备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit6Disasterandhope外研版必修第三册

这是一份备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit6Disasterandhope外研版必修第三册，共8页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A
Yellwstne Natinal Park withdrew mre than 10，000 visitrs after flash flds hit the park. Huses， rads and bridges were washed away， and the park’s gateway cmmunities were cut ff frm rads. Even as scientists and land managers are shcked by the severe flds， unseen in 100 years f recrded histry， they recgnize the similarities t the events their data predicted. They just didn’t expect them t ccur this year.
While it will take mre research t cnfirm if climate change made this fld event mre extreme， the 2021GreaterYellwstneClimateAssessment predicts significant changes in precipitatin（降水）， including when it will arrive and what frm it will take. Scientists expect mre spring rain and less winter snw. The assessment als predicts increasing annual precipitatin in Yellwstne Natinal Park.
Changes have been already dcumented in the assessment. Since 1950， spring precipitatin in the regin has increased by 17 percent in April and 23 percent in May. Snwfall has dwindled even thugh verall annual precipitatin has increased. That means rather than a slw release f meltwater t valleys during the summer mnths， rainfall tends t cmbine with melting snw， causing riskier events like the recent fld.
June precipitatin this year is nw at mre than 400 percent abve average in the parts f Mntana and Wyming that include Yellwstne. And as temperatures rise， these rain-n-snw events are prjected t becme mre frequent at higher elevatins（海拔） in western Nrth America， while lwer snwpack will make them less frequent at lw elevatins.
Bruce Stein， chief scientist f the Natinal Wildlife Federatin， said several years befre， when he trained Yellwstne emplyees fr climate planning， they fcused n the features that drew visitrs t the park — like bisn and wlves. Rads， bridges， and huses getting washed away were ut f their cnsideratin. "I think it’s urgent and necessary fr the park t lk ahead t plan fr different situatins that culd pssibly happen as the climate changes，" said Stein.
本文是说明文，主要讲述了黄石国家公园遭遇百年不遇的洪水以及洪水产生的可能原因。
【词语积累】 withdraw v.使撤离 assessment n.评价，评估 dcument v.记录，记载（详情）
snwpack n.积雪
【熟词生义】 1.flash常用义：v.（使）闪耀，闪光 n.闪光，闪光灯 文中义：adj.突发的
2.prject常用义：n.项目，方案，工程 文中义：v.预测，预计，推想
【长难句解读】 While it will take mre research t cnfirm （if-climate change made this
While引导的让步状语从句，其中包含一个if引导的宾语从句
fld event mreextreme），the 2021Greater Yellwstne Climate Assessmentpredicts
主语谓语
significant changes in precipitatin（降水），including （when it will arrive）and （what frm
宾语（significant changes…take），其中including后接两个并列的宾语从句
it will take）.
译文：虽然需要更多的研究来确认气候变化是否使这次洪水事件更加极端，但《2021大黄石地区气候评估报告》预测了降水的显著变化，包括降水的到来时间和形式。
1.What can we learn abut the flds？
A. They were the mst destructive in histry.
B. They had been predicted with certainty.
C. They were wrsened by changes in climate.
D. They were partly in line with scientists’ expectatin.
解析 D 细节理解题。由第一段中的"they recgnize the similarities t the events their data year"可知，洪灾与科学家们的预测是部分一致的，故选D。
2. What des the underlined wrd "dwindled" in paragraph 3 mean？
A. Varied.B. Balanced.
C. Dubled.D. Declined.
解析 D 词义猜测题。由even thugh和has increased可推知，画线词意为"减少"，故选D。
3. What des Stein think the park shuld d next？
A. Take preventative measures.
B. Rebuild damaged structures.
C. Fcus n its attractive features.
D.Receive training in climate planning.
解析 A 推理判断题。由最后一段的"I think it’s urgent and necessary fr the park ... as the climate changes"可知，Stein认为黄石国家公园必须向前看，为气候变化可能引发的不同情况做好计划，这是非常紧迫和必要的。也就是说，黄石国家公园应该做到防患于未然，故选A。
4. What is the best title fr the text？
A. Yellwstne area： Is it mre at risk f fld？
B. Yellwstne flding： Why des it happen nw？
C. Climate planning： Why is it imprtant t Yellwstne？
D. Climate change： Des it mean mre rain fr Yellwstne？
解析 B 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了黄石国家公园遭遇百年不遇的洪水及洪水产生的可能原因，B项更好地概括了文章的内容，做文章标题最佳。
B
[2023山东二模]It was a lng weekend in May 2018 and my partner Gabe Rsescu and I were taking a rad trip t g t Nelsn， British Clumbia and spend sme time with ur friends. It was ur first trip tgether.
At arund 5：30 p.m. n Thursday， May 17， we were driving abut 11 miles west f Crestn， n a steep muntain rad knwn as the Crwsnest Highway. I was texting updates t my family and enjying the view. We weren’t aware that there had recently been flding in the area. When I lked up frm my phne， I saw a wave f mud and a huge tree cming dwn the muntain， right in frnt f Gabe’s car. He tried t stp， but it was t late. The mudslide sent ur car falling nearly 300 meters dwn a rcky cliff （悬崖） and ur car landed n its side amng sme trees.
