2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit4InformationTechnology学生用书北师大版必修第二册

UNIT 4　INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
【基础回顾】
►核心词汇——写其形
1．____________ n. 效应；影响
2．____________ vt. 保持；维持
3．____________ vi. &vt. 承认
4．____________ n. 基础；基点
5．____________ vi. 订阅，订购
6．____________ n. 担忧，忧虑vt. 与……有关；使担心
7．____________ vi. &vt. 递送；传送
8．____________ vi. 给予某物关注n. 焦点
9．____________ vi. &vt. 做实验，进行试验n. 实验
10．____________ n. 恩惠；善意的行为
►阅读词汇——知其意
1．emoji n. ________________
2．opinion n. ________________
3．tablet n. ________________
4．profile n. ________________
5．content n. ________________
6．trivial adj. ________________
7．fantasy n. ________________
8．avatar n. ________________
9．virtual adj. ________________
10．gender n. ________________
►拓展词汇——通其变
1．option n．选择；选择的事物→________ adj.可选择的；非强制的
2．convenience n．方便，便利→________ adj.方便的，便利的
3．press vt.按→________ n．压力→________ adj.迫切的，急需的
4．view vt.看，把……视为→________ v．采访；会见，接见→________ n．面试者，采访者
5．vary vi.多变；相异→________ n．多样化，变化→________ adj.多种多样的；多样性的
6．create vt.创造→________ adj.创造性的→________ n．创造力；独创性
7．sense n．感觉；理解力→________ adj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的
8．image n．图像；形象→________ v．想，想象→________ n．想象；想象力→________ adj.想象的，假想的
9．obvious adj.明显的→________ adv.显易见地，明显地
10．access n．进入，到达→________ adj.易懂的；易得到的
►高频短语——记得牢
1．________________ 以自我为中心的；关注
自我的
2．________________ 虚拟现实(VR)
3．________________ 移动设备
4．________________ 关注
5．________________ 沉迷
6．________________ 增强现实(AR)
7．________________ 关心……
8．________________ 发人深省的，令人深思的
9．________________ 各种各样的
10．________________ 混合现实(MR)
11．________________ 除此之外
►典型句式——懂其用
1．so...that如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句
She is ________ kind ________ we all like her very much.
她如此善良以至于我们都非常喜欢她。
2．That/This is why...那/这就是……的原因。
That's ________ I come here to meet you.
那就是我来这里见你的原因。
3．while/when＋doing...状语从句的省略
__________________ the train，I bought a magazine.
等火车时，我买了本杂志。
4．强调句型：It is/was...＋that/who...
It was in the street ________ I came across my former teacher.
我是在大街上偶遇了我以前的老师。
5．It is＋adj./n.＋that...
It is ________________ (遗憾) that you missed the party ________ we enjoyed ourselves.
很遗憾你没有参加这次聚会，我们玩得很高兴。

【核心考点】
►第一版块|重点单词
1．enable vt.使可能；使发生　able adj.有能力的　ability n．能力　unable adj.不能的　　
(1)enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能做某事
be able to do sth. 能做某事
have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事
be unable to do sth. 不能做某事
(2)前缀en-表示“使……”
courage n．勇气→encourage vt.鼓励；支持
large adj.大的→enlarge vt.使扩大
danger n．危险→endanger vt.使处于险境
rich adj.富有的→enrich vt.使富有
◎单句语法填空
①This will ________ (able) the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.
②She has the ________ (able) to keep calm in an emergency.
③I regret that I am ________ (able) to accept your kind invitation.
④[2020·全国Ⅱ卷]Giving employees the tools enables them ________ (communicate) honestly.
⑤The older child should be able ________ (prepare) a simple meal.
⑥Listening to music ________ (enable) us to feel relaxed.

2．convenience n．方便，便利；便利的事物；便利设施　convenient adj.方便的；便利的conveniently adv.方便地；便利地　inconvenience n．不方便　inconvenient adj.不方便的
for convenience 为了方便起见
for one's convenience＝for the convenience of sb. 为了方便某人
at one's convenience 在某人方便时
arrange a convenient time 安排一个方便的时间
be convenient for sb. 对某人来说是方便的
It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是方便的。
◎单句语法填空
①They may use a credit card ________ convenience.
②I stock up on groceries at the ________ (convenient) store.
③We have provided seats ________ the convenience of our customers.
④The hotel is ________ (convenient) situated close to the beach.
⑤Please accept our apologies for any ________ (convenience) we have caused.
⑥Can you come at 10：30? I know it's ________ (convenient), but I have to see you.
⑦Can you telephone me ________ your convenience to arrange a meeting?
⑧The Internet makes it ________ (convenience) for us to get in touch with each other.

