高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures课后复习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures课后复习题，共14页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第二单元过关检测(B卷)
第一部分　听力
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A popular TV host has reportedly invested about US $740,000 in a project to research,preserve and promote the Hunan provincial dialect(方言).Chinese TV presenters are required to speak Mandarin,or Putonghua,as part of their work,but should dialects be allowed on air?
Bcnu(China):TV and radio stations have the right to decide whether dialects or Mandarin will be used in their programmes.The popularity of some dialects in some areas will not challenge the leading role of Mandarin in the whole country.
RickN(US):TV and radio broadcasters should take the lead in popularizing Mandarin.To require hosts to speak standard Mandarin is not to oppress(压制) dialects,but it only aims to restrict irresponsible use of language.I think it is unprofessional for some hosts particularly to imitate the pronunciation of dialects.
Cooper(UK):Dialects are an important part of local culture and now many kids even don’t know how to speak their dialects because of the main use of Mandarin around them.It would be a pity if future generations were unable to understand the local dialects.It would be a terrible break in cultural traditions.
Steve(France):To attract viewers or make more money,some hosts casually use dialects.Demanding TV and radio programmes use Mandarin is a move to limit strange and irresponsible use of language,whether it is Mandarin or other dialects.In this way,the decision is also a form of protection for dialects.Hearing standard Mandarin on TV and radio programmes is also a basic right of audiences around the country.
21.Why does the author mention a popular TV host?
A.To make clear the author’s viewpoint.
B.To introduce the topic to be discussed.
C.To set an example for people to follow.
D.To show dialects are likely to disappear.
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,本文作者围绕“方言是否应该出现在播放的节目中”这一话题给出了来自不同国家的人的观点,由此可推知,作者提及一个受欢迎的主持人是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。故选B项。
22.What affects dialects negatively according to Steve?
A.Mass media’s using dialects casually.
B.Improper pronunciation of dialects.
C.Restrictions on speaking dialects publicly.
D.Children’s losing interest in dialects.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,Steve认为大众媒体对方言的随意使用对方言有消极的影响。故选A项。
23.Who favours dialects on air?
A.Bcnu and Steve.　　　　 B.Bcnu and Cooper.
C.Rick N and Steve. D.Rick N and Cooper.
答案:B
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段和第四段可知,来自中国的Bcnu和来自英国的Cooper是赞同在播放的节目中使用方言的,故选B项。
B
The “melting pot” in American cuisine(烹饪法) is a myth,not terribly unlike the idea of a melting pot of American culture,notes chef Dan Barber.“Most cultures don’t think about their cuisine in such monolithic(统一的) terms,” he says.“French,Mexican,Chinese,and Italian cuisines each consist of dozens of distinct regional foods.And I think ‘American’ cuisine is moving in the same direction,becoming more localised,not globalised.”
American cuisine is shaped by the natural wealth of the country.Having never faced agricultural hardship,Americans don’t have to rely on rotating crops,such as the Japanese,whose food culture now showcases buckwheat(荞麦) alongside rice,or the Indians,or the French and Italians,who feature beans alongside wheat.“That kind of negotiation with the land forced people to incorporate(吸收) those crops in to the culture,” says Barber.And so eating soba noodles becomes part of what it means to be Japanese,and eating beans becomes part of what it means to be French.
So if what we eat is what we are,what are Americans?Well,meat.“If Americans have any unifying food identity,I would say we are a mostly white meat culture,” says Barber.“The protein-centric dinner plate,whether you’re talking about a boneless chicken breast,or a 16-ounce steak,as an everyday expectation is something that America really created,and now exports to the rest of the world.”
Every single culture and religion uses food as part of their celebrations,says Ellen Gustafson,co-founder of the FEED Project and the 30 Project,which aims to deal with both hunger and overweight issues globally.“The celebratory nature of food is universal.Every season,every harvest,and every holiday has its own food,and this is true in America as well.It helps define us.”
24.According to the first paragraph,American cuisine 　　　. 
A.consists of varieties of regional foods
B.is becoming more and more globalised
C.has absorbed a lot from Chinese cuisine
D.is not as unified as its culture
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。由文章第一段最后两句得知,厨师丹说,各国的菜肴如:法国、墨西哥、中国和意大利的都包括自己的区域性食物,美国的菜肴发展方向也是一样的,所以美国的菜肴也包含了多种当地的特色,故选A项。
25.What has made American cuisine different from other cuisines according to the article?
A.Relying on rotating crops.
