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上海卷01-2024年高考英语第一次调研全真模拟考试卷
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这是一份上海卷01-2024年高考英语第一次调研全真模拟考试卷，文件包含上海卷含听力-高考英语第一次调研全真模拟考试卷解析版docx、上海卷含听力-高考英语第一次调研全真模拟考试卷全解答案docx、上海卷含听力-高考英语第一次调研全真模拟考试卷考试版docx、上海卷含听力-高考英语第一次调研全真模拟考试卷答题卡docx等4份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共61页， 欢迎下载使用。
全解答案
1.【答案】D
【原文】W: I am srry, Sir. But yu are allwed nly ne piece f luggage n the plane. Yu have t check in ne f yur suitcases at the baggage cunter.
M: Actually, ne f these belngs t the wman up ahead. I am just giving her a hand.
Q: What des the man mean?
2．【答案】D
【原文】M: Hi Mary, haven’t seen yu fr ages. Hw are yu ging with yur new jb?
W: Nt s well. I feel like a fish ut f water ding that jb.
Q: What des the wman imply?
3．【答案】B
【原文】M: I really think yu shuld run fr class president. Everybdy knws yu and likes yu.
W: I’ve thught abut it. But I’m taking six classes and wrking a part-time jb nw.
Q: What des the wman mean?
4．【答案】C
【原文】M: Oh n. The schl’s nline elective curse system just brke dwn.
W: Dn’t yu knw that Mr. Musk’s curse has just becme available nline?
Q: What des the wman imply?
5．【答案】D
【原文】M: I knw yu are keen n travelling. What d yu plan t d this summer vacatin?
W: Cnsidering the experience I had in Chicag last year, I prefer t stay at hme.
Q: What des the wman imply?
6．【答案】A
【原文】M: Excuse me, but I was wndering if yu culd help me find this bk?
W: N prblem. Let me have a lk. Oh, this bk is nt fr circulatin. Yu can nly read it here.
Q: Where des this cnversatin mst prbably take place?
7．【答案】D
【原文】W: Culd yu sign this frm fr schl, please, Dad?
M: Let’s see it. Oh, yu’re ging n a theater trip?
W: Yes, everybdy frm Shakespeare Club is ging. We raised the mney fr it by ding a charity bike ride.
Q: Why des the wman want the man t sign the frm?
8．【答案】D
【原文】M: Lily, dn’t frget t bring yur sunglasses and sun-blcking cream.
W: Ok. Make sure yu bring the twels and the lemn juice.
Q: Where are they prbably ging?
9．【答案】C
【原文】W: Mrs. Lng’s briefing seems t g n frever. I was barely able t stay awake.
M: Hw culd yu sleep thrugh that? It was very imprtant fr the missin we were ging t carry ut.
Q: What des the man mean?
10．【答案】B
【原文】W: I enjyed the flk sng and dance shw n TV last night. I thught they were very artistic.
M: I’m glad yu appreciate flk music. But a live perfrmance is much mre interesting.
Q: What des the man suggest the wman d?
Sectin B
【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B
【原文】
Victr Green, an American architect, revlutinized shpping in the 1950s by creating the type f shpping center that we nw call a shpping mall. Green’s aim was t prvide a pleasant, quiet and spacius shpping envirnment with large car parks, which usually meant building in suburbs. He als wanted peple t be able t shp in all kinds f weather. He insisted n using building designs that he knew peple wuld feel cmfrtable with, but please them in landscaped streets that were entirely enclsed and ften cvered with a curved glass rf. This was dne t imitate sme f the lder shpping areas f city centers. But while these hused nly small specialty shps, Green’s shpping malls were n a much grander scale. Access t the whle shpping mass was gained by using the main drs, which separated the shpping streets frm the parking areas utside. As there was n need t keep ut bad weather, shps n lnger needed windws and drs and peple culd wander freely frm shp t shp. In many cities shpping malls nw cntain much mre than just shps. Cinemas, restaurants and ther frms f entertainment are als grwing in ppularity.
11. What is the passage mainly abut?
12. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t Victr Green’s idea f shpping malls?
13. Why did shps in malls n lnger need windws and drs?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
【答案】14．A 15．B 16．C
【原文】
A selfie is “a phtgraph that ne has taken f neself.” Peple wh pst selfies and use editing sftware t make themselves lk better shw behavir cnnected t narcissism. Narcissists are peple wh think very highly f themselves, especially hw they lk.
Peple wh pst grup selfies shw a need fr ppularity and a need t belng t a grup.
There are n majr differences n hw ften men and wmen pst selfies and hw ften they use editing sftware. But men wh pst selfies shwed mre f a need t be seen as ppular than wmen wh psted selfies.
Psting selfies n scial media is nt all that different frm what peple have dne fr many years. On trips and special events, ur parents and grandparents used cameras instead f phnes t take phts. Befre scial media, peple wuld bring back phts t shw friends and family. Yu had n chice but t lk at them. On scial media, it is a different experience. Peple can decide nt t lk at phts f their friends and family -—even if they click “like” r even “lve” under the Facebk selfie.
Questins：
11. What is the main reasn fr a selfie?
12. Hw different are men psting selfies frm wmen psting selfies?
13. Which f the fllwing is true abut selfies n scial media?
【答案】17．D 18．B 19．A 20．B
【原文】W: Hell, Nah. Thanks fr sitting dwn fr an interview tday, as I knw, yu have a busy training schedule
M: That’s OK! I’ll take a cuple f days ff anyway because it’s my birthday tmrrw. I’m ging t be 18-an adult at last.
W: Only 18 and yu’ve accmplished s much already! Yu wn a brnze medal at the Eurpean Champinships last year, and 1 knw yu’ll be hping t win gld at the next Olympics
M: That’s my dream. I’ll never give up until I’ve dne all can t achieve it. That’s what keeps me ging thrugh the hurs f training. I keep telling myself it’ bell wrth it if I win gld. Failure isn’t an ptin.
W: Yu’re very tugh n yurself, Nah. That’s a lt f cmmitment and hard wrk. Yu’re still yung. Surely yu must spend time with friends
M: N, gymnastics is everything t me. I’ll have been training intensively fr six years by the next Olympics, and every minute f practice will help.
W: The Wrld Champinships are held in China next year. Hw are yu preparing fr this cmpetitin?
M:Well, I’m gd at the pmmel hrse and the parallel bars, s by the time the Champinships start, I will have cncentrated n them mst. I think the bars will be my best event
W: Will yu be hping fr a medal?
M: Yes, I will. Maybe silver r brnze.
W: Yu’re such a rle mdel fr yung peple tday. D yu have any advice fr ther yung hpefuls?
M: Yes, never lse sight f yur dream. If yu wrk hard, yu will be successful.
W: Thank yu, Nah. I wish yu all the best, and Happy Birthday fr tmrrw.
