专题10 现在分词七大典型用法（清单） -备战2024年高考英语一轮复习高效复习（全国通用）

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考点清单一、现在分词作状语用法归纳 P2
考点清单二、现在分词作定语用法归纳 P3
考点清单三、现在分词作宾语补足语用法归纳 P3
考点清单四、现在分词作表语用法归纳 P4
考点清单五、状语从句省略用法归纳 P4
考点清单六、现在分词短语作插入语用法归纳 P5
考点清单七、现在分词复杂形式用法归纳 P5
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P5
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题） P6
分类训练（三）单句改错（高考真题） P7
分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达） P8
分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创） P9
（一）上海2025年前新增四块绿地公园 P9
（二）中国显著降低碳排放强度 P10
现在分词考点用法思维导图
考点清单一、现在分词作状语用法归纳
例1： Seeing thse pictures, she remembered her childhd. （作时间状语，相当于When she saw thse pictures）
例2：Being ill, he didn’t g t schl. （作原因状语，相当于As he was ill）
例3：He sat n the sfa, watching TV. （作伴随状语，相当于He sat n the sfa and watched TV.）
例4：Her mther died in 1990, leaving her with her yunger brther. （作结果状语，相当于and left…）
例5：Having answered the letter, she went n t read an English nvel. （作时间状语，先回信后阅读）
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The plate drpped frm her hands, _______________(break) int pieces.
2. The plate drpped frm her hands, and _______________(break) int pieces.
3. (find) the curse very difficult, she decided t mve t a lwer level.
4. He was busy writing a stry, nly (stp) nce in a while t smke a cigarette.
5. I hurried t schl, nly _______________(find) t find it was Sunday.
6. Nt _______________(knw) her address, I had better telephne her t cme ver.
7. _______________(tell) many times, he still didn’t learn these rules by heart.
8. _______________(finish) his hmewrk，he went t bed.
9. _______________(shw) arund the factry, they were taken t visit the museum.
10. (ask) t wrk vertime that evening, I missed a wnderful film.
【答案与解析】
1. breaking。break与句子主语之间主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故答案是breaking。
2. brke。And意味着这是一个并列句，句子缺少谓语动词，结合并列谓语drpped知道应用一般过去时。故答案是brke。
3. Finding。find与句子主语之间主动关系，应用现在分词。故答案是Finding。
4. stpping。stp与句子主语之间主动关系，应用现在分词。注意不要受nly t d影响，该结构表示出乎预料的结果。故答案是stpping。
5. t find。本题nly t d是动词不定式短语作结果状语。故答案是t find。
6. knwing。本题考查现在分词否定形式，且knw与句子主语构成主动关系。故答案是knwing。
7. Having been tld。tell与句子主语之间构成被动关系，且发生在谓语动作之前，应用having been dne。故答案是Having been tld。
8. Having finished。finish与句子主语之间构成主动关系，且发生在谓语动作之前，应用Having finished。
9. Having been shwn。shw与句子主语之间构成被动关系，且发生在谓语动作之前，应用having been dne。故答案是Having been shwn。
10. Having been asked。结合语境“要求加班”是被动的，且已经发生的，故用having been dne。故答案是Having been asked。
考点清单二、现在分词作定语用法归纳
例1：The sleeping child is nly five years ld. （现在分词作前置定语）
例2：D yu knw the man standing at the gate? （现在分词短语作后置定语）
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. ---Wh were thse peple with the flags? ---A grup (call) the League f Peace.
12. ---Wh were thse peple with the flags? ---A grup (call) itself the League f Peace.
13. The museum (build) nw will be pen t the public in six mnths.
14. The ld man tld the stry in a vice and the little girl felt very (frighten).
15. The traffic rule says yung children under the age f fur and (weigh) less than 40 punds must be in a child safety seat.
【答案与解析】
11. called。本题答语是个省略句，可以还原为Thse peple with the flags were a grup (call) the League f Peace. 由此可以看出空白处是非谓语作定语，且是被动含义。故答案是called。
12. called。本题itself是关键，若没有itself，答案是called。故答案是calling。
13. being built。“建造”这一动作正在进行，又是被动行为，应用being dne作定语。故答案是being built。
14. frightening; frightened。现在分词演化成形容词，表示“令人……”，过去分词演化成形容词，多表示“感到……”。故答案是frightening; frightened。
15. weighing。weigh, measure表示物体重量、高度等概念时，不能用被动形式。故答案是weighing。
考点清单三、现在分词作宾语补足语用法归纳
例1：I wn't have yu speaking t yur dad like that.
