贵州省遵义市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末质量监测试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份贵州省遵义市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末质量监测试题（Word版附解析），共22页。

遵义市2022～2023学年度第二学期期末质量监测
高二英语
（满分：150分，时间：120分钟）
注意事项：
1.考试开始前，请用黑色签字笔将答题卡上的姓名，班级，考号填写清楚，并在相应位置粘贴条形码。
2.客观题答题时，请用2B铅笔答题，若需改动，请用橡皮轻轻擦拭干净后再选涂其它选项；主观题答题时，请用黑色签字笔在答题卡相应的位置答题；在规定区域以外的答题不给分；在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did Jane do in the holiday?
A. She rode a horse. B. She swam. C. She went camping.
2. Why did David come home late?
A. Because he went to the library.
B. Because he worked after school.
C. Because he enjoyed a soccer game.
3. What does the man need?
A. A sweater. B. A jacket. C. A shirt.
4. Which train will the man take?
A. The 11:30 pm one. B. The 12:45 pm one. C. The 2:00 pm one.
5. What are the man and the woman talking about?
A. A cinema. B. A film. C. An actor.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What might the woman be?
A. A friend of Andy’s. B. A doctor in the hospital. C. A nurse attending Andy.
7. What will the woman probably do next?
A. Wash the fruit. B. Stay with the man. C. Leave for work.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What was the lecture about?
A. Seeking jobs. B. Telling jokes. C. Being patient.
9. What is the man’s dream?
A. To work near home.
B. To be self-employed.
C. To travel without working.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is Amy doing for Sally’s birthday?
A. Making the cake.
B. Calling Sally’s friends.
C. Booking a party room.
11. What have James and Jane prepared?
A. A dinner at a restaurant. B. A pair of earrings. C. Some balloons.
12 What will Tom do this time?
A. Plan the music. B. Bring some juice. C. Work in the supermarket.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13 What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Colleagues. C. Host and interviewee.
14. What grade will Sally be in next year?
A. Grade 2. B. Grade 3. C. Grade 4.
15. What does Sally Brown probably major in?
A. Medical science. B. Foreign language. C. Education.
16. What advice did Sally give for studying abroad?
A. Having a lot of subjects.
B. Learning a local language.
C. Studying the education system.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the man in charge of?
A. The park management. B. The park facilities. C. The map design.
18. Where are the gates?
A. In the north and south. B. In the west and south. C. In the west and east.
19 Where is the cafe?
A. Near the playground.
B. Near the park center.
C. Near the old museum.
20. What have happened to the gardens?
A. They remain the same.
B. They have become lakes.
C. They have been replanted.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
This year's Autumn Show promises both beautiful gardening plant displays and outstanding produce. Garden inspiration for both expert and occasional gardener will feature in abundance. Visitors to the show can also enjoy Newby Hall's award winning gardens, great garden shopping, and impressive plant art equipment within Newby Hall.
Dates: 15-17(Friday-Sunday)September 2023
Location: Newby Hall, Ripon, North Yorkshire
Explore the local area
For those wishing to explore the many attractions of North Yorkshire over a longer period, why not stay local to the show?
A wide range of accommodation is available throughout the area. Harrogate, Boroughbridge and Ripon are all within easy driving distance to the event, offering hotels, B&B's, and campsites.
Newby Hall itself will be offering camping for visitors during the show, located in the heart of this area.
Public Transport
Bus:
The event is located close to the city of Ripon, which is serviced by the No. 36 bus, running directly between Leeds, Harrogate and Ripon.(Please note, No.36 does not run on weekends.)
There are also regular buses on the No.22 service from York.(Please note, No.22 does not run on Sundays.)
There will also be a direct shuttle bus offering visitors direct transportation from Harrogate Bus Station to the show itself.
Train:
The closest train station to Newby Hall is in Harrogate which has good connections with many major national network routes.(Please note, the train to Newby Hall does not run on Sundays.)
To find out more information about the show and book, click here.
1. What can visitors do in the local area?
A. Stay in free hotels. B. Explore various attractions.
C. Camp in distant places. D. Enter gardening competitions.
2. How can visitors go to the show from Harrogate on Sunday?
A. On a No.36 bus. B. On a No.22 bus.
C. On a direct shuttle bus. D. On a train to Newby Hall.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. A website.
C. A travel plan. D. An art magazine.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了今年秋季展览会的内容和活动安排。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Explore the local area部分“For those wishing to explore the many attractions of North Yorkshire over a longer period, why not stay local to the show?(对于那些希望在更长时间内探索北约克郡众多景点的人来说，为什么不留在当地呢？）”可知，游客在当地可以探索各种景点。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bus部分“There will also be a direct shuttle bus offering visitors direct transportation from Harrogate Bus Station to the show itself.(还将有一辆直达穿梭巴士，为游客提供从哈罗盖特汽车站到展览现场的直接交通服务。）”可知，周日从哈罗盖特来的游客可以乘坐直达穿梭巴士去看演出。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“To find out more information about the show and book, click here.(欲了解更多有关展览和书籍的信息，请点击这里。)”可推断，这篇短文可能取自一个网站。故选B。
B
Born in Ryazan, Russia, the hometown of Russian poet Sergei Yesenin, Anastasia Podareva seems to be destined for a similar career.
