天津市河西区2022-2023学年高一英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份天津市河西区2022-2023学年高一英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析），共20页。

河西区2022-2023学年度第二学期高一年级期末质量调查
英语试卷
Ⅰ.听力(共两节，满分15分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What juice does the man order?
A. Lemon. B. Apple. C. Orange.
2. What subject does the man like best?
A. History. B. Biology. C. Chemistry.
3. Where is the woman from?
A. Britain. B. Russia. C. America.
4. What kind of student bus pass does the woman want?
A. Weekly. B. Monthly. C. Yearly.
5. What are the two speakers going to buy for Mary’s birthday?
A. A bicycle. B. A pen. C. A book.
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
听下面3段材料。每段材料有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至8小题。
6. Why does the man go to the ABC Company?
A. He has a job interview. B. He signs an agreement. C. He repairs a printer.
7. What does the woman need?
A. Some ink. B. A printer. C. Some paper.
8. What problem does the man have?
A. He can’t send a text message.
B. He can’t hear the woman clearly.
C. He can’t be back to the office soon.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。
9. What does the woman plan to do at first?
A. To stay at home. B. To eat out. C. To see a film.
10. When will the two speakers meet?
A. At 11:00 am. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 4:00 pm.
11. What is the man trying to do?
A. To introduce a new pizza to the woman.
B. To remind the woman to relax herself.
C To invite the woman to see a movie.
听下面一段独白，回答第 12至第15小题。
12. How old is the speaker’s father?
A. 60 years old. B. 50 years old. C. 40 years old.
13. When did the family visit the Design Museum?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
14. How did the family go to Hyde Park?
A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By train.
15. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. Amazing attractions in London.
B. A four-day trip to London.
C. A dream about London.
Ⅱ.单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —I will never go back to school again. It's a tough period in my life.
— ________. Who knows what may happen tomorrow.
A. Forget it B. I hope so C. Never say never D. I totally agree
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查常用表达辨析。句意：我再也不会回学校了。这是我人生艰难的时刻。--永远都不要说绝不。没有人知道明天会发生什么。A. forget it 忘了吧；B. I hope so 我希望如此；C. Never say never 永远不要说绝不；D. I totally agree 我完全赞同。根据回答的第二句可知第二个说话人不赞成第一个说话人的过于绝对的观点。故用C项的Never say never“永远不要说绝不”表示一种不同意。故选C项。
2. Who were the first people ________ to have reached the top of Qomolangma?
A. donated B. confirmed C. deserved D. erupted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谁是第一个被证实登上珠穆朗玛峰的人？A. donated捐献；B. confirmed证实，确认；C. deserved值得；D. erupted爆发。分析句子可知，空处是修饰the first people的后置定语，结合“to have reached the top of Qomolangma”可推知，confirmed“证实，确认”符合题意，表示“第一个被证实登上珠穆朗玛峰的人”，confirm和the first people逻辑上是被动关系，所以用confirm的过去分词形式。故选B。
3. I have been convinced that the print media are usually more accurate and more ________ than the Internet.
A. reliable B. incredible C. temporary D. flexible
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直相信，印刷媒体通常比互联网更准确、更可靠。A. reliable可靠；B. incredible不可思议的；C. temporary临时的；D. flexible灵活的。根据句意和上文的“more accurate”可知，此处应是更可靠的。故选A。
4. Such warm weather is ________ uncommon for January.
A. virtually B. initially C. immediately D. exceptionally
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查副词辨析 。句意：这样温暖的天气在一月份是异常罕见的。A.virtually事实上，几乎，实质上；B.initially最初，首先；C.immediately立刻，立即；D.exceptionally异常地，特殊地，例外地。由语意可知，这样温暖的天气在一月份是异常罕见的。故选D。
5. Many new houses ________ for the local people since last year.
A. were built B. are being built C. are building D. have been built
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：自去年以来，为当地人建造了许多新房子。根据时间状语since last year可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态；本句主语houses是动作的承受者，表示房屋被建造，所以空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态的被动语态：has/have been done，主语是复数houses，所以此处助动词需用have。故选D。
6. ________ the environment, it is necessary to create more eco-friendly means of transportation.