17. Wh is Nah?
18. Why will Nah have a few days ff?
19. Why des the wman say Nah is such a rle mdel fr yung peple tday?
20. What can be learned abut Nah frm the passage?
Grammar and Vcabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Sectin A
【答案】
21．happier 22．whse 23．themselves 24．integrating 25．If 26．was submitted 27．given 28．culd 29．within 30．why
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了三个好朋友Fatima，Julia，和Felipe积极参加编程竞赛，以获得精英中学的入学资格。
21．考查形容词。句意：因此，她再高兴不过了。句型：can’t be+形容词比较级，意为“再……也不过分”。故填happier。
22．考查定语从句。句意：4C挑战赛（也被称为克拉克县编程比赛）是今年的活动，目标参与者是有stem思维的八年级学生，比如Fatima和她的两个最好的朋友Julia Sheen 和 Felipe Alvarez。考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the event”，和“target”之间为所有关系，用whse。故填whse。
23．考查代词。句意：同学们忙着在社交媒体上晒自己暑假的照片，而这三个自称“Java时间团队”的好朋友花了无数个小时制作故事板、编码和调整程序。指代主语，用反身代词；主语为wh，指的是“the three best friends”，用themselves。故填themselves。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的应用程序《罗密欧与朱丽叶混音版》将这部著名的戏剧变成了一款多人冒险游戏，将莎士比亚的语言与歌曲的押韵结合在一起，重新讲述了这个故事。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“their app”之间为主动关系，用动词ving形式。故填integrating。
25．考查状语从句。句意：如果在任何时候他们失去了动力，他们就会受到Neil Green每周发来的短信的推动，他今年接管了竞争协调工作。这里为状语从句的连接词，根据句意可知，空处指的是“如果”，用if引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填If。
26．考查时态和语态。句意：当他们的应用程序被提交到竞赛的提交网站时，Fatima说：“获奖固然很好，但我们都知道最好的奖励是什么。” 这里为从句谓语动词，根据时间状语“n the day”可知，从句时态为一般过去时；主语为their app，单数，和动词submit之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was submitted。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：Fatima，Julia，和Felipe很兴奋地在其他八年级学生面前展示他们的数字技能，但他们最感兴趣的是给前三名的奖励：保证进入凯瑟琳约翰逊高中，这是该县的STEM精英中学。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，动词“give”和被修饰词“the reward”之间存在被动关系，用动词的过去分词。故填given。
28．考查情态动词。句意：Felipe，Fatima，和Julia从幼儿园开始就是朋友，他们几乎不能抑制自己的兴奋。根据句意可知，三个好朋友决定胜利在望，所以不能抑制自己的兴奋，用情态动词culd。故填culd。
29．考查介词。句意：他们一起去KJHS的梦想就在眼前！固定短语：within ne’s reach，意为“伸手可及”。故填within。
30．考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么Fatima不介意在这个寒冷的11月周六早上8点起床，去克拉克斯维尔大学度过一天的原因，那里是一年一度的比赛的举办地。这里为表语从句的连接词，根据句意可知，表语从句缺少原因状语，用why引导。故填why。
Sectin B
【答案】
31．K 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．E 36．F 37．H 38．B 39．I 40．J
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是青少年之所以发脾气，与其生理因素有一定的关系，他们仍在发展同理心技能。
31．考查副词。句意：十几岁的孩子经常会摔门，翻白眼，看起来麻木不仁，即使以前表现得很友好的孩子也是如此。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词behaved，结合句意可知，此处表示“友好地”应为kindly。故选K项。
32．考查名词。句意：发表在《发展心理学》上的一项为期六年的研究表明，生理因素是部分原因。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作主语，结合下文中的“in the primary male sex hrmne, during adlescence,”可知，此处应指“生理因素”为bilgy符合句意。故选C项。
33．考查副词。句意：荷兰乌得勒支大学(Utrecht University)的乔利恩·范德格拉夫(jlien van der Graaff)与人合著的这项研究表明，女孩的“认知同理心”，即站在他人角度思考的心理能力，在13岁时开始稳步上升。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词rise。，结合句意可知，此处表示“稳定地”为steadily。故选A项。
34．考查形容词。句意：青春期男孩在13岁到16岁之间，在一项相关技能——“情感同理心”，或识别并回应他人感受的能力上，实际上会出现暂时的衰退。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰decline，结合句意可知，此处表示“暂时的”应为temprary。故选D项。
35．考查形容词。句意：这可能是男性主要性激素在青春期急剧上升的结果，至少在一定程度上是如此，这激发了男性对统治和权力的渴望。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词rise，结合句意可知，此处表示“巨大的”应为dramatic。故选E项。
36．考查动词。句意：幸运的是，男孩们的敏感性在他们十几岁的时候恢复了。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词。结合句意可知，此处表示“恢复”应为recver，根据下句中的谓语动词remains可知，此处为一般现在时，且与主语表示主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填recvers。故选F项。
37．考查动词。句意：情感同理心根植于大脑的边缘区域，该区域负责调节情绪。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词与空前be动词构成句子谓语，结合句意可知提处表示“以……为根基”应为be grunded in，所以此处为grunded。故选H项。
38．考查动词。句意：儿童情感共情预测青少年认知共情水平。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，结合句意可知此处表示“预测”为predict，根句上句中的谓语动词are linked可知，此处使用一般现在时态，且与句子主语“Children’s affective empathy”之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以使用predicts。故选B项。
39．考查名词。句意：这些发现反映了研究人员对青少年认知发展的理解有了重大的扩展。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“扩展”应为expansin，且空前有不定冠词a，所以使用名词单数。故选I项。
40．考查动词。句意：他们曾经认为，这两种形式的同理心都是在童年时期完全形成的。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词与were构成句子谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示“形成”应为frm，且与句子主语“bth frms f empathy”为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故选G项。
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
【答案】
41．C 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．C 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．A 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要分析了一个人冒险的意愿与成功的关系。如果一个敢于冒险的人成功了，他可以领导其他人。如果他失败了，他可能会引导他人走向成功。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：参与者被要求在两种选择中做出选择：如果硬币正好落在头上，扔一枚硬币赢得10亿美元，或者甚至不扔硬币就获得1000万美元的支票。A. games游戏；B. faces脸；C. ptins选择；D. perspectives观点。根据下文“thrw a cin t win ne billin dllars if the cin happens t land n heads, r get a 10-millin-dllar cheque withut even thrwing the cin. (如果硬币正好落在头上，扔一枚硬币赢得10亿美元，或者甚至不扔硬币就获得1000万美元的支票。)”可知，参与者被要求在两种选择中做出选择故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的目的不是衡量参与者对金钱的狂热，而是评估他们的风险偏好。A. access访问；到达；B. evaluate评估；C. lse失去；D. satisfy满足。根据下文“It 3 that a clear majrity chse t take hme the 10 millin dllars. Only 31% f the subjects were 4 enugh t test the depths f the river.”可知，这个实验是为了评估参与者的风险偏好。故选B。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实证明，绝大多数人选择将这1000万美元带回家。A. ran ut用完；B. set ut出发；C. gave ut发出，释放；D. turned ut结果是。根据语境可知，这是这一实验的结果。故选D。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有31%的受试者有足够的勇气测试河流的深度。A. curageus有勇气的；B. risky有风险的；C. cnfident自信的；D. mature成熟的。根据下文“test the depths f the river”可知，这些受试者是有勇气的。故选A。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：加州大学戴维斯分校心理学教授基思·西蒙顿进行的另一项研究表明，大多数著名的科学人物都是冒险者。A. cntestants选手；B. cperatrs合作者；C. figures数字；人物；D. partners伙伴。根据下文“Albert Einstein, Charles Darwin and Isaac Newtn”可知，这些都是著名的科学人物。故选C。
46．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦、查尔斯·达尔文和艾萨克·牛顿都敢于追逐与当时主流思想相悖的思想。A. subject t从属于；B. cntrary t与……相反；C. agreeable t同意；D. relevant t与……相关。根据下文““If yu are nt willing t risk the unusual, yu will have t 14 the rdinary,” said the American authr Jim Rhn.”可知，这些人都敢于追逐与当时主流思想相悖的思想。下文unusual是提示。故选B。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：敢于冒险而不害怕失败是促使个人实现抱负的动力。A. prvides提供；B. puzzles使困惑；C. leans倚靠；D. drives驱使；促使。根据“The willingness t take risks withut fear f failure”可知，敢于冒险而不害怕失败是促使个人实现抱负的动力。故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的报价被拒绝了。A. scaled攀登；爬越；B. declined拒绝；C. cnsidered考虑；D. weighed权衡。根据下文“At the time, the yung CEO and his team were widely criticized and publicly laughed at.”可知，他拒绝了他们的报价。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的公司仍然拥有世界上使用最广泛的社交网站，在全球范围内连接了超过28亿用户。A. visualizing可视化；B. pursuing追求；C. cnnecting连接；D. annuncing宣布。根据上文“scial netwrking site”可知，他的公司在全球范围内连接了超过28亿用户。故选C。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：扎克伯格的故事给我们的教训是他的冒险倾向。A. tendency趋势；B. investment投资；C. currency货币；流通；D. prpsal提议。根据下文“He’s exactly the kind f persn wh’s willing t 11 interests fr mre rewarding future gains.”以及上文他拒绝别人的报价可知，他的冒险倾向促使他成功。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是那种愿意牺牲利益来换取未来更多回报的人。A. depsit存储；B. capture捕获；C. separate把……分开；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据上文“Their ffers were 8 ”可知，他愿意牺牲利益来换取未来更多回报。故选D。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，一旦一个人决定走出自己的舒适区，就会取得突破性的成就。A. eye-catching吸引人的；B. grundbreaking突破性的；C. risk-taking冒险的；D. trustwrthy值得信任的。根据上文扎克伯格的例子可知，一旦一个人决定走出自己的舒适区，就会取得突破性的成就。故选B。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们脱离舒适区的能力与他们的冒险能力密切相关。A. depart离开；B. benefit对……有益；C. emerge浮现；D. suffer遭受。根据上文这些著名人物的例子可知，人们脱离舒适区的能力与他们的冒险能力密切相关。故选A。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国作家吉姆·罗恩说：“如果你不愿意冒不寻常的风险，你就只能接受普通的。”A. send fr派人去请；B. apply fr申请；C. accunt fr导致；占……比例；D. settle fr勉强接受。根据上文“If yu are nt willing t risk the unusual”可知，此处指如果你不愿意冒不寻常的风险，你就只能接受普通。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他失败了，他可能会引导他人走向成功。A. warn警告；B. frce强迫；C. guide带领；D. retire退休。根据上文“If a risk-taker succeeds, he can lead thers.”可知，如果他失败了，他可能会引导他人走向成功。lead与guide是同义词复现。故选C。
