firstly, yu must have clear infrmatin abut the weather. Secndly, ask a friend t g with yu s that yu can help each ther. Thirdly, yu must be careful everywhere and try nt t cause accidents. If yu d this, yu will surely enjy yur travel.
五、综合填空 (共10空；每空1. 5分, 满分15分)
根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。
Many teenagers dn’t get alng well with their parents and they dn’t knw what t d. If yu face such a prblem, 56 I’m saying nw might be helpful t yu.
Have yu ever thught f talking t yur parents 57 (find) ut why yu dn’t get alng well with each ther? When I was a teenager, I didn’t get n well with my parents, either. We smetimes argued (争吵) with each ther. I am srry that I had such 58 experience. Nw I’m a mther f fur girls. Of curse we have different pinins, 59 I encurage them t cmmunicate with me penly and 60 (hnest). In this way, I make sure that they trust me and cme t me fr anything. As a result, we get alng very well.
Arguing with yur parents 61 (make) them angry and yu wn’t feel gd. Als, remember that the mst imprtant thing is t slve (解决) prblems. Try yur best t be calm. If yu cannt cntrl yur 62 (feel), yu can g t a dctr r yur teacher wh culd give yu advice 63 yur prblem.
64 (remember) that yur parents lve yu. Smetimes they d smething that yu find hard t understand. Fr example, yu may want t be a singer in the future, but yur parents want yu t d smething else. If s, try t think in their shes.
Life is t shrt and family is imprtant! 65 (try) yur best t get alng well with yur parents is imprtant.
六、书面表达(满分25分)
66．“Yu can either travel r read, but either yur bdy r sul must be n the way.”去旅行，这是身体在路上，可以拓宽人的眼界；去读书，这是灵魂在路上，让心智成长。
当今时代的中学生们，假期生活丰富多彩，也热爱读书。某英文杂志正在开展“身体和灵魂在路上”的演讲，谈谈自己去过的地方，自己读过的好书。
要求：
1. 注意人称和时态。
2. 要点齐全，可适当增加细节使句子通顺、连贯。
3. 不要逐字翻译，词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
We students shuld always imprve urselves. Travelling and reading are gd fr us. Our bdy and mind must be n the way.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Title: 46
Advantages
（优势）
Yu can enjy the 47 view f the nature.
There will be a lt f fresh air arund yu.
It can make yu 48
Disadvantages
（劣势）
Smetimes it may 49 when yu travel. It will make the rad wet and slippery.
Yu may be in truble because f 50 .
The 51 thing is that yu will be stlen sme mney.
52
At first, yu shuld knw abut the weather 53 .
Secndly, yu must invite smebdy t g 54 with yu.
Thirdly, d everything 55 . Dn’t cause any accidents.
身体在路上
1. 喜欢旅游。
1) 原因……；
2) 游玩时应该注意哪些（自由发挥1-2点）。
2. 叙述自己曾经去过的1个旅游景点。
灵魂在路上
1. 喜欢阅读。
1) 表现……；
2) 原因……；
2. 介绍你读过的最喜欢的书。(自由发挥2-3句话)。
总结
你的个人观点 (自由发挥1-2句)。
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：——你想和钟医生下棋吗？——当然！他是我的偶像！我知道他也喜欢在空闲时间弹钢琴。
考查冠词的用法。表示进行棋类游戏时，棋类前不加冠词；表示演奏西洋乐器时，乐器前加定冠词the。故选B。
2．C
【详解】句意：——你父亲在哪里？——他去了北京。他从上个月起就一直在那儿。
考查have been/gne t/in区别。have been t去过某地（人已经回来）；have gne t去了某地（人未回来）；have been in后接一段时间，在某地待了多久了。空一表示“去了北京”，应用have gne t，可排除B/D选项；空二表示“从上个月起就一直待在北京”，且空后there为副词，其前应省略介词in。故选C。
3．C
【详解】句意：感觉过山车以高速运转是多么令人兴奋的一件事啊！
考查感叹句。exciting令人兴奋的；excited激动的。此处是Hw引导的感叹句：Hw+adj/adv+主语+谓语。此处it指代坐过山车这件事，修饰物用exciting，可排除BD选项；feel sb d sth“感觉某人做了某事”。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：——你叔叔什么时候离开家乡的？——许多年前。事实上，他已经离家近二十年了。
考查特殊疑问句及延续性动词。When什么时候；Hw lng多长时间。根据“Many years ag.”可知询问离开的时间，用When提问。根据“fr nearly twenty years”可知第二空用现在完成时，与时间段连用用延续性动词be away，leave是非延续性动词。故选B。
5．D
【详解】句意：我们学校过去是一个古老的鞋厂，现在我们习惯在这学习了。这是一个学习的好地方。
考查动词短语词义辨析。used t d sth.过去常常做某事；be used t ding sth.习惯做某事。根据第一空后“be an ld she factry”可知此处是说过去是个鞋厂，第一空填used t；根据第二空后“studying”可知此处用be used t ding sth.结构。故选D。
6．B
【详解】句意：——他们结婚多久了？——抱歉我不知道。但是我知道陈先生下个月要和一个护士结婚。
考查动词时态以及动词marry的用法。marry结婚，短暂性动词；been married已经结婚，延续性动词；gt married结婚了，短暂性动词；get marry错误表达。hw lng要与现在完成时连用，且动词要用延续性动词，排除ACD三个选项。marry sb“与某人结婚”，故选B。
7．C
【详解】句意：十二年前我成为了一名老师。我从2008年就已经是一名教师了。我在这所学校教了八年了。
考查介词辨析。一段时间+ag，意为“在……以前”，表示过去的时间点，和一般过去时连用；befre+时间点，意为“在……以前”；after+时间点，意为“在……之后”，经常和过去时态连用；fr+一段时间，意为“达……时间”，可以和现在完成时连用；since+过去的时间点，意为“自从……”，是现在完成时的标志词。根据时态和结构，故选C。
8．A
【详解】句意：妈妈让儿子在音乐会期间保持安静。
考查介词辨析。thrugh从头至尾；arund围绕；with有；acrss穿过，根据空前的“Mum asked the sn t keep quiet”和空后的“a cncert”可知，应该是妈妈让儿子在音乐会期间保持安静，用thrugh，故选A。
9．B
【详解】句意：这是一个坏的学习习惯。无论如何，你都要去掉它。
考查副词的用法。Instead相反，代替，顶替；Anywayadv.不论以何种方式，不论以何种方法；无论如何，至少；但是；不顾；Finally最后，终于；Mrever更多。根据句意选B。
10．D
【详解】句意：我弟弟上班几乎不迟到，是吗？——是的，他基本上不迟到。他是一个勤奋的人。
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。第一句陈述句部分，时态是现在完成时，has是助动词，hardly“几乎不”，具有否定意义。所以反问部分用带助动词has的肯定式，排除ABC选项，故选D。
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．C
【导语】本文讲述了作者在14岁生日时，在家举行了一个聚会。她没有邀请萨拉，但是萨拉给她送来了礼物，她认为那是她收到的最好的礼物。
11．句意：客人的人数很快从7人增加到17人。
bys男孩；guests客人；bks书本；desks桌子。根据后文的“When each guest (客人) invitatin, I was especially happy.”可知，此处指的是客人的数量，故选B。