I didn’t knw hw lng we were uncnscius. But the bdy is an amazing thing， and smehw we were bth able t crawl （爬） ut f the crashed car. We had n phne signal， s all we culd d was shut fr help. After just a few minutes， we heard smene call back. Fur passers-by sptted us and came t ur rescue. When the emergency medical technicians finally gt t ur side， they laded us int separate ambulances. I was in the hspital fr a week and a half， but they kept Gabe fr six weeks. I was tld I wuld walk with a limp （跛行） fr the rest f my life； Gabe permanently lst the visin in his left eye.
Befre all this happened， we were happy-g-lucky peple. We’re even mre sanguine nw. We lk at everything differently. Despite the injuries we suffered， we’re grateful that we’re still living a pretty gd life.
本文是记叙文，主要讲述了作者与Gabe在开车去看朋友的路上遭遇泥流，被冲下悬崖，最终获救并积极面对人生的故事。
【词语积累】 cme t sb.’s rescue前来营救某人
happy-g-lucky adj.无忧无虑的，乐天派的，逍遥自在的
【熟词生义】 1.update常用义：v.更新，使现代化 文中义：n.最新消息，最新进展
2.wave常用义：n.海浪，波浪，波涛 文中义：n.涌现的事物
3.send常用义：v.邮寄，发送 文中义：v.使快速（或猛然）移动
1. Why did the authr and Gabe g t Nelsn？
A. T g sightseeing.
B. T visit their friends.
C. T jin in a rad trip.
D. T lk fr adventure.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第一段中的"Gabe Rsescu and I were taking a rad trip ... with ur friends"可知，作者和Gabe开车去Nelsn是为了与朋友共度时光，即拜访朋友，故B项正确。
2. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut？
A. Hw the trip was planned.
B. Which rads they kept t.
C. Hw the accident happened.
D. What culd be seen n the way.
解析 C 段落大意题。通读第二段的内容可知，本段主要交代了事故发生的时间、地点、原因和结果，故C项（事故是怎样发生的）最能概括段落的主要内容。
3. What can we learn abut the authr and Gabe？
A. They bth lst their phnes.
B. They were bth seriusly injured.
C. They tried their best t keep cnscius.
D. They were sent t hspital by passers-by.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第三段中的"I was in the hspital fr a week and a half... lst the visin in his left eye"可知，作者余生都要一瘸一拐地走路，而Gabe的左眼则永久性失明。由此可知，作者和Gabe都受伤很严重，故B项正确。
4. Which f the fllwing can best explain the underlined wrd "sanguine" in paragraph 4？
A. Optimistic.B. Frtunate.
C. Adventurus.D. Cautius.
解析 A 词义猜测题。由最后一段中的"Befre all this happened， we were happy-g-lucky peple"可知，作者他们之前是乐天派。再结合画线词前的"even mre"和后面的"We lk at everything differently... we’re grateful that we’re still living a pretty gd life"可知，画线词所在句表示"现在我们更加乐观了"，故选A。
二、完形填空
[志愿服务/]Jim McIngvale watched in hrrr as Hurricane Ida made landfall， hitting Luisiana. Fr him， it 1 ne thing： Time t "get in the game". McIngvale， wh wns Gallery Furniture in Hustn， quickly called fr 2 f necessities like fd and water. Then he and his wrkers 3 every truck t take them t Luisiana.
"Luisiana 4 t us Hustnians during Hurricane Harvey， s 5 ， it’s the right thing t d t help ur neighbrs，" McIngvale said. He als pened his furniture shwrm t 6 many families.
Ana Lee is amng thse wh were 7 t the strm. She drve t Gallery Furniture after being tld abut McIngvale’s 8 . "I was warmly received，" Lee said. "It’s a 9 t meet smebdy like him."
Peple wh lined up t help ut said they did s after 10 watching McIngvale help thse in need. Chris Ogle was ne f them 11 by McIngvale. He helped putting 12 nt trucks after giving away sme bttled water t the 13 . He said， "If yu knew McIngvale， yu wuldn’t be 14 by the lng lines f peple waiting t cntribute. 15 ， this was nt the first time he had helped. He had vlunteered t ffer help many times after natural disasters."