3.impact n．影响；作用　v．冲击，撞击；产生影响
(1)make an impact on... 对……产生影响
a considerable/great/dramatic impact 相当大的/巨大的/戏剧性的影响
impact on 影响；对……冲击/碰撞
(2)have an effect/influence on 对……有影响
have no effect/influence on 对……没有影响
make a difference (to) (对……)有影响
make no difference (to) (对……)没有影响，没有作用
[词语辨析]impact, affect与influence
impact常作不及物动词，表示对某物有强烈的影响＝ have a strong effect (＋on)。
affect的主语通常是物而不是人，往往指一物对另一物产生的消极影响。
influence侧重在思想、性格、行为等方面所产生的潜移默化的影响，也可指自然力的影响。
◎单句语法填空
①The computer has made a great impact ________ modern life.
②High interest rates have impacted ________ retail spending.
◎辨析填空：impact, affect, influence
③The labour enthusiasm of the workers strongly ________ us.
④These costs will ________ on our profitability.
⑤The tax increases have ________ us all.

4．addicted adj.对……着迷的；沉迷的　addict n．对……着迷的人　addiction n．瘾；入迷，嗜好　addictive adj.(药物等)使人上瘾的；使人着迷的
be/get/become addicted to (doing) sth.
对(做)某事上瘾/入迷沉溺于……，对……痴迷(to是介词)
a TV/sports addict 电视迷/运动迷
alcohol addiction 酒瘾
an Internet addict 网络成瘾者
addiction to sth. 对……上瘾
highly addictive 非常令人上瘾/着迷
[学法点拨]be addicted to中的to是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。
◎单句语法填空
①People addicted ________ the web often become inactive in real life.
②Teenagers who are ________ (addict) to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression.
③They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common ________ (addict).
④Some are addicted to ________ (smoke) cigarettes, only several packets of which will hurt their lungs.
⑤I find jogging very highly ________ (addict).

5．download vt. &n．下载　load n．重担；装载量　v．装载
download a game 下载游戏
download software 下载软件
download an app 下载应用程序
download a document 下载文件
upload vt. 上传 (up＋load)
upload photos and videos 上传图片和视频
load...with... 在……里装载……
load the truck with vegetables. 在卡车里装蔬菜
◎单句语法填空
①He put half ________ load of washing in the machine.
②He took over the union when it was loaded ________ debt.
③I can download the material ________ the computer in the office.
◎完成句子
④When you ________________ (下载软件), you can select different storage channels.

6.admit vi. &vt.承认；允许……进入；准许进入；容纳　admission n．(俱乐部的)加入许可；(大学的)入学许可；准许进入(某地)；接纳；入场费；承认
admit (to) sth. 承认某事
admit (to) doing sth. 承认做了某事
admit (to sb.) that... (向某人)承认……
admit sb. to/into 允许某人进入……；接纳某人为……的成员
be admitted as... 作为……被接受
be admitted to/into 被接受；被接纳；被录取
It is generally/universally admitted that... 人们普遍承认……
apply for admission 申请加入
admission charges 入场费
gain admission to 获准进入
◎单句语法填空
①That man admitted to ________ (steal) the jewels from the shop.
②They admitted him ________ a member of the trade union.
③________ (admit) is at normal charges and you don't need to book.
④My brother ________ (admit) into a university, which delighted us all.
⑤Suffering from burns, he was admitted ________ the hospital.
⑥Your fault does not admit ________ any excuse.
⑦It is generally admitted ________ the moon is a world of silence.

7．variety n．多样化，变化　vary v．变化　various adj.各种各样的　varied adj.各种各样的
a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的
vary with 随……而变化
vary in 在……方面有差异
vary from...to... 从……到……不等，在……到……之间变化
vary between...and... 在……和……之间变化
[误区警示]
a variety of＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词
varieties of＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语动词
the variety of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语动词
A variety of activities/Varieties of activities are offered by the park.公园提供各种各样的活动。
The variety of activities in this park is rich.
这个公园里的活动多种多样。
◎单句语法填空
①Join us to taste a ________ (vary) of fresh local food and drinks.
②There are several ________ (variety) of noodles available on the market.
③I was impressed by ________ variety of dishes on offer.
④There are ________ (vary) ways of solving the problem.
⑤Demand for certain products varies ________ the seasons.
⑥Her feelings varied ________ joy and fear as she watched him fight.