12．句意：我们班几乎每个女生都被邀请了。
invited邀请；invented发明；shwed展示；suggested建议。根据“When each guest (客人) invitatin, I was especially happy.”可知，此处表示邀请班里的女生，故选A。
13．句意：当每个客人兴奋地接受邀请时，我特别高兴。
made制作；fund找到；accepted接受；passed通过。根据“Nearly every girl in my class was...”可知，此处表示我邀请班里的女孩，因此她们接受邀请，故选C。
14．句意：客厅里充满了喊声和笑声。
classrm教室；library图书馆；restaurant餐厅；living rm客厅。根据“It was my 14th birthday and I wuld have the biggest party ever.”可知，我要举行生日聚会，应在客厅里进行，故选D。
15．句意：我很惊讶，我能感觉到我的脸变红了。
surprised惊讶的；angry生气的；prud骄傲的；sad悲伤的。根据“We had just finished a game f Twister when the dr bell rang.”可知，我们刚玩完一个游戏就有人敲门，因此感到惊讶，故选A。
16．句意：当我打开门时，前门站着萨拉·韦斯特，她是一个安静的女孩，在音乐课上坐在我旁边，手里拿着一个盒子。
saw看见；pened打开；caught抓住；clsed关上。根据“there at the frnt dr std Sarah Westly”可知，要看见萨拉站在前门，应是我打开门的时候，故选B。
17．句意：当我打开门时，前门站着萨拉·韦斯特，她是一个安静的女孩，在音乐课上坐在我旁边，手里拿着一个盒子。
cat猫；ty玩具；pen钢笔；bx盒子。根据后文的“I accepted the bx, a gift frm Sarah,”可知，此处表示她手里拿着一个盒子，故选D。
18．句意：我怎么忘了邀请萨拉？
frget忘记；stp停止；hpe希望；chse选择。根据“At that mment I felt bad abut frgetting t invite Sarah and really wanted her t rest fr sme time in my rm.”可知，我忘记了邀请她，故选A。
19．句意：我记得只有当有人对我感兴趣时，我才会把一个名字加到客人名单上。
gift礼物；list清单；diary日记；bx盒子。根据“I thught abut the guest list.”可知，此处表示客人名单，故选B。
20．句意：但是萨拉没有那样做。
still仍然；even甚至；never从不；nly仅仅。根据“I remembered that I nly added a name t the smene shwed an interest in me.”可知，我只会把对我感兴趣的人加入客人名单上，名单上没有萨拉，因此表示她对我不感兴趣，故选C。
21．句意：她说：“我不能停留。”
stand站立；sing唱歌；wait等待；stay停留。根据后文的“My dad’s waiting in the car.”可知，她爸爸在车里等她，因此她不能停留，故选D。
22．句意：“谢谢，但我得走了，”她说着，迅速转身向门口走去。
quickly很快地；carefully认真地；finally最后；early早地。根据“My dad’s waiting in the car.”可知，因为她爸爸在车里等她，因此她快速地走了，故选A。
23．句意：直到聚会结束我才打开那个盒子。
ready准备；successful成功的；ver结束的；interesting有趣的。结合句意，此处表示要打开盒子，应是在聚会结束之后，故选C。
24．句意：这是我收到的最好的礼物。
wrst最糟的；last最后的；first第一；best最好的。根据“I didn’t knw it then, but nw I realize that Sarah is my best friend.”可知，根据萨拉给她的礼物，她认为萨拉是她最好的朋友，因此那是她收到的最好的礼物，故选D。
25．句意：后来我想，这个礼物看起来和莎拉的猫西摩一模一样。
tk ut拿出；missed ut错过；thught ut仔细考虑；put ut熄灭。此处接宾语从句，表示想起了她的那个礼物，故选C。
26．C 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了富兰克林旅馆的服务项目：客房服务，餐厅服务等等。
26．细节理解题。根据“Rm Service: Yu can use the service 24 hurs a day.”（客房服务：您可以24小时使用这项服务。）可知一天中任何时候都可以使用客房服务。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“If yu need, please fill in a card and hang it utside yur rm befre 6:00.”可知要在房间里吃饭，要把填好的卡片挂房间外。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据“We will tell yu t wait fr a mment if the lines are busy.”可知如果线路繁忙时，应该稍等。 故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据“Yu can drink cffee here at the fllwing times: 12:00 t 14:00, 20:00 t 23:30.”可知12点到14点有两个小时的时间，20点到23点有三个小时的时间，结合选项，故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据“Rm Service、Dining Rm、Telephne、Shp、Cffee Huse、Anther Service”可知文中提及的服务有：客房服务，餐厅服务，电话，商店，咖啡厅，其他服务，至少六项。故选B。
31．D 32．C 33．C 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了3位足球运动员。
31．细节理解题。根据“I’m a huge fan f Luka Mdric, the captain f Cratia’s natinal sccer team.”可知，卢卡·莫德里奇来自克罗地亚，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据“He wn the 2018 Wrld Cup title at the age f 20”可知他在20岁时赢得了2018年世界杯冠军，所以他参加2022年世界杯时是24岁。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“The reasns are that he trains hard and never gives up when facing difficulty”“Hwever, Messi didn’t give up”以及“but als his spirit—never give up”可知，三位运动员都有着永不放弃的精神，故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“I’m a huge fan f Luka Mdric, the captain f Cratia’s natinal sccer the Qatar Wrld Cup, he led his team t third place”可知克罗地亚国家足球队在2022年卡塔尔世界杯上获得第三名。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据“At an early age, he was a shepherd （牧羊人）and his cuntry was experiencing war”可知他年轻是一个牧羊人，而且他的国家正在经历战争，由此可推知他小的时候过着贫穷的生活。故选C。
36．C 37．A 38．D 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文讲述了一个孩子在父亲去世后的种种变化，本想和其母亲开个玩笑，而从中深受感动的曲折故事。爱很重要，爱、表达爱、懂得爱更是生活幸福的源泉。
36．词句猜测题。根据“I tried t d my best t talk t him. But the mre I tried, the mre he pulled away”可知，即使母亲努力和他说话，他也不开口。故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据“I thught I’d play a jke but when I heard what yu said, it really hit me hw much I was hurting yu”可知，他保持沉默是因为被母亲深深的爱所感动。故选A。
38．词句猜测题。根据前文“One night I felt s pwerless that I gt dwn n my knees and begged fr help.”以及“I can’t d anything mre fr my sn.”和后文I’m giving the whle thing up t yu.”可知，母亲想尽各种办法想让儿子振作起来，但都没有用，母亲感到实在没有力量了，所以跪求上帝，把整个事情交给上帝，所以推知她没有任何办法了，束手无策了。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“Karl's next reprt card shwed…turned himself arund.”可知老师对于他明显进步非常惊讶。故选A。
40．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一个孩子在父亲去世后的种种变化，因为一次偶然的机会被母亲深深地感动了，所以本文主要想表达的是母亲的爱在青少年的人生中起着重要的作用。故选B。
41．D 42．D 43．A 44．A 45．C
【导语】本文是对孔子的介绍。介绍了他的生平、成长历程及他对教育的贡献等。
