山东省青岛市第五十八中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期末英语试题

这是一份山东省青岛市第五十八中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期末英语试题，共17页。试卷主要包含了 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上， What des Dr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高三英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
CHOOSE YOUR TRIP
Tur A—Dhaka Phtgraphy Tur
We design the Phtgraphy tur t ffer yu the best f Dhaka Pht Tur. Bangladesh Ec Adventure is specialized t ffer phtgraphy tur in Dhaka and als utside f Dhaka. In Dhaka Phtgraphy tur we have included the lifestyle phtgraphy, general phtgraphy and many mre.
Per Persn(SUSD): 75 USD
Save This Mnth: $10 USD Per Persn($USD)
Tur B—Manipuri Rash Mela Tur
It has a lt f interesting activities and the festival begins frm lcal huse yards where the little kids dressed like Krishna start dancing and cllecting fferings. Afternn in the pen grund, peple will gather and—make several temples by banana tree and dance arund the temple. It’s the last daylight in the pen air, s it lks fabulus. In the late evening in the central temple, beautifully dressed girls will start dancing in their traditinal style.
Per Persn($USD): 95 USD
Save This Mnth: $20 USD Per Persn($USD)
Tur C—Sundarbans Tur with Small Bat
Sundarbans Mangrve frest is the single largest mangrve frest in the whle wrld lcated in the suthwestern part f Bangladesh. The green vegetatin gives a fresh feeling t yur eyes and fr bird lvers. Abut 270 types f birds have been recrded in Sundarbans which attracts bird watchers frm arund the glbe.
Per Persn($USD): 105 USD nly
Save This Mnth: $50 USD Per Persn($USD)
Tur D—Fullday Dhaka City Tur
Dhaka city tur is ne f the mst ppular Bangladesh Ec Adventures. This tur includes a visit t all histrical sites frm Mugul perid t ur liberatin war time, visiting museum, experiencing street life with a cup f tea, meeting lcals and explring lcals markets, taking rickshaws in the ld twn and mst imprtantly a bat tur in Burignga river.
Per Persn($USD): 85 USD
Save This Mnth: $15 USD Per Persn($USD)
1. Which f the fllwing. turs csts the least if yu sign up this mnth?
A. Dhaka Phtgraphy Tur.B. Manipuri Rash Mela Tur.
C. Fullday Dhaka City Tur.D. Sundarbans Tur with Small Bat.
2. Wh wuld mst prbably chse Tur C?
A. A middle-aged man crazy abut nature.
B. A yung cuple lving traditinal culture.
C. Cllege students interested in phtgraphy.
D. A senir schlar keen n ancient architecture.
3. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A text bk.B. A news reprt.
C. A shpping pster.D. A travel brchure.
B
In rder t help discver spilage and reduce fd waste fr supermarkets and cnsumers, researchers have develped new lw-cst, smart phne-linked, ec-friendly spilage sensrs fr meat and fish packaging.
One in three UK cnsumers thrw away fd just because it reaches the use-by date, but 60% f the £12.5 billin-wrth f fd we thrw away each year is safe t eat.
The researchers, whse findings were published in ACS Sensrs, say the sensrs culd als eventually replace the use-by date—a widely used indicatr f being fresh and eatable.
The sensrs cst tw US cents each t make. Knwn as “paper-based electrical gas sensrs (PEGS)”, they detect spilage gases like ammnia (a pisnus gas with a strng unpleasant smell) in meat and fish prducts. The infrmatin prvided by the electrnic nse is received by a smart phne, and then yu can knw whether the fd is fresh and safe t eat.
The Imperial Cllege Lndn researchers wh develped PEGS made the sensrs by printing carbn electrdes nt a special type f paper. The materials are ec-friendly and harmless, s they dn’t damage the envirnment and are safe t use in fd packaging. The sensrs, cmbined with a tiny electrnic system, then infrm nearby mbile devices, which identify and understand the data abut spilage gases.
Lead authr Dr Firat Guder f Imperial’s Department f Biengineering, said, “Althugh they’re designed t keep us safe, use-by dates can lead t eatable fd being thrwn away. They dn’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, peple ften get sick frm fd-brne diseases due t pr strage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”
“These sensrs are cheap enugh s we hpe t see supermarkets using them within three years. Our gal is t use PEGS in fd packaging t reduce unnecessary fd waste.”
The authrs hpe that PEGS culd have applicatins beynd fd prcessing, like sensing chemicals in agriculture, air quality, and detecting disease markers in breath like thse invlved in kidney disease.