A. In terms of B. In search of C. In need of D. In exchange for
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：就环境而言，有必要创造更环保的交通工具。A. In terms of就……而言；B. In search of寻找；C. In need of需要；D. In exchange for交换。根据“it is necessary to create more eco-friendly means of transportation”可推知，句子在从环境方面来考虑创造更环保的交通工具的必要性，In terms of“就……而言”符合题意，意为“就环境而言”。故选A。
7. The young man is running to seek ________ from the rain.
A. shelter B. chapter C. concept D. crowd
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人正在跑去避雨。A. shelter收容所，庇护；B. chapter章节；C. concept概念；D. crowd人群。根据后文“from the rain”可知是寻找遮蔽，故选A。
8. Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
A. were displaying B. are displaying
C. were being displayed D. are being displayed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知，应该用现在进行时；display与主语works之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动。故选D。
9. Her head and arms are missing, but you can imagine her ________ her arms up high, celebrating the result of an ancient battle.
A. held B. to hold C. holding D. having held
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：她的头和手臂都丢失了，但你可以想象她高举双臂，庆祝一场古代战役的胜利。根据celebrating the result of an ancient battle可知此处也要用现在分词形式，作imagine的宾语补足语。短语imagine sb. doing sth.“想象某人…，假定某人…”，强调做事的状态。故选C项。
10. Some scientists have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to ________ his theory of gravity.
A. live up to B. put up with
C. look up to D. come up with
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：一些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑袋，促使他提出了万有引力定律。A.live up to达到；满足；B.put up with忍受；C.look up to仰慕；尊敬；D.come up with提出。根据句中 his theory of gravity，可知此处指提出理论。选项D符合题意，故选D。
11. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help.
A. that B. to whom C. who D. from whom
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是person，指人，turn to sb for help向某人求助，故介词用to，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词whom，故选B。
12. ________ has been proved is that animals have their own means of communication.
A. As B. It C. What D. That
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：事实证明，动物有它们自己的交流方式。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作句子的主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合句意可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故选C。
13. People’s abilities differ, but their rights and opportunities ________ be the same.
A. could B. might C. need D. should
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：人们的能力不同，但他们的权利和机会应该是相同的。A.could可能；B.might或许；C.need需要；D.should应该。结合句意，此处指人们的权利和机会应该是一样的。选项D符合题意，故选D。
14. Encourage your child in his interests and hobbies ________ they're things that you know little about.
A. so that B. even if C. in case D. as if
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：鼓励你的孩子保持兴趣和爱好，即使你对这些事情知之甚少。A.so that以便，为的是；B.even if即使；C.in case以防；D.as if好像。根据句中设空处前后的意思，可知设空后的内容为让步状语，意思为“纵然，即使”，选项B符合题意，故选B。
15. When ________ comes to basketball, Mary knows little about it.
A. one B. it C. that D. this
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：当谈到篮球的时候，玛丽对此知之甚少。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定句型when it comes to...“当谈到……的时候”。故选B。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~45各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I would often watch the kids from my window as they played basketball. One day, among the children a girl ____16____ me. She seemed so small as she pushed her way through the crowd of boys. They always tried to stop her but no one could. She ____17____ to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the basket. Later I often saw her practise alone until dark.
One day I asked her ____18____ she practised so much. Without hesitation, she said, “I want to go to college on a scholarship (奖学金). The only way I can do that is to play basketball well enough. My dad always says to me that if the dream is ____19____ enough, nothing could stop me.”
I ____20____ her through junior high and into high school. One day in her senior year, I saw her ____21____ in the grass, head in her arms. ____22____ I asked her what was wrong. She said softly that she was too short. The coaches told her that she would probably ____23____ get to play for a top college team — much less be offered a scholarship.
Sensing her ____24____, I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She told me that her father said those coaches were ____25____. They didn’t understand the ____26____ of a dream. He told her that if she really wanted to ____27____ for a top college, if she truly wanted a scholarship, nothing could stop her ____28____ one thing — her own attitude.
The next year, the girl was ____29____ a full scholarship to a NCAA women’s basketball team. She was going to ____30____, which she had dreamed of and worked toward for all those years.
