备考2024届高考英语一轮复习讲义第一部分过透教材Unit2MoralsandVirtues新人教版必修第三册

这是一份备考2024届高考英语一轮复习讲义第一部分过透教材Unit2MoralsandVirtues新人教版必修第三册，共7页。
Life is precius t Lin Qiazhi， wh had delivered ver 50，000 babies in her lifetime. When peple entrusted her with their lives， it was her virtue that carriedherthrughdecades f hard chices. When she was 18， she chse t study medicine instead f entering int a marriage like the majrity f girls. Unfrtunately， her brther respnded negatively t her chice，cmplaining abut the high tuitinfees. Hwever， nthing culd scare her ff. After graduatin， Lin Qiazhi wn a schlarship and was appinted as a residentphysician in a famus hspital. After a few years， she was sent t study in Eurpe and then the US， where she greatly impressed her clleagues， wh invited her t stay but were rejected， fr she was determined t return t China. Then during the war， she pened her wn clinic t shield the injured frm harm. After the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China， she was elected t many imprtant psitins， but this didn’t weaken her interest at all in tending patients and training the next generatin f dctrs wh culd replace her. Dr Lin didn’t retire until the day she passedaway.
During her whle life， Dr Lin publishedagreatdealf medical research， leaving massive wealth t the wrld， and her savings were used n children and medical develpment. Inmemryf her cntributins， a memrial park was built in 1984 n Kulangsu Island.
1 respndvt.&vi.回答，回复（reply） vi.作出反应，回应（react）
1.[外研选必②－6]Temperatures are rising， and natins are failing t respnd t it.
2.[译林选必④－2]Mre imprtantly， whether yu apprve f the speaker’s wrds r nt， yu need t be hnest in yur respnse （respnd）.
3.我写信是响应网站上发布的通知，申请一份城市篮球比赛的志愿工作。（申请信）
I’m writing t apply fr a vluntary jb in the City Basketball Cmpetitin in respnse t the ntice psted n the website .
2 tendvt.&vi.照顾；照料（attendt，carefr，lkafter，takecaref） vi.往往会；倾向；趋于
1.[译林必修②－2]It has als been prven that active peple tend t have （have） better immune systems and are at lwer risk f diseases.
2.There is a widespread tendency （tend） that mre and mre yung peple chse nline shpping rather than g t brick-and-mrtar stres（实体店） t buy what they like.
（引入话题）
点拨
此处that引导同位语从句，作tendency的同位语。
3.Every time I get tired f studying， tending （t） the flwers （照料花儿） n the balcny makes me feel energetic again.
点拨
主句谓语为makes，所以空处应填非谓语形式作主语，且此处表示习惯性的动作，所以用v-ing作主语。
4.然而，许多人往往会以成败论英雄。
→①Hwever， many peple tend t judge a persn by his/her success r failure. （tend）
→②Hwever， many peple have a tendency t judge a persn by his/her success r failure. （tendency）
3 scarevt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓
1.Sme parents try t scare their naughty children int behaving themselves.
2.After watching a scary film， she was scared in the dark at midnight.（scare）
3.[外研选必①－1]Althugh she is clearly still in sme pain， her scared （scare） and anxius lk has been replaced — first by a small smile， and then by lud laughter...
4.Scared f lsing cntrl f their life， sme peple tend t fllw the path that thers suggest because they are scared t fail （fail）.
5.When I realized that the bear was cming back t attack us， I was nearly scared t death （几乎要吓死了）. （读后续写之心理描写）
4 replacevt.接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①Yu have t replace the bks n the shelves befre yu leave. 把……放回原处
②[译林必修②－2]In respnse t public interest，ur aerbics class has been replaced with several fun ptins，including mdern dance. 取代
2.我强烈推荐我的朋友李明，他是最适合下周代替鲍勃的人。（推荐信）
I strngly recmmend my friend Li Ming， wh is the mst suitable persn t replace/take
the place f Bb next week.