Sectin B
【答案】56．D 57．B 58．C 59．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章描述了一场呼啦圈比赛并赞美了安迪良好的体育精神。
56．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Andy smiled as he and his field day team stepped up t their last activity. They were in first place, and Andy culd already feel the medal arund his neck.”（安迪微笑着，他和他的团队开始了最后一项活动。他们现在排名领先，安迪已经能感觉到挂在脖子上的奖牌了）可知，安迪的团队现在排名领先，他非常有信心能够成为冠军，仿佛金牌已经挂在脖子上了。故选D项。
57．词义猜测题。根据第八段第一句“Andy’s eyes widened. He’d never hula hped befre.”（安迪睁大了眼睛。他以前从来没有玩过呼啦圈）及第九段““Can we start?” asked Rachelle, the ther team’s captain. She must have dne this befre because she was excited abut the challenge.”（“我们可以开始了吗?”另一支球队的队长蕾切尔尔问。她以前一定做过这个，因为她对这个挑战很兴奋）可知，安迪之前没有玩过呼啦圈，而蕾切尔玩的非常好，所以正式比赛时，安迪会观察蕾切尔并模仿她的动作。故推测mimicked是“模仿”的意思。故选B项。
58．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Andy wre his secnd-place medal with pride as he cngratulated Rachelle, the true field day champin.”（安迪自豪地戴着第二名的奖牌，向真正的体育比赛日冠军蕾切尔表示祝贺）可知，虽然安迪没拿到冠军奖牌，但他还是非常自豪。故选C项。
59．推理判断题。根据第一段“Andy smiled as he and his field day team stepped up t their last activity. They were in first place, and Andy culd already feel the medal arund his neck.”（安迪微笑着，他和他的团队开始了最后一项活动。他们现在排名领先，安迪已经能感觉到挂在脖子上的奖牌了）及第十段最后一句“He stepped aside and cheered fr Becky and Cry wh were the nly nes left t battle Rachelle.”（他走到一边，为贝基和科里欢呼，他们是唯一剩下的与蕾切尔战斗的人）和最后一段最后一句“Andy wre his secnd-place medal with pride as he cngratulated Rachelle, the true field day champin”（安迪自豪地戴着第二名的奖牌，向真正的体育比赛日冠军蕾切尔表示祝贺）可以，安迪是一个非常自信的人，当自己落败之后，会为自己的队员们加油打气，在输掉比赛后，也能由衷地祝贺冠军队，安迪具有良好的体育精神。故选B项。
【答案】60．B 61．B 62．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几种可以帮助人们缓解焦虑的方法。
60．推理判断题。文章第一、二段讲到“Thinking f issues that seem unfixable can lead t an anxius paralysis, but there’s hpe. This is sme f the advice I give t thse in need f help. (想到看似无法解决的问题可能会导致焦虑的瘫痪，但还是有希望的。这是我给那些需要帮助的人的一些建议。)”可知写这篇文章的目的是帮助那些需要帮助的人缓解焦虑，故选B。
61．句意猜测题。文章本段主旨句“Fcus n the present. (关注当下)”以及下文“Wrrying abut the future is nt helpful.( 担心未来是没有帮助的。)”可推知下划线部分的意思是“关注当下”，故选B。
62．推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“When peple engage in lcal issues, they have a renewed sense f ptimism.(当人们参与当地问题时，他们会重新产生乐观情绪。)”可知符合作者的建议的是参与当地问题并做出贡献，故选D。
【答案】63．C 64．B 65．D 66．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。根据联合国的一份报告，世界正在浪费从Cvid-19大流行中“更好地重建”的机会，如果各国不能加强其气候承诺，世界将面临至少2.7摄氏度的灾难性气温上升。文章介绍全球减排的重要性和所采取的措施。
63．推理判断题。根据第一段“The wrld is wasting the pprtunity t ‘build back better’ frm the Cvid-19 pandemic, and faces disastrus temperature rises f at least 2.7°C if cuntries fail t strengthen their climate cmmitments, accrding t a reprt frm the UN.（根据联合国的一份报告，世界正在浪费从Cvid-19大流行中“更好地重建”的机会，如果各国不能加强其气候承诺，世界将面临至少2.7摄氏度的灾难性气温上升。）”可知，在第3段中，之所以这些发现被描述为“雷鸣般的警钟”，是因为全球气温上升至少2.7摄氏度将是一场灾难。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据第四段“Althugh mre than 100 cuntries have prmised t reach net zer emissins arund mid-century, this wuld nt be enugh t avid climate disasters, accrding t the UN emissins reprt, which examines the shrtfall between cuntries’ intentins and actins needed n the climate. Many f the net zer cmmitments were fund t be unclear, and unless accmpanied by strict cuts in emissins this decade wuld allw glbal heating f a ptentially disastrus extent.（联合国排放报告指出，尽管100多个国家承诺在本世纪中叶左右实现净零排放，但这仍不足以避免气候灾难。该报告审视了各国在气候问题上的意图与所需行动之间的差距。人们发现，许多净零承诺并不明确，除非在这十年严格削减排放，否则全球变暖将达到潜在的灾难性程度。）”可知，根据作者的观点，在未来十年只有采取减少排放的措施，全球变暖才可以避免。故选B。
65．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Cuntries are wasting a massive pprtunity t invest Cvid-19 finance and recvery resurces in sustainable, cst-saving, planet-saving ways. As wrld leaders prepare fr Cp26, this reprt is anther thundering wake-up call.（各国正在浪费以可持续、节约成本和保护地球的方式投入Cvid-19融资和恢复资源的巨大机会。在世界各国领导人为Cp26做准备之际，这份报告再次敲响了警钟。）”和第六段中“Climate change is n lnger a future prblem. It is a nw prblem. T stand a chance f limiting glbal warming t 1.5℃, we have 8 years t almst halve greenhuse gas emissins: 8 years t make the plans, put in place the plicies, carry them ut and deliver the cuts.（气候变化不再是未来的问题。这是一个现在的问题。为了有机会将全球变暖控制在1.5℃以内，我们有8年的时间将温室气体排放量减少近一半:8年的时间来制定计划、实施政策、执行并实现减排。）”，可知，在第5段作者说“Hw many d we need?”的目的是强调节能减排的必要性。故选D。
66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the run-up t Cp26, cuntries were suppsed t submit natinal plans t cut emissins - called natinally determined cntributins (NDCs) - fr the next decade, a requirement under the 2015 Paris climate agreement. But the UNEP reprt fund nly half f cuntries had submitted new NDCs, and sme gvernments had presented weak plans.（在Cp26的筹备阶段，各国应该提交未来十年的国家减排计划，即国家自主贡献(NDCs)，这是2015年巴黎气候协议的要求。但联合国环境规划署的报告发现，只有一半的国家提交了新的国家自主贡献，一些政府提出的计划也很薄弱。）”，可知，从最后一段可以推断出“许多国家的减排计划远不能令人满意。”故选C。
Sectin C
【答案】67．B 68．A 69．E 70．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要从不同的方面介绍公平贸易真的公平吗？
67．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的总结，根据空前的“Fairtrade addresses the injustices f cnventinal trade, which t ften leaves the prest, weakest prducers earning less than it csts them t grw their crps. It’s a bit like a natinal minimum wage fr glbal trade.(公平贸易解决了传统贸易的不公正问题，传统贸易往往使最贫穷、最弱小的生产者的收入低于他们种植作物的成本。这有点像全球贸易的国家最低工资。)”可知，此处讲述的是公平贸易解决了很多传统贸易中的问题，B选项“It is nt entirely perfect, but a step in the right directin.(它并非完全完美，但却是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。)”中的it指的是公平贸易，同时对此所取得的成就的认可，符合题意。故选B项。
68．根据空前的“Free-market ecnmists cmplain that Fairtrade benefits nly a small number f farmers, disadvantaging thse utside. This is plain wrng.(自由市场经济学家抱怨公平贸易只对一小部分农民有利，而对农民以外的人不利。这是完全错误的。)”可知，自由市场的经济学专家认为公平贸易只是对少数农民受益，这种观点被认为是错误的，根据空后的“Research in Blivia, fr example, fund that cffee prducers utside Fairtrade were able t negtiate higher prices: Fairtrade had becme a price setter.(例如，在玻利维亚的研究发现，不参与公平贸易的咖啡生产商能够谈判出更高的价格:公平贸易已经成为价格制定者。)”通过举例说明，公平贸易之外的生产商能够谈判更高的价格，以此来说明某些经济学家的说法是错误的，由此可推断，此处应为过渡句，A选项“In fact, the evidence suggests the ppsite is true.(事实上，有证据表明情况正好相反。)”的内容起到了承上启下的作用，其中的in fact承接了空前的“这种观点是错误的”，同时指出事实，并在下文进行举例证实。故选A项。