例2：It's wrng t leave the machine running.
例3：I heard an English sng being sung by the little girl when I passed by her rm yesterday.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
16. She returned hme, nly t find a number f things ___________________________ (steal/miss/g/lse)
17. I lked up and nticed a snake (wind) its way up the tree t catch its breakfast.
18. The missing by was last seen (play) near the East Lake.
19. When will yu g t the hspital and have yur tth (examine)?
20. Listening t music at hme is ne thing, ging t hear it _____________(perfrm) live is quite anther.
【答案与解析】
16. stlen/missing/lst。be stlen/missing/lst是习惯用法。故答案是stlen/missing/lst。
17. winding。wind ne’s way表示“蜿蜒行进”，结合语境这是ntice sb ding sth句型。故答案是winding。
18. playing。last是关键：失踪的孩子最后一次有人见他在东湖边玩耍。故答案是playing。
19. examined。have sth dne表示“使某事被做”，强调宾语与宾补之间的被动关系。故答案是examined。
20. being perfrmed。结合语境“听到音乐现场被演奏”强调正在进行。故答案是being perfrmed。
要点精讲：用于“with+名词+现在分词”，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+现在分词” 构成独立主格结构。
例1：I std befre her with my heart beating fast.
例2：Time permitting, we are ging t visit yu tmrrw.
21. With the by __________ (lead) the way, the sldiers managed t walk thrugh the frest.
22. The cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg (fllw) them.
23. It___________(be) Sunday, we went camping and had a nice time.
24. The party will be held in the garden, weather (permit).
【答案与解析】
21. leading。with sb ding强调宾语和宾部之间的主动关系，故答案是leading。
22. fllwing。with sb ding强调宾语和宾部之间的主动关系，故答案是fllwing。
23. being。It being Sunday构成独立主格结构，相当于As it was Sunday。故答案是being。
24. permitting。weather permitting构成独立主格结构，相当于If weather permits。故答案是permitting。
考点清单四、现在分词作表语用法归纳
要点精讲：1. 现在分词作表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语的身份、性质或情况，常翻译为“令人……”。
2.过去分词作表语，表示“感到……”，主语多为人。
例1：The news that ur team had wn was very inspiring.
例2：Yur idea sunds very interesting.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
25. The stry was s (mve) that all f us were (mve) t tears.
【答案与解析】
25. mving; mved。该句意为：这个故事如此感人以至于我都感动落泪了。故答案是mving; mved。
考点清单五、状语从句省略用法归纳
要点精讲：1. 如果状语从句主语是it is 或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。2. 连接词+现在分词，表示与主语之间主动关系；连接词+现在分词表示与主语之间被动关系。
例1：D be careful when crssing the street.
例2：When asking fr his views abut his teaching jb, Philip said he fund it very interesting and rewarding.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
26. Thugh ____________ (surprise) t see us, the prfessr gave us a warm welcme.
27. Thugh (lack) mney, his parents managed t send him t university.
28. I culdn’t find my key t the car when (leave) hme.
29. While (wait) fr a bus, I came acrss my frmer English teacher.
30. Granny fell asleep when _____________(watch) TV.
【答案与解析】
26. surprised。原句可还原为Thugh he was surprised。故答案是surprised。
27. lacking。lack与句子主语之间构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故答案是lacking。
28. leaving。leave与句子主语之间构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故答案是leaving。
29. waiting。wait与句子主语之间构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故答案是waiting。
30. watching。watch与句子主语之间构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故答案是watching。
考点清单六、现在分词短语作插入语用法归纳
例1：Generally speaking, naughty bys like t speak in class. 一般来说，淘气的男孩喜欢在课堂上说话。
例2：Judging frm his lk, he is very sick. 从他的样子判断，他病得很重。
例3：Cnsidering his age, he did very well. 从年龄考虑,他干得挺不错。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
31. _________(talk) f travel, have yu ever been t Beijing?
32. (judge) frm what he said, he must be the thief wh has stlen the car.