41．细节理解题。根据“He visited many famus teachers and learned music, histry, petry and sprts.”可知他通过拜访名师，学会了音乐、历史、诗歌和体育。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“Althugh he lived ver 2,000 years ag, peple still remember and respect him fr his cntributin t the educatin tday.”可知时至今日人们仍然铭记和尊敬孔子是因为孔子对教育作出了巨大贡献。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据“His father died when he was nly 3. ... As a child, he had t wrk t help his mther, but yung Cnfucius didn’t give up studying. ... Later, he became a teacher and started the first public schl in Chinese histry. ... He had abut 3,000 students in his lifetime and traveled with his students frm state t state.”可知正确的排序是：孔子的父亲在他3岁时就去世了→孔子小时候努力帮助他的母亲→孔子开创了中国历史上第一所私塾→孔子一生教育了大约3000名学生。故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据“He tld us that we all have smething wrthy t be learned.”可知，人人都有值得学习的东西，A项错误。故选A。
45．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了伟大的教育家、思想家孔子，所以C选项“孔子——一个伟大的教育家和思想家”是本文最佳标题。故选C。
46．Travelling/Traveling 47．beautiful 48．healthy 49．rain 50．illness 51．wrst 52．Suggestins/Advice 53．clearly 54．tgether 55．carefully
【分析】本文主要讲述的是关于旅行的事，并就“如何度过一个完美的旅行”作者给我们提了一些建议。
46．根据“Travelling is a very gd activity.”可知，整个文章都是与旅行有关的，所以文章的标题应是travelling，故填Travelling/Traveling。
47．根据“yu can g t a beautiful place t enjy the beauty f nature”可知，旅行的一个好处就是可以去美丽的地方，欣赏自然的美景。空处应该用形容词beautiful“美丽的”修饰其后的名词，故填beautiful。
48．根据“It’s gd fr yur health t d s.”可知，旅行对你的健康是有好处的，此处是make sb+adj的结构，应用形容词healthy“健康的”，故填healthy。
49．根据“There may be rain when yu travel.”可知，天气是多变的，在旅行时可能会下雨。may后接动词原形，故填rain。
50．根据“Yu may catch a cld r be ill while traveling. Then yu will have truble.”可知，在旅行时，你可能会感冒或者生病。f是介词，后接名词，故填illness。
51．根据“The wrst thing is that the thieves may steal(偷) yur mney.”可知，最糟糕的事情是小偷可能会偷走你的钱，此处应用最高级形式wrst，故填wrst。
52．根据右栏的描述可知，是对旅行提出了一些建议，应用不可数名词advice，或复数名词suggestins，故填Suggestins/Advice。
53．根据“Firstly, yu must have clear infrmatin abut the weather.”可知，你必须熟悉有关天气的信息，clearly“清楚地”，是副词，修饰句中的动词，故填clearly。
54．根据“Secndly, ask a friend t g with yu s that yu can help each ther.”可知，你可以请一位朋友和你一起去以便互相帮助，此处指的是“一起去”，应用tgether表示，故填tgether。
55．根据“Thirdly, yu must be careful everywhere and try nt t cause accidents.”可知，做任何事情都要小心，修饰动词，应该用副词形式，故填carefully。
56．what 57．t find 58．an 59．but 60．hnestly 61．will make 62．feelings 63．n 64．Remember 65．Trying
【导语】本文介绍了许多青少年和父母相处不好，他们不知道该怎么办。作者在做了妈妈之后，鼓励孩子大胆地和父母交流，并提醒青少年要保持冷静，控制好自己的情绪，珍爱生活和家人，和父母和睦相处。
56．句意：如果你面临这样的问题，我现在要说的可能对你有帮助。此处是主语从句，动词saying后，缺少宾语，表示事情，因此用what充当宾语，故填what。
57．句意：为了查明为什么你们彼此相处得不好，你曾经想过要和你的父母谈一谈吗？find“找到”，此处作目的状语，故填t find。
58．句意：我很抱歉我有这样的经历。experience“经历”，是元音音素开头，单数可数名词，因此用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。
59．句意：当然我们有不同的观点，但是我鼓励他们和我坦率地、诚实地交流。结合句意，前一句表示我们有不同的观点，后一句表示我鼓励他们和我坦率地、诚实地交流，前后表示转折关系，因此用连词but“但是”，故填but。
60．句意：当然我们有不同的观点，但是我鼓励他们和我坦率地、诚实地交流。hnest“诚实的”，是形容词，修饰动宾短语cmmunicate with me，用副词，故填hnestly。
61．句意：和你的父母争吵会让他们生气，你不会感觉好。make“使”，根据“and yu wn’t feel gd”可知，此处用一般将来时，故填will make。
62．句意：如果你不能控制你的情绪，你可以去找医生或你的老师，他们会就你的问题给你建议。feel“感受”，是动词，有形容词性物主代词yur修饰，用名词，你的情绪，不是一种，因此用复数名词，故填feelings。
63．句意：如果你不能控制你的情绪，你可以去找医生或你的老师，他们会就你的问题给你建议。give advice n sth表示“就某事给出建议”，故填n。
64．句意：记住你的父母爱你。remember“记住”，是动词，此处是祈使句，谓语用动词原形，位于句首，开头字母大写，故填Remember。
65．句意：尽你最大努力和你的父母好好相处是很重要的。try“努力”，根据“is”可知，空格处应用非谓语动词，此处应用动名词短语作主语。故填Trying。
66．例文
We students shuld always imprve urselves. Travelling and reading are gd fr us. Our bdy and mind must be n the way. I have been t Beijing. There, I visited the Frbidden City, Tiananmen Square and ther scenic spts. When playing utside, we shuld pay attentin t public health and civilized travel. When I read the bks that I lve mst, I feel relaxed. Jurney t the West is my favrite bk. The mnkey king always tries his best t slve the difficulties that he faces and never gives up. He really encurages me a lt in sme ways. I think they can enrich ur experience and better understand life.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”、“现在完成时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：要求根据表格内容谈谈自己去过的地方，自己读过的好书。不要遗漏表格中的要点，适当添加细节，写作时保持主谓一致，注意字数要求。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍喜欢旅游的原因、注意事项、以及自己曾经去过的一个旅游景点；
第二步，介绍喜欢阅读的表现、原因、及读过的最喜欢的书；
第三步，谈谈自己的观点。
[亮点词汇]
①pay attentin t注意
②try ne’s best t d sth尽某人最大努力做某事
③give up放弃
[高分句型]
①When I read the bks that I lve mst, I feel relaxed.（时间状语从句）
②I think they can enrich ur experience and better understand life.（宾语从句）
1.本试卷分第一部分选择题和第二部分非选择题,满分120分;时间100分钟;
2.答题前,考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、班级、考场号、考试号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡相对应的位置上,并用2B铅笔认真正确填涂考试证号下方的数字;
3.答选择题时必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡指定的位置上,不在答题区域内的答案一律无效,不得用其他笔答题;
4.考生答题必须答在答题卡上,答在试卷和草稿纸上一律无效.