Jim McIngvale在得知路易斯安那州遭遇飓风侵袭之后，积极参与了对当地受灾居民的援助。在他的影响下，许多人积极参与其中。
【熟词生义】 effrt 常用义：n.努力，艰难的尝试 文中义：n.有组织的活动
1.A. meantB. prved
C. stressedD. affected
解析 A 飓风"艾达"袭击路易斯安那州，于他而言，意味着（meant）一件事——是时候行动了。
2. A. allcatinsB. preparatins
C. distributinsD. dnatins
解析 D 由下文中的"necessities like fd and water""giving away sme bttled water"和"waiting t cntribute"可知，D项符合语境。allcatin划拨的款项，分配的东西；preparatin准备工作；distributin分配；dnatin捐赠物，捐赠。
3. A. checkedB. emptied
C. ladedD. cleaned
解析 C 此处说的是把物资装到卡车上，故选C项。lad表示"（把大量……）装上，装入"。
4. A. came upB. made up
C. stuck utD. reached ut
解析 D 在飓风"哈维"来袭时，路易斯安那州向休斯敦人伸出了援手。reach ut t sb.为某人提供帮助，援助某人。
5.A. in returnB. in general
C. at lastD. at heart
解析 A 此处表示"作为回报，帮助邻居是正确的事情"，故选A项，in return表示"作为回报"。in general通常，大体上；at last最终；at heart内心里，本质上。
6. A. feedB. cmfrt
C. shelterD. examine
解析 C McIngvale开放家具陈列室是为了给许多家庭提供栖身之处。feed喂养；cmfrt安慰；shelter为……提供庇护处，收容；examine检查。C项符合语境。
7. A. accustmedB. directed
C. subjectedD. challenged
解析 C Ana Lee是遭受风暴袭击的受害者之一，故选C项。be subjected t sth.表示"经受……，遭受……"。
8.A. genersityB. hnesty
C. braveryD. strength
解析 A 此处表示"在得知McIngvale的慷慨之后，她开车去了Gallery Furniture"，故本题选A项。 genersity慷慨，hnesty正直，bravery勇敢，strength力量。
9.A. pleasureB. chance
C. planD. dream
解析 A Lee很高兴能遇到像McIngvale这样的人。pleasure表示"乐事，快事"，符合语境。
10. A. frtunatelyB. frequently
C. curiuslyD. carefully
解析 B 下文提到"这不是McIngvale第一次伸出援手了，他已经在自然灾害后提供帮助很多次了"，那么，此处表达的应是"在经常看到McIngvale帮助有需要的人之后，人们也开始这样做了"。frtunately幸运地，frequently经常地，curiusly好奇地，carefully认真地。B项符合语境。
11. A. supprtedB. apprached
C. persuadedD. inspired
解析 D Chris Ogle是受到McIngvale鼓舞的人之一。supprt支持；apprach接洽；persuade说服；inspire激励，鼓舞。D项符合语境。
12. A. prductsB. clthes
C. suppliesD. bttles
解析 C 上文提到McIngvale呼吁人们捐赠水和食物等必需品，那么，此处表示"Ogle帮忙把补给品装上卡车"，故选C项，supplies表示"补给品"。
13.A. effrtB. cmpany
C. serviceD. battle
解析 A effrt在此表示"有组织的活动"。
14. A. tuchedB. surprised
C. excitedD. delighted
解析 B 如果你认识McIngvale，看到人们排着长队等着捐赠，你就不会感到惊讶了。tuched受感动，surprised惊讶的，excited兴奋的，delighted愉快的。B项符合语境。
15. A. LuckilyB. Hpefully
C. EventuallyD. Actually
解析 D 事实上，这并不是McIngvale第一次伸出援手。luckily幸运的是，幸运地；hpefully希望，但愿；eventually最后；actually事实上。
三、语法填空
[生态环保/]The emperr penguin（帝企鹅） may nt survive climate change — r even this century. Fr decades， glbal warming has been melting（使融化） the sea ice 1 the flightless seabirds make their hme； sme frmerly 2 （freeze） areas have shrunk by 60 percent in just 30 years. These largest penguins are nearly 90 punds in 3 （weigh） and can stand 45 inches tall. They need the ice 4 （prduce） their babies， avid ceanging killers， and find fd. When sea ice 5 （becme） liquid early， the species can disappear. The ppulatin is 6 （present） stable with abut 270，000 t 280，000 breeding（繁殖） pairs.
But research suggests thse numbers culd fall by nearly half in the next 30 years， and that the species will be effectively extinct by 2100. Emperr penguins 7 （list） as a threatened species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service already， which puts them 8 the prtectin f the Endangered Species Act. The hpe is t prtect them by 9 （get） mre cnservatin funding and ways fr internatinal cperatin n research. "The listing f the emperr penguin serves as bth 10 alarm bell and a call t actin，" says Martha Williams， directr f the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
本文是说明文。数十年来，全球变暖使南极的海冰大量融化，这使帝企鹅面临灭绝的危险。
1.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词引导限制性定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
2.frzen 考查形容词。由空前的"frmerly"和空后的"areas"可知，空处应填frzen（冰封的，封冻的，结冰的）， frzen在句中作定语。
3.weight 考查名词。in weight是固定用法，意为"在重量上"。
4.tprduce 考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词来表目的，且此处表示主动关系，故填t prduce。
5.becmes 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由语境可知，此处描述的是客观情况，动词应用一般现在时；主语sea ice不可数，谓语动词应用单数，且becme为系动词，故填becmes。
6.presently 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词作状语，应用副词，故填presently。
7.havebeenlisted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由时间状语already可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语Emperr penguins与list是动宾关系，故填have been listed。
8.under 考查介词。under the prtectin f表示 "在……的保护之下"，是固定用法。
9.getting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所填词作介词by的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，且此处表示主动关系，故填getting。
10.an 考查冠词。alarm bell表示单数概念，此处表示泛指，且alarm的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。