【答案与解析】
31. Talking。Talking f表示“谈到，说到”，可以视作插入语，其逻辑主语可以与句子主语不一致。故答案是Talking。
32. Judging。Judging frm…表示“根据……判断”，可以视作插入语，其逻辑主语可以与句子主语不一致。故答案是Judging。
考点清单七、现在分词复杂形式用法归纳
现在分词的被动式、完成式和否定式（以动词find为例）
例1：Nt having received her reply, I decided t write t her again.
例2：Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hng Kng, Linda appears mre mature than thse f her age.
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
33. (knw) which university t attend, the girl asked her teacher fr advice.
34._________________ (wrk) fr tw days, Steve managed t finish his reprt n schedule.
35. As the light turned green, I std fr a mment, nt ________(mve), and asked myself what I was ging t d.
【答案与解析】
33. Nt knwing。结合语境应用现在分词否定形式。故答案是Nt knwing。
34. Having wrked。wrk与句子主语之间构成主动关系，且“工作两天”发生在“按时完成报告”之前，应用完成式。故答案是has given。
35. mving。结合语境nt mving短语作伴随状语，故答案是mving。
分类训练（一）高考真题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.（2023新高考I卷）N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left 45 (want) mre next time.
2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
3.（2023全国乙卷） 66 (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while cnstantly grwing.
4. (2022全国乙卷) T strengthen the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, ____________(invite) twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
5. (2022全国甲卷) He flew 4, 700 kilmeters frm Xi’an t Kashgar n seat 20, ____________ (plan) t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
6. (2022新高考I卷) ____________ (cver)an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
7. (2022新高考II卷)When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (阳台), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the ____________ (fall) child.
8. (2021新高考I卷)Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure that ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur (ache) legs.
9. (2021天津卷)China's Natinal Highway 318, ________(extend) ver 5,000 kilmeters frm Shanghai t Zhangmu, Tibet, is knwn as the "heavenly rad“ fr its amazing views.
10. (2020全国III卷)And when he saw the mists rising frm the river and the sft cluds __________ (surrund) the muntain tps, he was reduced t tears.
【答案与解析】
1. wanting。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
2. brrwing。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与brrw之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填brrwing。
3. Having visited。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“ver the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。
4. inviting。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
5. planning根据句子结构可知，此处为动词-ing形式作伴随状语，主语 He 和 plan 是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此该空应填planning。
6. Cvering。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cver和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Cvering。
7. falling。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hld ut为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
7,348 majr natural disasters arund the wrld与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。
8. aching。修饰legs用现在分词aching，表示主动和进行的动作。故填aching。
9. extending。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is knwn as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's Natinal Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。
10. surrunding。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the sft cluds___________ (surrund) the muntain tps是独立主格结构做状语，surrund在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语cluds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrunding。
分类训练（二）模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. Later, they learned t wrk with the seasns, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, ___________ (make) use f annual flds t irrigate (灌溉) their fields.
12. Nervusly _________ (face) challenges, I knw I will whisper t myself the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.
13. ______________(cnsider) that they are just beginners, they are ding quite a gd jb.
14. (base)an imprtant decisin mre n emtin than n reasn, yu will regret it sner r later.
15. On the last day f ur week-lng stay, we were invited t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars, ___________(listen)t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.
16. With n central gvernment, the island was ruled by kings, each ______________(cntrl) a different regin f the cuntry.
17. Arund 13,500 new jbs were created during the perid, ________(exceed) the expected number f 12,000 held by market analysts.
18. The meeting yesterday / nw / (hld) tmrrw is significant.
19. China is a ______________(develp) cuntry ______________(belng) t the Third Wrld.
20. The manager, (make) it clear that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting rm.
【答案】
11. making 12. facing 13. Cnsidering 14. Basing 15. Listening 16. cntrlling 17. exceedding 18. held; being held; t be held 19. develping; belnging 20. having made
分类训练（三）单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
21. (2019·全国II卷) All the ftball players n the playgrund cheered ludly, say that I had a talent fr ftball.
22. (2018·全国III卷) Everyne was silent, wait t see wh wuld be called upn t read his r her paragraph alud.