B.The difficulty of planting crops.
C.The US’ melting pot culture.
D.The US’ agricultural wealth.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据文中“Americancuisineisshapedbythenaturalwealthofthecountry.”可知,美国的菜肴是由国家丰富的自然资源塑造的,所以,美国农业的富足使美国菜肴和其他菜肴不同。故选D项。
26.We can conclude from the article that 　　　has become part of what it means to be Americans. 
A.eating rice B.eating beans
C.eating white meat D.eating soba noodles
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据文中“Soifwhatweeatiswhatweare,whatareAmericans?Well,meat.‘IfAmericanshaveanyunifyingfoodidentity,Iwouldsayweareamostlywhitemeatculture,’saysBarber.”可知,肉食文化是美国饮食文化的一部分,故选C项。
27.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A.American cuisine is healthier than other cuisines.
B.American cuisine hasn’t changed much over time.
C.Americans use food as part of their celebrations.
D.Americans are quite proud of their own cuisine.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据文中“Thecelebratorynatureoffoodisuniversal.Everyseason,everyharvest,andeveryholidayhasitsownfood,andthisistrueinAmericaaswell.Ithelpsdefineus.”可知,用本民族的食物来庆祝节日是世界通用的。每个季节、每个丰收、每个节日都有自己的食物,美国也不会例外,可知美国使用食物作为庆祝的一部分。故选C项。
C
Any time we have to wait,many of us get nervous.Our minds are filled with all kinds of what-ifs.What if the results were bad?What if I failed the final?We try to focus on our work,but the bad thoughts surround us like a pack of wolves.We try to relax,but we just feel too anxious.
Many circumstances in our lives come with a waiting period,which can trigger our anxiety.We probably know that worry isn’t very helpful and that it only hurts our health.But we also probably can’t stop.Below are four suggestions for reducing worry while we wait.
Take deep breaths.Sit in a comfortable position with eyes closed.Breathe in,count to five,and then breathe out slowly.Repeat as often as you need.Remember that our breath is available to us at any time.Even one deep breath can help.
Recite(背诵) helpful words.Come up with words of encouragement that you can tell yourself.For example,“I am strong and brave and can get through this.”“I believe in myself and my abilities.”“I am deserving.”
Try this exercise.Put your hands on the heart or stomach,or cup the face.Acknowledge the stressful situation by saying,“This is a moment of suffering.” Then say,“Everyone experiences suffering,” which helps to ease what you’re going through.Finally,say,“May I be peaceful.”
Lead a mindful life.Staying present-focused is the key to managing anxiety.One strategy is to give tasks your full attention.For example,if you are doing the dishes,notice how your hands feel touching the sponge(海绵),notice the smell of the soap,focus on the sound the water makes as it hits each dish,etc.
28.The underlined word “trigger” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by “　　　”. 
A.share B.ease
C.settle D.cause
答案:D
解析:词义猜测题。由第一段的第一句可知,在等待时,大多数人会产生焦虑,由第二段的最后一句可知,下文就如何减轻等待时的焦虑提出了建议。由此可推知,此处是说等待引起(cause)焦虑。
29.What preparation should we make before taking deep breaths?
A.Putting the hand on the heart.
B.Being seated at ease with eyes shut.
C.Counting numbers from one to five.
D.Breathing out several times to relax.
答案:B
解析:细节理解题。由第三段的第二句可知,做深呼吸之前,先要坐舒服、闭上眼睛。
30.The author suggests saying some words like “I am deserving” to 　　　. 
A.inspire ourselves B.gather our strength
C.make us keep energetic D.share anxiety with others
答案:A
解析:推理判断题。由第四段的前两句可知,作者建议说一些鼓励的话。故选A项。
31.What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?
A.Keeping yourself busy with daily life.
B.Doing as much washing as possible.
C.Putting your heart into what you do.
D.Doing everything with interest.
答案:C
解析:推理判断题。由最后一段的“Stayingpresent-focused”和“Onestrategyistogivetasksyourfullattention.”可推知,作者建议全神贯注地去做事,以减轻焦虑。
D
Lovethewayyouwalk
Listen carefully to the footsteps,and you can work out who is walking about.The features commonly used to identify people are faces and fingerprints.But the way they walk is also a giveaway.
Researchers have used video cameras and computers to analyse people’s gaits(步法).But translating such knowledge into a practical identification system can be tricky.Cameras are often visible,require good lighting and may have their view blocked by other people.A team led by Dr Ozanyan and Dr Scully have been looking for a better way to recognise gait.Their answer:pressure-sensitive mats.
