北师大版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第4册UNIT12 INNOVATION.课时学案

这是一份北师大版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第4册UNIT12 INNOVATION.课时学案，共15页。

1 entertainment [课本义]n.娱乐节目[增补义]n.娱乐；款待，招待
①I had several children and bks were ur main surce f entertainment(entertain)．
②Humr makes average­lking peple lk cute and uninteresting peple seem entertaining(entertain)．
③T ur entertainment，the gifted cmedian began t perfrm an Indian dance.
Having fund his mther weeping，little Tmmy tried t entertain her with whatever he culd think f(试图用他能想到的任何东西来让她开心)．
◎t ne's entertainment使某人高兴的是
◎entertain vi.& vt.使娱乐，使快乐；招待entertain sb.t sth.用某物招待某人
entertain sb.with sth.用某物使某人快乐
◎entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的
find entertainment in...以……为乐
give an entertainment t sb.招待某人
give a farewell entertainment t sb.为某人举行欢送会
see life frm an entertaining angle从娱乐的角度看待人生
2 gifted [课本义]adj.有天赋的，有才华的[增补义]adj.具有(令人愉快的特质)
①Michael may have been a dunce at mathematics，but he is gifted in/at languages.
②Mther has a gift fr making peple feel at hme.
这个女孩在学习语言方面十分有天赋。
①The girl has a gift fr learning languages.
②The girl is gifted in/at learning languages.
◎be gifted in/at在……方面有天赋
◎gift n．天赋，才华；礼物
have a gift fr有……天赋
be gifted in music在音乐方面有天赋
ne f the mst gifted players in the wrld
世界上最有天赋的运动员之一
3 prpse [课本义]vt.提出(某观点、方法等)[增补义]v.提议；打算；求婚
①The teacher may require a secnd prpsal (prpse) if the first is ff­tpic r unclear.
②A prfessr has prpsed that a fund be established (establish) t raise mney.
As t presents，I make a prpsal that yu shuld chse(建议你选择) sme with New Zealand features，which is bund t win yur friend's affectin.
◎prpse ding...建议做……
prpse that...(shuld) d...建议……
◎prpsal n．提议，建议
the prpsal t d...做……的建议
prpse building a gymnasium建议建一所体育馆
a new prpsal fllwed n frm the discussins讨论出了一个新提案
the prpsal has generated a lt f interest这项建议引起众多的关注
4 instant [课本义]adj.立刻的，马上的[增补义]adj.速溶的n.立即，瞬间
①He instantly(instant) grasped that Stephen was talking abut his wife.
②Please hld n! She will be back in an instant.
The instant he gt t the statin，the train had left already.
→The mment/As sn as/Immediately he gt t the statin，the train had left already.
◎the instant一……就……
in an instant立即
◎instantly adv.立即，马上
instant cffee速溶咖啡
send an instant message发送一条即时消息
be back in an instant马上就回来
5 decline [课本义]vi.减少，降低[增补义]vi.&vt.谢绝，拒绝
①As the ecnmy was in decline，sme peple in the twn had lst their jbs.
②The ld cuple declined t accept (accept) ur reward fr their kind help and fine care.
The number f turists t the resrt declined by 60% last year (去年下降了60%)because f the epidemic.
◎a decline in在……方面下降
in decline/n the decline在衰退中
◎decline t d...拒绝做……
decline t减少到……
decline by减少了……
decline their invitatin谢绝他们的邀请
fall int (a) decline开始衰退
6 explde [课本义]vi.&vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长[增补义]vi.(感情)迸发
①Charles explded with anger when hearing the news.
②On seeing his funny expressin，we all explded int laughter.
③The explsin(explde) culd be heard a mile away.
The ppulatin can explde t (人口能激增至)40，000 during the turist seasn in the place f interest.