23. There is a great deal f evidence indicated that music activities engage different parts f the brain.
24. Lk ver there – there’s a very lng, winding path led up t the huse.
25. We are trying t slve the prblems arisen frm the lack f cmmunicatin.
26. Seeing frm this pint, we find n easy slutin t the prblem.
27. She read the letter, tears rll dwn her cheeks.
28. He gt up late and hurried t his ffice, left the breakfast untuched.
29. Nw the search is n fr the remained five: a dg, a rster, a dragn, a sheep and a snake.
30. There was nthing t talk abut, everyne in the rm remained silent.
【答案】
21.say改为saying 22. wait改为waiting 23. indicated改为indicating 24. led改为leading 25. arisen改为arising 26. Seeing改为Seen 27. rll改为rlling 28. left改为leaving 29. remained改为remaining 30. was改为being
分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面表达运用）
书面表达句式升级：请运用现在分词翻译下列各句。
31. (2023全国乙卷)另外，当我完成一件作品，我会为自己感到自豪。(cmpleting)
32.(2023全国甲卷)在日本学医期间，他对中国人的歧视感到伤心，因此作出一个大胆的决定去放弃医学寻求写作。(studying, making)
33. (2021新高考I卷) 听说英语口语课上我们将要被随机组合，我特写信表达我的意见。(hearing)
34. (2022全国乙卷) 然而，那些选择阅读英语书访问英语网站的人只分别占18%和12%。(chsing)
35. (2022全国乙卷) 根据一项调查，大部分正被调查的学生，确切地说是65%，选择听听英语歌曲。(being interviewed)
36. (2022全国甲卷) 首先，千方百计去应对全球变暖，这已经成为海洋动物的巨大威胁。第二，冲浪或划船时，不要把垃圾丢进海洋。(surfing)
37. (2022全国甲卷) 世界海洋日，排在6月8日，目的是提高海洋保护意识。(falling)
38. (2022新高考I卷) Talk and Talk栏目创立十年了。这是一个很棒的栏目，你可以和学生分享你的看法。(amazing)
39. (2021全国乙卷) 然而，随着越来越多的学生成为在线学习者，如何智慧学习利用好在线学习已经引起广泛关注。(increasing)
40. (2020全国I卷) 我的数学老师已经为我们学生树立了榜样，他完全值得我尊敬。(having set)
【答案】
31. Besides, I felt prud f myself when cmpleting a beautiful painting.
32.While studying medicine in Japan, he was saddened by the discriminatin against Chinese peple, thus making a bld decisin t quit medical schl and pursue writing.
33.Hearing that we will be paired at randm in ur ral English class, I’m writing t vice my pinin abut it.
34. Hwever, thse chsing t read English bks and visit English learning websites nly accunt fr 18% and 12%.
35. Accrding t a survey, mst students being interviewed, specifically 65%, chse t listen t English sngs.
36. First, try every means t fight against glbal warming, which has becme a great threat t sea creatures. Secnd, when surfing r bating, never drp litter int the sea.
37. Wrld Ocean Day, falling n June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness f cean cnservatin.
38. It is ten years since Talk and Talk was established. This is an amazing prgram where yu can share yur ideas with students.
39. Hwever, with an increasing number f students becming nline learners, hw t be a smart nline learner t make full use f nline study has arused wide attentin.
40. Having set a great example t us students, my maths teacher fully deserves my respect.
分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）
（一）上海2025年前新增四块绿地公园
Shanghai plans 4 new green parks by 2025
As part f the city's eclgical park belt, Shanghai will have fur new green spaces ttaling mre than 300 hectares by the end f 2025.
Accrding t the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitatin Bureau, 41 fur green lands are Senlan, Biyun and Sanlin in the Pudng New Area, and Tapu in Putu District. By the end f the year, a frest and a science prmtin area in Biyun green space will be pen t the public. The green space, 42 cvers 5.5 square kilmeters, 43 (include) rich water and frest spaces as well as areas fr residents t walk in. On 44 (cmplete), it will be the 45 (large) green space in Shanghai's dwntwn area.
Accrding t the designers, frests in the green space can adjust the humidity(湿度) and temperature f the land thrugh clever layut design. 46 ttal, nearly 100,000 plants f mre than 200 varieties 47 (intrduce) int the green space, 48 (frm) a multi-layer greenery system based n Shanghai's weather and sil cnditins.