69．根据空前的“Other critics ask why we are wrking with retailers r big brands like Starbucks.(其他批评人士问，我们为什么要和星巴克这样的零售商或大品牌合作。)”可知，此处提出问题，此空处应对此问题解答，E选项“Our answer is that nly by mainstreaming Fairtrade will we be able t reach mre prducers.(我们的答案是，只有将公平贸易主流化，我们才能接触到更多的生产者。)”中的ur answer是解题的关键，同时与空后“S we are unaplgetic in ur cmmitment t scale up.(因此，我们对扩大规模的承诺毫无歉意。)”中的内容构成因果关系，承上启下，逻辑合理。故选E项。
70．根据空后的“We recgnise that many farmers in the UK face similar issues t farmers elsewhere, but Fairtrade was established specifically t supprt the mst disadvantaged prducers in the wrld—like the tea-grwers f Malawi, wh dn’t even have drinking water in their villages.(我们认识到，英国的许多农民与其他地方的农民面临着类似的问题，但公平贸易的建立是专门为了支持世界上最弱势的生产者——比如马拉维的茶农，他们的村庄甚至没有饮用水。)”可知，此处首次提到了英国的农民问题，由此推断，空前内容应涉及到英国农民问题，C选项“A favurite questin is why we dn’t wrk with UK farmers.(一个最受欢迎的问题是，为什么我们不与英国农民合作。)”与上一段中的“其他批判者的问题”相呼应，同时提到了英国的农民，内容吻合。故选C项。
IV.Summary Writing
【答案】Accrding t the basic principles f Mntessri schls, children are encuraged t finish tasks with little r n help f adults. It cultivates nt nly their independence but als cperatin ability. Besides, children can learn t stay fcused n their task with all their senses. Children can als develp their abilities in reading, writing, calculating and interactive skills.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蒙台梭利教学法对儿童的好处。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①One is the idea f teachers encuraging the children t cmplete the activities with as little adult invlvement as pssible.
②The methd encurages nt nly independence, but als cperatin.
③The learning materials are als designed fr being handled and explred with all the senses.
④Analyzing their prgress at age five, she fund that the children tended t have better literacy, numeracy, executive functin and scial skills, cmpared t thse wh had attended the ther schls.
2. 缜密构思
将每个要点进行分说，注意上下文连贯。
3. 遣词造句
Accrding t the basic principles f Mntessri schls, children are encuraged t finish tasks with little r n help f adults.
It cultivates nt nly their independence but als cperatin ability.
Besides, children can learn t stay fcused n their task with all their senses.
Children can als develp their abilities in reading, writing, calculating and interactive skills.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Accrding t the basic principles f Mntessri schls, children are encuraged t finish tasks with little r n help f adults.用一个被动语态对第一个要点进行表述
[高分句型2]Children can als develp their abilities in reading, writing, calculating and interactive skills.用动名词作宾语，对第四个要点进行表述
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72．【答案】After mre than a century f develpment, the flk music industry emerged a number f artists lved by the audience.
【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。“经过一个多世纪的发展”翻译为after mre than a century f develpment，“民乐界”为the flk music industry，作主语，“涌现”为emerge，此处应用过去式，“许多”为短语a number f，“艺术家”为artists，“深受观众喜欢的”作后置定语，修饰artists，“喜爱”为动词lve和artists是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，“观众”为the audience，故整句翻译为After mre than a century f develpment, the flk music industry emerged a number f artists lved by the audience.
73．【答案】Dumplings, as ne f Chinese cultural symbls, are characterized by their thin skin, tender filling, delicius taste and unique shape.
【详解】考查短语和时态。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“是中国的文化符号之一”可理解为“作为中国的文化符号之一”表达为as ne f Chinese cultural symbls，“特点是”用固定短语be characterized by；“皮薄”是thin skin，“馅嫩”是tender filling，“味道鲜美”是delicius taste，“形状独特”是unique shape，这四个名词短语并列作介词by的宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Dumplings, as ne f Chinese cultural symbls, are characterized by their thin skin, tender filling, delicius taste and unique shape.
74．【答案】April has arrived, and spring is full f jy / is very much in the air, which brings new hpe t life.
【详解】考查短语、时态和非限定性定语从句。“四月已至”，用现在完成时，所以翻译为April has arrived；“春意盎然”，陈述现在事实，用一般现在时，所以翻译为spring is full f jy / is very much in the air，分别用短语be full f“充满”和 in the air“在户外”。指代前面的一件事，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，所以“带来了新的希望”翻译为brings new hpe t life。故翻译为April has arrived, and spring is full f jy / is very much in the air, which brings new hpe t life.
75．【答案】What successful peple have in cmmn is that despite terrible setbacks, they still have a psitive attitude twards life and realize their dreams with a strng will./What successful peple have in cmmn is that despite the fact that they have suffered terrible setbacks, they still have a psitive attitude twards life and realize their dreams with a strng will.
【详解】考查时态，介词短语、主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、动词短语。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。“成功人士”表达为名词短语successful peple，“有一个共同点”表达为动词短语 cmmn，“成功人士都有一个共同点”表达为名词性从句what successful peple have in cmmn，句子缺少宾语，故用what引导从句；“尽管历经可怕的挫折，他们依然对生活抱以积极的态度，并凭着顽强的意志力实现自己的理想。”作表语从句。表语从句中，“尽管”表达为介词短语despite，后接宾语“历经可怕的挫折”，表达为名词短语 terrible setbacks，或同位语从句the fact that they have suffered terrible setbacks；“依然”表达为副词still，作状语；“对生活抱以积极的态度”表达为动词短语 have a psitive attitude twards life，作表语从句的谓语动词；“凭着顽强的意志力”表达为介词短语with a strng will，作状语；“实现自己的理想”表达为动词短语realize their dreams，作表语从句的谓语动词。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为；What successful peple have in cmmn is that despite terrible setbacks, they still have a psitive attitude twards life and realize their dreams with a strng will.或What successful peple have in cmmn is that despite the fact that they have suffered terrible setbacks, they still have a psitive attitude twards life and realize their dreams with a strng will.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
【答案】Last year, we tk an active part in the vlunteer service activities held by ur schl, during which we have gained much happiness and experience t fulfill ur life. But with happiness, we still met many difficulties that are headaches fr us.
It is in an activity where we went t the nursing hme that we met the mst difficult thing. There was a lnely ld wman wh had lst her family, with herself living in the wrld. She needed mre cmpany than thers. She was eager fr ur arrival, even cntinuus cmpany. Seeing her eagerness fr lve, we all culdn’t hld ur emtins, but withut any slutins. Luckily, ne f ur classmates lived nearby, she asked her mther t frequently visit the ld wman, wh was a husewife at hme. By the regular cmpany f her mther and us, the ld wman became mre delighted than befre, and lived a richer life.
Frm the thing, we knew the real meaning f vlunteer service activities.
【导语】本篇书名表达为一篇应用文。要求学生写出在志愿者服务中所遇到的困难，以及如何解决困难。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
渴望：be eager fr→lng fr/yearn fr
丰富：fulfil→enrich
控制：hld→get…under cntrl
方法：slutin→methd/means
2.句式拓展：
合并简单句
原句：She needed mre cmpany than thers. She was eager fr ur arrival, even cntinuus cmpany.