4. What is the functin f PEGS accrding t the text?
A. T imprve the taste f fds.B. T imprve the service f stres.
C. T help supermarkets stre fds.D. T help peple test fd freshness.
5. What rle des the smartphne play while PEGS are functining?
A. It acts as an electrnic nse.B. It reads the data cllected by PEGS.
C. It helps print the gas sensrs nt paper.D. It discvers the spilage gases frm fds.
6. What des Dr. Firat Guder say abut use-by dates?
A. They are nt cmpletely reliable.B. They can help reduce fd waste.
C. They are based n scientific research.D. They are nt accepted by the cnsumers.
7. What des the authr mainly talk abut in the text?
A. The prcess f researching spilage sensrs.
B. A new technlgy in packaging t reduce fd waste.
C. The applicatin f spilage sensrs beynd fd prcessing.
D. The influence f use-by dates n supermarkets and cnsumers.
C
Even when cmmuning with nature we depend n technlgy fr help — but then, s did Threau(梭罗) at Walden Pnd(瓦尔登湖).
Walking in the same wds yesterday, I let myself wander at randm, cmmuning with nature.
I tk in beautiful scenery near and far thanks t my prgressive-lens eyeglasses. Occasinally I’d pull ut my smartphne t take pictures n anything interesting. I recrded an inner mnlgue with a backgrund f all sunds f the frest. At times, I cnsulted my smart watch t check n my heartbeat, mileage and calrie burn. Eventually I realized I was quite lst. Nt a prblem f curse. Online maps came t my rescue.
But smething bthered me. In what I’d intended as a nature experience, here I was using very high technlgy t help myself ut. This insight triggered a recnsideratin f everything that happened during my “nature walk,” which had been technlgically enhanced every step f the way. I’d been functining as a man-machine cmbinatin: a cybrg.
What wuld the true naturalist Threau think f that? My first thught was that he’d be shcked. But later I did sme research. Threau enjyed what his spyglass discvered, like this eagle frm his jurnal:
Lying n the grund with my glass, I culd watch him very easily … till I almst lst him in the cluds … I think I have gt the wrth f my glass nw that it has revealed t me the white-headed eagle.
Famusly, Threau always set ut equipped with a walking stick, which he used nt nly fr supprt but als t take measurements f water and snw levels. His hat was als a tl, which he called his “btany-bx.” And he was prepared even with needles and thread, s when cming ut f the wds, he was “the best dressed.” Clearly, Threau was a bit f a cybrg himself.
Thinking mre deeply, I realized we’ve cme a lng way frm ur hunter-gatherer ancestrs, wh walked frm necessity and relied n nature’s gift. Cybrgs are us.
8. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T recmmend Threau’s bk Walden Pnd.
B. T argue that humans have develped int cybrgs.
C. T share the reflectins n man’s reliance n nature.
D. T questin whether peple are technlgy-dependent.
9. Which picture best illustrates a cybrg in the authr’s eye?
A. B.
C. D.
10. Why des the authr qute Threau’s jurnal?
A. T intrduce a literary wrk n nature.
B. T explain hw t prepare fr a nature walk.
C. T prve that even naturalists use technlgy.
D. T describe the natural beauty Threau enjyed.
11. What is the authr’s attitude twards being a cybrg?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.C. Dubtful.D. Unclear.
D
The rbts are alive, and nw they can reprduce.
That’s nt a cntinuatin t “The Terminatr” It's the latest result f research amng scientists at Harvard and the University f Vermnt. These xenbts, named fr the African frg Xenpus laevis, culd mve arund and display cllective behavir.
The researchers tk stem cells(干细胞) frm the skin f frg and put them in salt water, where they came tgether int balls with a cvering f cilia, which are similar t small hairs and enable the rganisms(生物体) t mve. The scientists nticed that these rganisms, xenbts, wuld cllect
any particles(粒子) placed in the dish t make piles. They started t wnder whether the tiny rbts wuld d the same thing with individual stem cells, s they cnducted a test.
Knwing that xenbts5 shapes affect their behavir, the researchers tried t figure ut which frm wuld help the rganism t reprduce repeatedly. They discvered that a “C” shape seemed t be the best. The C-shaped xenbts gathered individual stem cells int grups, which became xenbts f their wn. This type f reprductin is based n the rganisms’ mvement, rather than grwing and then frming a new being as ther animals and plants d.