5 harmn.&vt.伤害；损害
1.[北师选必①－3]High-tensin pwer lines， as well as clear-cut crridrs， pipelines， rads f rcks and painted lines n the grund d n harm t animals.
2.Nt nly cntinued Antarctic turism but als the intrductin f sme harmful （harm） freign things culd threaten the balance f the lcal ecsystem.（环境保护）
3.The experienced physician prescribed the pregnant wman sme medicine harmless （harm） t her baby.
点拨
句意：医生给孕妇开了一些对孩子无害的药。高考语法填空题中，若提示词为名词，需要变成形容词时，还要根据语境看空处是表示否定意义还是肯定意义。
4. There is n harm in turning ff the light （关上灯没有害处） when yu g ut.
5.花太多时间上网会损害我们的视力。（个人观点）
Spending t much time nline can harm /d harm t/be harmful t ur eyesight .
6 carrysb.thrugh（sth.）帮助某人渡过难关
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①It’s a difficult jb but she’s the persn t carry it thrugh. 成功完成（工作）
②In the past tugh years， his determinatin has carried him thrugh. 帮助他渡过难关
点拨
thrugh可以作介词，后接名词；也可以作副词，后不接任何成分。
③He has prved he can carry thrugh n his prmises. 履行他的承诺
2.[外研必修②－6]Carry ut the survey and use the results t cme up with ways t reduce carbn ftprint.
3.[人教必修③－4]This is because peple believe in the imprtance f carrying n space explratin despite the huge risks.
4.With her cmpany and cntinual encuragement， I successfully went thrugh thse tugh years.
→ It was her cmpany and cntinual encuragement that carried me thrugh thse tugh years. （强调句型）
点拨
g thrugh在此处意为"经历，经受（尤指苦难或艰难时期）"，除此之外，还可表示"检查；通读，查阅；（法律、协议、决定）获得通过"。
5.大海的气味勾起了她童年的回忆。
The smell f the sea carried her back t her childhd .
7 inmemryf作为对……的纪念
1.The text is s imprtant that we shuld memrize/memrise （memry） it.
点拨
-ize（-ise）为常见的动词后缀，如mdernize，industrialize，glbalize等。
2.We will hld a series f activities in memry f thse brave firefighters （纪念那些勇敢的消防队员）.
点拨
类似的"in＋n.＋f "型短语还有：in praise f 称赞，歌颂；in celebratin f 庆祝；in search f 寻找；in favur f支持，赞同；in charge f负责，管理；in supprt f支持；in terms f就……而言；in aid f为帮助；in hnur f向……表示敬意；in need f 需要。
8 agreatdeal（f）大量
1.A great deal f nervus tensin befre the perfrmance ften leads （lead） t a ttal mess n stage.
2.This time he drve a gd deal faster （fast） s we didn’t arrive late like last Sunday.
点拨
本句中没有明显的比较级标志词than，但由句首的This time和s后的句子可知此处暗含比较意义，且空前有a gd deal修饰，故填fast的比较级。常见的修饰比较级的词还有any， much， even， far， a lt等。
3.Yur advice and guidance mean a great/gd deal t us （对我们意义重大） in the English Drama Festival.（感谢信）
4.我花了大量时间阅读您推荐的相关文献，从中学到了很多。（感谢信）
I spent a great/gd deal f time （in） reading relevant literature yu recmmended， frm which I have learned a great/gd deal .
9 "否定词＋adj./adv.比较级"表示最高级意义
1.如果您能抽出一点时间给我一些指导，我将不胜感激。（求助信）
I culdn’t be mre grateful if yu culd spare sme time t give me sme guidance.
点拨
"不胜感激"还可以用"I can’t thank yu enugh"表达。
2."我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！"妈妈满意地回答道。
" I’ve never had a mre delicius breakfast than this ！ "Mm replied in a satisfied vice.
10 wuldratherdsth.宁愿做某事
1.It’s s ht utside！ I wuld rather stay （stay） at hme ding husewrk.
