高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破8动词的时态和语态 含解析

动词的时态和语态

单句语法填空

1、If nobody buys his tomatoes, it won't be long before he __________(get) the message.

2、Our village has been almost completely cut off from the outside world since they __________(close) the local railway station.

3、I wonder if he __________(be) in time for the train if he starts now.

4、Hurry up! Mr Johnson __________(expect) you in his office.

5、He must have sensed that I __________(look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,"Why are you staring at me like that?”

6、At college,Barack Obama didn’t know that he__________ (become) the first black president of the United States of America.

7、Please don’t give me a call between 9:00 and 11:00 tomorrow. I __________(have) a meeting then.

8、China’s high-speed railways __________(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.

9、When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I__________(not see) for years.

10、Marty__________(work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.

11、I am sorry I can’t meet you at the station. I __________(leave) by the time you come back from abroad.

12、In the near future, I hope more progress __________(make) in farming.

13、Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement__________(reach) so far by the two sides.

14、They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house __________(decorate).

15、The famous musician,as well as his students,__________(invite) to perform-at the opening ceremony of the 2013 Taipei Flower Expo.

16、A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who__________(trap) in the mountains for two days.

17、Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,__________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.

18、Young children's innate abilities should __________(harness) to make these benefits more achievable.

单句改错

1、I felt very upset at first, but the encouragement from my teacher keeps me going ahead.

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2、We haven’t decided yet where we place the new bookshelf tomorrow.

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3、I am glad to hear that you are going to Canada to study. So I was writing to tell you something about this country.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4、She said that she will go that morning.

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5、I am very pleased to say that all of us improved our spoken English greatly so far.

_____________________________________________________________________

6、They said never before have they experienced so interesting a class.

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7、A climbing expedition to Mt. Everest will be organising.

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8、Having turned the backpack inside out,we assumed that it must have left in the taxi.

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9、We both attracted by its beautiful scenery at first sight.

10、In the touring season rooms of every big hotel in the city must reserved in advance.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11、We no sooner reached the station than the train was off.

_____________________________________________________________________

12、When the peace group left Africa last month, they set up more than 200 orphanages.

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答案以及解析

单句语法填空

1答案及解析：

答案：gets

解析：句意:如果没人买他的番茄,过不了多久他就会知道了。It won't be long before…为固定句型, 意为“过不了多久就……引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。

2答案及解析：

答案：closed

解析：当主句用现在完成时态时,since从句中应用一般过去时态。句意:自从这里的铁路车站被关闭以来,我们的村子几乎完全与外界隔绝了。

3答案及解析：

答案：will be

解析：由if he starts now可知,if 引导的宾语从句表示的是将来的状况,所以应填入will be。if引导条件状语从句时,从句中不用将来时态,但引导宾语从句时则不受此限制。句意:我不知道如果他现在就出发的话能否赶上这班火车。

4答案及解析：

答案：is expecting

解析：“Hurry up!”表明约翰逊先生正在他办公室等候,应用现在进行时态。句意:快点!约翰逊先生正在他的办公室等你。

5答案及解析：

答案：was looking

解析：考查时态。由语境可知“我当时正在看他”,故用过去进行时。must have done sth.“一定做过某事”。句意: 他当时一定感觉到了我正在看他。他突然瞥了我一眼,静静地说:“你为什么那样看我?”

6答案及解析：

答案：was to become/would become

解析：考查动词时态。句意:上大学的时候,奥巴马不知道他要成为美国的第一位黑人总统。主句是一般过去时,从句根据句意用过去将来时。表示“注定成为",需要用was to/would become。

7答案及解析：

答案：will be having

解析：句意:明天(上午)9点到11点之间请不要给我打电话,那时我将正在开会。根据语境和时间状语between 9:00 and 11:00 tomorrow可知,此处表达“明天某个时间正在做某事”,即将来进行时: 所以答案为will be having。

8答案及解析：

答案：have grown

解析：句意:在过去的几年里,中国的高速铁路已经从9000公里增长到25000公里。in the past few years "近几年”为现在完成时态的时间状语,故该句应用现在完成时。

9答案及解析：

答案：hadn’t seen

解析：考査时态。由语境可知not see这个动作发生在came across之前,属于过去的过去,故用过去完成时。句意:当我沿着街道散步的时候,遇见了多年未见的大卫。

10答案及解析：

答案：has been working

解析：句意:马蒂一直非常卖力地在写他的书,并且他觉得到星期五他就会写完了。现在完成进行时态表示发生在过去的动作持续到现在并没有结束,将一直持续。

11答案及解析：

答案：will have left

解析：句意:很抱歉我不能到车站去接你了。你从国外回来的时候我就已经走了根据语境可知此处表达:在将来某个时间之前已经完成了某个动作:属于将来完成时,所以答案为will have left.