Xenbts are n an unusual line between living rganisms and rbts. They are rganisms because they are made f stem cells and can reprduce. But they are als rbts because they can mve n their wn and perfrm physical labr. Althugh mst rbts are made f metal, rbts are given the definitin nt by their material, but by what they can d.
Befre nw, Kriegman, a pstdctral fellw at Harvard University, said, “n ne has been using living materials as self-mving, self-pwered rbts.” The researchers hpe that the xenbts can help them better understand the prcess f reprductin —a fundamental quality f life —and hw t cntrl it. Faced with a wrld full f self-reprducing prblems, such as Cvid-19, Kriegman said studying xenbts culd lead scientists clser t slutins.
12. What inspired the researchers t perfrm an experiment?
A. The psitin f particles.B. The gathering f stem cells.
C. The mvement f rganisms.D. The cllective ability f xenbts.
13. What is special abut the C-shaped xenbts reprductin?
A. It's repeated cnstantly.B. It generates new beings.
C. It separates individual stem cells.D. It's based n xenbts’ mtin.
14. Hw are xenbts defined as rbts?
A. By their functin.B. By their reprductin.
C. By their unique cmpnent.D. By their physical appearance.
15. What can be inferred abut the research frm the last paragraph?
A. It culd make a breakthrugh.B. It wuld bring scientists clser.
C. It culd find the secret f reprductin.D. It wuld discver the slutin t Cvid-19.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。
Research shws that we spend ne-third t ne-half f ur waking life nt living in the present. ___16___ Our brains transprt us t past events, imagined future scenes and ther internal thughts.
This allws fr intrspectin(内省) — the space t imagine, remember, reflect and then use these fantasies t slve prblems, innvate and create. But intrspectin can smetimes lead t mre harm than gd. ___17___ When we fcus inward t wrk thrugh ur prblems, we may find that ding s causes us t feel wrse. Negative thught cycles like this can make ur capacity fr intrspectin feel mre like a curse than a blessing.
The fact that intrspectin is bth a helpful tl and destructive frce is a great cntradictin f the human mind. Frtunately, science has begun t explain why this happens, and hw t cntrl it.
___18___ This fires up ur emtins t the degree f rejecting alternative ways f thinking abut the issue that might cl us dwn. In ther wrds, we lse insight. One natural slutin t this prblem is t zm ut — t “step back” frm yur prblems s yu can think abut them mre bjectively. ___19___ Hwever, nt just any cnversatin will d. The key is t fcus n talking t peple wh nt nly allw yu t express yur emtins but als help braden yur hrizns.
Intrspectin is central t the makeup f the human mind. The challenge is t minimize the negative aspects while achieving its ptential. ___20___
A. But it can be wnderful t live in the past.
B. We naturally separate frm the here and nw.
C. It might cntribute t anxiety and depressin.
D. Anther way t gain insight is t talk t thers.
E. Regulating negative emtins als helps t reasn wisely.
F. Negative thught cycles ccur when we zm in t clse n ur prblems.
G. Being aware f hw ur minds wrk can help us make the best f intrspectin.
第二部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was driving n the freeway when I saw the sign. It ___21___ drivers that chains wuld be required t crss the muntain. It tk me quite sme time t get the chains n. When I gt t a spt where it was n lnger snwing, I tk the chains ff s I culd drive at a(n) ___22___ speed.
Suddenly, I ___23___ anther snwy, icy patch f rad. My car spun ut int a snwdrift. I thught f ___24___ sme tree branches and placing them under my tires, but it was s cld utside that my hands weren’t wrking ___25___ . I gt inside the car and called American Autmbile Assciatin (AAA).
A Russian man came up t my windw and said hell. Befre I culd say t much, he and his three sns were already ___26___ t push my car. I gt ut f my car and ___27___ them.
It was past midnight and they easily culd have decided that AAA wuld ___28___ the situatin after ur initial ___29___ failed. Yet, they stayed with us fr nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying ____30____ things t get the car ut f the snw, insistent that they wuldn’t leave until I was ____31____ .
At first, I was a little ____32____ abut being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hur, but their cheerful attitude changed the whle ____33____ f the situatin and lifted my spirits.
After nearly 45 minutes f hard wrk when my car was finally free, they didn’t even ____34____ arund lng enugh fr me t get their names. They just ran tward their truck, ____35____ a bit n the ice, and yelled back “Drive Slwly”, like true smile heres!