◎explde with anger/rage勃然大怒
explde int...爆发……
◎explsin n．爆炸；突增
◎explsive adj.易爆炸的；暴躁的；突增的n.炸药
◎unexplded adj.未爆炸的
explde int wild laughter一下子大笑起来
the explding wrld ppulatin迅猛增长的世界人口
7 figure ut 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白；计算出
①Have yu figured in/ut the cst f fd fr ur hliday?
②I figure n ging t New Yrk in January.
It didn't take the children lng t figure ut the crrect answer(算出正确的答案)．
figure in把……考虑在内
figure n计划；打算；预料到
figure ut what's n her mind猜透她的心事
help me figure ut this prblem帮我解决这个问题
8 turn t 求助于； 转向；翻到(页码)
①He turned dwn my suggestin withut hesitatin.
②The farmers are turning waste land int rice fields.
③The factry turned ut mre prducts than they had expected.
④The man turned ver and went t sleep again when the telephne rang.
⑤G dwn the street and then turn t the left in the end.
If yu meet new wrds，yu can turn t the dictinary fr help(你可以求助于字典)．
turn against背叛
turn dwn关小；拒绝
turn up开大；出现；被找到
turn in上交
turn(...)int...(使……)成为……
turn ff关闭(水源、煤气、电灯等)
turn n打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)
turn ut结果是；证明是；生产出
turn ver(使)打翻；翻身
turn t trusted adults fr supprt向自己信任的成年人寻求帮助
9 [教材原句]He duble­checked and saw a blue muld in the dish arund which the bacteria had been destryed.经过反复检查，他发现器皿里有一种蓝色的霉菌，而霉菌周围的细菌已经被杀死了。
①Ours is a beautiful cuntry，f which we are greatly prud.
②Wh is the man with whm ur teacher is shaking hands?
He handed me a pen with which I wrte dwn my name(我用它写下了自己的名字)．
在“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物时用which；指人时用whm，而不能用that或wh代替。
Mr.Wang have benefited me a lt，withut whse teachings I wuld nt have achieved s much.王老师使我受益匪浅，没有他的教导我就不会取得这么大的成就。
10 [教材原句]If yu had t chse the single mst imprtant discvery f the 20th century，yu wuld have a real prblem n yur hands.如果你必须在20世纪重大发现中选出最重要的一项，这可不是件容易的事。
①They might have fund a better htel if they had driven (drive) a few mre kilmeters.
②If it rained (rain) this afternn，the basketball match wuld be put ff.
③If I were (be) a flwer，I wuld bring peple a nice spring.
如果王亚平明天来我们学校，我就和她合影。
①If Wang Yaping came t ur schl tmrrw，I wuld take a pht with her．(did)
②If Wang Yaping were t cme t ur schl tmrrw，I wuld take a pht with her．(were t d)
③If Wang Yaping shuld cme t ur schl tmrrw，I wuld take a pht with her．(shuld d),
条件句分为真实条件句与非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)两种。虚拟条件句所表示的假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与主句皆须用虚拟语气。
◎与现在事实相反：If＋主语＋过去式/were，主语＋shuld/culd/wuld/might＋动词原形。
◎与过去事实相反：If＋主语＋had＋动词­ed形式，主语＋shuld/culd/wuld/might＋have＋动词­ed形式。
◎与将来事实相反：If＋主语＋shuld d/did/were t d，主语＋shuld/culd/wuld/might＋动词原形。
If I had fllwed my parents' advice at that time，I wuld nt have encuntered s many difficulties in life.要是我那时听从了父母的建议，我就不会在生活中遇到那么多的困难。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．T my entertainment(entertain)，the cat jumped up in panic when seeing the cucumber.
2．The general prpsed that they (shuld) cease(cease) firing and negtiate a cmprmise.
3．He declined t give(give) any infrmatin n the presidential electin.
4．The truck hit the car，and the driver was killed instantly (instant)．
5．She was blwn ff her feet by the shck wave frm the explsin (explde)．
6．A large number f new gifted (gift) peple have emerged in the academic wrld.
7．If yu had prepared(prepare) fr the exam mre carefully，yu culd have passed it.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I really admire the manager because he is gifted in/at reslving prblems efficiently.