Podareva, 28, has loved poetry since she was a girl, when her father would introduce her to works by great Russian poets such as Alexander Pushkin and, of course, Yesenin. Growing up, she wrote many poems in both Russian and English. After she came to China to study in 2013, the world of Chinese poetry opened up before her.
She soon gave herself a poetic Chinese name, Tang Xilan, with “tang” referring to the Tang Dynasty (618-907), when Chinese poetry entered a golden age, and both “xi” and “lan” are characters taken from The Book of Songs, the earliest collection of Chinese poetry. Her name means an orchid (兰花) that blooms in the morning.
“One thing that strikes me in reading and writing Chinese poetry is the power of the language-it’s melodious (悦耳的) and rhythmic,” says Podareva in My China Surprise, a video series produced by 21st Century.
Over the past decade, Podareva has won awards in multiple poetry writing competitions, published her own Chinese poetry collections, and participated in Chinese Poetry Conference, one of the leading poetry-themed TV programs in China. On top of that, her most unforgettable memory is that one of her poems was turned into a song. And even better: She sang it herself. The poem, titled If, was written in early of 2020 at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.
After witnessing China’s unity as it faced the pandemic, Podareva felt as one with the Chinese people. “I wanted to create something positive to help inspire and encourage people in times of difficulty,” she says. “Some people may praise China in a very straightforward way, but I prefer to express my feelings about the country through different styles of poems.”
4. What can we learn about Podareva before she came to China?
A. She fell in love with poetry.
B. She learned from Yesenin in person.
C. She became a famous poet in Russia.
D. She translated Russian poems into English.
5. Why did Podareva name herself “Tang Xilan”?
A. It dates from the Song Dynasty. B. It showcases her success in China.
C. It relates to the Chinese poetry. D. It has beautiful rhythm and melodies.
6. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. Podareva’s poetry journey in China. B. Podareva’s amazing talent in singing.
C. Podareva’s fight against the pandemic. D. Podareva’s impression of Chinese poetry.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. People have trouble in gaining inspiration.
B. Podareva has deep love for Chinese people.
C. Poetry is the best form of showing emotions.
D. China’s unity was challenged by the pandemic.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了俄罗斯诗人 Anastasia Podareva的背景和她对中国诗歌的热爱。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Podareva, 28, has loved poetry since she was a girl, when her father would introduce her to works by great Russian poets such as Alexander Pushkin and, of course, Yesenin. Growing up, she wrote many poems in both Russian and English.(28岁的 Podareva从小就喜欢诗歌，那时她的父亲会向她介绍伟大的俄罗斯诗人的作品，比如亚历山大·普希金，当然还有叶赛宁。长大后，她用俄语和英语写了许多诗)”可知，在来中国之前，Podareva就爱上了诗歌。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She soon gave herself a poetic Chinese name, Tang Xilan, with “tang” referring to the Tang Dynasty (618-907), when Chinese poetry entered a golden age, and both “xi” and “lan” are characters taken from The Book of Songs, the earliest collection of Chinese poetry. Her name means an orchid (兰花) that blooms in the morning.(她很快就给自己起了一个富有诗意的中文名字，唐熙兰，“唐”指的是唐朝（618-907）当时中国诗歌进入了一个黄金时代，“熙”和”兰”都取自中国最早的诗歌总集《诗经》。她的名字的意思是早上开花的兰花)”可推知，Podareva称自己为“唐熙兰”，因为它与中国诗歌有关。故选C。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第五段 “Over the past decade, Podareva has won awards in multiple poetry writing competitions, published her own Chinese poetry collections, and participated in Chinese Poetry Conference, one of the leading poetry-themed TV programs in China. On top of that, her most unforgettable memory is that one of her poems was turned into a song. And even better: She sang it herself. The poem, titled If, was written in early of 2020 at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. (在过去的十年里，Podareva在多个诗歌写作比赛中获奖，出版了自己的中文诗集，并参加了中国诗歌主题电视节目之一的中国诗歌大会。除此之外，她最难忘的记忆是她的一首诗被改编成了一首歌。更棒的是：她自己唱的。这首名为《如果》的诗写于2020年初的新冠肺炎疫情)”可知，第五段主要讲Podareva在中国的诗歌之旅。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“After witnessing China’s unity as it faced the pandemic, Podareva felt as one with the Chinese people. “I wanted to create something positive to help inspire and encourage people in times of difficulty,” she says. “Some people may praise China in a very straightforward way, but I prefer to express my feelings about the country through different styles of poems.”(在目睹了中国面对疫情时的团结之后，Podareva感到与中国人民是一体的。“我想创造一些积极的东西，在困难的时候帮助激励和鼓励人们，”她说。“有些人可能会以非常直白的方式赞美中国，但我更喜欢通过不同风格的诗歌来表达我对这个国家的感受。”)”可推知， Podareva 对中国人民有着深厚的感情。故选B。
C
Environmental groups have long criticized the private jets(喷气式飞机) for being a large contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions, and last week, environmentalists made headlines by interrupting a private jet trade show in Switzerland.