Such mats are nothing new.They have been part of security systems.But Dr Ozanyan and Dr Scully use a complicated version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across it.The researchers turned to an artificial-intelligence system to recognise such patterns.In a study in 2018,they tested the system on a database of footsteps of 127 people.They found its error rate in identifying who was who was mere 0.7%.And Scully says even without a database of footsteps,the system can determine someone’s sex and a subject’s age.
One application of the mat-based gait-recognition system might be in health care,particularly for the elderly.A mat placed in a nursing home or an old person’s own residence could monitor changes in an individual’s gait that indicates certain illnesses.That would provide early warning of someone being at greater risk of falling over.Gait analysis might also be used as a security measure in the workplace,monitoring access to restricted areas,such as parts of military bases,server farms or laboratories dealing with dangerous materials.Perhaps the most interesting use of the mats,though,would be in public places,such as airports.
32.What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2?
A.Research equipment. B.Research findings.
C.Research assumption. D.Research background.
答案:D
解析:主旨大意题。第二段主要讲的是压力敏感垫的研究背景,是为了更好的识别步法。故选D项。
33.What is the mat used for?
A.Collecting data. B.Ensuring safety.
C.Determining age. D.Analysing pressure.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段前三句可知,Ozanyan 和 Scully使用了这个垫子的复杂的版本,可以记录当人们走过时施加在不同地方的压力。由此可推断,他们使用这个垫子的目的是为了收集人们走过时产生压力的数据。故选A项。
34.What might the gait-recognition system be applied to?
A.Monitoring security work progress.
B.Detecting potential health problems.
C.Keeping track of travelling frequency.
D.Warning passengers of possible dangers.
答案:B
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句和第三句可知,步法识别系统的一个应用可能是在医疗保健领域,尤其是对老年人来说。它将为面临更大跌倒风险的人提供早期预警。由此可推断出,步法识别系统可应用于检查潜在的健康问题。故选B项。
35.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.Compare and educate.
B.Examine and assess.
C.Discuss and persuade.
D.Explain and inform.
答案:D
解析:推理判断题。浏览全文可推断出,文章的主要目的是解释压力敏感垫并告知步法识别系统的用途,Explainandinform意为“解释和告知”,符合句意,故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Culture means any human behaviour that is learned in human society.All of the meaningful parts of a culture are passed on to different generations through tradition or social learning.　36　 Culture exists in agricultural as well as industrialised societies.Culture is necessary for the survival and existence of human beings.Practically everything humans know,think,value,feel,and do is learned through taking part in a sociocultural system.　37　 Here is one of the cases of children growing up apart from human society.In the province of Midnapore in India,the director of a children’s home was told by local villagers that there were “ghost” in the forest.Upon looking into the case,the director found that two children,one about eight years old and the other about six years old,appeared to have been living with a pack of wolves in the forest.　38　 In his diary,the director describes his first view of Kamala (as the older child was named) and Amala (the name given to the younger child).Kamala was a terrible-looking being—the head,a big ball of something covering the shoulders.　39　 Their eyes were bright and sharp,unlike human eyes.They were very fond of raw meat and raw milk.Gradually,as they got stronger,they began going on all fours,and afterwards began to run on all fours,just like squirrels.Children learn human language in the same way they learn other kinds of human behaviour by taking part in a cultural community.　40　 
A.Culture refers only to the high art and classical music of a particular society.
B.This statement is well supported by some well-written cases.
C.Close at its heels there came another terrible creature exactly like the first,but smaller in size.
D.From this viewpoint,all human groups have a culture.
E.These children were the ghosts described by the local people.
F.They learn a certain human language as well as certain kinds of human behaviour through their membership in a certain cultural community.
G.Human beings can only develop human abilities by the local people.
答案:36~40 DBECF
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I believe even the smartest people have to work hard to achieve success.People make themselves into winners by their own 　41　. 
Many years ago,I took the head 　42　 job at a school in Baxley,Georgia.It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the 　43　 team at the end of spring practice.The old team had no coach,and they didn’t even practice to 　44　 the game,but to my disappointment we were defeated.Thinking hard about it,I came to 　45　 that I had to change my 　46　 towards their ability and potential. 
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 　47　.Most importantly,I began to treat them like 　48　.That summer vacation,we met every day and 　49　 passing and kicking the football. 