拓展句：Because she needed mre cmpany than thers,she was eager fr ur arrival, even cntinuus cmpany.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
It is in an activity where we went t the nursing hme that we met the mst difficult thing.（运用了强调句和定语从句。）
【高分句型2】
Seeing her eagerness fr lve, we all culdn’t hld ur emtins, but withut any slutins.（运用了现在分词做状语。）
全解答案
1.【答案】D
【原文】W: I am srry, Sir. But yu are allwed nly ne piece f luggage n the plane. Yu have t check in ne f yur suitcases at the baggage cunter.
M: Actually, ne f these belngs t the wman up ahead. I am just giving her a hand.
Q: What des the man mean?
2．【答案】D
【原文】M: Hi Mary, haven’t seen yu fr ages. Hw are yu ging with yur new jb?
W: Nt s well. I feel like a fish ut f water ding that jb.
Q: What des the wman imply?
3．【答案】B
【原文】M: I really think yu shuld run fr class president. Everybdy knws yu and likes yu.
W: I’ve thught abut it. But I’m taking six classes and wrking a part-time jb nw.
Q: What des the wman mean?
4．【答案】C
【原文】M: Oh n. The schl’s nline elective curse system just brke dwn.
W: Dn’t yu knw that Mr. Musk’s curse has just becme available nline?
Q: What des the wman imply?
5．【答案】D
【原文】M: I knw yu are keen n travelling. What d yu plan t d this summer vacatin?
W: Cnsidering the experience I had in Chicag last year, I prefer t stay at hme.
Q: What des the wman imply?
6．【答案】A
【原文】M: Excuse me, but I was wndering if yu culd help me find this bk?
W: N prblem. Let me have a lk. Oh, this bk is nt fr circulatin. Yu can nly read it here.
Q: Where des this cnversatin mst prbably take place?
7．【答案】D
【原文】W: Culd yu sign this frm fr schl, please, Dad?
M: Let’s see it. Oh, yu’re ging n a theater trip?
W: Yes, everybdy frm Shakespeare Club is ging. We raised the mney fr it by ding a charity bike ride.
Q: Why des the wman want the man t sign the frm?
8．【答案】D
【原文】M: Lily, dn’t frget t bring yur sunglasses and sun-blcking cream.
W: Ok. Make sure yu bring the twels and the lemn juice.
Q: Where are they prbably ging?
9．【答案】C
【原文】W: Mrs. Lng’s briefing seems t g n frever. I was barely able t stay awake.
M: Hw culd yu sleep thrugh that? It was very imprtant fr the missin we were ging t carry ut.
Q: What des the man mean?
10．【答案】B
【原文】W: I enjyed the flk sng and dance shw n TV last night. I thught they were very artistic.
M: I’m glad yu appreciate flk music. But a live perfrmance is much mre interesting.
Q: What des the man suggest the wman d?
Sectin B
【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B
【原文】
Victr Green, an American architect, revlutinized shpping in the 1950s by creating the type f shpping center that we nw call a shpping mall. Green’s aim was t prvide a pleasant, quiet and spacius shpping envirnment with large car parks, which usually meant building in suburbs. He als wanted peple t be able t shp in all kinds f weather. He insisted n using building designs that he knew peple wuld feel cmfrtable with, but please them in landscaped streets that were entirely enclsed and ften cvered with a curved glass rf. This was dne t imitate sme f the lder shpping areas f city centers. But while these hused nly small specialty shps, Green’s shpping malls were n a much grander scale. Access t the whle shpping mass was gained by using the main drs, which separated the shpping streets frm the parking areas utside. As there was n need t keep ut bad weather, shps n lnger needed windws and drs and peple culd wander freely frm shp t shp. In many cities shpping malls nw cntain much mre than just shps. Cinemas, restaurants and ther frms f entertainment are als grwing in ppularity.
11. What is the passage mainly abut?
12. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t Victr Green’s idea f shpping malls?
13. Why did shps in malls n lnger need windws and drs?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
【答案】14．A 15．B 16．C
【原文】
A selfie is “a phtgraph that ne has taken f neself.” Peple wh pst selfies and use editing sftware t make themselves lk better shw behavir cnnected t narcissism. Narcissists are peple wh think very highly f themselves, especially hw they lk.
Peple wh pst grup selfies shw a need fr ppularity and a need t belng t a grup.
There are n majr differences n hw ften men and wmen pst selfies and hw ften they use editing sftware. But men wh pst selfies shwed mre f a need t be seen as ppular than wmen wh psted selfies.
Psting selfies n scial media is nt all that different frm what peple have dne fr many years. On trips and special events, ur parents and grandparents used cameras instead f phnes t take phts. Befre scial media, peple wuld bring back phts t shw friends and family. Yu had n chice but t lk at them. On scial media, it is a different experience. Peple can decide nt t lk at phts f their friends and family -—even if they click “like” r even “lve” under the Facebk selfie.
Questins：
11. What is the main reasn fr a selfie?
12. Hw different are men psting selfies frm wmen psting selfies?
13. Which f the fllwing is true abut selfies n scial media?
【答案】17．D 18．B 19．A 20．B
【原文】W: Hell, Nah. Thanks fr sitting dwn fr an interview tday, as I knw, yu have a busy training schedule
M: That’s OK! I’ll take a cuple f days ff anyway because it’s my birthday tmrrw. I’m ging t be 18-an adult at last.
W: Only 18 and yu’ve accmplished s much already! Yu wn a brnze medal at the Eurpean Champinships last year, and 1 knw yu’ll be hping t win gld at the next Olympics
M: That’s my dream. I’ll never give up until I’ve dne all can t achieve it. That’s what keeps me ging thrugh the hurs f training. I keep telling myself it’ bell wrth it if I win gld. Failure isn’t an ptin.
W: Yu’re very tugh n yurself, Nah. That’s a lt f cmmitment and hard wrk. Yu’re still yung. Surely yu must spend time with friends
M: N, gymnastics is everything t me. I’ll have been training intensively fr six years by the next Olympics, and every minute f practice will help.
W: The Wrld Champinships are held in China next year. Hw are yu preparing fr this cmpetitin?
M:Well, I’m gd at the pmmel hrse and the parallel bars, s by the time the Champinships start, I will have cncentrated n them mst. I think the bars will be my best event
W: Will yu be hping fr a medal?
M: Yes, I will. Maybe silver r brnze.
W: Yu’re such a rle mdel fr yung peple tday. D yu have any advice fr ther yung hpefuls?
M: Yes, never lse sight f yur dream. If yu wrk hard, yu will be successful.
W: Thank yu, Nah. I wish yu all the best, and Happy Birthday fr tmrrw.