2．I dn't knw the man t whm yu spke just nw near the schl gate.
3．He carefully figured ut what time the first train wuld pass by.
4．Industrial prductin has declined by 20% since 2018.
5．Turning t adults fr help shws that yu are much mre mature.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Right nw，there are abut 1，000 artificial satellites rbiting (rbit) the earth.
2．The plan is designed t mtivate emplyees t wrk mre efficiently (efficient)．
3．Science and technlgy are part f the prductive(prduce) frces.
4．The cnditin prevents the bld frm circulating (circulate) freely.
5．She vercame (vercme) injury t win the gld medal in the Tky Olympics.
6．Many cmpanies make an annual evaluatin (evaluate) f their emplyees.
7．The view f the case ccurred (ccur) t me suddenly just nw.
8．The dctr tld him specifically (specific) nt t smke any mre.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．At the weekend，there are always a mass f peple shpping in the supermarket.
2．Similar t ther rckets，the Electrn rcket splits int tw parts nce it reaches uter space.
3．The ban n plastic bags is t preserve the envirnment frm being plluted.
4．My grandpa is dedicated t educatin in spite f his advanced age.
5．I have called yu several times，but yu were nt in by cincidence.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·全国甲卷)After ur third run Andrew shut dwn the engine，and we went ur separate ways — he fr a lunch break，I t explre the city.C
A．跑步 B．经营 C．旅程，航程
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Fr example，mst f us wuld expect lder drivers always g slwer than everyne else but surprisingly，we fund that in 30mph znes they struggled t keep at a cnstant speed and s were mre likely t break the speed limit and be at risk f getting fined.A
A．固定的；不变的 B．经常的 C．重复的
3．(2019·北京卷)Fr ftball and basketball，adding talented players t a team prves a gd methd，but nly up t the pint where 70% f the players are tp talent；abve that level，the team's perfrmance begins t decline.C
A．谢绝；婉拒 B．减少 C．衰退
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)Tday's figures，accrding t ne gvernment fficial，shw the psitive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities(设施) and healthier eating in schls.
本句为主从复合句。主句主干为Tday's the psitive influence...。其中，accrding t ne gvernment fficial为插入语， the sugar tax is having为省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词 influence；介宾短语by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities and healthier eating in schls在句子中作方式状语。
[尝试翻译]据一位政府官员说，今天的数字显示了含糖税的积极影响，它为体育设施和学校的健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑。
2．(2021·全国甲卷)Walking up a path thrugh the frest twards Shutlingsle，a lcal high pint，I came acrss a small clearing and immediately nticed the dead yellw grasses set against the fresh snw.
本句是简单句。主语是I，谓语是came acrss和nticed。动词­ing形式短语Walking up a path thrugh the frest twards Shutlingsle在句中作状语，a lcal high pint是地点名词Shutlingsle的同位语。
[尝试翻译]沿着一条穿过森林的小径，朝着当地的一个高点舒特林斯洛走去，我发现了一块小空地，立刻注意到枯黄的草映衬着新鲜的积雪。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
It's really hard fr us 1.t single (single) ut the premier discvery f the 20th century，because s many 2.amazing (amaze) discveries were made in such a large number f scientific 3.areas(area)．Here are sme pineers f scientists.
Albert Einstein 4.discvered (discver)the “E＝mc2” when he was taking care f his little baby.Alexander Fleming made anther finding：a kind f blue muld，later 5.called (call) penicillin，culd be used t kill bacteria.Eckert and Mauchly invented 6.the wrld's first cmputer s as t imprve the 7.accuracy (accurate) f the US Navy's missiles.Tim Berners­Lee invented the Wrld Wide Web，8.which enabled cmputers all ver the wrld t cmmunicate 9.with each ther.
The breakthrughs f these pineers have changed the wrld 10.cmpletely (cmplete)．
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①斯蒂芬·霍金在21岁时被诊断为肌肉萎缩性侧索硬化症。
Stephen Hawking was diagnsed with ALS at the age f 21．
②他的病情恶化了；他丧失了说话能力，他的手也动不了了。
His illness gt/became wrse；he lst his speech and the use f his hands.