8.sensible adj.朴素实用的；明智的，合理的　sensibly adv.明智地；合理地　sense n．感觉；理解力；判断力　v．感觉到，意识到　sensitive adj.敏感的；灵敏的
be sensible of... 知道……/觉察到……
It is sensible to do sth. 做某事是明智的。
It is sensible of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是明智的。
eat a sensible diet 饮食合理
sensible advice 合理的建议
in sensible shoes 穿着朴素的鞋子
make sense of 理解；明白
be sensitive to... 对……敏感
[词语辨析]sensible与sensitive
sensible adj.明智的；合理的；意识到的。指人有理智、具有良好的判断力。
如：a sensible person理智的人
sensitive adj.敏感的，灵敏的。 指人敏感、易生气或善于理解别人的心情和问题。如：be sensitive to对……敏感　a sensitive person敏感的人
◎单句语法填空
①Are you sensible ________ the dangers of your position?
②Rare resources should be used ________ (sensible).
③The ________ (sense) thing is to leave them alone.
④It is sensible ________ (go) to work by subway instead of by car in the morning.
◎辨析填空：sensible, sensitive
⑤As you know, coral is very ________ to water temperature.
⑥We figured the ________ thing to do was to wait.

9.experiment vi. &vt.做实验，进行试验　n．实验　experimental adj.实验的，试验性的
experiment with/on 拿……做实验
do/carry out an experiment 做/进行实验
perform/conduct an experiment(＝do an experiment) 进行实验
an experiment shows/proves... 实验表明/证明……
a scientific experiment 科学实验
◎单句语法填空
①This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based ________ (experiment).
②The technique is still at the ________ (experiment) stage.
③During his studies, Meucci started to experiment ________ electricity.

10．selection n．供选择的同类物品；选择　select vt.选择，挑选　n．被挑选出来的人或物
selective adj.选择的；选择性的
a selection of... 精选的……
a selection of folk songs 民歌选
natural selection 物竞天择
make a wise selection 做出明智的选择
select from... 从……中挑选
select for... 为……而挑选
be selected to do sth. 被选拔做某事
be selected/chosen as... 被选作……
be selected for the national team 入选国家队
be selected as the leader 被选为队长
[词语辨析]select/elect/pick/choose
select强调“精心挑选”；
elect则指“投票选举”；
pick强调挑剔和苛刻地“挑选”；
choose指一般意义的“选择”。
◎单句语法填空
①A ________ (select) of readers' comments is published below.
②He looked through the suits and selected the cheapest one ________ me.
③Daff was selected ________ the whole class to go on the trip.
④Sales still happen, but buyers are more ________ (select).

11．concern n．担忧，忧虑；关心，关心的事　vt.与……有关；使担心；涉及　concerning prep.关于；涉及　　　
(1)with concern 关切地
show/express concern about/for... 对……表示担心/关心
concern oneself about/over... 为……担忧；关心，挂念
concern oneself with 关心
(2)be concerned that... 担心……
be concerned about... 担心/关心……
be concerned with... 与……有关，关于
as far as sb. is concerned 在某人看来；就某人而言
as far as sth. is concerned 就某事而言
[误区警示]concerned作前置定语时，意为“担心的；关心的”，作后置定语时，意为“有关的”。
concerned parents 忧心忡忡的家长
the people concerned有关的人
◎单句语法填空
①He heard nothing ________ (concern) this matter.
②It's a waste of time to concern yourself ________ other people's troubles.
③Many parents discourage their kids from playing sports or adventuring ________ concern of their safety.
④The teacher showed particular concern ________ the disabled child.
⑤The second question ________ (concern) our method of work.
⑥Now similar ________ (concern) are being raised by the giants that deal in data, the oil of the digital age.

12．accommodation n．住处；住宿；调和，和解　accommodate v．提供住宿；适应；容纳　　　　
accommodation fee 住宿费
provide accommodation for 为……提供住宿
travel and hotel accommodations 旅行及酒店住宿
accommodate/adapt to 适应
Her eyes took a while to accommodate to the darkness.她的眼睛过了一会儿才适应黑暗。
[误区警示]accommodation表示“住处，住宿，膳宿”等时，在英式英语中是不可数名词，但在美式英语中通常用复数。
◎单句语法填空
①After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodation ________ the homeless families.
②If you're lucky enough to land such an ________ (accommodate), though, be sure you're 100 percent on time.

13．ensure vt.确保，保证　sure adj.确信的，肯定的；一定的　adv.(口语)的确；当然　surely adv.当然；无疑；(用于否定句，表示难以置信)　　　　　　
ensure＝make sure 确保，保证
ensure the safety of... 确保……的安全
ensure sb. sth. 确保某人……
make certain/sure of 弄清楚；确保
be certain/sure of/about 对……有把握
be certain/sure who/what/how... 对……有把握
for certain/sure 确定，无疑
It is certain that... 肯定会……
[误区警示](1)be sure to do sth.用于祈使句表示“务必要做某事”时，不能用certain替换sure。
(2)It's certain that we will succeed.(√)
It's sure that we will succeed.(×)
◎单句语法填空
①Knowledge alone can't ________ (sure) you a success.
②I walked fast enough to make sure ________ getting there in time.
③He knew that if help did not arrive soon they would ________ (sure) die.
④I can't ensure ________ he would be here in time.