一、单项选择 从下列每题所给的四个选项中, 选择一个最佳答案。 (共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)
1．—D yu want t play ________ chess with Dr. Zhng?
—Of curse! He is my her! I knw he als likes playing ________ pian in his free time.
A．an; theB．/; theC．the; theD．the; /
2．—Where’s yur father?
—He ________ Beijing. He ________ there since last mnth.
A．has gne t; has gneB．has been t; has been
C．has gne t; has beenD．has been t; has gne
3．Hw _______ it is t feel the rller caster _______ at full speed!
A．exciting; t mveB．excited; mve
C．exciting; mveD．excited; t mve
4．—________ did yur uncle leave his hmetwn?
—Many years ag. In fact he ________ fr nearly twenty years.
A．When; has leftB．When; has been away
C．Hw lng; has leftD．Hw lng; has been away
5．Our schl ________ be an ld she factry, nw we ________ studying here.It is a gd place t study.
A．used t, used tB．is used t, are used t
C．is used t, used tD．used t, are used t
6．—Hw lng ________ they ________?
—Srry, I dn’t knw. But I knw that Mr Chen is ging t ________ a nurse next mnth.
A．did; marry; marry tB．have; been married; marry
C．have; gt married; marryD．did; get marry; marry with
7．I became a teacher 12 years _____. I have been a teacher______ 2008.I have taught at this schl ______8 years.
A．ag;after;frB．befre; ag;sinceC．ag; since;frD．befre; after;since
8．Mum asked the sn t keep quiet ________ a cncert.
A．thrughB．arundC．withD．acrss
9．It’s a bad habit f learning. _____,it is never t late fr yu t get ut f it.
A．InsteadB．AnywayC．FinallyD．Mrever
10．—My brther’s hardly been late fr wrk, ________?
—________. He is a hard-wrking man.
A．is he; Yes, he isB．isn’t he; N, he isn’t
C．hasn’t he; Yes, he hasD．has he; N, he hasn’t
二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读短文，从每题所给选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was my 14th birthday and I wuld have the biggest party ever. The number f the 11 had quickly grwn frm seven t seventeen. Nearly every girl in my class was 12 . When each guest (客人) excitedly 13 the invitatin, I was especially happy.
The 14 was full f shuts and laughter. We had just finished a game f Twister when the dr bell rang. I was s 15 and I culd feel my face turning red: when I 16 the dr, there at the frnt dr std Sarah Westly—the quiet girl wh sat next t me in music class—and she was hlding a 17 . I thught abut the guest list. Hw did I 18 t invite Sarah? I remembered that I nly added a name t the guest 19 when smene shwed an interest in me. But Sarah had 20 dne that. I accepted the bx, a gift frm Sarah, and asked her t jin the party. “I can’t 21 ,”she said. “My dad’s waiting in the car.” At that mment I felt bad abut frgetting t invite Sarah and really wanted her t rest fr sme time in my rm. “Thanks, but I have t g,” she said, turning 22 twards the dr. “See yu Mnday.”
I didn’t pen the bx until the party was 23 . Inside the small bx was a ty cat. It was the 24 gift I had received. I later 25 that the gift lked exactly like Sarah’s cat, Seymur. I didn’t knw it then, but nw I realize that Sarah is my best friend.
11．A．bysB．guestsC．bksD．desks
12．A．invitedB．inventedC．shwedD．suggested
13．A．madeB．fundC．acceptedD．passed
14．A．classrmB．libraryC．restaurantD．living rm
15．A．surprisedB．angryC．prudD．sad
16．A．sawB．penedC．caughtD．clsed
17．A．catB．tyC．penD．bx
18．A．frgetB．stpC．hpeD．chse
19．A．giftB．listC．diaryD．bx
20．A．stillB．evenC．neverD．nly
21．A．standB．singC．waitD．stay
22．A．quicklyB．carefullyC．finallyD．early
23．A．readyB．successfulC．verD．interesting
24．A．wrstB．lastC．firstD．best
25．A．tk utB．missed utC．thught utD．put ut
三、 阅读理解(共40分)
阅读下列短文, 根据内容选择最佳答案。(共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分)
A
Welcme t Franklin Htel! We will make yur stay here as enjyable as pssible. We hpe we will give yu the best service.
★Rm Service: Yu can use the service 24 hurs a day.
★Dining Rm: Yu can have three meals a day in the dining rm. Breakfast is frm 8:00 t 9:30. Als the rm waiter may bring breakfast t yur rm at any time after 7:00. If yu need, please fill in a card and hang it utside yur rm befre 6:00. Lunch is frm 12:00 t 14:00. Dinner is frm 18:30 t 20:30.
★Telephne: There is a telephne in yur rm. Dial “0” befre yu make a call. We will tell yu t wait fr a mment if the lines are busy.
★Shp: The htel shp is pen frm 9:00 t 17:30.
★Cffee Huse: Yu can drink cffee here at the fllwing times: 12:00 t 14:00, 20:00 t 23:30.
★Anther Service: There is a cinema in the htel. A film begins at 19:00 n Sundays and Wednesdays.
26．When can yu use the rm service?
A．Only the daytime.B．Only at night.
C．Anytime during a day.D．Only smetime.
27．If yu want t have a meal in yur rm, what shuld yu d?
A．Phne the service desk.B．G t the htel shp t buy sme fd.
C．G t the htel dining rm.D．Put a message utside the rm.
28．What shuld yu d if the telephne lines are busy?
A．We shuld ask the service centre fr help.B．We shuld cut ff the phne.
C．We shuld wait fr a mment.D．We shuld fill in a card.
29．If yu want t have a tw-hur business talk in the cffee huse, yu may g there at ________.
A．12:00B．1:00C．10:00D．1l:30
30．The instructins tell us that yu can ________.
A．g shpping at anytime in the htelB．get at least six services
C．see a film when yu want tD．g t the cffee huse twice a week
B
The 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup brught us wnderful games and let us see the great shw f ld legends and the rise f new superstars. Here are three students’ favurite sccer players.
Kylian Mbappe, wh is a sprts her in France, is the mst impressive player in my heart. He wn the 2018 Wrld Cup title at the age f 20. He was the highest gal screr in this Wrld Cup with eight gals. Will he becme the new king f sccer? I think s. The reasns are that he trains hard and never gives up when facing difficulty. And he is indeed n sl （单独行动的）artist，either. His spirit f hard wrk and teamwrk cheers me up.
Zha Xuanyu, 14
My deepest impressin f the Qatar Wrld Cup belngs t Linel Messi, the captain f Argentina. As a great team, it was surprising when Argentina lst its first game against Saudi Arabia. Peple started t dubt Messi’s ability. Hwever, Messi didn’t give up. He believed in himself and his teammates. They practiced harder than befre and fixed their prblems quickly. Finally, Argentina beat Mexic, Pland, Australia, the Netherlands, Cratia and France, and wn the Wrld Cup title. Frm all this, I nw believe that where there is a will, there is a way.