2.[外研选必②－3]After all， hw many f us tday wuld rather send a message packed with emjis than make a telephne call？
3.如今，人们宁愿用高科技产品来交流和消磨时间，也不愿与朋友及家人出去。
→①Nwadays， peple wuld rather cmmunicate and kill time by using hi-tech prducts than g ut with friends and families .（wuld rather）
→②Nwadays， peple prefer t cmmunicate and kill time by using hi-tech prducts rather than g ut with friends and families .（prefer）
一对反义前缀：in-（im-）& ex-
本单元：im-（向内）＋prt（港口）→进入港口内→imprt 进口
ex-（向外）＋prt（港口）→到港口外→exprt 出口
拓展：
从下列方框中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。
inside include invlve express expse exact
1.[人教必修②－4]An idim is an expressin which means smething different frm the meaning f the individual wrds.
2.[人教选必③－2]Fr example， sme f them may becme invlved in tbacc r alchl abuse， which can lead t physical and mental health prblems.
点拨
be/becme/get invlved in...专心/沉迷于……。注意invlve和include的区别：invlve表示"包含；牵涉；（使）参加"，而include表示"包含；使成为……的一部分"。
3.[北师必修③－9]Cuntries need t think abut ways t inspire interest fr bys in reading and ensure that they are expsed t a wide variety f different types f literature frm a yung age.
4.[人教必修①－1]Design an eye-catching lg fr yur club and make a pster including the club’s name， slgan， and lg.
5.[人教必修①－5]Chinese calligraphy has develped alng with China’s civilisatin. It is difficult t say when exactly calligraphy started.
6.[人教选必③－4]It tk him a lt f energy t mve all the items f furniture inside the huse.★respnd t...（with...）（以……）回答/响应……
★respnse n.回答，答复；反应；响应
in respnse t 作为对……的答复；响应
★tend （t） sb./sth.照料某人/某物
tend t d sth.往往会发生某事；易于做某事
tend t/twards...趋向于……
★tendency n.倾向；趋势
have a tendency t d sth.有做某事的倾向
tendency t/twards...……的倾向
★其他表示"趋势"的词：
trend， current， tide
★scare sb. away/ff把某人吓跑
scare sb. int ding sth.恐吓某人做某事
★scared adj.害怕的
be scared f （ding）sth.害怕（做）某事
be scared t d sth.害怕做某事
be scared t death害怕得要死
★scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的
★replace A （with/by B）（用B）接替/取代A
★replacement n.[U]替换，更换；[C]替代品
replaceable adj.可替换的；可代替的
★"代替，取代"的其他表达：
in place f sb.＝in ne’s place
take ne’s place＝take the place f sb.
★d sb. harm/d harm t sb.对某人有害
There is n harm in ding sth.做某事没有害处。
★harmful adj.有害的
be harmful t...对……有害
★harmless adj.无害的
★carry sth. thrugh成功完成某事
carry thrugh （n/with sth.）履行（承诺）
★carry n继续，坚持；继续移动
carry ut sth.履行（诺言）；执行/完成（计划、研究等）
carry sb. back （t sth.）使某人回想起（某事）；使某人回忆（某事）
★memrise（NAmE memrize）vt.记住，熟记
memrable adj.值得纪念的，难忘的
memrial adj.纪念的，悼念的n.纪念碑；纪念物
★a great/gd deal f＋n. [U]＋v.（单数）
a great/gd many f＋n. [C]＋v.（复数）
★a great/gd deal（副词短语）可修饰adj./adv.比较级，也可修饰v.。
a great/gd deal（名词短语）意为"大量，许多"，作主语或宾语。
★此结构常译为"没有比……更……，再……不过了"。
★常用的否定词有nthing， n， nt， never， nbdy等。
★wuld rather为情态动词短语，后接动词原形。
★wuld rather d sth. than d sth. （＝wuld d sth. rather than d sth.＝prefer t d sth. rather than d sth.）宁愿做某事也不愿做某事