14．device n．设置，装置
(1)a device for doing sth. 用于做某事的设备
a device to do sth. 做某事的设备
leave sb. to their own devices
听任某人自行其是；对某人不加干涉
(2)a device for separating metal from garbage
将金属与垃圾分开的设备
digital devices 数字设备
mobile devices 移动设备
electronic devices 电子设备
a water-saving device 节水装置
electrical labour-saving devices around the home
节省劳力的各种家用电器
[词语辨析]device与equipment
device多指为某一特殊用途或解决某一特定机械问题而设计或改装的精巧的仪器或装置，为可数名词。
equipment多指成套的或重型的设备或装备。通常用作不可数名词。
◎单句语法填空
①There are some safety ________ (device) to ensure workers against accidents.
◎完成句子
②These are the applications built for ______________________ (移动设备).
③The company supplied ____________________ (一些医疗设备) to the disaster area.
15.press v．按；压；催促；拥挤　n．新闻界；出版社；报刊；新闻舆论；印刷机　pressure n．挤压；压力
press against 贴/顶/按着……
press sth. for 敦促；不断要求
press sth. onto/into... 把……按入/塞进
press on 坚定地继续(尤指工作)；坚持
the local/national/foreign press 地方/全国/外国报刊
the press conference 记者招待会，新闻发布会
under pressure 处于压力下
relieve/reduce pressure 减压
put pressure on sb. 向某人施压
[词语辨析]press与squeeze
press指力量来自上方。
squeeze指外在的力量作用于物体上，力量可来自各个方面，可用于比喻。
Press the button, and the machine will work.
按下按钮，机器就能运转了。
Squeeze the sponge so that all the water comes out.捏紧海绵，把所有的水挤出来。
[误区警示]press作“新闻界”讲时，要与定冠词the连用。
They have leaked the information out to the press.他们已经把消息泄露给了新闻界。
◎单句语法填空
①She pressed her face ________ the glass.
②A government spokesperson made a statement to ________ press.
③The student got up, stood there, and said nothing. The teacher pressed him ________ an answer.
④Shall we stop here or press ________ to the next town?
⑤[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the ________ (press) fingers apply to each key.

16．confirm vt.确认；证实　confirmed adj.已被证实的；根深蒂固的　confirmation n．确认书；证实；证明书
confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
confirm sb. in one's belief/opinion/view/suspicion
确认某人的信念/观点/看法/怀疑
confirm that... 证实……
It is confirmed that... 据确认……
◎单句语法填空
①The ________ (confirm) national death toll reached 12，300 by 2 am Wednesday.
②She glanced over at James for ________ (confirm).
③It ________ (confirm) by experience that this is the right approach to the command of grammar.
④He gave many examples to confirm him ________ his view.

17．deliver vi. &vt.递送；传送；发表(演讲)；生(孩子)；接生；解救　delivery n．传送；递送；分娩，生产
deliver sth. to sb. 把某物传送给某人
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演讲
deliver a baby 接生；助产
deliver sb. of a baby 给某人接生孩子
be delivered of 生孩子
deliver...from... 从……把(某物)发送出去；把(某人)从……中解救出来
◎单句语法填空
①Few want to live without search engines or a quick ________ (deliver).
②Once his message ________ (deliver), he allowed me to stay and watch.
③The deer was delivered ________ the lion's mouth.
④[2020·天津二考]Once the book you've requested is delivered ________ the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up.
⑤The snowstorm delayed the ________ (deliver) of the mail.
◎写出句中deliver的词义
⑥The professor delivered an inspirational speech at the conference.____________
⑦I finally quit delivering newspapers and didn't see Mrs. Stanley for several years.____________
⑧The young woman has just been delivered of a baby.____________

18．argument n．论点；论据；争论；理由　argue v．争论；争辩；争吵；表明 　　
an argument for/against sth. 支持/反对某事的论点
have an argument with sb. about/over sth. 与某人就某事争吵
get into an argument with sb. 与某人争吵起来
win/lose an argument 在辩论中获胜/失败
argue for 支持
argue against 反对
argue with sb. about/over sth. 因某事与某人争辩
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
[词语辨析]argument与debate
argument指辩论双方均以事实或理由来说服对方的辩论。
debate通常指经过仔细组织和计划的个人或团体之间的辩论。
◎单句语法填空
①They tried to argue him ________ joining them.
②She thought it best to humour him rather than get into ________ argument.
③Her ________ (argue) was that it would be cheaper to buy a new radio than to get the old one repaired.
④As we've seen, the experts argue ________ which diet is the best.
⑤[2019·江苏卷]A chimpanzee can't win an argument ________ a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll.
⑥The employees felt the policy about their promotion was unfair and argued ________ it.