Huang Yixiang, 15
I’m a huge fan f Luka Mdric, the captain f Cratia’s natinal sccer team. He led his team t win secnd place in the 2018 Russia Wrld Cup and he wn the Balln d’Or in the same year. At an early age, he was a shepherd （牧羊人）and his cuntry was experiencing war. But he fell in lve with sccer. Thrugh his effrts, he became mre and mre pwerful. In the Qatar Wrld Cup, he led his team t third place, but he believes that his cuntry can win a Wrld Cup title in the future. I nt nly enjy his wnderful perfrmance, but als his spirit—never give up and always keep his cnditin.
Lu Yinzi, 15
31．Which sccer player is frm Cratia?
A．Linel MessiB．Kylian MbappeC．Cristian RnaldD．Luka Mdric
32．Hw ld was Kylian Mbappe when he tk part in The 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup?
A．20B．25C．24D．28
33．What d the three players have in cmmn?
A．They are all frm Eurpe.B．They all wn the Wrld Cup title.
C．They never give up.D．They are all sl artists.
34．Which team came third in The 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup?
A．Mrccan sccer teamB．France natinal sccer team
C．Cratia’s natinal sccer teamD．Argentina natinal sccer team
35．Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the article?
A．Messi always wn the game by himself.
B．Argentina beat 5 teams in the 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup.
C．Luka Mdric lived a pr life when he was very yung.
D．Kylian Mbappe scred 6 gals in the 2022 Qatar Wrld Cup.
C
My teenage sn Karl became withdrawn after his father died. As a single parent, I tried t d my best t talk t him. But the mre I tried, the less he spke. When his reprt card arrived during his junir year, it said that he had been absent(缺席的) 95 times frm classes and had six falling grades fr the year. In this case he wuld never graduate(毕业). I sent him t the schl adviser, and I even begged(乞求)him. Nthing wrked.
One night I felt s pwerless that l gt dwn n my knees and begged fr help. “Please Gd, I can’t d anything mre fr my sn. I’m at the end f my rpe. I’m giving the whle thing up t yu.”
I was at wrk when I gt a phne call. A man intrduced himself as the headmaster. “I want t talk t yu abut Karl’s absences.” Befre he culd say anther wrd, I chked(哽咽)up and all my disappintment(失望)and sadness ver Karl came puring ut int the ears f this stranger. “I lve my sn but I just dn’t knw what t d. I’ve tried everything t get Karl t g back t schl and nthing has wrked. It’s ut f my hands.” Fr a mment there was silence n the ther end f the line. The headmaster seriusly said, “Thank yu fr yur time.” and hung up.
Karl’s next reprt card shwed a marked imprvement in his grades. Finally, he was even n the list f the best students at schl. In his third year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I nticed that his teachers were surprised at the way he had turned himself arund.
After the meeting, Karl said, “Mum, remember that call frm the headmaster last year?” I ndded.
“That was me. I thught I’d play a jke but when I heard what yu said, it really hit me hw much I was hurting yu. That’s when I knew I had t make yu prud.”
36．By saying “became withdrawn”, the writer means the by changed cmpletely and ________.
A．liked t stay alne at hmeB．lst interest in anything
C．didn’t want t talk t thersD．began t dislike his mther
37．There was silence n the ther end f the line because the speaker ________.
A．was t mved t say anything t the mther
B．waited fr the mther t educate him
C．didn’t want the mther t knw his bad marks
D．didn’t want t say t his mther
38．The phrase “at the end f my rpe” means ________in Chinese.
A．心如刀割B．心灰意冷C．失魂落魄D．山穷水尽
39．In Karl’s third year, his mther attended a parent-teacher meeting t knw ________.
A．his teacher were surprised at his marked imprvement
B．the headmaster lved his sn very much
C．his sn still disliked his study
D．his sn became even mre lnely
40．What des this passage mainly tell us?
A．Being understd by parents is very imprtant t teenagers.
B．Mther’s lve plays an imprtant part in teenager’ life.
C．Schl educatin desn’t wrk withut full supprt frm parents.
D．Children in single-parent families ften have prblems with their mind.
D
Wh is the greatest teacher in Chinese histry? Many peple wuld think f Cnfucius, whse birthday was September 28. Althugh he lived ver 2,000 years ag, peple still remember and respect him fr his cntributin (贡献) t the educatin tday.
Cnfucius lived in the Kingdm f Lu, which was in Shandng Prvince. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Perid. He had a hard childhd. His father died when he was nly 3. His mther brught him up. As a child, he had t wrk t help his mther, but yung Cnfucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famus teachers and learned music, histry, petry and sprts.
Later, he became a teacher and started the first public schl in Chinese histry. At that time nly children frm rich families culd g t schl, but Cnfucius believed everyne shuld g t schl if they wanted t learn. He had abut 3,000 students in his lifetime and traveled with his students frm state t state.
Tday, peple still fllw Cnfucius’ lessns. He tld us that we all have smething wrthy t be learned. “When I am with three peple, ne f them must be better than me in sme areas. I chse their gd qualities and fllw them. ”
He als taught us that thinking is very imprtant in study. “All study but n thinking makes peple puzzled (困惑的). All thinking but n study makes peple lazy. ”
Cnfucius is nt nly a great teacher, but als a famus thinker with wise thughts abut the wrld and sciety. His mst imprtant teachings are abut kindness and gd manners. “A persn shuld be strict with himself, but be kind t thers.” he said.
41．Cnfucius learned music, histry, petry and sprts ________ when he was a child.
A．by teaching himself at hmeB．with the help f his mther
C．by ging t schlD．by visiting many famus teachers
42．Why d peple still remember and respect Cnfucius tday?
A．Because he learned music, histry, petry and sprts.
B．Because he lived during the Spring and Autumn Perid.
C．Because he traveled with his students frm state t state.
D．Because he made a great cntributin t the educatin.
43．The crrect rder f the fllwing statements is ________.
① Cnfucius started the first public schl in Chinese histry.
② Cnfucius educated abut 3,000 students in his lifetime.
③ Cnfucius wrked t help his mther as a child.
④ Cnfucius’ father died when he was nly 3.
A．④③①②B．③①②④C．④②①③D．③①④②
44．Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined in the passage?
A．N ne has smething wrthy t be learned.
B．All thinking but n study makes peple lazy.
C．All study but n thinking makes peple puzzled.
D．A persn shuld be strict with himself, but be kind t thers.
45．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A．Cnfucius’ teaching methdsB．Persn wh travels arund China
C．Cnfucius — a great teacher and thinkerD．Great man with happy childhd
第二部分 非选择题(55分)
四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文, 请根据短文内容, 在文后表格中填入恰当的单词, 每空一词。 (共10空；每空1. 5分, 满分15分)
Travelling is a very gd activity. When yu get tired f yur wrk r study, and when yu have free time, yu can g t a beautiful place t enjy the beauty f nature r ther cities. Yu can breathe fresh air, meet different peple and make friends with them. It’s gd fr yur health t d s.