21. A. warnedB. encuragedC. prmisedD. taught
22. A. slwB. averageC. nrmalD. tp
23. A. missed utB. came upnC. lked frD. pulled ff
24. A. remvingB. burningC. destryingD. breaking
25. A. prperlyB. casuallyC. creativelyD. cmfrtably
26. A. prpsingB. cntinuingC. startingD. claiming
27. A. urgedB. jinedC. stppedD. left
28. A. handleB. imprveC. reviseD. clarify
29. A. preparatinsB. appealsC. impressinsD. attempts
30. A. typicalB. uniqueC. differentD. difficult
31. A. apprachedB. frgivenC. prtectedD. freed
32. A. cncernedB. cautiusC. awkwardD. cnfused
33. A. analysisB. dynamicC. definitinD. truth
34. A. playB. walkC. stickD. glance
35. A. mvedB. recveredC. dashedD. slid
第II卷
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The famus Chinese Pu’er tea that has delighted and fascinated the wrld fr millennia has finally received tp-level glbal 36. (recgnize) as a shared cultural treasure f mankind.
Traditinal tea prcessing techniques and their assciated scial practices in China 37. (add) t UNESCO's Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity n Tuesday.
The status was cnferred(授予) by the Intergvernmental Cmmittee fr the Safeguarding f Intangible Cultural Heritage, 38. (hst) in Rabat, Mrcc. It cnsists f knwledge, skills and practices cncerning management f tea plantatins, the picking f tea leaves, and the prcessing, drinking and sharing f tea.
Accrding t UNESCO, in China 39. (cnventin) tea prcessing techniques are clsely cnnected with gegraphical lcatin and natural envirnment, 40. (bring) abut a distributin range between 18°-37° N and 94°-122° E.
The techniques are 41. (primary) fund in the prvinces and autnmus regins f Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and s n. “Over 2,000 tear varieties, mainly six 42. (categry) are grwn in China. Practices f greeting guests with tea and building gd relatinships within families and amng neighbrhds thrugh tea-related activities are Shared amng multiple ethnic grups, 43 prvide a sense f identity and cntinuity fr cmmunities, grups and individuals cncerned.” the dcument said.
In China, 44 registered natinal-level intangible cultural heritage entries are assciated 44. tea. There are ver 40 vcatinal clleges and 80 universities in China that have set up majrs in tea science r tea culture. Traditinal tea prcessing techniques were the 43rd entry frm China n the Representative List f the Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity, 45. ttal tps all the ther cuntries.
第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，读完外教Mr. Brwn推荐的一些英文小说后，你的收获很大。请你给他写一封感谢信，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.你的收获；
3.希望得到进一步指导。
注意：1.词数 80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
Summer vacatin was cming. Jack and his brther Berlin were filled with excitement as they thught f visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last. After the happy family gt ready, they set ut fr the grandparents’ eagerly. On the way, the brthers were excitedly talking abut the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue huse with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the prperty was the frest carrying their gd memries with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end f which Grandma was waiting fr them jyfully.
Jack and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept t the living rm, shuting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!”
Seeing his grandsns, Grandpa was wild with jy and tried t get up with all his strength frm the chair but in vain. A helpless expressin flashed n his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe culdn’t stand up n his wn frever. But Grandpa declared stubbrnly(倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his byish way. Mum and grandparents were happy t meet again after a lng time. They sat tgether and chatted abut what happened recently.
The brthers were sn bred with adult cnversatin, went ut and wandered int the frest. Tall trees stretched up t the heavens with large branches crssing each ther, while yung nes rse straight like sldiers. Grandpa was nce a great explrer full f wisdm. He culd tell where the birds came frm nly by their calls and sngs. The trees, birds, lizards, lts f many merry mments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdm!
But nw Grandpa culdn't get up. This made them wrried. “We’d think ut a way t cheer him up.” Jack said. “Grandpa is a bird lver, and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Jack shk his head.
Then a bright idea came t Jack’s mind. “Why nt make a cane(拐杖) ut f a yung tree!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Berlin thught it was a gd idea.
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Jack and Berlin handed the cane t Grandpa.