19．replace vt.取代；接替　replacement n．替代品；更换；替换；接替者　replaceable adj.可代替的
(1)replace A with/by B 用B代替A
replace sb. as 取代某人成为……
(2)take place 发生；举行
take the place of＝take one's place 代替；取代
in place 在适当的位置；准备妥当
in place of 代替；取代
◎单句语法填空
①We have replaced human labour ________ machines.
②The living-room television ________ (replace) and gets planted in the kids' room...
③A person, unlike a machine, is not ________ (replace).
④I cannot replace you ________ her assistant.
⑤The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its ________(replace)：reusable shopping bags.
⑥All the arrangements are now ________ place for their visit.
⑦There won't be any difficulty in finding ________ replacement.

20．concentrate vi. 专注，专心；集中注意力　concentrated adj. 集中的；全力以赴的
concentration n. 专心，专注；集中，聚集
(1)concentrate one's attention/mind/energy on
集中注意力/心思/精力于
(2)“集中”的其他短语：
focus on 集中于
fix one's attention on 集中注意力于
put one's heart into 全神贯注于
◎单句语法填空
①You cannot afford to relax your ________(concentrate) for a moment.
②It was up to him to concentrate ________ his studies and make something of himself.
③[2019·全国Ⅲ卷]They reflect a ________(concentrate) beam of light onto the town's central square, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.
◎一句多译
我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。
④________________________________________________________________________.(concentrate)
⑤________________________________________________________________________.(focus)

21.focus v. 给予某物关注；聚集；使集中；使聚集　n. 焦点；焦距；中心　focused adj. 注意力集中的
(1)focus on/upon 关注；集中于
focus one's attention/mind/energy on/upon 把注意力/精力集中在……
be focused on/upon 集中于
in focus/out of focus (照片、相机等)焦点对准/没有对准；对焦/失焦
come into focus 成为焦点
bring sth in to focus 使某事成为焦点
the focus of attention 注意的焦点
(2)“全神贯注于/专心于”的表达：
be absorbed in be lost in
be buried in be occupied in
be devoted to
◎单句语法填空
①You will want to continue to focus ________ positive choices.
②I think my face in this picture is a bit ________ of focus.
③He is ________ (focus) on nothing but winning.
④Recently the problem has been brought ________ focus.
⑤I got her ________ focus before I took the photo.
⑥He always wants to be ________ focus of attention.

22．limiting adj. 局限的，限制性的　limit n. 限度；限制；界限　vt. 限制；限定　limited adj. 有限的；被限制的
set a limit to/on 限制，控制
within the limits of... 在……范围内
There is no/a limit/are limits to/on...
……是无限制的/有限制的
limit...to... 把……限定在……
be limited to 限定在……
◎单句语法填空
①There is a limit ________ what one person can authority tolerate.
②Speeches were limited ________ ten minutes each.
③They may only have a ________ (limit) amount of time to get their points across.
④Set a limit ________ the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it.
⑤Teaching shouldn't ________ (limit) only to the classroom.

►第二版块|重点短语
1．look forward to 期望；期待；盼望
“动词＋副词＋介词”结构的短语还有：
look down on 轻视，瞧不起
get down to 开始做
break away from 脱离；逃离
do away with 摆脱，废除
add up to 总数为
live up to 不辜负
catch up with 赶上
come up with 提出，想出(答案等)
put up with 容忍
make up for 弥补，补偿
get on/along with 与……相处
run out of 用完，用尽
think highly of 用……评价高
[易错提示]to是介词，后面接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语
◎单句语法填空
①She is looking forward ________ the challenge of her new A-level course.
②No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone looking up ________ you wishing they were that high.
③He says that he's looking ________ (forward) to increasing types of books in the library.
④I have run ________ of patience with her.
⑤People think ________(high) of the movie.

2.(be) known as作为……而出名；被称为……(后接身份)
(1)be known for 因……而出名(后接原因)
be known to 为……所知(后接对象)
(2)as is known to all/as we all know/as everyone knows 众所周知(as引导非限制性定语从句)
◎单句语法填空
①She is known ________ a self-focused poet.
②He is better known ________ his film and TV works.
③[2020·浙江二考阅读]These lights ________ (known) as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.