Private jets often cover shorter distances than commercial ones. They are generally less efficient(高效的) and their emissions per passenger are much higher. According to data from European non-profit Transport and Environment, private jets can be 5 to 14 times more polluting than commercial planes, and 50 times more polluting than trains. Research made by Greenpeace showed that private jets in Europe alone emitted 3.39 million metric tons of CO2 in 2022, nearly equal to the emissions from 753,000 gas-powered cars in the US driven for a year.
But experts say the private aviation(航空) industry can still play a role in the global fight against climate change, and some in the industry are looking at creative ways to diminish its environmental impact.
As a member of the International Air Transport Association(IATA), along with other major commercial airlines, Dubai-based private aviation company Jetex launched the 2050 Project: the zero carbon emissions.
“Jetex is always thinking about how to cooperate with everyone to deal with climate change,” said Dr. Suzanne, a professor of aviation at the University of Waterloo. “And now it is working on changing all of its locations into fully green ones in the future. Once it succeeds, it will offer a new approach to the environmental protection.”
Through a partnership with oil company Neste, in 2021 Jetex started offering sustainable aviation fuels(SAF), made from renewable waste, to passengers at its Helsinki Airport. That same year at its Paris Le-Bourget Airport, it began offering SAF produced by French company TotalEnergies, made from used cooking oil. A limited supply of SAF means it isn’t available at every airport, but the company says it wants to make SAF a fuel option to its travelers across all its locations worldwide.
8. What do we know about private jets according to the first two paragraphs?
A. They enjoy great popularity.
B. They charge passengers more.
C. They give off more carbon dioxide.
D. They travel farther than commercial planes.
9. What does the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Expand. B. Present. C. Overlook. D. Reduce.
10. What is Dr. Suzanne’s attitude to the “2050 Project”?
A. Indifferent. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Supportive.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Private Jets’ Green Path. B. The Birth of SAF.
C. The Future of Commercial Planes. D. Jetex’s Cooperation with Others.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了私人飞机对全球二氧化碳排放的贡献以及环保组织对其的批评。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Environmental groups have long criticized the private jets(喷气式飞机) for being a large contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions, and last week, environmentalists made headlines by interrupting a private jet trade show in Switzerland. (环保组织长期以来一直批评私人飞机是全球二氧化碳排放的主要来源，上周，环保人士因中断瑞士的私人飞机贸易展而成为头条新闻。)”可知，私人飞机释放出更多的二氧化碳。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词前半句“But experts say the private aviation(航空) industry can still play a role in the global fight against climate change, (但专家表示，私营航空业仍然可以在全球应对气候变化的斗争中发挥作用，)”可知，私营航空业的一些人正在寻找创造性的方法来减少其对环境的影响。diminish的意思是“减少”。A. Expand.扩展；B. Present.赠与；C. Overlook.忽略；D. Reduce.减少。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Jetex is always thinking about how to cooperate with everyone to deal with climate change,” said Dr. Suzanne, a professor of aviation at the University of Waterloo. “And now it is working on changing all of its locations into fully green ones in the future. Once it succeeds, it will offer a new approach to the environmental protection.”(“Jetex 总是在思考如何与所有人合作应对气候变化，”滑铁卢大学航空学教授苏珊娜博士说。“现在，该公司正致力于在未来将所有的办公场所都改造成完全绿色的场所。一旦成功，它将为环境保护提供一种新的途径。”)”可知，苏珊娜博士对“2050项目”持支持态度。A. Indifferent.不在乎的；B. Carefree.无忧无虑的；C. Tolerant.忍受的；D. Supportive.支持的。故选 D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Environmental groups have long criticized the private jets(喷气式飞机) for being a large contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions, and last week, environmentalists made headlines by interrupting a private jet trade show in Switzerland.(环保组织长期以来一直批评私人飞机是全球二氧化碳排放的主要来源。上周，环保人士打断了在瑞士举行的私人飞机贸易展，成为头条新闻。)”和倒数第二段““Jetex is always thinking about how to cooperate with everyone to deal with climate change,” said Dr. Suzanne, a professor of aviation at the University of Waterloo. “And now it is working on changing all of its locations into fully green ones in the future. Once it succeeds, it will offer a new approach to the environmental protection.”(“Jetex 总是在思考如何与所有人合作应对气候变化，”滑铁卢大学航空学教授苏珊娜博士说。“现在，该公司正致力于在未来将所有的办公场所都改造成完全绿色的场所。一旦成功，它将为环境保护提供一种新的途径。”)”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了私人飞机对全球二氧化碳排放的贡献以及环保组织对其的批评。因此本文的最佳标题是A Private Jets’ Green Path (私人飞机的绿色通道）。故选A。
D
Thirsty or stressed plants do not suffer in silence. Instead, they make high-pitched(尖锐的) sounds, according to a study published in the journal Cell.