③在过去几十年里，他的身体机能在衰退；他从未停止过研究，对黑洞有了许多新的想法。
His physical abilities declined ver decades；he never ceased his studies and he develped a number f new ideas abut black hles.
④霍金认为我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。科学家们应该把他们已经有的想法汇集起来。
He argued that we shuld lk fr a different way t discver the deepest secrets f the universe and scientists shuld put tgether the ideas that they already have.
⑤在奥运会开幕式上，他鼓励电视观众要保持好奇心。
At the pening f the Olympics，he made a speech t encurage TV audiences t be curius．
⑥尽管霍金患有疾病，但他并不认为自己是个不幸的人。
In spite f his disease，Hawking didn't cnsider himself an unlucky man.
⑦他说，这并没有阻碍他拥有家庭，也没有阻碍他在工作中取得成功。
He said it had nt prevented him frm having a family，and being successful in his wrk．
⑧他认为自己的成功源于家人的支持和许多人及机构的帮助。
He believed his success was because f the help he received frm his family and a lt f peple and rganisatins.
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Stephen Hawking was diagnsed with ALS at the age f 21.As his illness gt/became wrse，he lst his speech and the use f his hands.Althugh his physical abilities declined ver decades，he never ceased his studies and he develped a number f new ideas abut black hles.He argued that we shuld lk fr a different way t discver the deepest secrets f the universe and scientists shuld put tgether the ideas that they already have.At the pening f the Olympics，he made a speech t encurage TV audiences t be curius.In spite f his disease，Hawking didn't cnsider himself an unlucky man.He said it had nt prevented him frm having a family，and being successful in his wrk.He believed his success was because f the help he received frm his family and a lt f peple and rganizatins.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡衔接词完成以下语段。
在非洲旅行时，汉斯(Hans)看到一个人把食物扔进垃圾桶，在它旁边有一群孩子正在寻找可以吃的东西。他怒不可遏，完全被悲伤所征服。一个伟大的想法出现在他的脑海，即他可以为那些可怜的孩子捐赠食物。他一回到家，就发起了一场反对饥饿的运动。
When travelling in Africa，Hans saw a guy thrwing fd int the garbage can，beside which a mass f kids were lking fr smething t eat.He biled with anger and was ttally vercme by sadness.A grand idea emerged in his mind that he culd dnate fd fr thse pr children.The instant he returned hme，he launched a campaign against starvatin.
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1.(行为描写)(2020·新高考卷Ⅱ)Then he made a U­turn，circling back t take anther lk.
2.(心理描写)(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)If we admit it is a dr，they'll want t g utside cnstantly.It will drive us crazy.
3.(景物描写)(2022·常德市模拟)Dark rain cluds were gathering in the sky.
(2022·济南市模拟考试)Muddy fld water was puring int the car and rising quickly.Jane knew they had t get ut quickly befre the water rse t high in the car.Frcing the dr pen，Charlie jumped int the fld frm the back rw.
核心单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.dnate vi.&vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献
2.launch vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事
3.humble adj.谦虚的，谦卑的
4.utcme n．结果，后果
5.entertainment n．娱乐节目
6.gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的
7.prductive adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的
8.mass n．大量，大宗adj.大量的
9.instant adj.立刻的，马上的
10.subsequently adv.后来，随后
11.availability n．可能性
12.perceive vt.察觉，注意到，发觉
13.clueless adj.一无所知的，一窍不通的
14.specifically adv.特定地，专门地
1.Cluds are masses(mass) f very small drps f water flating in the air.
2.A wealthy persn came t their rescue with a generus dnatin (dnate).
3.I wuld humbly (humble) suggest that there is smething wrng here.
4.All f these utcmes (utcme) are linked t a lack f physical exercise.
5.The prject was launched (launch) in an early stage in 1987.