3．relate to涉及；与……相关；和……相处很好；和……合得来；理解，喜欢；把……与……联系起来　relate v. 联系；使有联系；讲述　related adj. 相关的；有联系的　relation n. 关系，联系　　　　
relate A to B 把A与B联系起来
(be)related to 与……有关系
(be)/closely/strongly related to 与……有密切关系
(be)directly related to 与……有直接关系
be related to the other products 关联其他产品
be related to the other members 与其他成员有关
a related issue/question 相关的课题/问题
a stress-related illness 压力导致的疾病
in relation to 关于……；与……相比
[误区警示]related to...和connected with...常在句中作后置定语，相当于which/that引导的定语从句。
◎单句语法填空
①So he forced himself ________(relate) the part that made him uneasy.
②We made solid strides in reforms ________(relate) to agriculture, rural development and social programs.
③Trainees should be invited to relate new ideas ________ their original experiences.
④Like most questions ____________ (relate) to our health and daily habits, this answer is both yes and no.

4．compare...to...把……比作……
compare...with... 把……与……比较
compare...to... 把……比作……(用于比喻)
compare notes with sb. 与某人交换意见
compared with/to 作方式状语，表示“与……相比”
◎单句语法填空
①[2020·浙江一考]The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large ________ (compare) to younger generations.
②I guess, compared ________ most of them, we are well off.
◎完成句子
③亨利可以比作她心目中的太阳。
Henry can ________________________ the sun in her eyes.
④与容纳约25万人的城市大竞技场相比，这只是小巫见大巫。
[2021·全国乙卷阅读]That was small fry ________________ the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people.

5.stay in touch with与……保持联系　　
(1)表动作
get in touch with... 和……取得联系
lose touch with... 和……失去联系
(2)表状态
keep/stay in touch with... 和……保持联系
be in touch with... 和……有联系
be out of touch with... 和……失去联系
◎单句语法填空
①You can stay ________ touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.
②To make it easier to get in touch ________ us, you'd better keep this card at hand.
③Thanks for showing us your products over and over—we'll be ________ touch.
④I'm trying to get in touch ________ Jane. Do you have her phone number?
⑤I'll put you ________ touch with someone in your area.
◎完成句子
⑥两周前，我的儿子，本，联系上了。
Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had ______________________．
⑦幸运地是，我设法与那位官员取得了联系，并给她寄去了一张照片。
Fortunately, I managed to ____________________________ the officer and send her a photo.

6.refer to 提到，谈到；参考，查看，查阅；涉及　reference n．参考　　　
refer to... as 把……称为……
refer to his experiences 谈到他的经历
refer to a dictionary 查词典
refer to the telephone directory 查电话簿
give the speech without referring to notes 脱稿发表演讲
refer to Asian problems 涉及亚洲问题
◎单句语法填空
①The Pritzker Architecture Prize is often referred to ________ the Nobel Prize in architecture.
◎完成句子
②当我遇到难题时，我通常会选择查阅相关的学习资料或网页。
When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to ________________ relevant learning materials or Web pages.

►第三版块|典型句式
1．by＋时间　到……时为止，到……的时候
[教材原句]By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats.
20世纪90年代末，虚拟形象被用于网络聊天。
[句式分析]
by＋过去的时间，句子常用过去完成时。
by＋将来的时间，句子常用将来完成时。
[归纳拓展](1)by the time＋一般过去时，主句通常用过去完成时，表示截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成。
By the time he was fourteen years old, he had learned maths all by himself.
到他十四岁的时候，他已经自学了数学。
(2)by the time＋一般现在时(表示将来)，主句通常用将来完成时，表示截止到将来某一时间为止，主句动作将已经完成。
By the time this letter reaches you I will have left the country.
你收到这封信时，我已离开这个国家了。
(3)如果主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明某个时候的状况，主句不用完成时，而应根据需要选用适当的时态，此时by the time相当于when。
By the time you get there the meeting will be over.
等你到那里的时候，会议就该结束了。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①The phone was ringing，but by the time she got indoors, it ________ (stop).
②By the end of last year, they ________ (plant) more than 100，000 trees in the desert.
③By the 1970s, more than 100 new species ________(find) in this area.
④He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ________ (graduate) from the university.
⑤By the time he leaves university, he ________ (get) work experience so long as he takes a part-time job.

