人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元测试同步达标检测题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元测试同步达标检测题，共8页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Over past decades, China's aerspace industry has achieved a great deal and made great breakthrughs. Gu Shiyu, 31, is ne f thse persnnel(人员) wh have devted themselves t the nble cause.
Wrking at the China Academy f Launch Vehicle Technlgy, Gu is part f the third generatin f China's aerspace persnnel. He was brn and brught up in an "aerspace family" with his parents and grandparents all wrking in the industry.
Back in cllege, Gu majred in lgistics(物流学). With a gd cmmand f relevant knwledge, he started his space career, applying what he had learned t ding material management wrk at the academy. He wn a safety prductin award alng with his team members. "Each generatin f aerspace persnnel pursues high quality and errr-free wrk," he said.
Gu develped an interest in aerspace when he was a university student. In 2007, he saw China's first unmanned lunar prbe Chang'e 1 make a smth launch. "Befre I graduated in 2011, the space statin Tiangng-1 tk anther step frward int the universe, and s I made up my mind t wrk n space missins," he said.
Gu learned t be careful and precise frm the family members wh came befre him. Gu's grandfather was ne f the first team f Chinese aerspace staff. He saw the academy being built in the middle f nwhere in the 1950s. "Aerspace is a big prject while everyne's wrk is rdinary. N matter whether it's designing r managing, it's detailed tasks that makeup a great missin. I hpe Gu will take details seriusly and wrk hard at his psitin," his grandfather said.
"As the saying ges, 'My cnquest(征途) is the sea f stars'," Gu said. "I hpe smeday the spaceflight will be as easy as taking a train r plane nw."
1、Hw did Gu Shiyu prepare fr his aerspace career in cllege?
A.He devted himself t it.
B.He tk every detail seriusly.
C.He wrked hard with his teammates.
D.He equipped himself with prfessinal knwledge.
2、What inspired Gu t take up his present career?
A.His interest in aerspace.B.His safety prductin award.
C.The influence f aerspace staff.D.The achievements in space explratin.
3、What cntributes significantly t Gu's achievements?
A.His cllege educatin.B.His family traditin.
C.His teamwrk with thers.D.His psitin in the academy.
4、What can we infer frm Gu's wrds in the last paragraph?
A.He is satisfied with his cntributins.
B.He is cncerned abut the spaceflight.
C.He is cnfident abut his chsen career.
D.He is ptimistic abut China's aerspace industry.
二、七选五
5、 Maybe yu're a yung utstanding scientist wanting t have an influence n the wrld, r a mre seasned veteran f scientific study wh is curius abut hw t get better at yur jb. Either way, there are several key steps t develp yur ability t make psitive cntributins t the wrld.
Experiment with new ideas. An imprtant part f scientific discvery is the result f hard wrk and luck. Luck has frequently played a large rle in scientific discvery. ①_____ Yu never knw when experimentatin and luck will cllide(碰撞) t create an imprtant discvery.
Be pen t failure. Yu may think a scientist shuld be smart, gifted, skilled in mathematics, and precise. ②_____ Being a scientist is 90% failure and 10% success.
Take charge f yur ideas. Challenge yurself t cme up with ne idea related t yur prject a day. ③_____ As a scientist in a cmpetitive field, yu need t create yur wn pprtunities by wning yur ideas and wrking hard t develp them further.
Practice yur writing skills. ④_____ Try t d a little writing every day, and put yur ideas r thinking dwn n the page s yu can get int the habit f recrding yur ideas, which culd later end up in a published paper r in a lecture abut yur latest scientific thery.
⑤_____ Thugh hard wrk is necessary t be a gd scientist, it's imprtant t strike a balance between prfessinal wrk and persnal dwntime. Dn't let yurself get burnt ut.
A.Keep a balance between hard wrk and rest.
B.S, dn't be afraid t play arund with new ideas.
C.Yu will d better wrk if yu wrk with smene else.
D.Create a writing prcess that wrks fr yu and stick t it.
E.Yu shuld be pen t the slutins made by thers in the field.
F.Thugh sme f them will be bad, many culd lead t a new experiment r thery.
G.Hwever, an imprtant quality a gd scientist shuld have is a willingness t fail.