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山东省青岛第五十八中学2022-2023学年度高三上期末英语答案：
1. D 2. A 3. D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四款旅行方案。
1. 细节理解题。根据每个旅游计划的单价和本月可省金额可知，如本月报名，Tur A 需花费65美元，Tur B花费75美元，Tur C花费55美元，Tur D花费70美元。故选D项。
2. 推理判断题。根据Tur C的“Sundarbans Mangrve frest is the single largest mangrve frest in the whle wrld lcated in the suthwestern part f Bangladesh. The green vegetatin gives a fresh feeling t yur eyes and fr bird lvers, it is a parade.(Sundarbans Mangrve红树林是世界上最大的红树林，位于孟加拉国西南部。绿色的植被给你的眼睛带来新鲜的感觉，对于鸟类爱好者来说，这是一场游行。)”中的“frest”和“bird”可知最有可能对Tur C感兴趣的是一个热爱大自然的中年人。故选A项。
3. 推理判断题。根据全文关键词“tur”和内容，可推断这篇文章应该是从一本旅游宣传册摘录下来的。故选D项。
4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。
4. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The sensrs cst tw US cents each t make. Knwn as “paper-based electrical gas sensrs (PEGS)”, they detect spilage gases like ammnia (a pisnus gas with a strng unpleasant smell) in meat and fish prducts. The infrmatin prvided by the electrnic nse is received by a smart phne, and then yu can knw whether the fd is fresh and safe t eat.(每个传感器的制造成本为2美分。它们被称为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”，可以检测出肉类和鱼类产品中的氨气（一种有强烈难闻气味的有毒气体）等腐败气体。 电子鼻子提供的信息被智能手机接收，然后你就可以知道食物是否新鲜和安全的食用)”可知，PEGS的功能是帮助人们检测食物的新鲜度。故选D。
5. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The sensrs, cmbined with a tiny electrnic system, then infrm nearby mbile devices, which identify and understand the data abut spilage gases.(这些传感器与一个微型电子系统结合，然后通知附近的移动设备，这些移动设备可以识别并了解有关变质气体的数据)”可知，当PEGS运行时，智能手机的作用是读取PEGS收集的数据。故选B。
6. 推理判断题。根据第六段“Lead authr Dr Firat Guder f Imperial’s Department f Biengineering, said, “Althugh they’re designed t keep us safe, use-by dates can lead t eatable fd being thrwn away. They dn’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, peple ften get sick frm fd-brne diseases due t pr strage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”(帝国理工大学生物工程系的第一作者Firat Guder博士说：“尽管保质期是为了保护我们的安全，但它可能导致可食用的食物被扔掉。它们并不总是反映它的实际新鲜度。事实上，人们经常会因为储存不当而患上食源性疾病，即使是在保质期内。”)”可推知，Firat Guder博士认为保质期不是完全可靠的。故选A。
7. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In rder t help discver spilage and reduce fd waste fr supermarkets and cnsumers, researchers have develped new lw-cst, smart phne-linked, ec-friendly spilage sensrs fr meat and fish packaging.(为了帮助超市和消费者发现食物的腐败现象，减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新型低成本、智能手机连接、环保的腐败传感器，用于肉类和鱼类的包装)”结合文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器（PEGS）”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术未来应用领域的看法。可知，作者在文中主要谈到了减少食物浪费的包装新技术。故选B。
8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过分析我们人类对技术的依赖，并引用自然学家梭罗的事例，说明了我们人类已进化成半机械人。
8. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Even when cmmuning with nature we depend n technlgy fr help — but then, s did Threau (梭罗) at Walden Pnd (瓦尔登湖).(即使在与自然交流时，我们也依赖技术来帮助——但是，沃尔登湖的梭罗也是如此)”可知，我们都是依赖技术的，自然学家梭罗也是如此；再根据文章最后一段“Thinking mre deeply, I realized we’ve cme a lng way frm ur hunter-gatherer ancestrs, wh walked frm necessity and relied n nature’s gift. Cybrgs are us.(更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们)”可推知，本文的目的是为了说明人类已经进化为半机械人。故选B项。
9. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This insight triggered a recnsideratin f everything that happened during my “nature walk”，which had been technlgically enhanced every step f the way. I’d been functining as a man-machine cmbinatin: a cybrg.(这一见解引发了我对“自然漫步”中发生的一切的重新思考，“自然漫步”的每一步都得到了技术的强化。 我一直扮演着人机结合的角色:一个半机械人)”可知，作者眼中的半机械人应该是人机结合，选项C的图片中即有人又有机器，符合题意。故选C项。
10. 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“But later I did sme research. Threau enjyed what his spyglass discvered, like this eagle frm his jurnal(但后来我做了一些研究。梭罗喜欢望远镜的发现，就像日记里的这只鹰)”和第六段“I think I have gt the wrth f my glass nw that it has revealed t me the white-headed eagle.(我想我已经得到了我的望远镜的价值，因为它让我看到了白头鹰)”可知，自然学家梭罗是肯定了望远镜的作用，所以作者引用梭罗的日记是为了证明即使是自然学家也会使用科技。故选C项。
11. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thinking mre deeply, I realized we’ve cme a lng way frm ur hunter-gatherer ancestrs, wh walked frm necessity and relied n nature’s gift. Cybrgs are us.(更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们)”可知，作者对半机械化人的态度是赞成的。故选A项。
12. D 13. D 14. A 15. A
【导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项最新研究成果。研究人员研究出一种异种机器人，以非洲爪蟾命名，可以四处走动并且可以自我复制。研究人员希望这些异种机器人能帮助更好地理解生殖过程。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The scientists nticed that these rganisms, xenbts, wuld cllect any particles (粒子) placed in the dish t make piles. They started t wnder whether the tiny rbts wuld d the same thing with individual stem cells, s they cnducted a test.(科学家们注意到，这些有机体，异种机器人，会收集放在盘子里的任何颗粒并堆积起来。他们开始怀疑这些微型机器人是否会对单个干细胞做同样的事情，所以他们进行了一项试验。)”可知，xenbt的收集能力鼓舞研究人员进行了这项试验。故选D。
13. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“They discvered that a “C” shape seemed t be the best. The C-shaped xenbts gathered individual stem cells int grups, which became xenbts f their wn. This type f reprductin is based n the rganisms’ mvement, rather than grwing and then frming a new being as ther animals and plants d.( 他们发现“C”形似乎是最好的。这种 C形异种机器人将单个的干细胞聚集成一组，形成了自己的异种机器人。这种类型的繁殖是基于这个有机体的运动，而不是像其他动物和植物那样生长然后形成一个新的生物。)”可知，关于C形异种机器人的再创能力，其特殊之处是它基于运动。故选D。
14. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Althugh mst rbts are made f metal, rbts are given the definitin nt by their material, but by what they can d.(虽然大多数机器人是由金属制成的，但机器人的定义不是根据它们的材料，而是由它们能做什么来定义的。)”可知，异种机器人是通过它们的功能来定义机器人的。故选A。
15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Befre nw, Kriegman, a pstdctral fellw at Harvard University, said, “n ne has been using living materials as self-mving, self-pwered rbts. (在此之前，哈佛大学的博士后研究员克里格曼说，“还没有人使用生命材料用作自动移动、自动供电的机器人。”)”可推断，这项研究可能会取得重大突破。故选A。
16. B 17. C 18. F 19. D 20. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，我们醒着的时候，有三分之一到一半的时间都不是活在当下，我们的大脑把我们带到过去的事件，想象未来的场景和其他内在的想法，这也给了我们自省的空间。文章主要说明了自省的好处以及弊端。
16. 根据上文“Research shws that we spend ne-third t ne-half f ur waking life nt living in the present.(研究表明，我们醒着的时候，有三分之一到一半的时间都不是活在当下)”以及后文“Our brains transprt us t past events, imagined future scenes and ther internal thughts.(我们的大脑把我们带到过去的事件，想象未来的场景和其他内在的想法)”可知，上文提到有三分之一到一半的时间都不是活在当下，后文则说我们的大脑把我们带到过去的事件，可见我们总是与此时此地的事物相分离。故B选项“我们自然地与此时此地分离”符合语境，故选B。
17. 根据上文“This allws fr intrspectin (内省) — the space t imagine, remember, reflect and then use these fantasies t slve prblems, innvate and create. But intrspectin can smetimes lead t mre harm than gd.(这给了我们自省的空间——想象、回忆、反思，然后利用这些幻想来解决问题、创新和创造。但自省有时弊大于利)”以及后文“When we fcus inward t wrk thrugh ur prblems, we may find that ding s causes us t feel wrse. Negative thught cycles like this can make ur capacity fr intrspectin feel mre like a curse than a blessing.(当我们集中精力解决问题时，我们可能会发现这样做会让我们感觉更糟。像这样的消极思想循环会让我们的自省能力感觉更像是一种诅咒而不是一种祝福)”可知，本句承接上文进一步解释说明自省带来的弊端，故C选项“它可能会导致焦虑和抑郁”符合语境，故选C。
18. 根据后文“This fires up ur emtins t the degree f rejecting alternative ways f thinking abut the issue that might cl us dwn. In ther wrds, we lse insight. One natural slutin t this prblem is t zm ut — t “step back” frm yur prblems s yu can think abut them mre bjectively.(这将我们的情绪激发到拒绝其他可能让我们冷静下来的思考问题的方式的程度。换句话说，我们失去了洞察力。解决这个问题的一个自然的办法是缩小范围——从你的问题中“退一步”，这样你就可以更客观地思考它们)”可知，后文提到从自己的问题中“后退一步”就可以更客观地思考它们，即建议不要过于关注自己的问题。故F选项“当我们过于关注自己的问题时，消极思维循环就会发生”符合语境，故选F。
19. 根据后文“Hwever, nt just any cnversatin will d. The key is t fcus n talking t peple wh nt nly allw yu t express yur emtins but als help braden yur hrizns.(然而，并不是任何对话都可以。关键是要专注于与那些不仅能让你表达情感，还能开阔你视野的人交谈)”可知，后文提到了和人对话的注意事项。由此可知，本句是在建议获得洞察力的方法是和别人交谈。故D选项“另一种获得洞察力的方法是和别人交谈”符合语境，故选D。