17. Wh is Nah?
18. Why will Nah have a few days ff?
19. Why des the wman say Nah is such a rle mdel fr yung peple tday?
20. What can be learned abut Nah frm the passage?
Grammar and Vcabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Sectin A
【答案】
21．happier 22．whse 23．themselves 24．integrating 25．If 26．was submitted 27．given 28．culd 29．within 30．why
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了三个好朋友Fatima，Julia，和Felipe积极参加编程竞赛，以获得精英中学的入学资格。
21．考查形容词。句意：因此，她再高兴不过了。句型：can’t be+形容词比较级，意为“再……也不过分”。故填happier。
22．考查定语从句。句意：4C挑战赛（也被称为克拉克县编程比赛）是今年的活动，目标参与者是有stem思维的八年级学生，比如Fatima和她的两个最好的朋友Julia Sheen 和 Felipe Alvarez。考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the event”，和“target”之间为所有关系，用whse。故填whse。
23．考查代词。句意：同学们忙着在社交媒体上晒自己暑假的照片，而这三个自称“Java时间团队”的好朋友花了无数个小时制作故事板、编码和调整程序。指代主语，用反身代词；主语为wh，指的是“the three best friends”，用themselves。故填themselves。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的应用程序《罗密欧与朱丽叶混音版》将这部著名的戏剧变成了一款多人冒险游戏，将莎士比亚的语言与歌曲的押韵结合在一起，重新讲述了这个故事。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“their app”之间为主动关系，用动词ving形式。故填integrating。
25．考查状语从句。句意：如果在任何时候他们失去了动力，他们就会受到Neil Green每周发来的短信的推动，他今年接管了竞争协调工作。这里为状语从句的连接词，根据句意可知，空处指的是“如果”，用if引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填If。
26．考查时态和语态。句意：当他们的应用程序被提交到竞赛的提交网站时，Fatima说：“获奖固然很好，但我们都知道最好的奖励是什么。” 这里为从句谓语动词，根据时间状语“n the day”可知，从句时态为一般过去时；主语为their app，单数，和动词submit之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was submitted。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：Fatima，Julia，和Felipe很兴奋地在其他八年级学生面前展示他们的数字技能，但他们最感兴趣的是给前三名的奖励：保证进入凯瑟琳约翰逊高中，这是该县的STEM精英中学。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，动词“give”和被修饰词“the reward”之间存在被动关系，用动词的过去分词。故填given。
28．考查情态动词。句意：Felipe，Fatima，和Julia从幼儿园开始就是朋友，他们几乎不能抑制自己的兴奋。根据句意可知，三个好朋友决定胜利在望，所以不能抑制自己的兴奋，用情态动词culd。故填culd。
29．考查介词。句意：他们一起去KJHS的梦想就在眼前！固定短语：within ne’s reach，意为“伸手可及”。故填within。
30．考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么Fatima不介意在这个寒冷的11月周六早上8点起床，去克拉克斯维尔大学度过一天的原因，那里是一年一度的比赛的举办地。这里为表语从句的连接词，根据句意可知，表语从句缺少原因状语，用why引导。故填why。
Sectin B
【答案】
31．K 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．E 36．F 37．H 38．B 39．I 40．J
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是青少年之所以发脾气，与其生理因素有一定的关系，他们仍在发展同理心技能。
31．考查副词。句意：十几岁的孩子经常会摔门，翻白眼，看起来麻木不仁，即使以前表现得很友好的孩子也是如此。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词behaved，结合句意可知，此处表示“友好地”应为kindly。故选K项。
32．考查名词。句意：发表在《发展心理学》上的一项为期六年的研究表明，生理因素是部分原因。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作主语，结合下文中的“in the primary male sex hrmne, during adlescence,”可知，此处应指“生理因素”为bilgy符合句意。故选C项。
33．考查副词。句意：荷兰乌得勒支大学(Utrecht University)的乔利恩·范德格拉夫(jlien van der Graaff)与人合著的这项研究表明，女孩的“认知同理心”，即站在他人角度思考的心理能力，在13岁时开始稳步上升。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词rise。，结合句意可知，此处表示“稳定地”为steadily。故选A项。
34．考查形容词。句意：青春期男孩在13岁到16岁之间，在一项相关技能——“情感同理心”，或识别并回应他人感受的能力上，实际上会出现暂时的衰退。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰decline，结合句意可知，此处表示“暂时的”应为temprary。故选D项。
35．考查形容词。句意：这可能是男性主要性激素在青春期急剧上升的结果，至少在一定程度上是如此，这激发了男性对统治和权力的渴望。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词rise，结合句意可知，此处表示“巨大的”应为dramatic。故选E项。
36．考查动词。句意：幸运的是，男孩们的敏感性在他们十几岁的时候恢复了。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词。结合句意可知，此处表示“恢复”应为recver，根据下句中的谓语动词remains可知，此处为一般现在时，且与主语表示主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填recvers。故选F项。
37．考查动词。句意：情感同理心根植于大脑的边缘区域，该区域负责调节情绪。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词与空前be动词构成句子谓语，结合句意可知提处表示“以……为根基”应为be grunded in，所以此处为grunded。故选H项。
38．考查动词。句意：儿童情感共情预测青少年认知共情水平。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，结合句意可知此处表示“预测”为predict，根句上句中的谓语动词are linked可知，此处使用一般现在时态，且与句子主语“Children’s affective empathy”之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，所以使用predicts。故选B项。
39．考查名词。句意：这些发现反映了研究人员对青少年认知发展的理解有了重大的扩展。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“扩展”应为expansin，且空前有不定冠词a，所以使用名词单数。故选I项。
40．考查动词。句意：他们曾经认为，这两种形式的同理心都是在童年时期完全形成的。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词与were构成句子谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示“形成”应为frm，且与句子主语“bth frms f empathy”为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故选G项。
Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
【答案】
41．C 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．C 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．A 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要分析了一个人冒险的意愿与成功的关系。如果一个敢于冒险的人成功了，他可以领导其他人。如果他失败了，他可能会引导他人走向成功。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：参与者被要求在两种选择中做出选择：如果硬币正好落在头上，扔一枚硬币赢得10亿美元，或者甚至不扔硬币就获得1000万美元的支票。A. games游戏；B. faces脸；C. ptins选择；D. perspectives观点。根据下文“thrw a cin t win ne billin dllars if the cin happens t land n heads, r get a 10-millin-dllar cheque withut even thrwing the cin. (如果硬币正好落在头上，扔一枚硬币赢得10亿美元，或者甚至不扔硬币就获得1000万美元的支票。)”可知，参与者被要求在两种选择中做出选择故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的目的不是衡量参与者对金钱的狂热，而是评估他们的风险偏好。A. access访问；到达；B. evaluate评估；C. lse失去；D. satisfy满足。根据下文“It 3 that a clear majrity chse t take hme the 10 millin dllars. Only 31% f the subjects were 4 enugh t test the depths f the river.”可知，这个实验是为了评估参与者的风险偏好。故选B。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实证明，绝大多数人选择将这1000万美元带回家。A. ran ut用完；B. set ut出发；C. gave ut发出，释放；D. turned ut结果是。根据语境可知，这是这一实验的结果。故选D。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有31%的受试者有足够的勇气测试河流的深度。A. curageus有勇气的；B. risky有风险的；C. cnfident自信的；D. mature成熟的。根据下文“test the depths f the river”可知，这些受试者是有勇气的。故选A。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：加州大学戴维斯分校心理学教授基思·西蒙顿进行的另一项研究表明，大多数著名的科学人物都是冒险者。A. cntestants选手；B. cperatrs合作者；C. figures数字；人物；D. partners伙伴。根据下文“Albert Einstein, Charles Darwin and Isaac Newtn”可知，这些都是著名的科学人物。故选C。
46．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦、查尔斯·达尔文和艾萨克·牛顿都敢于追逐与当时主流思想相悖的思想。A. subject t从属于；B. cntrary t与……相反；C. agreeable t同意；D. relevant t与……相关。根据下文““If yu are nt willing t risk the unusual, yu will have t 14 the rdinary,” said the American authr Jim Rhn.”可知，这些人都敢于追逐与当时主流思想相悖的思想。下文unusual是提示。故选B。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：敢于冒险而不害怕失败是促使个人实现抱负的动力。A. prvides提供；B. puzzles使困惑；C. leans倚靠；D. drives驱使；促使。根据“The willingness t take risks withut fear f failure”可知，敢于冒险而不害怕失败是促使个人实现抱负的动力。故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的报价被拒绝了。A. scaled攀登；爬越；B. declined拒绝；C. cnsidered考虑；D. weighed权衡。根据下文“At the time, the yung CEO and his team were widely criticized and publicly laughed at.”可知，他拒绝了他们的报价。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的公司仍然拥有世界上使用最广泛的社交网站，在全球范围内连接了超过28亿用户。A. visualizing可视化；B. pursuing追求；C. cnnecting连接；D. annuncing宣布。根据上文“scial netwrking site”可知，他的公司在全球范围内连接了超过28亿用户。故选C。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：扎克伯格的故事给我们的教训是他的冒险倾向。A. tendency趋势；B. investment投资；C. currency货币；流通；D. prpsal提议。根据下文“He’s exactly the kind f persn wh’s willing t 11 interests fr mre rewarding future gains.”以及上文他拒绝别人的报价可知，他的冒险倾向促使他成功。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是那种愿意牺牲利益来换取未来更多回报的人。A. depsit存储；B. capture捕获；C. separate把……分开；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据上文“Their ffers were 8 ”可知，他愿意牺牲利益来换取未来更多回报。故选D。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，一旦一个人决定走出自己的舒适区，就会取得突破性的成就。A. eye-catching吸引人的；B. grundbreaking突破性的；C. risk-taking冒险的；D. trustwrthy值得信任的。根据上文扎克伯格的例子可知，一旦一个人决定走出自己的舒适区，就会取得突破性的成就。故选B。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们脱离舒适区的能力与他们的冒险能力密切相关。A. depart离开；B. benefit对……有益；C. emerge浮现；D. suffer遭受。根据上文这些著名人物的例子可知，人们脱离舒适区的能力与他们的冒险能力密切相关。故选A。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国作家吉姆·罗恩说：“如果你不愿意冒不寻常的风险，你就只能接受普通的。”A. send fr派人去请；B. apply fr申请；C. accunt fr导致；占……比例；D. settle fr勉强接受。根据上文“If yu are nt willing t risk the unusual”可知，此处指如果你不愿意冒不寻常的风险，你就只能接受普通。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他失败了，他可能会引导他人走向成功。A. warn警告；B. frce强迫；C. guide带领；D. retire退休。根据上文“If a risk-taker succeeds, he can lead thers.”可知，如果他失败了，他可能会引导他人走向成功。lead与guide是同义词复现。故选C。