The green space has attracted a large number f birds and ducks. Meanwhile, research n five new green spaces, including Beicai, Wusng, Dachang, Wusng River and Wuzhng Rad, is ging n 49 (smth), with ver 400 hectares f green areas 50 (expect) t be added t the city.
41. the 42. which 43. includes 44. cmpletin 45. largest 46. In 47. will be intrduced 48. frming 49. smthly 50. expected
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍上海计划在2025年底前新增四块绿地公园。进一步优化环境，改善居住环境。
41. the。本题考查定冠词的用法。结合语境这里应用定冠词特指即将新增的四块绿地公园名称。故填the。
42. which。本题考查非限制性定语从句用法。结合语境从句缺少主语，又是非限制性定语从句，故填which。
43. includes。本题考查动词时态用法。Which定语从句去掉，原句缺少主语，主语是单数含义。故填includes。
44. cmpletin。本题考查名词用法。On 后接名词或动名词表示“一……就”。本句n cmpletin表示“一旦建成”。故填cmpletin。
45. largest。本题考查形容词最高级用法。根据语境，碧云绿地公园一旦建成，将成为中心城区最大绿地。故填largest。
46. In。本题考查介词固定搭配用法。in ttal表示“总计，总共”。故填In。
47. will be intrduced。本题考查动词时态语态用法。这里表示规划或安排，应用一般将来时，同时又是被动意义。故填will be intrduced。
48. frming。本题考查现在分词用法。根据语境这里应用现在分词短语作结果状语。故填frming。
49. smthly。本题考查副词基本用法。修饰动词应用副词。故填smthly。
50. expected。本题考查非谓语动词用法。with sth dne是with复合宾语结构，强调宾语和宾补之间的被动关系。故填expected。
（二）中国显著降低碳排放强度
China significantly reduces carbn emissins intensity
Xinhua | Updated: 2023-07-13 10:06
China has established the wrld's 1 (large) carbn market fr greenhuse gas emissins, and has significantly reduced its carbn emissins intensity, Vice-Minister f Eclgy and Envirnment Gu Fang said at a Natinal Lw-Carbn Day activity n Wednesday.
China has made psitive prgress in addressing climate change thrugh a series f 2 (measure) such as energy cnservatin, carbn reductin, emissins reductin, and the 3 (establish) and imprvement f a carbn market.
China's new energy vehicle prductin and sales 4 (remain) first glbally fr eight years, its 5 (renew) energy has develped rapidly, and its wind pwer and phtvltaic installatins rank first arund the wrld. The Ministry f Eclgy and Envirnment will cntinue t implement a natinal strategy t respnd actively t climate change, prmte the cnstructin f a natinal carbn market 6 a steady and rderly manner, 7 participate actively in glbal gvernance t address climate change.
China aims 8 (peak) its carbn dixide emissins befre 2030 and achieve carbn neutrality befre 2060. Natinal Lw-Carbn Day 9 (bserve) first in 2012, 10 aims t encurage sciety t participate in green and lw-carbn initiatives.
【答案】
1 largest.2. measures 3. establishment 4. have remained 5. renewable 6. in 7. and 8. t peak 9. was bserved 10. which
要点精讲
1. 现在分词可以作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果状语，强调与句子主语之间主动关系；
2.现在分词一般式ding表示与谓语动词（几乎）同时发生；
3. 现在分词完成式having dne则表示该动作先于谓语动作发生（2023新高考I卷考查到）；
4. 现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。
5.关键词：主动性；一致性；同步性。
要点精讲
1.现在分词作定语表示一个正在进行的动作；being dne表示一个被动的，正在进行的动作，having dne不能作定语；
2. 单个分词修饰名词作前置定语；分词短语修饰名词作后置定语。
要点精讲
1.观感使役类动词后接现在分词表示“看见/听见……某人正在做某事”。
2.巧记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉
ntice, let, make, hear, listen t, see, bserve, watch, have, feel
要点精讲
英语中一些现在分词短语可以视作插入语，其逻辑主语可以与句子主语不一致。
generally/frankly speaking 一般来说 judging frm/by 根据……来判断
talking f 谈到…… cnsidering 考虑到……
内容
主动语态
被动语态
否定式
一般式
finding
being fund
nt finding
完成式
having fund
having been fund
nt having fund