20. 本段第一句“Intrspectin is central t the makeup f the human mind.(内省是人类思维构成的核心)”本段说明内省是思维的核心，接着“The challenge is t minimize the negative aspects while achieving its ptential.(我们面临的挑战是在发挥其潜力的同时尽量减少其负面影响)”说明我们要减少负面影响，因此推断G项“知道我们的思想是如何工作的，可以帮助我们充分利用内省。”辩证地说明理解好我们的大脑可以帮助我们利用好内省。故选G。
21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者独自一人在高速公路上开车时汽车打滑倒在雪堆里，得到一个俄罗斯人和他的三个儿子帮助的故事。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它警告司机，在翻越这座山时需要用铁链。A. warned警告；B. encuraged鼓励；C. prmised承诺；D. taught教。根据上文“I was driving n the freeway when I saw the sign.”可知，此处表示那个标志警告司机在翻越这座山时需要用铁链。故选A。
22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到达一个不再下雪的地方，我取下了锁链，这样我就可以以正常的速度开车了。A. slw缓慢的；B. average平均的；C. nrmal正常的；D. tp最高的。根据“I tk the chains ff”可知，作者取下锁链是为了以正常速度开车。故选C。
23. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，我来到了另一条积雪、结冰的道路上。A. missed ut错过；B. came upn碰到，遇见；C. lked fr寻找；D. pulled ff（在路边）停车。根据“anther snwy, icy patch f rad”可知，此处表示作者突然遇到了另一条积雪、结冰的道路。故选B。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想折断一些树枝，把它们放在轮胎下面，但外面太冷了，我的手不能正常工作。A. remving移除；B. burning燃烧；C. destrying破坏；D. breaking打破，折断。根据“My car spun ut int a snwdrift”和“placing them under my tires”可知，作者想要折断一些树枝。故选D。
25. 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. prperly合适地；B. casually随意地；C. creatively创造性地；D. cmfrtably舒服地。根据“but it was s cld utside”可知，因为外面太冷了，作者的手不能正常工作。故选A。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及说太多，他和他的三个儿子已经开始推我的车了。A. prpsing建议，提议；B. cntinuing继续；C. starting开始；D. claiming声称，宣称。根据“t push my car”可知，此处表示那个俄罗斯人和他的三个儿子已经开始推作者的车了。故选C。
27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下车加入了他们。A. urged催促；B. jined参加；C. stpped停止；D. left离开。根据“Yet, they stayed with us fr nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying 10 things t get the car ut f the snw”可知，作者下车加入了他们。故选B。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时已经过了午夜，他们本可以轻易地决定，在我们最初的尝试失败后，AAA会处理这种情况。A. handle处理；B. imprve提高，改善；C. revise修改，复习；D. clarify澄清，阐明。根据“I gt inside the car and called American Autmbile Assciatin (AAA).”可知，作者认为AAA会处理这种情况。故选A。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. preparatins准备；B. appeals吸引力；C. impressins印象；D. attempts尝试。根据“Yet, they stayed with us fr nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying 10 things”可知，此处表示最初的尝试失败了。故选D。
30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们和我们在一起待了将近45分钟，因为我们不断尝试各种方法把车从雪中弄出来，并坚持说除非我脱离束缚，否则他们不会离开。A. typical典型的；B. unique独特的；C. different不同的；D. difficult困难的。根据“t get the car ut f the snw”可知，在作者他们最初的尝试失败后，AAA会处理这种情况，而他们却选择了不同的处理方法。故选C。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. apprached靠近；B. frgiven原谅；C. prtected保护；D. freed释放，使解除。根据“insistent that they wuldn’t leave”可知，他们并坚持说除非作者脱离束缚，否则他们不会离开。故选D。
32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我有点担心这么晚还被困在这么冷的天气里，但他们的乐观态度改变了整个局面，让我精神振奋。A. cncerned担心的；B. cautius小心的，谨慎的；C. awkward糟糕的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据“abut being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hur”可知，此处表示作者有点担心这么晚还被困在这么冷的天气里。故选A。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. analysis分析；B. dynamic动力；C. definitin定义；D. truth真相。根据“but their cheerful attitude changed ”可知，但他们的乐观态度改变了整个局面。故选B。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过近45分钟的辛苦工作，我的车终于摆脱束缚了，他们甚至都没待多久，让我知道他们的名字。A. play玩；B. walk散步；C. stick坚持；D. glance瞥一眼。根据“arund lng enugh fr me t get their names.”可知，他们甚至都没待多久，让作者知道他们的名字。故选C。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们只是跑向自己的卡车，在冰上滑了一下，然后喊道:“开慢点”，像真正微笑的英雄！A. mved移动；B. recvered恢复；C. dashed猛冲；D. slid滑动。根据“a bit n the ice”可知，此处表示，他们自己的卡车在冰上滑了一下。故选D。
36. Dear Mr. Brwn,
I'm writing t express my sincere thanks t yu fr recmmending me sme English nvels.