2．so...that　如此……以至于(引导结果状语从句)
The car is so expensive that I can't afford it.
这辆汽车太贵了，我买不起。
[2020·全国Ⅱ卷]Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?
谁没有收到过如此令人生气的电子邮件以至于它毁掉一整天呢？
[句式分析]结果状语从句说明主句中谓语动作发生的结果，通常位于主句之后。常用so that, so...that, such...that引导结果状语从句。
(1)so that可引导结果状语从句。
(2)so...that和such...that引导结果状语从句的不同：
so＋＋that...
such＋＋that...
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①Miss Gao asked so difficult ________ question that nobody could answer it.
②They are ________ interesting books that we all enjoy reading them.
③[2020·天津二考]It produces a deafening sound ________ painful that it temporarily disables a person.
④It was ________ fine weather that they all went swimming.
⑤We have ________ little money that we can't lend you any.
⑥Such a precious gift did he give me ________ I was deeply touched.
[能力提升]同义句转换
⑦The kids have done so well that they deserve our praise and thanks.
→________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ (倒装句)
⑧It was such an amazing scene that all people were attracted by it.
→________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ (倒装句)

3.“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
[句式分析]
(1)no matter意为“不管，无论”，与what/who/which/when/where/how等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句，相当于whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however等。
Whichever you buy, there is a six-month guarantee.
＝No matter which you buy，there is a six-month guarantee.不论你买哪一个，都有六个月的保修期。
No matter how hard he may try, he will not succeed.
＝However hard he may try，he will not succeed.
不管他怎么努力，都不会成功的。
(2)whatever, whichever, whoever既可以引导让步状语从句，又可以引导名词性从句，引导名词性从句时，不可以替换为“no matter＋what/which/who”的形式。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①I'll do ________ I can to help you.
②—When could you have a meal with me?
—I'd like to go ________ it is convenient for you.
③________ hard I tried to think about it, what he said didn't really get across to me.
④________ way you do the experiment, you must finish it today.
[能力提升]完成句子
⑤________________________ (不管是谁), we'll act according to the principle.
⑥________________________(不管她在哪里), she will be happy.


【跟踪演练】　　　
Ⅰ.短语汉译英
1．对……有影响 ________________
2．沉迷 ________________
3．各种各样的 ________________
4．实际上；事实上 ________________
5．移动设备 ________________
6．关心 ________________
7．除此之外 ________________
8．在某人看来 ________________
9．一系列的；一连串的 ________________
10．使某人有能力做某事 ________________
11．为了方便起见 ________________
12．推荐信 ________________
13．承认做了某事 ________________
14．开……的玩笑；捉弄…… ________________
15．做实验 ________________
16．show concern for ________________
17．cheat sb. into doing sth. ________________
18．view...as... ________________
19．subscribe to ________________
20．give a detailed account of ________________
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Virtual ________ (real), VR for short, can be realised through special devices and bring us amazing experiences.
2．He suggested that we should maintain the equipment to ________ (sure) that the experiment could be carried out smoothly.
3．I'm calling to confirm the ________(deliver) of my goods tomorrow.
4．It is really hard for the author to concentrate ________ his novel with the loud noise on.
5．The policeman was rather concerned ________ the old lady who was tricked out of money due to identity theft.
6．In his opinion, his job as a software engineer is tiring but ________ (reward).
7．To learn Chinese well, you should form a solid basis. In ________ (add), you should read a variety of books.
8．While reading, you should focus ________ the content rather than the fancy pictures of the book.
9．________ (brief) speaking, to avoid being cheated online, you should protect your identity card number and phone number well.
10．Download the app, and you will find the ________(locate) of the hotel on it easily.
11．Nowadays a variety of courses are provided at universities. Some of them are compulsory, while others are ________(option).
12．Many images in the game are ________ (imagine). To be honest, I think the game designers are creative indeed.
13．I fancy I will have a chance to explore the ________ (amaze) place one day.
14．Obviously he gave out much of his friends' ________(private) in his blog.
15．Most people in China are ________ (access) to the Internet, which enables people to explore the world freely.

Ⅲ.单句写作
1．所有的汽车都要检查，以确保货物能按时送到门口。(ensure, deliver)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．父母关心孩子是否能专心学习。(be concerned with, concentrate on)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．此外，你应该定期读一系列的书。(a series of, on a regular basis)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．我们应该把注意力集中在我们能接触到的材料上。(focus one's attention on，be accessible to)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．为了方便，我在智能手机上下载了很多应用程序。(download apps, for convenience)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．他承认他的父亲对他的性格有很大的影响。(admit, have a great effectii on)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7．当局实施了各种政策来鼓励人们探索这个未知的岛屿。(authority, a variety of policies, explore)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8．显然，他很关心人们是否同意他的计划。(obviously, be concerned with, subscribe to)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
9．事实上，30岁以下的人占网民总数的大多数，其中一些人对网络上瘾。(in reality, account for, be addicted to)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
10．我想确认一下你们中有多少人赞成学生带移动设备去学校。(confirm, in favour of, mobile device)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________


