But smetimes, traveling is nt an enjyable thing. Fr example, the weather can be changeable. There may be rain when yu travel. Yu may catch a cld r be ill while traveling. Then yu will have truble. The wrst thing is that the thieves may steal(偷) yur mney. All these may happen t a turist.
When yu g n a trip, yu must get everything ready. Firstly, yu must have clear infrmatin abut the weather. Secndly, ask a friend t g with yu s that yu can help each ther. Thirdly, yu must be careful everywhere and try nt t cause accidents. If yu d this, yu will surely enjy yur travel.
五、综合填空 (共10空；每空1. 5分, 满分15分)
根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。
Many teenagers dn’t get alng well with their parents and they dn’t knw what t d. If yu face such a prblem, 56 I’m saying nw might be helpful t yu.
Have yu ever thught f talking t yur parents 57 (find) ut why yu dn’t get alng well with each ther? When I was a teenager, I didn’t get n well with my parents, either. We smetimes argued (争吵) with each ther. I am srry that I had such 58 experience. Nw I’m a mther f fur girls. Of curse we have different pinins, 59 I encurage them t cmmunicate with me penly and 60 (hnest). In this way, I make sure that they trust me and cme t me fr anything. As a result, we get alng very well.
Arguing with yur parents 61 (make) them angry and yu wn’t feel gd. Als, remember that the mst imprtant thing is t slve (解决) prblems. Try yur best t be calm. If yu cannt cntrl yur 62 (feel), yu can g t a dctr r yur teacher wh culd give yu advice 63 yur prblem.
64 (remember) that yur parents lve yu. Smetimes they d smething that yu find hard t understand. Fr example, yu may want t be a singer in the future, but yur parents want yu t d smething else. If s, try t think in their shes.
Life is t shrt and family is imprtant! 65 (try) yur best t get alng well with yur parents is imprtant.
六、书面表达(满分25分)
66．“Yu can either travel r read, but either yur bdy r sul must be n the way.”去旅行，这是身体在路上，可以拓宽人的眼界；去读书，这是灵魂在路上，让心智成长。
当今时代的中学生们，假期生活丰富多彩，也热爱读书。某英文杂志正在开展“身体和灵魂在路上”的演讲，谈谈自己去过的地方，自己读过的好书。
要求：
1. 注意人称和时态。
2. 要点齐全，可适当增加细节使句子通顺、连贯。
3. 不要逐字翻译，词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
We students shuld always imprve urselves. Travelling and reading are gd fr us. Our bdy and mind must be n the way.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Title: 46
Advantages
（优势）
Yu can enjy the 47 view f the nature.
There will be a lt f fresh air arund yu.
It can make yu 48
Disadvantages
（劣势）
Smetimes it may 49 when yu travel. It will make the rad wet and slippery.
Yu may be in truble because f 50 .
The 51 thing is that yu will be stlen sme mney.
52
At first, yu shuld knw abut the weather 53 .
Secndly, yu must invite smebdy t g 54 with yu.
Thirdly, d everything 55 . Dn’t cause any accidents.
身体在路上
1. 喜欢旅游。
1) 原因……；
2) 游玩时应该注意哪些（自由发挥1-2点）。
2. 叙述自己曾经去过的1个旅游景点。
灵魂在路上
1. 喜欢阅读。
1) 表现……；
2) 原因……；
2. 介绍你读过的最喜欢的书。(自由发挥2-3句话)。
总结
你的个人观点 (自由发挥1-2句)。
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：——你想和钟医生下棋吗？——当然！他是我的偶像！我知道他也喜欢在空闲时间弹钢琴。
考查冠词的用法。表示进行棋类游戏时，棋类前不加冠词；表示演奏西洋乐器时，乐器前加定冠词the。故选B。
2．C
【详解】句意：——你父亲在哪里？——他去了北京。他从上个月起就一直在那儿。
考查have been/gne t/in区别。have been t去过某地（人已经回来）；have gne t去了某地（人未回来）；have been in后接一段时间，在某地待了多久了。空一表示“去了北京”，应用have gne t，可排除B/D选项；空二表示“从上个月起就一直待在北京”，且空后there为副词，其前应省略介词in。故选C。
3．C
【详解】句意：感觉过山车以高速运转是多么令人兴奋的一件事啊！
考查感叹句。exciting令人兴奋的；excited激动的。此处是Hw引导的感叹句：Hw+adj/adv+主语+谓语。此处it指代坐过山车这件事，修饰物用exciting，可排除BD选项；feel sb d sth“感觉某人做了某事”。故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：——你叔叔什么时候离开家乡的？——许多年前。事实上，他已经离家近二十年了。
考查特殊疑问句及延续性动词。When什么时候；Hw lng多长时间。根据“Many years ag.”可知询问离开的时间，用When提问。根据“fr nearly twenty years”可知第二空用现在完成时，与时间段连用用延续性动词be away，leave是非延续性动词。故选B。
5．D
【详解】句意：我们学校过去是一个古老的鞋厂，现在我们习惯在这学习了。这是一个学习的好地方。
考查动词短语词义辨析。used t d sth.过去常常做某事；be used t ding sth.习惯做某事。根据第一空后“be an ld she factry”可知此处是说过去是个鞋厂，第一空填used t；根据第二空后“studying”可知此处用be used t ding sth.结构。故选D。
6．B
【详解】句意：——他们结婚多久了？——抱歉我不知道。但是我知道陈先生下个月要和一个护士结婚。
考查动词时态以及动词marry的用法。marry结婚，短暂性动词；been married已经结婚，延续性动词；gt married结婚了，短暂性动词；get marry错误表达。hw lng要与现在完成时连用，且动词要用延续性动词，排除ACD三个选项。marry sb“与某人结婚”，故选B。
7．C
【详解】句意：十二年前我成为了一名老师。我从2008年就已经是一名教师了。我在这所学校教了八年了。
考查介词辨析。一段时间+ag，意为“在……以前”，表示过去的时间点，和一般过去时连用；befre+时间点，意为“在……以前”；after+时间点，意为“在……之后”，经常和过去时态连用；fr+一段时间，意为“达……时间”，可以和现在完成时连用；since+过去的时间点，意为“自从……”，是现在完成时的标志词。根据时态和结构，故选C。
8．A
【详解】句意：妈妈让儿子在音乐会期间保持安静。
考查介词辨析。thrugh从头至尾；arund围绕；with有；acrss穿过，根据空前的“Mum asked the sn t keep quiet”和空后的“a cncert”可知，应该是妈妈让儿子在音乐会期间保持安静，用thrugh，故选A。
9．B
【详解】句意：这是一个坏的学习习惯。无论如何，你都要去掉它。
考查副词的用法。Instead相反，代替，顶替；Anywayadv.不论以何种方式，不论以何种方法；无论如何，至少；但是；不顾；Finally最后，终于；Mrever更多。根据句意选B。
10．D
【详解】句意：我弟弟上班几乎不迟到，是吗？——是的，他基本上不迟到。他是一个勤奋的人。