The recmmended nvels, whse languages are beautiful and plain t read, have brught me many unexpected benefits. Having finished reading them, I have built a larger vcabulary, which, in turn, has imprved my writing skills. Besides, these English nvels pen me up t new experiences and perspectives, ffering me new infrmatin abut cultures and scieties that I never knew befre.
Please accept my thanks nce again. I really hpe yu can prvide me with sme mre guidance n reading English nvels.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr. Brwn写一封感谢信，感谢他给你推荐的一些英文小说，使你获得很大收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
①推荐：recmmend→ cmmend
②好处：benefits → advantages
③提供：ffer → prvide
④感谢：thanks→ gratitude
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I'm writing t express my sincere thanks t yu fr recmmending me sme English nvels.
拓展句：I'm writing t express my sincere thanks t yu because yu recmmended me sme English nvels.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The recmmended nvels, whse languages are beautiful and plain t read, have brught me many unexpected benefits.(运用了whse引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Having finished reading them, I have built a larger vcabulary, which, in turn, has imprved my writing skills. (运用了现在分词的完成时态，which引导非限制性定语从句)
37. Berlin thught it was a gd idea. When the tw brthers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back t their grandfather’s huse, gt the tls they needed t make the cane, and ran back t the wds. Jack said, “What kind f tree shuld we pick fr the walking stick?” Berlin thught fr a mment and said, “I think we shuld chse a straight tree, s n knts will scratch grandpa’s hands.” Jack ndded his head in agreement. They fund a straight tree and set t wrk. They cut the tree dwn, and with a knife they tk the bark ff. It was a wnderful tree, which was smth and was just f the right size. They thught grandpa wuld lve it.
Jack and Berlin handed the cane t Grandpa. When grandpa tk the cane, his hands shk with jy, thinking, “This is made by my grandsns themselves. Hw precius it is!” Jack said, “Grandpa, we hpe this cane will help yu stand up and cme with us t explre the wds.” Grandpa smiled and decided t give it a try s as nt t make his grandchildren disappinted. He held the cane in his right hand and the arm f his chair in his left hand. He std up with strength n his legs. Everyne was surprised and excited t see grandpa stand up. At that mment, Jack nticed a tear cming frm the crner f his grandfather’s eye.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了暑假即将来临，杰克和他的弟弟柏林去看望祖父母，他们却发现爷爷站不起来了，兄弟俩走进了森林，杰克突然想到了一个好主意，就是给爷爷做一根手杖。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“柏林认为这是个好主意。”可知，第一段可描写兄弟俩怎么做手杖。
②由第二段首句内容“杰克和伯林把手杖递给爷爷。”可知，第二段可描写爷爷拿到手杖后的反应。
2.续写线索：拿工具——做手杖——爷爷尝试站起来——众人反应
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拿：get/fetch
②砍下：cut dwn/chp dwn
③站起来：stand up/rise t ne’s feet
情绪类
①高兴：jy/delight
②兴奋的：excited/thrilled
【点睛】[高分句型1]When the tw brthers reached an agreement, they quickly ran back t their grandfather’s huse, gt the tls they needed t make the cane, and ran back t the wds.(由when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]It was a wnderful tree, which was smth and was just f the right size.(由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)