Sectin B
【答案】56．D 57．B 58．C 59．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章描述了一场呼啦圈比赛并赞美了安迪良好的体育精神。
56．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Andy smiled as he and his field day team stepped up t their last activity. They were in first place, and Andy culd already feel the medal arund his neck.”（安迪微笑着，他和他的团队开始了最后一项活动。他们现在排名领先，安迪已经能感觉到挂在脖子上的奖牌了）可知，安迪的团队现在排名领先，他非常有信心能够成为冠军，仿佛金牌已经挂在脖子上了。故选D项。
57．词义猜测题。根据第八段第一句“Andy’s eyes widened. He’d never hula hped befre.”（安迪睁大了眼睛。他以前从来没有玩过呼啦圈）及第九段““Can we start?” asked Rachelle, the ther team’s captain. She must have dne this befre because she was excited abut the challenge.”（“我们可以开始了吗?”另一支球队的队长蕾切尔尔问。她以前一定做过这个，因为她对这个挑战很兴奋）可知，安迪之前没有玩过呼啦圈，而蕾切尔玩的非常好，所以正式比赛时，安迪会观察蕾切尔并模仿她的动作。故推测mimicked是“模仿”的意思。故选B项。
58．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Andy wre his secnd-place medal with pride as he cngratulated Rachelle, the true field day champin.”（安迪自豪地戴着第二名的奖牌，向真正的体育比赛日冠军蕾切尔表示祝贺）可知，虽然安迪没拿到冠军奖牌，但他还是非常自豪。故选C项。
59．推理判断题。根据第一段“Andy smiled as he and his field day team stepped up t their last activity. They were in first place, and Andy culd already feel the medal arund his neck.”（安迪微笑着，他和他的团队开始了最后一项活动。他们现在排名领先，安迪已经能感觉到挂在脖子上的奖牌了）及第十段最后一句“He stepped aside and cheered fr Becky and Cry wh were the nly nes left t battle Rachelle.”（他走到一边，为贝基和科里欢呼，他们是唯一剩下的与蕾切尔战斗的人）和最后一段最后一句“Andy wre his secnd-place medal with pride as he cngratulated Rachelle, the true field day champin”（安迪自豪地戴着第二名的奖牌，向真正的体育比赛日冠军蕾切尔表示祝贺）可以，安迪是一个非常自信的人，当自己落败之后，会为自己的队员们加油打气，在输掉比赛后，也能由衷地祝贺冠军队，安迪具有良好的体育精神。故选B项。
【答案】60．B 61．B 62．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几种可以帮助人们缓解焦虑的方法。
60．推理判断题。文章第一、二段讲到“Thinking f issues that seem unfixable can lead t an anxius paralysis, but there’s hpe. This is sme f the advice I give t thse in need f help. (想到看似无法解决的问题可能会导致焦虑的瘫痪，但还是有希望的。这是我给那些需要帮助的人的一些建议。)”可知写这篇文章的目的是帮助那些需要帮助的人缓解焦虑，故选B。
61．句意猜测题。文章本段主旨句“Fcus n the present. (关注当下)”以及下文“Wrrying abut the future is nt helpful.( 担心未来是没有帮助的。)”可推知下划线部分的意思是“关注当下”，故选B。
62．推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“When peple engage in lcal issues, they have a renewed sense f ptimism.(当人们参与当地问题时，他们会重新产生乐观情绪。)”可知符合作者的建议的是参与当地问题并做出贡献，故选D。
【答案】63．C 64．B 65．D 66．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。根据联合国的一份报告，世界正在浪费从Cvid-19大流行中“更好地重建”的机会，如果各国不能加强其气候承诺，世界将面临至少2.7摄氏度的灾难性气温上升。文章介绍全球减排的重要性和所采取的措施。
63．推理判断题。根据第一段“The wrld is wasting the pprtunity t ‘build back better’ frm the Cvid-19 pandemic, and faces disastrus temperature rises f at least 2.7°C if cuntries fail t strengthen their climate cmmitments, accrding t a reprt frm the UN.（根据联合国的一份报告，世界正在浪费从Cvid-19大流行中“更好地重建”的机会，如果各国不能加强其气候承诺，世界将面临至少2.7摄氏度的灾难性气温上升。）”可知，在第3段中，之所以这些发现被描述为“雷鸣般的警钟”，是因为全球气温上升至少2.7摄氏度将是一场灾难。故选C。
64．细节理解题。根据第四段“Althugh mre than 100 cuntries have prmised t reach net zer emissins arund mid-century, this wuld nt be enugh t avid climate disasters, accrding t the UN emissins reprt, which examines the shrtfall between cuntries’ intentins and actins needed n the climate. Many f the net zer cmmitments were fund t be unclear, and unless accmpanied by strict cuts in emissins this decade wuld allw glbal heating f a ptentially disastrus extent.（联合国排放报告指出，尽管100多个国家承诺在本世纪中叶左右实现净零排放，但这仍不足以避免气候灾难。该报告审视了各国在气候问题上的意图与所需行动之间的差距。人们发现，许多净零承诺并不明确，除非在这十年严格削减排放，否则全球变暖将达到潜在的灾难性程度。）”可知，根据作者的观点，在未来十年只有采取减少排放的措施，全球变暖才可以避免。故选B。
65．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Cuntries are wasting a massive pprtunity t invest Cvid-19 finance and recvery resurces in sustainable, cst-saving, planet-saving ways. As wrld leaders prepare fr Cp26, this reprt is anther thundering wake-up call.（各国正在浪费以可持续、节约成本和保护地球的方式投入Cvid-19融资和恢复资源的巨大机会。在世界各国领导人为Cp26做准备之际，这份报告再次敲响了警钟。）”和第六段中“Climate change is n lnger a future prblem. It is a nw prblem. T stand a chance f limiting glbal warming t 1.5℃, we have 8 years t almst halve greenhuse gas emissins: 8 years t make the plans, put in place the plicies, carry them ut and deliver the cuts.（气候变化不再是未来的问题。这是一个现在的问题。为了有机会将全球变暖控制在1.5℃以内，我们有8年的时间将温室气体排放量减少近一半:8年的时间来制定计划、实施政策、执行并实现减排。）”，可知，在第5段作者说“Hw many d we need?”的目的是强调节能减排的必要性。故选D。
66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the run-up t Cp26, cuntries were suppsed t submit natinal plans t cut emissins - called natinally determined cntributins (NDCs) - fr the next decade, a requirement under the 2015 Paris climate agreement. But the UNEP reprt fund nly half f cuntries had submitted new NDCs, and sme gvernments had presented weak plans.（在Cp26的筹备阶段，各国应该提交未来十年的国家减排计划，即国家自主贡献(NDCs)，这是2015年巴黎气候协议的要求。但联合国环境规划署的报告发现，只有一半的国家提交了新的国家自主贡献，一些政府提出的计划也很薄弱。）”，可知，从最后一段可以推断出“许多国家的减排计划远不能令人满意。”故选C。
Sectin C
【答案】67．B 68．A 69．E 70．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要从不同的方面介绍公平贸易真的公平吗？
67．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的总结，根据空前的“Fairtrade addresses the injustices f cnventinal trade, which t ften leaves the prest, weakest prducers earning less than it csts them t grw their crps. It’s a bit like a natinal minimum wage fr glbal trade.(公平贸易解决了传统贸易的不公正问题，传统贸易往往使最贫穷、最弱小的生产者的收入低于他们种植作物的成本。这有点像全球贸易的国家最低工资。)”可知，此处讲述的是公平贸易解决了很多传统贸易中的问题，B选项“It is nt entirely perfect, but a step in the right directin.(它并非完全完美，但却是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。)”中的it指的是公平贸易，同时对此所取得的成就的认可，符合题意。故选B项。
68．根据空前的“Free-market ecnmists cmplain that Fairtrade benefits nly a small number f farmers, disadvantaging thse utside. This is plain wrng.(自由市场经济学家抱怨公平贸易只对一小部分农民有利，而对农民以外的人不利。这是完全错误的。)”可知，自由市场的经济学专家认为公平贸易只是对少数农民受益，这种观点被认为是错误的，根据空后的“Research in Blivia, fr example, fund that cffee prducers utside Fairtrade were able t negtiate higher prices: Fairtrade had becme a price setter.(例如，在玻利维亚的研究发现，不参与公平贸易的咖啡生产商能够谈判出更高的价格:公平贸易已经成为价格制定者。)”通过举例说明，公平贸易之外的生产商能够谈判更高的价格，以此来说明某些经济学家的说法是错误的，由此可推断，此处应为过渡句，A选项“In fact, the evidence suggests the ppsite is true.(事实上，有证据表明情况正好相反。)”的内容起到了承上启下的作用，其中的in fact承接了空前的“这种观点是错误的”，同时指出事实，并在下文进行举例证实。故选A项。
69．根据空前的“Other critics ask why we are wrking with retailers r big brands like Starbucks.(其他批评人士问，我们为什么要和星巴克这样的零售商或大品牌合作。)”可知，此处提出问题，此空处应对此问题解答，E选项“Our answer is that nly by mainstreaming Fairtrade will we be able t reach mre prducers.(我们的答案是，只有将公平贸易主流化，我们才能接触到更多的生产者。)”中的ur answer是解题的关键，同时与空后“S we are unaplgetic in ur cmmitment t scale up.(因此，我们对扩大规模的承诺毫无歉意。)”中的内容构成因果关系，承上启下，逻辑合理。故选E项。