The reason why you have probably never heard the plants’ sounds is that most humans are only able to hear sounds as high as 20 kilohertz (kHz), but the plants made sounds mostly between 40 and 80 kHz, Lilach Hadany, a co-author of the study at Tel Aviv University, tells Business Insider’s Marianne Guenot.
Plants, obviously, do not have organs to make sounds. Lilach says, the present popular theory on how they make noises centers on plants’ xylem(木质部), the tubes that transport water from their roots to their stems(根茎) and leaves. In the process of transporting, when an air bubble(气泡) forms or breaks in the xylem, it might make a little noise; bubbles are more likely to form when a plant is suffering from drought. But the exact process requires further study, Lilach explains.
To listen in to plants, Lilach and her co-workers placed tobacco and tomato plants in small boxes equipped with microphones. First, they stopped providing water to some plants in the boxes and cut the stems of others. Then, the microphones were used to pick up any noises made by the plants even though they couldn’t hear them. Researchers found that the sounds did show the specific types of stresses plants were experiencing. Thirsty tomato and tobacco plants made an average of about 35 and 11 sounds per hour, individually, while cut tomato and tobacco plants made 25 and 15 noises per hour.
In theory, these recorded sounds could help farmers know about which crops are most in need of water. “When more and more areas are exposed to drought due to climate change, efficient water use becomes even more important, for both food security and ecology,” Lilach with her co-workers write.
12. Why do humans fail to hear the sounds of plants?
A. The sounds are stressful.
B. The sounds are beyond human’s hearing range.
C. The sounds are low-pitched.
D. The sounds are between 20kHz and 40kHz.
13. What might cause thirsty plants to produce sounds?
A. Suffering from lack of air.
B. Stems and leaves transporting water.
C. More air bubbles gathering in the roots.
D. Air bubbles’ forming or breaking in the xylem.
14. What did Lilach and her co-workers find in the study?
A. Noises can be picked up by microphones. B. Plants make more sounds in small boxes.
C. Cut plants suffer the same as thirsty ones. D. Different sounds indicate plants’ stress types.
15. What’s the potential use of the sound recordings?
A. To harvest the crops. B. To solve the food problem.
C. To locate the thirsty crops. D. To prevent climate change.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，干渴或压力过大的植物会发出高频声音。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The reason why you have probably never heard the plants’ sounds is that most humans are only able to hear sounds as high as 20 kilohertz（kHz）, but the plants made sounds mostly between 40 and 80 kHz, Lilach Hadany, a co-author of the study at Tel Aviv University, tells Business Insider’s Marianne Guenot. (特拉维夫大学这项研究的共同作者Lilach Hadany告诉Business Insider的Marianne Guenot，你可能从未听到过植物的声音的原因是，大多数人只能听到高达20千赫的声音，但植物发出的声音大多在40到80千赫之间。)”可知，人类听不到植物的声音，因为这些声音超出了人类的听觉范围。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Lilach says, the present popular theory on how they make noises centers on plants’ xylem(木质部), the tubes that transport water from their roots to their stems(根茎) and leaves. In the process of transporting, when an air bubble(气泡) forms or breaks in the xylem, it might make a little noise; (Lilach说，目前关于它们如何制造噪音的流行理论集中在植物的木质部，即从根部向茎和叶运输水分的管道。在运输过程中，当木质部中有气泡形成或破裂时，可能会发出一点声音)”可知，木质部中气泡的形成或破裂可能会导致干渴的植物发出声音。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thirsty tomato and tobacco plants made an average of about 35 and 11 sounds per hour, individually, while cut tomato and tobacco plants made 25 and 15 noises per hour. (口渴的番茄和烟草植物平均每小时分别发出35和11种声音，而切开的番茄和烟草植物每小时分别发出25和15种声音。)”可知，不同的声音表明植物的压力类型。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In theory, these recorded sounds could help farmers know about which crops are most in need of water. “When more and more areas are exposed to drought due to climate change, efficient water use becomes even more important, for both food security and ecology,” Lilach with her co-workers write. (理论上，这些记录的声音可以帮助农民知道哪些作物最需要水。“由于气候变化，越来越多的地区面临干旱，高效用水变得更加重要，无论是对粮食安全还是生态而言，”Lilach和她的同事写道。)”可知，录音的潜在用途是找到缺水的庄稼。A. To harvest the crops.收割庄稼；B. To solve the food problem.解决食物问题；C. To locate the thirsty crops.找到缺水的庄稼；D. To prevent climate change.防止气候变化。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How To Deal With A Bully
A bully is someone who, out of habit, uses their power to hurt or frighten other people. They enjoy doing physical and emotional harm to others and often leave the victim feeling helpless. ____16____. However, these suggestions below can stop the situation from worsening.