12答案及解析：

答案：will be made

解析：考查将来时态的被动语态。因为句中的时间状语为In the near future,故可知该句表达将来的意义,且主语more progress与动词make之间为被动关系,故填will be made。

13答案及解析：

答案：has been reached

解析：根据句中的时间状语so far “到目前为止”可知,应用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系,故填入现在完成时的被动式。句意:尽管之前进行了多轮谈判,但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。

14答案及解析：

答案：is being decorated

解析：句意:目前他们和父母住在一起,因为他们自己的房子正在装修,根据语境可和,此处动作正在进行之中,decorate与house之间是被动关系,所以此处应该用现在进行时的被动语态。且 their own house 是单数形式,所以答案为 is being decorated。

15答案及解析：

答案：was invited

解析：as well as连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。因题干中的主语和谓语为被动关系,且开幕式发生在过去,故填入was invited。句意:这位著名的音乐家和他的学生们都受邀在2013年台北花卉博览会开幕式上进行表演。

16答案及解析：

答案：had been trapped

解析：句意:一位救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两位在山里被困两天的游客。由句意可知,tourists和trap构成被动关系,且困在山里发生在过去被营救之前,即"过去的过去",再结合时间状语for two days可知,应填入过去完成时。

17答案及解析：

答案：is regarded

解析：句意:现如今,与慢跑和游泳一起,骑自行车运动被视为最好的、最全面的运动形式之一。设空处是句子的谓语动词,主语与regard之间是被动关系句子的主语是cycling, along with后的名词不影响谓语的数,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。根据时间状语Nowadays可知时态为一般现在时。

18答案及解析：

答案：be harnessed

单句改错    

1答案及解析：

答案：I felt very upset at first, but the encouragement from my teacher  me going ahead.

解析：句意:起初我感到非常不安,但是老师的鼓励使我继续向前。根据第一个分句中的谓语动词felt可知第二个分句介绍的应是过去的事情.需用一般过去时,故将keeps改为kept。

2答案及解析：

答案：We haven’t decided yet where we  place the new bookshelf tomorrow

3答案及解析：

答案：I am glad to hear that you are going to Canada to study. So I  writing to tell you something about this country.

解析：句意:听说你要去加拿大学习,我很高兴。因此我写信告诉你这个国家的一些情况.根据语境可知说话者正在写信,故用现在进行时,故将was改为am.

4答案及解析：

答案： She said that she go that morning.

5答案及解析：

答案：I am very pleased to say that all of us  improved our spoken English greatly so far.

解析：句意:我很高兴地说,到目前为止,我们所有人的英语口语都有了很大的提高.时间状语so far与现在完成时连用,且从句的主语是all of us,所以应在improved前加have。

6答案及解析：

答案：They said never before  they experienced so interesting a class.

解析：句意:他们说自己以前从未上过这么有趣的课. 主句They said用了一般过去时,其后的宾语从句应用过去完成时:本句为倒装语序,其正常语序为 They said they had never experienced so interesting a class before.

7答案及解析：

答案： organising→organised

解析： organise同主语之间为被动关系。

8答案及解析：

答案：Having turned the backpack inside out,we assumed that it must have  left in the taxi.

解析：句意:在把背包翮过来之后.我们认为它一定是被落在出租车上了.宾语从句中的主语it和leave(落下)在逻辑上是被动关系.must have done表示对过去情况的肯定猜测,其被动形式为 must have been done。

9答案及解析：

答案：We  both attracted by its beautiful scenery at first sight.

解析：句意:乍一看我们俩就都被眼前美丽的景色吸引住了。主语We和attract之间在逻辑上为被动关系,且此处在讲述过去的事,故在both前加were.

10答案及解析：

答案：In the touring season rooms of every big hotel in the city must  reserved in advance.

11答案及解析：

答案：We  no sooner reached the station than the train was off.

12答案及解析：

答案：When the peace group left Africa last month, they set up more than 200 orphanages.