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。第一句陈述句部分，时态是现在完成时，has是助动词，hardly“几乎不”，具有否定意义。所以反问部分用带助动词has的肯定式，排除ABC选项，故选D。
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．C
【导语】本文讲述了作者在14岁生日时，在家举行了一个聚会。她没有邀请萨拉，但是萨拉给她送来了礼物，她认为那是她收到的最好的礼物。
11．句意：客人的人数很快从7人增加到17人。
bys男孩；guests客人；bks书本；desks桌子。根据后文的“When each guest (客人) invitatin, I was especially happy.”可知，此处指的是客人的数量，故选B。
12．句意：我们班几乎每个女生都被邀请了。
invited邀请；invented发明；shwed展示；suggested建议。根据“When each guest (客人) invitatin, I was especially happy.”可知，此处表示邀请班里的女生，故选A。
13．句意：当每个客人兴奋地接受邀请时，我特别高兴。
made制作；fund找到；accepted接受；passed通过。根据“Nearly every girl in my class was...”可知，此处表示我邀请班里的女孩，因此她们接受邀请，故选C。
14．句意：客厅里充满了喊声和笑声。
classrm教室；library图书馆；restaurant餐厅；living rm客厅。根据“It was my 14th birthday and I wuld have the biggest party ever.”可知，我要举行生日聚会，应在客厅里进行，故选D。
15．句意：我很惊讶，我能感觉到我的脸变红了。
surprised惊讶的；angry生气的；prud骄傲的；sad悲伤的。根据“We had just finished a game f Twister when the dr bell rang.”可知，我们刚玩完一个游戏就有人敲门，因此感到惊讶，故选A。
16．句意：当我打开门时，前门站着萨拉·韦斯特，她是一个安静的女孩，在音乐课上坐在我旁边，手里拿着一个盒子。
saw看见；pened打开；caught抓住；clsed关上。根据“there at the frnt dr std Sarah Westly”可知，要看见萨拉站在前门，应是我打开门的时候，故选B。
17．句意：当我打开门时，前门站着萨拉·韦斯特，她是一个安静的女孩，在音乐课上坐在我旁边，手里拿着一个盒子。
cat猫；ty玩具；pen钢笔；bx盒子。根据后文的“I accepted the bx, a gift frm Sarah,”可知，此处表示她手里拿着一个盒子，故选D。
18．句意：我怎么忘了邀请萨拉？
frget忘记；stp停止；hpe希望；chse选择。根据“At that mment I felt bad abut frgetting t invite Sarah and really wanted her t rest fr sme time in my rm.”可知，我忘记了邀请她，故选A。
19．句意：我记得只有当有人对我感兴趣时，我才会把一个名字加到客人名单上。
gift礼物；list清单；diary日记；bx盒子。根据“I thught abut the guest list.”可知，此处表示客人名单，故选B。
20．句意：但是萨拉没有那样做。
still仍然；even甚至；never从不；nly仅仅。根据“I remembered that I nly added a name t the smene shwed an interest in me.”可知，我只会把对我感兴趣的人加入客人名单上，名单上没有萨拉，因此表示她对我不感兴趣，故选C。
21．句意：她说：“我不能停留。”
stand站立；sing唱歌；wait等待；stay停留。根据后文的“My dad’s waiting in the car.”可知，她爸爸在车里等她，因此她不能停留，故选D。
22．句意：“谢谢，但我得走了，”她说着，迅速转身向门口走去。
quickly很快地；carefully认真地；finally最后；early早地。根据“My dad’s waiting in the car.”可知，因为她爸爸在车里等她，因此她快速地走了，故选A。
23．句意：直到聚会结束我才打开那个盒子。
ready准备；successful成功的；ver结束的；interesting有趣的。结合句意，此处表示要打开盒子，应是在聚会结束之后，故选C。
24．句意：这是我收到的最好的礼物。
wrst最糟的；last最后的；first第一；best最好的。根据“I didn’t knw it then, but nw I realize that Sarah is my best friend.”可知，根据萨拉给她的礼物，她认为萨拉是她最好的朋友，因此那是她收到的最好的礼物，故选D。
25．句意：后来我想，这个礼物看起来和莎拉的猫西摩一模一样。
tk ut拿出；missed ut错过；thught ut仔细考虑；put ut熄灭。此处接宾语从句，表示想起了她的那个礼物，故选C。
26．C 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了富兰克林旅馆的服务项目：客房服务，餐厅服务等等。
26．细节理解题。根据“Rm Service: Yu can use the service 24 hurs a day.”（客房服务：您可以24小时使用这项服务。）可知一天中任何时候都可以使用客房服务。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“If yu need, please fill in a card and hang it utside yur rm befre 6:00.”可知要在房间里吃饭，要把填好的卡片挂房间外。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据“We will tell yu t wait fr a mment if the lines are busy.”可知如果线路繁忙时，应该稍等。 故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据“Yu can drink cffee here at the fllwing times: 12:00 t 14:00, 20:00 t 23:30.”可知12点到14点有两个小时的时间，20点到23点有三个小时的时间，结合选项，故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据“Rm Service、Dining Rm、Telephne、Shp、Cffee Huse、Anther Service”可知文中提及的服务有：客房服务，餐厅服务，电话，商店，咖啡厅，其他服务，至少六项。故选B。
31．D 32．C 33．C 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了3位足球运动员。
31．细节理解题。根据“I’m a huge fan f Luka Mdric, the captain f Cratia’s natinal sccer team.”可知，卢卡·莫德里奇来自克罗地亚，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据“He wn the 2018 Wrld Cup title at the age f 20”可知他在20岁时赢得了2018年世界杯冠军，所以他参加2022年世界杯时是24岁。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“The reasns are that he trains hard and never gives up when facing difficulty”“Hwever, Messi didn’t give up”以及“but als his spirit—never give up”可知，三位运动员都有着永不放弃的精神，故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“I’m a huge fan f Luka Mdric, the captain f Cratia’s natinal sccer the Qatar Wrld Cup, he led his team t third place”可知克罗地亚国家足球队在2022年卡塔尔世界杯上获得第三名。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据“At an early age, he was a shepherd （牧羊人）and his cuntry was experiencing war”可知他年轻是一个牧羊人，而且他的国家正在经历战争，由此可推知他小的时候过着贫穷的生活。故选C。
36．C 37．A 38．D 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文讲述了一个孩子在父亲去世后的种种变化，本想和其母亲开个玩笑，而从中深受感动的曲折故事。爱很重要，爱、表达爱、懂得爱更是生活幸福的源泉。
36．词句猜测题。根据“I tried t d my best t talk t him. But the mre I tried, the mre he pulled away”可知，即使母亲努力和他说话，他也不开口。故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据“I thught I’d play a jke but when I heard what yu said, it really hit me hw much I was hurting yu”可知，他保持沉默是因为被母亲深深的爱所感动。故选A。
38．词句猜测题。根据前文“One night I felt s pwerless that I gt dwn n my knees and begged fr help.”以及“I can’t d anything mre fr my sn.”和后文I’m giving the whle thing up t yu.”可知，母亲想尽各种办法想让儿子振作起来，但都没有用，母亲感到实在没有力量了，所以跪求上帝，把整个事情交给上帝，所以推知她没有任何办法了，束手无策了。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“Karl's next reprt card shwed…turned himself arund.”可知老师对于他明显进步非常惊讶。故选A。