Six months after our defeat,we won our first game and our second,and continued to 　50　.Finally,we faced the number one team in Georgia.I felt that it would be a 　51　 for us even if we lost the game.But my boys beat them,giving me the greatest 　52　 of my life! 
From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 　53　 the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers,I pushed and 　54　 them.I helped them to see themselves 　55　,and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made,not born. 
41.A.tests B.luck
C.efforts D.nature
答案:C
解析:人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家。空前一句说“我”相信即使是最聪明的人也要努力工作才能获得成功,因此此处是说人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家,故C项正确。
42.A.operating B.editing
C.consulting D.coaching
答案:D
解析:很多年前,“我”在佐治亚州巴克斯利的一所学校担任主教练。根据空后的“Theoldteamhadnocoach”(老队没有教练)可知,“我”担任球队的主教练一职,故D项正确。
43.A.new B.excellent
C.strong D.successful
答案:A
解析:在春季训练结束时,学校的老队和新队比赛是一个传统。根据空后的“Theoldteamhadnocoach”(老队没有教练)可知此处指“新队”,故A项正确。
44.A.cheer for B.prepare for
C.help with D.finish with
答案:B
解析:老队没有教练,他们甚至没有为准备比赛而训练,但令“我”失望的是“我”们竟然输了。故B项正确。
45.A.realise B.claim
C.permit D.demand
答案:A
解析:仔细想想,“我”最终意识到“我”必须改变对“我”的球员能力和潜力的态度。空后的“thatIhadtochangemy...towardstheirabilityandpotential.”是“我”通过“我”带领的球队输给一支没有主教练的老队一事意识到的内容,故A项正确。
46.A.decision B.attitude
C.conclusion D.intention
答案:B
解析:根据空后的“towardstheirabilityandpotential”可知此处指“对‘我’的球员能力和潜力的态度”,故B项正确。
47.A.pride B.culture
C.fortune D.relationship
答案:A
解析:“我”开始尽“我”所能帮助他们建立一点自豪感。空后一句说“我”开始像对待获胜者一样对待他们,因此“我”想帮助他们建立自豪感,故A项正确。
48.A.leaders B.partners
C.winners D.learners
答案:C
解析:最重要的是,“我”开始像对待获胜者一样对待他们。虽然输掉了比赛,但“我”仍把他们看成获胜者,以此帮助他们建立自豪感,故C项正确。
49.A.risked B.missed
C.considered D.practiced
答案:D
解析:那个暑假,“我”们每天见面,练习传接球。故D项正确。
50.A.expand B.improve
C.relax D.defend
答案:B
解析:空前一句说失利六个月后,“我”们赢得了第一场和第二场比赛,这说明我们进步了,故B项正确。
51.A.shame B.burden
C.victory D.favour
答案:C
解析:空前一句说“我”们面对的是佐治亚州的头号球队,因此“我”觉得即使“我”们输了这场比赛对“我”们来说也是一场胜利,故C项正确。
52.A.chance B.joy
C.concern D.offer
答案:B
解析:“我”的孩子们击败了佐治亚州的头号球队,作为主教练的“我”自然是非常高兴,故B项正确。
53.A.surprise B.relate
C.interest D.affect
答案:D
解析:根据上文内容可知,“我”执教的球队竟然输给了一个没有教练的队伍,失利后,“我”没有把孩子们看作失败者,而是鼓励他们,最后他们击败了佐治亚州的头号球队,这说明领导者的态度能够影响团队的其他成员,故D项正确。
54.A.encouraged B.observed
C.protected D.impressed
答案:A
解析:根据上文内容及空前的“Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushed”可知,比赛失利后,“我”没有把孩子们看作失败者,而是鼓励他们,故A项正确。
55.A.naturally B.individually
C.calmly D.differently
答案:D
解析:根据上文内容可知,比赛失利后,“我”没有把孩子们看作失败者,而是把他们看作获胜者,也就是帮助他们用不同的眼光看待自己,故D项正确。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many different taboos(禁忌) around the world.A taboo is a social action that is not 56.　　　　　　(allow).Almost every culture in the world has 57.　　　　　　(it) own taboos.When you meet people from different cultures,it is important 58.　　　　　　　　　　(understand) what you can and cannot do.If we are not aware 59.　　　　　　 these differences,some unusual 60.(thing) might happen.For instance,in China,it 61.　　　　　　(be) rude to put the chopsticks into a bowl of rice straightly as it is often done for the dead.If you visit Nepal,you will find Nepalese often greet each other with the hands pressed together instead of shaking hands,62.　　　　　　 in North America and the UK,people greet one another by 63.　　　　　　(shake) hands.If you will do business with a South American,it seems 64.　　　　　　　(impolitely) to be dressed in the light colours.What about Japanese?They dislike the lotus and do not give it as 65.　　　　　　 gift to Japanese because they regard it as the mourning flower.While these different customs might seem strange to you,remember that what you consider normal probably seems just as unusual to others. 