70．根据空后的“We recgnise that many farmers in the UK face similar issues t farmers elsewhere, but Fairtrade was established specifically t supprt the mst disadvantaged prducers in the wrld—like the tea-grwers f Malawi, wh dn’t even have drinking water in their villages.(我们认识到，英国的许多农民与其他地方的农民面临着类似的问题，但公平贸易的建立是专门为了支持世界上最弱势的生产者——比如马拉维的茶农，他们的村庄甚至没有饮用水。)”可知，此处首次提到了英国的农民问题，由此推断，空前内容应涉及到英国农民问题，C选项“A favurite questin is why we dn’t wrk with UK farmers.(一个最受欢迎的问题是，为什么我们不与英国农民合作。)”与上一段中的“其他批判者的问题”相呼应，同时提到了英国的农民，内容吻合。故选C项。
IV.Summary Writing
【答案】Accrding t the basic principles f Mntessri schls, children are encuraged t finish tasks with little r n help f adults. It cultivates nt nly their independence but als cperatin ability. Besides, children can learn t stay fcused n their task with all their senses. Children can als develp their abilities in reading, writing, calculating and interactive skills.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蒙台梭利教学法对儿童的好处。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①One is the idea f teachers encuraging the children t cmplete the activities with as little adult invlvement as pssible.
②The methd encurages nt nly independence, but als cperatin.
③The learning materials are als designed fr being handled and explred with all the senses.
④Analyzing their prgress at age five, she fund that the children tended t have better literacy, numeracy, executive functin and scial skills, cmpared t thse wh had attended the ther schls.
2. 缜密构思
将每个要点进行分说，注意上下文连贯。
3. 遣词造句
Accrding t the basic principles f Mntessri schls, children are encuraged t finish tasks with little r n help f adults.
It cultivates nt nly their independence but als cperatin ability.
Besides, children can learn t stay fcused n their task with all their senses.
Children can als develp their abilities in reading, writing, calculating and interactive skills.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Accrding t the basic principles f Mntessri schls, children are encuraged t finish tasks with little r n help f adults.用一个被动语态对第一个要点进行表述
[高分句型2]Children can als develp their abilities in reading, writing, calculating and interactive skills.用动名词作宾语，对第四个要点进行表述
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72．【答案】After mre than a century f develpment, the flk music industry emerged a number f artists lved by the audience.
【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。“经过一个多世纪的发展”翻译为after mre than a century f develpment，“民乐界”为the flk music industry，作主语，“涌现”为emerge，此处应用过去式，“许多”为短语a number f，“艺术家”为artists，“深受观众喜欢的”作后置定语，修饰artists，“喜爱”为动词lve和artists是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，“观众”为the audience，故整句翻译为After mre than a century f develpment, the flk music industry emerged a number f artists lved by the audience.
73．【答案】Dumplings, as ne f Chinese cultural symbls, are characterized by their thin skin, tender filling, delicius taste and unique shape.
【详解】考查短语和时态。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“是中国的文化符号之一”可理解为“作为中国的文化符号之一”表达为as ne f Chinese cultural symbls，“特点是”用固定短语be characterized by；“皮薄”是thin skin，“馅嫩”是tender filling，“味道鲜美”是delicius taste，“形状独特”是unique shape，这四个名词短语并列作介词by的宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Dumplings, as ne f Chinese cultural symbls, are characterized by their thin skin, tender filling, delicius taste and unique shape.
74．【答案】April has arrived, and spring is full f jy / is very much in the air, which brings new hpe t life.
【详解】考查短语、时态和非限定性定语从句。“四月已至”，用现在完成时，所以翻译为April has arrived；“春意盎然”，陈述现在事实，用一般现在时，所以翻译为spring is full f jy / is very much in the air，分别用短语be full f“充满”和 in the air“在户外”。指代前面的一件事，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，所以“带来了新的希望”翻译为brings new hpe t life。故翻译为April has arrived, and spring is full f jy / is very much in the air, which brings new hpe t life.
75．【答案】What successful peple have in cmmn is that despite terrible setbacks, they still have a psitive attitude twards life and realize their dreams with a strng will./What successful peple have in cmmn is that despite the fact that they have suffered terrible setbacks, they still have a psitive attitude twards life and realize their dreams with a strng will.
【详解】考查时态，介词短语、主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、动词短语。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。“成功人士”表达为名词短语successful peple，“有一个共同点”表达为动词短语 cmmn，“成功人士都有一个共同点”表达为名词性从句what successful peple have in cmmn，句子缺少宾语，故用what引导从句；“尽管历经可怕的挫折，他们依然对生活抱以积极的态度，并凭着顽强的意志力实现自己的理想。”作表语从句。表语从句中，“尽管”表达为介词短语despite，后接宾语“历经可怕的挫折”，表达为名词短语 terrible setbacks，或同位语从句the fact that they have suffered terrible setbacks；“依然”表达为副词still，作状语；“对生活抱以积极的态度”表达为动词短语 have a psitive attitude twards life，作表语从句的谓语动词；“凭着顽强的意志力”表达为介词短语with a strng will，作状语；“实现自己的理想”表达为动词短语realize their dreams，作表语从句的谓语动词。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为；What successful peple have in cmmn is that despite terrible setbacks, they still have a psitive attitude twards life and realize their dreams with a strng will.或What successful peple have in cmmn is that despite the fact that they have suffered terrible setbacks, they still have a psitive attitude twards life and realize their dreams with a strng will.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
【答案】Last year, we tk an active part in the vlunteer service activities held by ur schl, during which we have gained much happiness and experience t fulfill ur life. But with happiness, we still met many difficulties that are headaches fr us.
It is in an activity where we went t the nursing hme that we met the mst difficult thing. There was a lnely ld wman wh had lst her family, with herself living in the wrld. She needed mre cmpany than thers. She was eager fr ur arrival, even cntinuus cmpany. Seeing her eagerness fr lve, we all culdn’t hld ur emtins, but withut any slutins. Luckily, ne f ur classmates lived nearby, she asked her mther t frequently visit the ld wman, wh was a husewife at hme. By the regular cmpany f her mther and us, the ld wman became mre delighted than befre, and lived a richer life.
Frm the thing, we knew the real meaning f vlunteer service activities.
【导语】本篇书名表达为一篇应用文。要求学生写出在志愿者服务中所遇到的困难，以及如何解决困难。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
渴望：be eager fr→lng fr/yearn fr
丰富：fulfil→enrich
控制：hld→get…under cntrl
方法：slutin→methd/means
2.句式拓展：
合并简单句
原句：She needed mre cmpany than thers. She was eager fr ur arrival, even cntinuus cmpany.
拓展句：Because she needed mre cmpany than thers,she was eager fr ur arrival, even cntinuus cmpany.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
It is in an activity where we went t the nursing hme that we met the mst difficult thing.（运用了强调句和定语从句。）
【高分句型2】
Seeing her eagerness fr lve, we all culdn’t hld ur emtins, but withut any slutins.（运用了现在分词做状语。）
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