三、完形填空（15空）
6、 Tim Ma's parents nce pened a restaurant, which unfrtunately clsed. Ma's parents hped he wuld becme an engineer. They wanted financial security fr their child. S Ma 1 studying electrical engineering in cllege.
But Ma wanted t 2 the restaurant business after he’d dne several engineering jbs. It was in his bld. After all, his parents had wned a Chinese restaurant, s had his uncle. Because f their wn 3 , his parents disapprved and asked Ma t think it ver. Ma remained 4 , thugh. He was ging t d things differently since he learned frm the majr 5 f his parents as restaurant wners — they knew little abut cking. S, at age 30 Ma 6 t schl — a cking schl. He determined t study the fundamentals f cking in rder that he culd wrk as a 7 in his wn restaurant.
When his first restaurant Maple Ave pened, he cked, and even 8 equipment because he had n repairman. Finally his lng hurs 9 . Ma pened his furth restaurant Kyiersan. Fr Ma, Kyiersan is a 10 name. It cmes frm his ld family name, Kyin, and the Chinese wrds fr 1 - 3. The numbers 11 his three children. "And I simply 12 them all tgether and called it Kyiersan." He 13 his training in cking with Chinese traditin t create new dishes. Part f Ma's success is due t the 14 menu and fd. But a lt f it 15 cmes frm his hard wrk.
abut B.gave up C.gt thrugh D.ended up
B.change C.quit D.refrm
B.achievement C.failure D.dream
B.firm C.excited D.hesitant
B.business C.mistake D.skill
B.replied C.respnded D.returned
B.baker C.manager D.waiter
B.plished C.fixed D.checked
ff B.wrked ut C.went up D.brke dwn
B.special C.strange D.simple
B.fit C.attract D.represent
B.cllected C.classified D.linked
B.analyses C.equips D.mixes
B.rdinary C.cmplex D.creative
B.just C.yet D.even
四、语法填空
7、The by wh started wrk just after graduatin was arranged as a teaching _____(assist).
8、Bdy language can give away a lt abut yur thughts—fr example, standing with yur arms flded can send ut a signal that yu are being _____(defend).
9、The stry f the tw yung men is described _____(vivid) in this nvel.
10、In the 1960s, a German scientist made a remarkable _____(find) when bserving hneybees.
11、Mr. Jhnsn, what's yur _____(think) n the questin put frward at the meeting?
12、It is a wrd with _____(multiply) meanings.
五、书面表达
13、假定你是李华,一名高中生,你校校园网站要招收英文网络编辑(netwrk editr),请根据以下提示,用英语向外教主编Chris 申请这一职位。
1.关心时事(current affairs),对新闻工作(jurnalism)感兴趣;
2.有做校刊记者的工作经历;3.擅长英语,曾获英语写作竞赛一等奖。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
I'm Li Hua, a senir high schl student.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
1、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知,在大学里,郭世宇掌握了专业知识,为他的航空事业做准备。故选D。
2、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“he 'e 1 make a smth tk anther up my mind t wrk n space missins”可知是太空探索的成就鼓舞他从事了现在的职业。故选D。
3、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句以及倒数第二段的第一句可知,郭世宇出生在一个航空航天家庭,从比他先从事该行业的家人那里学会了细心和认真。因此家庭传统是他取得成就的重要因素。故选B。