6.Peple may laugh at his music，but we knw he is gifted(gift) in it.
7.The data can subsequently(subsequent) be laded n a cmputer fr prcessing.
8.He's cmpletely clueless(clue) abut cmputers.
9.This discvery was perceived(perceive) as a majr breakthrugh.
派生单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.science n．科学→scientist n．科学家→scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientifically adv.科学(上)地
2.efficient adj.生效的，效率高的→efficiently adv.有效率地，高效能地→efficiency n．效率；效能
3.prpse vt.提出(某观点、方法等)→prpsal n．提议
4.emerge vi.出现，浮现→emergence n．出现，浮现
5.evaluate vt.评估，评价→evaluatin n．评估，评价
6.explde vi.& vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长→explsin n．爆炸→explsive adj.(易)爆炸的
7.regulate vt.控制，管理→regulatin n．规则；控制，管理
8.innvate vi.改革，创新→innvatin n．新发明，新方法，新观念；革新，创新→innvative adj.创新的
9.bil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n．沸腾→biling adj.炎热的；炽热的→biled adj.煮沸的，喝醉的
1.The scientist devtes himself t the scientific research，s he has little time t spend with his family.(science)
2.They seem able t wrk tgether very efficiently，s the prject can be cmpleted ahead f time due t their high efficiency．(efficient)
3.He prpsed changing the name f the cmpany at the cnference，but his prpsal was turned dwn at last.(prpse)
4.The chemical plant explded suddenly last night，and twenty peple were injured in the explsin．(explde)
5.She finally emerged frm her rm at nn，and her emergence made everyne at present feel relieved.(emerge)
6.Thugh perfrmance evaluatin is very imprtant，it's hard t evaluate the success f the schl because it has nly been pen fr six mnths.(evaluate)
7.Under these new regulatins，the spending n ffice equipment will be strictly regulated．(regulate)
高频短语
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.adapt t 适应
2.in spite f
虽然；不顾
3.range
从……到……变化
4.be dedicated t
致力于，献身于
5.figure ut
弄清楚，弄明白，计算出
6.bury neself in
埋头于，专心致志于
7.cme up
被提出；走近；长出
地面；升起
8.reflect n
思考，反思
9.every nce in a while
偶尔，时常
peratin
使运转；使生效
11.a srt f
近似于，有点像
12.be reduced t...
减少到……；沦落
为……；陷入某种状态
13.be diagnsed with
被诊断为
14.single ut
挑选
15.turn t sb.fr help
向某人求助
16.in a jint effrt
在共同努力下
1.We must carry n till success in spite f varius challenges and difficulties.
2.Yu shuld set aside sme time t reflect n yur successes and failures.
3.There are 120 students whse ages range frm 10 t 18.
4.Once yu bury yurself in Tang pems，yu'll be charmed by the wnderful Chinese language.
5.It tk them abut ne mnth t figure ut hw t start the equipment.
6.It tk Helen mre than half a year t adapt t the life in that African cuntry.
7.I had a srt f feeling that he wuldn't cme.
8.Wh wuld yu single ut as the mst prmising student f the year？
9.In times f crisis I knw which friends I can turn t.
10.All the buildings in the twn have been reduced t ruins.
原句结构辨识
写作佳句背诵
1.“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
He duble­checked and saw a blue muld in the dish arund which the bacteria had been destryed.
公共汽车车来了，我等了将近一个小时。
There cmes the bus，fr which I have been waiting arund an hur.
2.if虚拟条件句
If yu had t chse the single mst imprtant discvery f the 20th century，yu wuld have a real prblem n yur hands.
要是我有你的那种能力，我就接受那个职位。
If I had yur ability，I wuld accept the psitin.
动作描写
环境描写
launch vt.开始从事；发起
vercme vt.克服；战胜；受到……的极大影响
bil v．(使)沸腾；用开水煮；怒火中烧
dnate vi.& vt.捐赠，捐献
garbage n．垃圾
mass n．一团；大堆