Ask Them To Stop
Asking the bullies to stop in a firm and confident voice is sometimes an effective measure to deal with them. Sometimes when we do not speak up for ourselves, the bullies continue with their behavior thinking of us as easy targets. In this thought, they assume that we will never speak up to them. ____17____.
Be Accompanied
____18____. If you are with your friends, or if you are in the company of someone, it is less likely that the bully will disturb you. We are not asking you to make a huge circle of friends. Sometimes, all it takes is one loyal friend who will stay by you no matter what.
Turn The Situation Into A Joke
Some of us are born comedians and we can turn almost anything into a joke.____19____. Turn the situation the bully has created into a joke or just say something funny. This will break the bully’s confidence and they will know that you are strong and sure about who you are. This will make them back off.
It is never easy to deal with all the unwanted bullying even when you have done nothing wrong.____20____. So be brave and take action now!
A. Bullies usually hunt for people who are alone
B. There is no simple solution when it comes to bullying
C. It’s a brilliant idea to make as many friends as possible
D. But doing nothing will only result in more intense bullying
E. If you are one of these people, try to make full use of your gift
F. So when we do speak up for ourselves, it takes them by surprise
G. Whatever they do, remember you are not responsible for their actions
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了对付霸凌的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“A bully is someone who, out of habit, uses their power to hurt or frighten other people. They enjoy doing physical and emotional harm to others and often leave the victim feeling helpless. (恃强凌弱的人是出于习惯，使用他们的权力来伤害或吓唬别人的人。他们喜欢对他人造成身体和情感上的伤害，经常让受害者感到无助。)”以及后句“However, these suggestions below can stop the situation from worsening. (然而，以下这些建议可以阻止情况恶化。)”可知，解决欺凌问题很复杂，所以表示“欺凌问题没有简单的解决办法”的选项B可以承接前文霸凌的话题，和后句构成转折关系。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据前句“In this thought, they assume that we will never speak up to them. (有这种想法，他们认为我们永远不会对他们大声说话来保护自己。)”可知，这里陈述对霸凌者大声说话产生的效果，所以表示“所以，当我们为自己说话时，他们会大吃一惊”的选项F可以承接前文，构成因果关系。故选F。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据主题句“Be Accompanied(有人陪同）”以及后句“If you are with your friends, or if you are in the company of someone, it is less likely that the bully will disturb you. (如果你和你的朋友在一起，或者你和某人在一起，欺凌者打扰你的可能性就小了。)”可知，有人陪同可以避免被霸凌，所以表示“恃强凌弱的人通常会找孤独的人”的选项A可以承接本段的主题，后句具体解释恃强凌弱的人通常会找孤独的人，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据前句“Some of us are born comedians and we can turn almost anything into a joke. (我们中的一些人天生就是喜剧演员，我们几乎可以把任何事情都变成笑话。)”可知，通过喜剧天赋化解被霸凌，所以表示“如果你是这些人中的一员，试着充分利用你的天赋”的选项E可以承接前文，介绍如果你天生就是喜剧演员，就试着利用一下你的天赋。故选E。
20题详解】
根据前句“It is never easy to deal with all the unwanted bullying even when you have done nothing wrong. (即使你没有做错任何事，处理所有不必要的欺凌也从来都不是一件容易的事。)”以及后句“So be brave and take action now! (所以现在就勇敢行动吧！)”可知，处理霸凌虽然不易，但要敢于行动，避免更激烈的欺凌，所以表示“但什么都不做只会导致更激烈的欺凌”的选项D可以和前文构成转折关系，和后句构成因果关系。故选 D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My dad is a construction worker. He doesn’t seem like the kind of guy who would ____21____ great bread, but he is and he does.
I’ve been feeling ____22____ since I knew I didn’t qualify for the swim team. Now I’ll have to wait a whole year to ____23____ again; that might as well be a million years.
Dad knew I was feeling down. Last Sunday he said it was time for me to help in the ____24____. I couldn’t imagine what help I could offer. ____25____, I followed right behind him. Dad got out the flour and milk and taught me how to make the dough (面团), which took ten minutes and ____26____ a great amount of energy.