40．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一个孩子在父亲去世后的种种变化，因为一次偶然的机会被母亲深深地感动了，所以本文主要想表达的是母亲的爱在青少年的人生中起着重要的作用。故选B。
41．D 42．D 43．A 44．A 45．C
【导语】本文是对孔子的介绍。介绍了他的生平、成长历程及他对教育的贡献等。
41．细节理解题。根据“He visited many famus teachers and learned music, histry, petry and sprts.”可知他通过拜访名师，学会了音乐、历史、诗歌和体育。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“Althugh he lived ver 2,000 years ag, peple still remember and respect him fr his cntributin t the educatin tday.”可知时至今日人们仍然铭记和尊敬孔子是因为孔子对教育作出了巨大贡献。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据“His father died when he was nly 3. ... As a child, he had t wrk t help his mther, but yung Cnfucius didn’t give up studying. ... Later, he became a teacher and started the first public schl in Chinese histry. ... He had abut 3,000 students in his lifetime and traveled with his students frm state t state.”可知正确的排序是：孔子的父亲在他3岁时就去世了→孔子小时候努力帮助他的母亲→孔子开创了中国历史上第一所私塾→孔子一生教育了大约3000名学生。故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据“He tld us that we all have smething wrthy t be learned.”可知，人人都有值得学习的东西，A项错误。故选A。
45．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了伟大的教育家、思想家孔子，所以C选项“孔子——一个伟大的教育家和思想家”是本文最佳标题。故选C。
46．Travelling/Traveling 47．beautiful 48．healthy 49．rain 50．illness 51．wrst 52．Suggestins/Advice 53．clearly 54．tgether 55．carefully
【分析】本文主要讲述的是关于旅行的事，并就“如何度过一个完美的旅行”作者给我们提了一些建议。
46．根据“Travelling is a very gd activity.”可知，整个文章都是与旅行有关的，所以文章的标题应是travelling，故填Travelling/Traveling。
47．根据“yu can g t a beautiful place t enjy the beauty f nature”可知，旅行的一个好处就是可以去美丽的地方，欣赏自然的美景。空处应该用形容词beautiful“美丽的”修饰其后的名词，故填beautiful。
48．根据“It’s gd fr yur health t d s.”可知，旅行对你的健康是有好处的，此处是make sb+adj的结构，应用形容词healthy“健康的”，故填healthy。
49．根据“There may be rain when yu travel.”可知，天气是多变的，在旅行时可能会下雨。may后接动词原形，故填rain。
50．根据“Yu may catch a cld r be ill while traveling. Then yu will have truble.”可知，在旅行时，你可能会感冒或者生病。f是介词，后接名词，故填illness。
51．根据“The wrst thing is that the thieves may steal(偷) yur mney.”可知，最糟糕的事情是小偷可能会偷走你的钱，此处应用最高级形式wrst，故填wrst。
52．根据右栏的描述可知，是对旅行提出了一些建议，应用不可数名词advice，或复数名词suggestins，故填Suggestins/Advice。
53．根据“Firstly, yu must have clear infrmatin abut the weather.”可知，你必须熟悉有关天气的信息，clearly“清楚地”，是副词，修饰句中的动词，故填clearly。
54．根据“Secndly, ask a friend t g with yu s that yu can help each ther.”可知，你可以请一位朋友和你一起去以便互相帮助，此处指的是“一起去”，应用tgether表示，故填tgether。
55．根据“Thirdly, yu must be careful everywhere and try nt t cause accidents.”可知，做任何事情都要小心，修饰动词，应该用副词形式，故填carefully。
56．what 57．t find 58．an 59．but 60．hnestly 61．will make 62．feelings 63．n 64．Remember 65．Trying
【导语】本文介绍了许多青少年和父母相处不好，他们不知道该怎么办。作者在做了妈妈之后，鼓励孩子大胆地和父母交流，并提醒青少年要保持冷静，控制好自己的情绪，珍爱生活和家人，和父母和睦相处。
56．句意：如果你面临这样的问题，我现在要说的可能对你有帮助。此处是主语从句，动词saying后，缺少宾语，表示事情，因此用what充当宾语，故填what。
57．句意：为了查明为什么你们彼此相处得不好，你曾经想过要和你的父母谈一谈吗？find“找到”，此处作目的状语，故填t find。
58．句意：我很抱歉我有这样的经历。experience“经历”，是元音音素开头，单数可数名词，因此用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。
59．句意：当然我们有不同的观点，但是我鼓励他们和我坦率地、诚实地交流。结合句意，前一句表示我们有不同的观点，后一句表示我鼓励他们和我坦率地、诚实地交流，前后表示转折关系，因此用连词but“但是”，故填but。
60．句意：当然我们有不同的观点，但是我鼓励他们和我坦率地、诚实地交流。hnest“诚实的”，是形容词，修饰动宾短语cmmunicate with me，用副词，故填hnestly。
61．句意：和你的父母争吵会让他们生气，你不会感觉好。make“使”，根据“and yu wn’t feel gd”可知，此处用一般将来时，故填will make。
62．句意：如果你不能控制你的情绪，你可以去找医生或你的老师，他们会就你的问题给你建议。feel“感受”，是动词，有形容词性物主代词yur修饰，用名词，你的情绪，不是一种，因此用复数名词，故填feelings。
63．句意：如果你不能控制你的情绪，你可以去找医生或你的老师，他们会就你的问题给你建议。give advice n sth表示“就某事给出建议”，故填n。
64．句意：记住你的父母爱你。remember“记住”，是动词，此处是祈使句，谓语用动词原形，位于句首，开头字母大写，故填Remember。
65．句意：尽你最大努力和你的父母好好相处是很重要的。try“努力”，根据“is”可知，空格处应用非谓语动词，此处应用动名词短语作主语。故填Trying。
66．例文
We students shuld always imprve urselves. Travelling and reading are gd fr us. Our bdy and mind must be n the way. I have been t Beijing. There, I visited the Frbidden City, Tiananmen Square and ther scenic spts. When playing utside, we shuld pay attentin t public health and civilized travel. When I read the bks that I lve mst, I feel relaxed. Jurney t the West is my favrite bk. The mnkey king always tries his best t slve the difficulties that he faces and never gives up. He really encurages me a lt in sme ways. I think they can enrich ur experience and better understand life.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”、“现在完成时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：要求根据表格内容谈谈自己去过的地方，自己读过的好书。不要遗漏表格中的要点，适当添加细节，写作时保持主谓一致，注意字数要求。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍喜欢旅游的原因、注意事项、以及自己曾经去过的一个旅游景点；
第二步，介绍喜欢阅读的表现、原因、及读过的最喜欢的书；
第三步，谈谈自己的观点。
[亮点词汇]
①pay attentin t注意
②try ne’s best t d sth尽某人最大努力做某事
③give up放弃
[高分句型]
①When I read the bks that I lve mst, I feel relaxed.（时间状语从句）
②I think they can enrich ur experience and better understand life.（宾语从句）
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