必修第二册
UNIT 4　INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
基础回顾·自主排查区
核心词汇
1．effect　2.maintain　3.admit　4.basis　5.subscribe
6．concern　7.deliver　8.focus　9.experiment　10.favour
阅读词汇
1．表情符号　2.意见；看法；主张　3.平板电脑；药片；碑，牌
4．人物简介；传略　5.内容　6.没有什么价值的；微不足道的
7．幻想作品　8.(网络上代表个人的)头像，虚拟替身，图标　9.虚拟的；模拟的　10.性别
拓展词汇
1．optional　2.convenient　3.pressure　pressing
4．interview　interviewer　5.variety　various　6.creative　creativity　7.sensible　8.imagine　imagination　imaginary　9.obviously　10.accessible
高频短语
1．self-focused　2.Virtual Reality　3.mobile device　4.focus on　5.be addicted to　6.Augmented Reality　7.be concerned with　8.thought-provoking　9.a variety of　10.Mixed Reality　11.in addition
典型句式
1．so　that　2.why　3.While/When waiting for
4．that　5.a pity　where
核心考点·互动探究区
第一版块|重点单词
1．①enable　②ability　③unable　④to communicate
⑤to prepare　⑥enables
2．①for　②convenience　③for　④conveniently
⑤inconvenience　⑥inconvenient　⑦at　⑧convenient
3．①on　②on　③influenced　④impact　⑤affected
4．①to　②addicted　③addiction　④smoking　⑤addictive
5．①a　②with　③to　④download software
6．①having stolen　②as　③Admission　④was admitted
⑤to/into　⑥of　⑦that
7．①variety　②varieties　③the　④various　⑤with
⑥between
8．①of　②sensibly　③sensible　④to go　⑤sensitive　⑥sensible
9．①experiments　②experimental　③with
10．①selection　②for　③from　④selective
11．①concerning　②about/over　③with　④for　⑤concerns
⑥concerns
12．①for　②accommodation
13．①ensure　②of　③surely　④that
14．①devices　②mobile devices　③some medical devices
15．①against　②the　③for　④on　⑤pressure
16．①confirmed　②confirmation　③is confirmed　④in
17．①delivery　②was delivered　③from　④to　⑤delivery　⑥发表　⑦递送　⑧生(孩子)
18．①into　②an　③argument　④about　⑤with　⑥against
19．①with　②is replaced　③replaceable　④as
⑤replacement　⑥in　⑦a
20．①concentration　②on　③concentrated　
④We must concentrate our attention on efficiency
⑤We must focus our attention on efficiency
21．①on　②out　③focused　④into　⑤into　⑥the
22．①to/on　②to　③limited　④to/on　⑤be limited
第二版块|重点短语
1．①to　②to　③forward　④out　⑤highly
2．①as　②for　③known
3．①to relate　②related　③to　④related
4．①compared　②with/to　③be compared to
④compared with
5．①in　②with　③in　④with　⑤in　⑥got in touch　
⑦get in touch with
6．①as　②refer to
第三版块|典型句式
1．①had stopped　②had planted　③had been found　
④graduates　⑤will have got
2．①a　②such　③so　④such　⑤so　⑥that　⑦So well have the kids done that they deserve our praise and thanks.
⑧Such an amazing scene was it that all people were attracted by it.
3．①whatever　②whenever　③However　④Whichever
⑤No matter who/Whoever it is
⑥No matter where/Wherever she may be
跟踪演练·强化提升区
Ⅰ.
1．have an effect on　2.be addicted to　3.a variety of　4.in reality　5.mobile device　6.be concerned with　7.in addition
8．in one's opinion　9.a series of　10.enable sb. to do sth.
11．for convenience　12.a letter of recommendation　13.admit doing sth.　14.play a trick on　15.do an experiment
16．对……关心　17.哄骗某人做某事　18.把……看作……
19．订阅；同意；捐款　20.对……作详细的叙述
Ⅱ.
1．Reality　2.ensure　3.delivery　4.on　5.with
6．rewarding　7.addition　8.on　9.Briefly　10.location
11．optional　12.imaginary　13.amazing　14.privacy
15．accessible
Ⅲ.
1．All the cars are checked to ensure that the goods will be delivered to the door on schedule.
2．Parents are concerned with whether the children can concentrate on their study.
3．In addition, you should read a series of books on a regular basis.
4．We should focus our attention on the materials which are accessible to us.
5．I downloaded many apps on my smartphone for convenience.
6．He admitted that his father had a great effect on his personality.
7．The authority carried out a variety of policies to encourage people to explore the unknown island.
8．Obviously, he is rather concerned with whether people will subscribe to his plan.
9．In reality, people under thirty account for most of the netizens, among whom some are addicted to the Internet.
10．I'd like to confirm how many of you are in favour of students' taking mobile devices to school.