Next came the most difficult but ____27____ part — doing nothing. We waited for an hour for the dough to ____28____ swell (膨胀) and double in size. Then we beat the risen dough down to let the air out, divided it into two and waited for another ___29___ . “Take your time. Don’t rush to put the dough directly into the oven (烤箱), but if you do, the bread will be hard. So learn to be _____30_____,” Dad explained. As the flour dust in the kitchen quietly settled, _____31_____ didn’t seem to matter. The dough was going to _____32_____ at its own pace.
As I _____33_____ what Dad said, I stopped walking around and watching the _____34_____. With a peaceful mind, I started _____35_____ the quiet time with Dad. My father taught me how to bake bread, but I think I learned something more.
21. A. purchase B. deliver C. bake D. earn
22 A. heart-broken B. tongue-tied C. cold-blooded D. narrow-minded
23. A. settle down B. cheer up C. show off D. try out
24. A. kitchen B. school C. market D. factory
25. A. Even B. Still C. Besides D. Often
26. A. demanded B. wasted C. preserved D. weakened
27. A. amusing B. annoying C. moving D. surprising
28. A. urgently B. casually C. slowly D. temporarily
29. A. minute B. hour C. day D. week
30. A. ambitious B. passionate C. patient D. conventional
31. A. fortune B. family C. life D. time
32. A. rise B. bend C. explode D. roll
33. A. predicted B. accepted C. doubted D. investigated
34. A. flour B. milk C. clock D. bread
35. A. memorizing B. enjoying C. marking D. evaluating
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的爸爸是一名建筑工人，他会做面包。作者没有资格进入游泳队后感到失落，爸爸让他帮忙做面包，教他制作面团。爸爸告诉作者要耐心等待面团发酵，不要着急。作者在和爸爸一起制作面包的过程中学到了更多的东西。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看起来不像是那种会烤好面包的人，但他确实会烤好面包。A. purchase购买；B. deliver运送；C. bake烘烤；D. earn挣钱。根据“My dad is a construction worker.”和文章最后一句“My father taught me how to bake bread, but I think I learned something more.”父亲教作者如何烤面包可知，作者认为父亲只是一个建筑工人，他看起来不像是那种会烤面包的人。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从我知道我没有资格进入游泳队后，我一直感到很伤心。A. heart-broken伤心的；B. tongue-tied张口结舌的；C. cold-blooded冷血的；D. narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的。根据“since I knew I didn’t qualify for the swim team.”和第三段第一句“Dad knew I was feeling down”可知，作者没有获得参加游泳队的资格，一直感到心碎。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我要等整整一年才能再次参加选拔。A. settle down定居下来；B. cheer up欢呼起来；C. show off炫耀；D. try out选拔。根据“I’ve been feeling ____2____ since I knew I didn’t qualify for the swim team.”可知，作者伤心的原因是要等整整一年才能再次参加选拔。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：上星期天他说我该去厨房帮忙了。A. kitchen厨房；B. school学校；C. market市场；D. factory工厂。根据“As the flour dust in the kitchen quietly settled, ____11____ didn’t seem to matter.”及下文可知，父亲让作者到厨房帮忙做面包。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，我还是跟在他后面。A. Even甚至；B. Still尽管如此；C. Besides除了；D. Often经常地。根据“I couldn’t imagine what help I could offer.”和“I followed right behind him.”可知，作者无法想象自己能提供什么帮助，尽管如此，作者还是紧跟在父亲后面去厨房，前后句是转折关系。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸拿出面粉和牛奶，教我如何揉面团，这需要十分钟，而且需要大量的精力。A. demanded需要；B. wasted浪费；C. preserved保护；D. weakened削弱。根据“and taught me how to make the dough(面团),”和“a great amount of energy.”可知，揉面团需要大量的精力。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来是最困难但也最有趣的部分——什么也不做。A. amusing令人高兴的，有趣的；B. annoying令人生气的；C. moving令人感动的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据“doing nothing.”及后文可知，接下来是作面包最困难但有趣的部分。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们等了一个小时，等面团慢慢膨胀成两倍大。A. urgently紧急地；B. casually休闲地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. temporarily暂时地。根据常识可知，需要等待一个小时，让面团慢慢膨胀变大。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们把发好的面团打扁，放出空气，分成两份，再等一个小时。A. minute分钟；B. hour小时；C. day天；D. week星期。根据“We waited for an hour for the dough to ____8____ swell(膨胀) and double in size.”可知，等待一个小时，让面团慢慢膨胀变大，说明还需要再等了一个小时。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“慢慢来。不要急于把面团直接放进烤箱，但如果你这样做，面包会很硬。所以要学会耐心，”爸爸解释说。A. ambitious有野心的；B. passionate热情的；C. patient有耐心的；D. conventional传统的。根据“Take your time. Don’t rush to put the dough directly into the oven (烤箱), but if you do, the bread will be hard.”可知，做面包的整个过程中都需要耐心。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着厨房里的面粉尘埃安静地沉淀下来，时间似乎不再重要了。A. fortune运气；B. family家庭；C. life生活；D. time时间。