答案:56.allowed　57.its　58.to understand　59.of 60.things　61.is　62.while　63.shaking　64.impolite　65.a
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是高二学生李华,得知美国学生Tom作为交换生下个月将到你班学习。请你根据以下要点给Tom写一封信。
1.表示欢迎;
2.简要介绍你的班级及课程设置的情况;
3.希望Tom能介绍一些西方文化及校园生活。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头、结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I’m Li Hua,a Senior Two student from Sinan Senior High School.Welcome to our class as an exchange student.
  
  
  
  
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear Tom, 
I’m Li Hua,a Senior Two student from Sinan Senior High School.Welcome to our class as an exchange student.To make your stay more comfortable,I’d like to introduce some information to you. 
Our class consists of 50 students.And it has a harmonious study atmosphere,where students and teachers are friendly and have a good relationship.Besides,there are several subjects you can choose from,such as Chinese,chemistry and so on.
I sincerely wish you could introduce some western cultures and your school life,which we Chinese students are interested in.In that case,we’ll have a better understanding of each other,which helps to improve our friendship.
Looking forward to your coming. 
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
When I was ten years old,I lived with my family in a small house in rural South Jersey.I often accompanied my mother to the A&P to buy groceries.Without a car,we walked,and I would help her carry the bags.
My mother had to shop very carefully,as she was a waitress,and her salary barely sustained (勉强维持)us.One day,while she was weighing prices,a promotional display for the WorldBookEncyclopedia(《百科全书》) caught my eye.The volumes were beautifully cream-coloured.Volume Ⅰ was ninety-nine cents with a ten-dollar purchase.
All I could think of while shopping was the book.I stood at the register (收银台)with my mother,holding my breath as the cashier rang up the items.It came to over eleven dollars.My mother produced a five,some singles,and a handful of change.As she was counting out the money,I somehow found the courage to ask for the Encyclopedia.“Could we get one?” I said,showing her the display.“It’s only ninety-nine cents.”
I did not understand my mother’s increasing anxiety; she did not have enough change and had to sacrifice a large can of peas to pay the amount.“Not now,Patricia,”she said sternly.“Today is not a good day.”I packed the groceries and followed her home,upset.
The next Saturday,my mother gave me a dollar and sent me to the A&P alone.Two quarts of milk and a loaf of bread—that’s what a dollar in 1957.I went straight to the World Book display.There was only one first volume left,which I placed in my cart (购物车).I didn’t need a cart,but took one so I could read as I went up and down the aisles.A lot of time went by and I knew I had to leave,but I couldn’t bear to part with the book.With no detective in sight,I,impulsively (冲动地),put it inside my shirt and zipped up my jacket.I was a tall,skinny kid,and I am certain the shape of the book was obvious.
Myheartbeatingrapidly,Iheadedfortheregister.
  
  
  
  
Backhome,ItoldmymotherwhatIhadpromisedthedetective. 
  
  
  
  
参考范文
Myheartbeatingrapidly,Iheadedfortheregister. I paid the dollar for the three items and was about to leave when I felt a heavy tap on my shoulder.It was a big detective.“You stole something.You will be searched,” he announced.Horrified,I slid the book out from inside the shirt and handed it over.“An encyclopedia?” he asked,somewhat surprised.“Yes,” I whispered,trembling.“Why didn’t you ask your parents to purchase it?”“I did,but they didn’t have the money.” With a sigh,he made me promise to tell my parents about my wrongdoing and then let me leave.
Backhome,ItoldmymotherwhatIhadpromisedthedetective.Unexpectedly,she didn’t explode as usual.She fell silent,looking extremely anxious.Consumed with guilt,I gathered my courage,apologised and promised that it would never happen again.“All will be OK!” said my mother,wrapping me in her arms.Then she told me that she would go to the A&P to tell the detective I had admitted and that I should play outside.Hours later,when I was back home,I noticed a bag with my name on it.I opened it and packed inside was the WorldBookEncyclopedia,volume Ⅰ.