4、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。在最后一段中,郭世宇说到,他的征途是星辰大海,他希望有一天太空飞行能像现在坐火车或飞机一样容易,由此可推断,他对中国的航空航天工业持乐观的态度。故选D。
5、答案：BGFDA
解析：①细节句。根据本段主旨句以及设空处上句可知,要尝试新想法,因为运气在科学发现中经常扮演重要角色,所以不要害怕尝试新的想法,我们不知道什么时候实验和运气会发生碰撞而产生重大发现。此处强调新想法的重要性,B项符合语境。
②过渡句。设空处上句提到“你可能认为科学家应该聪明、有天赋、擅长数学且一丝不苟”,设空处下句提到“当一名科学家,失败占90%,成功占10%”。G项“然而,一名优秀的科学家应该具备的一个重要品质是愿意失败”与上句构成转折关系,与下句存在顺承关系,承上启下,符合语境。
③细节句。根据设空处下句内容可知,作为竞争性领域的科学家,你需要通过拥有自己的想法并努力进一步发展它们来创造自己的机会,所以虽然我们每天提出来的想法中有一些是不好的,但许多可能会导致一个新的实验或理论。F项符合语境。
④细节句。根据本段主旨句可知,本段主要讲练习你的写作技巧,D项“创造一个适合自己的写作过程,并坚持下去”符合该段主旨,且下文的“Try t d a little writing every day”是该项中“stick t it”的具体体现。
⑤主旨句。根据2~5段开头语可知,设空处应是本段主旨句,应使用祈使句的形式。下文说到了虽然努力工作对成为一名优秀的科学家来说是必不可少的,但平衡好专业的工作和个人的休息是非常重要的,A项“保持努力工作和休息之间的平衡”符合本段主旨。
6、答案：1-5.DACBC; 6-10.DACAB; 11-15.DADDB
解析：1.根据第二段中的"after he'd dne several engineering jbs"可知,Ma最终在大学里学习电气工程。
2.根据下文提到Ma开饭店的内容可知,此处表示他想从事餐饮行业。enter在此处意为"开始从事"。
3.根据文章开头提到的"Tim Ma's parents nce pened a restaurant, which unfrtunately clsed"可知,Ma的父母曾经开过饭店,但是后来倒闭了。所以此处表示由于他们的失败(failure),他们不同意Ma的想法。
4.根据下文Ma从事餐饮行业并取得成功可知,Ma对自己的想法十分坚定(firm)。
5.根据下文中的"they knew little abut cking"可知,Ma的父母对烹饪知之甚少,所以他从父母的主要错误中吸取教训。
6.根据语境可知,在30岁那年,Ma回到学校,即烹任学校。
7.根据下文中的he cked以及"He 13 his training in cking with Chinese traditin t create new dishes"可知,Ma学习烹饪知识是为了在自己的饭店当厨师(chef)。
8.根据下文中的"because he had n repairman"可知,Ma甚至还自己维修设备。
9.根据下文提到的Ma开了第四家饭店可以看出,Ma长时间的付出终于得到了回报(paid ff)。
10.根据下文对店名的由来的介绍可以看出,这个名字对于Ma而言是特别的(special)。
11.饭店的名字Kyiersan是他将原本的家族姓氏和数字1-3的中文拼音糅合在一起得来的。数字1—3代表(represent)他的三个孩子。
12.参见上题解析。
13.此处讲述的是Ma的烹饪方法,即他将在学校接受的培训与中国传统相结合。mix"(使)混合,掺和,融合"。
14.根据上文中的"create new dishes"可知,Ma的一部分成功在于店里创造性的(creative)菜单和食物。
15.尽管Ma的成功在于大胆创新,但是他大部分的成功只是因为努力工作。
7、答案：assistant
解析：考查名词。a teaching作as的宾语,由设空处前面的不定冠词a可知应用名词assistant。teaching assistant表示“助教”。5
8、答案：defensive
解析：考查形容词。根据设空处前面的yu are being可知此处应用形容词作表语,defensive意为“自卫的”。此处表示双臂交叉着站立表明你在自我保护。
9、答案：vividly
解析：考查副词。设空处修饰过去分词described,应用副词vividly,表示“生动地”。
10、答案：finding
解析：考查名词。由设空处前的a German scientist(主语)和made(谓语)可知设空处作宾语,由前面的不定冠词a可知应填名词finding,意为“发现”。
11、答案：thinking
解析：考查名词。设空处前有形容词性物主代词yur,故此处应用名词thinking,表示“见解”。
12、答案：multiple
解析：考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰复数名词meanings,故用形容词multiple,意为“多种多样的”。
13、答案：
Dear Chris,
I'm Li Hua, a senir high schl student. Having read the advertisement that ur website is lking fr an English netwrk editr, I'm writing t apply fr this psitin.
First f all, nt nly am I enthusiastic abut current affairs, but als I take a great interest in jurnalism. What's mre, I wrked as a reprter fr ur schl newspaper last year, which will surely help me d the jb better. Mre imprtantly, I have a gd cmmand f English. I wn first prize in the English writing cmpetitin in ur schl.
I'm cnvinced that I am qualified fr the jb. Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua