所属成套资源:新高考数学三轮冲刺压轴小题提升练习 (含解析)
新高考数学三轮冲刺压轴小题提升练习专题8 等高线问题(含解析)
展开这是一份新高考数学三轮冲刺压轴小题提升练习专题8 等高线问题(含解析),共21页。
【解析】解:函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的图象如右图所示,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,故①错误;
由 SKIPIF 1 < 0 得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,故②正确;
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,由 SKIPIF 1 < 0 得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,故③正确;
又 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,故④正确.
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
2.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若存在实数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,满足 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A. SKIPIF 1 < 0 B. SKIPIF 1 < 0 C. SKIPIF 1 < 0 D. SKIPIF 1 < 0
【解析】解:作出函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的图象,
存在实数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,满足 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
可得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,即有 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,即为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
可得在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 递增,
即所求范围为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
3.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若存在实数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,满足 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A. SKIPIF 1 < 0 B. SKIPIF 1 < 0 C. SKIPIF 1 < 0 D. SKIPIF 1 < 0
【解析】解:函数的图象如图所示
其中 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 关于 SKIPIF 1 < 0 对称,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围为 SKIPIF 1 < 0
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
4.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若存在实数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,满足 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A. SKIPIF 1 < 0 B. SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 C. SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 D. SKIPIF 1 < 0
【解析】解:函数的图象如图所示
其中 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,关于 SKIPIF 1 < 0 对称,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
当且仅当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时取等号,
当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
5.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若存在实数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 、 SKIPIF 1 < 0 、 SKIPIF 1 < 0 、 SKIPIF 1 < 0 满足, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A. SKIPIF 1 < 0 B. SKIPIF 1 < 0 C. SKIPIF 1 < 0 D. SKIPIF 1 < 0
【解析】解:当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则函数的图象如图,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,关于 SKIPIF 1 < 0 对称,
SKIPIF 1 < 0
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
6.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若存在实数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 满足 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A. SKIPIF 1 < 0 B. SKIPIF 1 < 0 C. SKIPIF 1 < 0 D. SKIPIF 1 < 0
【解析】解:当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则函数的图象如图,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,关于 SKIPIF 1 < 0 对称,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
7.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若存在实数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,满足 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的值等于 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A. SKIPIF 1 < 0 B.18C. SKIPIF 1 < 0 D.9
【解析】解:当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时, SKIPIF 1 < 0
则函数的图象如图,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,关于 SKIPIF 1 < 0 对称,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
8.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有四个不同的实数根 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A. SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 B. SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 C. SKIPIF 1 < 0 D. SKIPIF 1 < 0
【解析】解:函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
若方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有四个不同的实数根 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
可得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
即有 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
9.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有四个不同的实数根,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A. SKIPIF 1 < 0 B. SKIPIF 1 < 0
C. SKIPIF 1 < 0 D. SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0
【解析】解: SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 恒成立,所以 SKIPIF 1 < 0 在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 上为增函数;
当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
由 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 为增函数,
当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 为减函数,
所以函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 上有一个最大值为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
要使方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有四个实数根,
令 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 应有两个不等根,且一个根在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,一个根在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 内.
再令 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,因为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则只需 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,即 SKIPIF 1 < 0
SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
10.设函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有四个不同的实数根 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,2,3, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A.0B. SKIPIF 1 < 0 C.1D.2
【解析】解:函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有四个不同
的实数根 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,2,3, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
画出函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的图象以及直线 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,如图所示:
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
同理可得, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
11.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若关于 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有四个不同实数解 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0
A. SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 B. SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 C. SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 D. SKIPIF 1 < 0
【解析】
解:结合 SKIPIF 1 < 0 与 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的图象可知:
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
故 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
所以 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
故 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
故选: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
12.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若存在实数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则
SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
【解析】解:作出函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的图象,
可得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
即有 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,即 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 递增,
即有 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
故答案为: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
13.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若存在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,使得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
【解析】解:作出函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的图象如图,
令 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
由图可知, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,设方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的两根为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
即 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ;
由抛物线 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的对称性,可得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
令 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,解得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 或 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
令 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,解得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
即 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
故答案为: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
14.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 是定义域为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的奇函数,且当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时, SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有六个零点,分别记为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
【解析】解:因为函数为奇函数,根据解析式作出函数在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 上的图象如图:
由图可知 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,即 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,所以是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
因为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,故 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,即 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0
故 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
根据对勾函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 上单调减,在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 上单调增,
故而 SKIPIF 1 < 0 在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 上单调减,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
故答案为: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
15.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的图象与 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的图象有 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 四个不同的交点,交点横坐标为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,满足 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
【解析】解:由题意可知 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的图象,
根据图象可得 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,即 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ;
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
故答案为: SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
16.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有四个不等实根 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 8 .
【解析】
解:由题意可知: SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0
故答案为:8.
17.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有四个不同的零点 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 且满足 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
【解析】解:作出 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的函数图象如图所示:
由图象可知 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
令 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
令 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 上单调递增,
又 SKIPIF 1 < 0 (4) SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
SKIPIF 1 < 0 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
故答案为: SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
18.已知函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,若函数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 存在4个不同的零点 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则实数 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 的取值范围是 .
【解析】解:作出 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的函数图象如图所示:
由图象可知当 SKIPIF 1 < 0 时,方程 SKIPIF 1 < 0 有4个解,
设 SKIPIF 1 < 0 的4个零点从小到大为 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,且 SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
设 SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,则 SKIPIF 1 < 0 在 SKIPIF 1 < 0 上单调递增,
又 SKIPIF 1 < 0 (3) SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 (5) SKIPIF 1 < 0 ,
SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
即 SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
故答案为: SKIPIF 1 < 0 , SKIPIF 1 < 0 .
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