根据“We waited for an hour for the dough to ____8____ swell (膨胀) and double in size. Then we beat the risen dough down to let the air out, divided it into two and waited for another ___9___ .”可知，虽然等待的时候很长，随着厨房里的面粉尘埃悄然落定，时间似乎已经不重要了。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：面团会以自己的速度发酵。A. rise(面包、蛋糕等)发酵；B. bend弯腰；C. explode爆炸；D. roll滚动。根据“We waited for an hour for the dough to ____8____ swell (膨胀) and double in size.”可知，面团会以自己的速度发酵。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我接受爸爸的话时，我不再四处走动，也不再看钟了。A. predicted预测；B. accepted接受；C. doubted怀疑；D. investigated调查。根据“With a peaceful mind, I started ____15____ the quiet time with Dad.”可知，作者带着平和的心态，接受了父亲说的话，不再四处走动和看钟。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我接受爸爸的话时，我不再四处走动，也不再看钟了。A. flour面粉；B. milk牛奶；C. clock钟表；D. bread面包。根据“We waited for an hour for the dough to ____8____ swell (膨胀) and double in size.”和“With a peaceful mind,”可知，作者不再四处走动和看钟。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着平静的心情，我开始享受和爸爸在一起的安静时光。A. memorizing记住；B. enjoying享受；C. marking标记；D. evaluating评估。根据“My father taught me how to bake bread, but I think I learned something more.”可知，作者开始享受和爸爸在一起的安静时光，并且学到了更多的东西。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Chinese Brush Painting is one of the representative forms of traditional Chinese art. It's believed that this kind of art form,____36____has been developing for more than a thousand years,____37____(start) during the Tang Dynasty. Artists mainly use ink assisted with water when they work on Chinese Brush Painting. They express the mood and meaning of the painting through the depth,____38____(strong), and rendering (渲染) of the ink.
Chinese Brush Painting stresses the importance of mood and meaning, rather than the form and realism. It focuses ____39____ the space, atmosphere and mood of the painting.____40____(usual), it gives importance to the freedom and fluency of the brushwork, thus____41____(express) the personality and emotions of the painter.
The subjects of Chinese Brush Painting are various and include landscapes, flowers and birds, figures, animals and so on. Painters show____42____(they) spirit by changing the depth, shade, and humidity of the ink, creating ____43____unique artistic form. In addition, Chinese Brush Painting also pays attention to composition. This requires the painters____44____(pay) more attention to the overall sense and rhythm of the painting.
In general, Chinese Brush Painting is not only an important part of Chinese culture, _____45_____one of the treasures of world cultural heritage.
【答案】36. which
37. started
38. strength
39. on 40. Usually
41. expressing
42. their 43. a
44. to pay 45. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是中国水墨画这种绘画的艺术。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据信，这种艺术形式始于唐朝，已经发展了一千多年。分析句子可知空处是非限定性定语从句，先行词art form指物，在从句中充当主语，使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：据信，这种艺术形式始于唐朝，已经发展了一千多年。start是谓语动词，根据时间状语during the Tang Dynasty可知时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填 started。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们通过墨水的深度、力度和渲染来表达绘画的情绪和意义。空处作through的宾语使用名形式，strength“力量”，不可数名词。故填strength。
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：它注重绘画的空间、氛围和情绪。focus on是固定短语，意为“专注于”。故填on。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：通常，它注重笔触的自由和流畅，从而表达画家的个性和情感。空处修饰整个句子，使用副词作状语，位于句首单词首字母大写。故填Usually。
【41题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：通常，它注重笔触的自由和流畅，从而表达画家的个性和情感。句中谓语是gives，空格处用非谓语动词，空格后的内容是结果，因此空格处用现在分词作结果状语。故填expressing。
【42题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：画家通过改变墨汁的深度、浓淡和湿度来表现自己的精神，创造出独特的艺术形式。空处修饰名词spirit，使用形容词性物主代词。故填 their。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：画家通过改变墨汁的深度、浓淡和湿度来表现自己的精神，创造出独特的艺术形式。form是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unique是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：这就要求画家更加注重绘画的整体感和节奏感，力求达到“少即是多”的效果。require sb.to do是固定短语，意为“要求某人做某事”，因此空格处是不定式作宾语补足语。故填to pay。
【45题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：总的来说，中国毛笔画不仅是中国文化的重要组成部分，而且是世界文化遗产的瑰宝之一。not only…but (also)...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 近年来，露营活动逐渐兴起，但也带来了环境和安全等方面的问题。假定你是李华，请写一封倡议书，号召大家在休闲娱乐的同时爱护环境，内容包括：
1. 露营造成的问题；
2. 爱护环境的倡议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Recently, camping activities are gradually emerging, but they also bring environmental and safety issues.
Firstly, the scattered garbage around the camp garbage bin is piled up into small hills, with bamboo sticks, fruit peel paper scraps, plastic bags, etc. casually thrown onto the grass. In addition, many people are enthusiastic about doing outdoor barbecues and hot pot in campsites, and the fire also poses a hidden danger to these camping areas near forests and grasslands. If the charcoal after the open fire is mishandled and mixed with flammable waste, it is likely to cause a fire during the hot and dry seasons of spring and summer. Let’s join our hands and take action immediately in an environmentally friendly way. Only in this way can we make the world a better place to live in.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的倡议书。要求考生写一封倡议书，号召大家在露营的同时爱护环境。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：firstly→ first of all/initially
此外：in addition→ what’s more/besides
导致：cause → lead to/contribute to
立即：immediately→ instantly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Let’s join our hands and take action immediately in an environmentally friendly way.
拓展句：Let’s join our hands and take action immediately in the way which is environmentally friendly.
【点睛】【高分句型1】If the charcoal after the open fire is mishandled and mixed with flammable waste, it is likely to cause a fire during the hot and dry seasons of spring and summer.（运用了if引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】Only in this way can we make the world a better place to live in.（运用了only+状语放到句首构成部分倒装结构）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Outside the back of the supermarket, an elderly lady stood in the cold holding a basket of flowers. “Would you like some flowers? They cost $3 a bunch,” she asked me when I was walking past and I politely responded, “No, thank you.” Then I walked away and went inside the supermarket.
I walked around the supermarket searching for the things I needed. I couldn’t help thinking of that lady standing in the cold holding her basket of flowers. I wondered about her unknown story of standing in the cold with her basket.
Then I had my own personal struggles. As a poor blogger (博主), I had to budget for everything and even $3 was a lot for me and probably for her too. But it wasn’t my first thought when she asked me about buying her flowers. My first thought was that I didn’t have the cash but not as an excuse. I’d not carried cash with me for a few years.
When I went to the checkout counter to pay with my card, I asked for $3 cash out. With a sigh of relief, I was glad that the staff member handed me $3. I walked away and I found the lady around the corner of the supermarket.
“Sorry, I didn’t have cash on me just now. But I’d like to buy some of your flowers.”
As I had a closer look in her basket I saw the bunch of flowers I had admired briefly during our first encounter. I also saw two small pots of plants that were beautiful and healthy. Although I didn’t have a green thumb, I loved them deeply. She told me their names and some details about them. I chose the bunch of flowers I had first sighted. I gave her $3 as she handed me the flowers. She said thank you to me.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
As I walked away, I was wishing I could have been able to offer her more help.
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Paragraph 2:
Helping her sell out all the flowers, I was really happy.
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【答案】As I walked away, I was wishing I could have been able to offer her more. But I had to budget for everything at that time and really didn’t have extra money to buy more flowers. As I looked back at her, she thanked me again. Seeing her smile, I had a terrific idea suddenly. I had my personal blog and every day many people came to read it. I returned and took a picture for the lady and edited a post quickly which said “These beautiful flowers need a warm home!” Soon, many people living nearby came and the lady sold out all her flowers.
Helping her sell out all the flowers, I was really happy. Though I didn’t have the ability to buy all her flowers I had the ability to help her sell out all the flowers. The lady was also very delighted to sell all her flowers because she could go home early with some money, which might help solve part of her problems. She was thankful for my help and we both went home with gratitude.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者偶遇一位老妇人在寒冷的天气中卖花。作者因为没有现金，便礼貌地拒绝了她。但作者一直想着那位女士。尽管当时作者的经济也很拮据，但作者仍然从超市兑换了3美元现金，回到女士那里买了一束花。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我离开时，我希望我能给她更多。”以及第二段首句内容“帮她卖掉所有的花，我真的很高兴。”可知，第一段可描写作者想到了一个好方法帮助这位女士。
②由第二段首句内容“帮她卖掉所有的花，我真的很高兴。”可知，第二段可描写作者帮助这位女士卖掉了所有的花之后，很有感触。
2.续写线索：去超市偶遇一位老妇人在寒风中卖花——当时没有现金，下意识就婉拒了——在超市时，又想起这位女士——虽然自己很拮据，但还是想帮助那位女士——取了3美元现金，找到那位老妇人，买了一束花——离开后，想继续帮助这位女士——帮助这位女士卖了所有的花，内心感到高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①购买：buy/purchase
②做预算：budget/make a budget
③解决：solve/handle/deal with
情绪类
①高兴的：delighted/happy/joyful
②感激的：thankful/grateful
【点睛】【高分句型1】As I looked back at her, she thanked me again.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】The lady was also very delighted to sell all her flowers because she could go home early with some money, which might help solve part of her problems.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）