16. A. attracted B. worried C. satisfied D. troubled
17. A. expected B. learned C. managed D. remembered
18. A. why B. how C. when D. where
19. A. strange B. bad C. young D. big
20. A. helped B. watched C. taught D. respected
21. A. sleeping B. working C. dancing D. sitting
22. A. Coldly B. Angrily C. Quietly D. Sharply
23. A. frequently B. never C. sometimes D. always
24. A. comfort B. disappointment C. happiness D. relief
25. A. careless B. serious C. impolite D. wrong
26. A. sign B. world C. power D. source
27. A. sing B. teach C. cheer D. play
28. A. for B. except C. from D. with
29. A. offered B. posted C. produced D. donated
30 A. college B. hospital C. shop D. charity
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者看到的一个小女孩的励志故事，她虽然个子矮，但是为了进入大学而努力训练，她的父亲告诉她如果她真的想在一流大学打球，如果她真的想获得奖学金，除了一件事——她自己的态度，没有什么能阻止她。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在一群孩子中，一个女孩吸引了我。A. attracted吸引；B. worried使担心；C. satisfied使满意；D. troubled使忧虑。根据下文“She seemed so small as she pushed her way through the crowd of boys”可知，那个女孩吸引了作者的注意。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的跳投刚好越过他们的头顶，投进了篮筐。A. expected期望；B. learned学习；C. managed设法做到；D. remembered记得。根据上文“They always tried to stop her but no one could”可知，她的跳投刚好越过他们的头顶，投进了篮筐，空格处意为“设法做到”。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我问她为什么这么刻苦地练习。A. why为什么；B. how如何；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文“I want to go to college on a scholarship”可知，此处作者是问她为什么这么刻苦地练习。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸总是对我说，如果梦想足够大，没有什么能阻止我。A. strange奇怪的；B. bad坏的；C. young年轻的；D. big大的。根据倒数第二段的“if she truly wanted a scholarship, nothing could stop her”可知，此处表示“如果梦想足够大，没有什么能阻止我”。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着她从初中到高中。A. helped帮助；B. watched观看；C. taught教；D. respected尊敬。根据第一段的“I would often watch the kids”可知，作者看着她从初中到高中。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她高三的一天，我看见她坐在草地上，双手抱着头。A. sleeping睡觉；B. working工作；C. dancing跳舞；D. sitting坐。根据下文“in the grass, head in her arms”可知，作者看见她坐在草地上，头抱在怀里。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我轻声地问她怎么了。A. Coldly冷淡地；B. Angrily生气地；C. Quietly轻声地；D. Sharply急剧地。根据下文“I asked her what was wrong”可知，作者关心那个女孩，所以是轻声地问。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：教练们告诉她，她可能永远都无法进入一流的大学球队，更不用说获得奖学金了。A. frequently频繁地；B. never从不；C. sometimes有时；D. always总是。根据上文“she was too short”可知，她矮，所以可能永远都无法进入一流的大学球队。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉到她的失望，我问她是否和她爸爸谈过这件事。A. comfort安慰；B. disappointment失望；C. happiness高兴；D. relief宽慰。根据上文“she was too short. The coaches told her that she would probably ____8____ get to play for a top college team — much less be offered a scholarship”可知，她可能进不了一流的大学球队，所以她失望。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我，她父亲说那些教练是错的。A. careless粗心地；B. serious严重的；C. impolite不礼貌的；D. wrong错误的。根据下文“if she really wanted to ____12____ for a top college, if she truly wanted a scholarship, nothing could stop her”可知，教练的说法是错误的。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不明白梦想的力量。A. sign迹象；B. world世界；C. power力量；D. source来源。根据上文“if the dream is ____4____ enough, nothing could stop me”可知，此处表示“他们不明白梦想的力量”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉她，如果她真的想在一流大学打球，如果她真的想获得奖学金，除了一件事——她自己的态度，没有什么能阻止她。A. sing唱歌；B. teach教；C. cheer欢呼；D. play打（球）。根据上文“play for a top college team”可知，此处表示“如果她真的想在一流大学打球”，空格处用play。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：他告诉她，如果她真的想在一流大学打球，如果她真的想获得奖学金，除了一件事——她自己的态度，没有什么能阻止她。A. for为了；B. except除了；C. from从……；D. with和。根据下文“her own attitude”可知，此处表示“如果她真的想在一流大学打球，如果她真的想获得奖学金，除了一件事——她自己的态度，没有什么能阻止她”，空格处意为“除了”，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二年，这个女孩获得了NCAA女子篮球队的全额奖学金。A. offered提供；B. posted邮寄；C. produced生产；D. donated捐赠。根据下文“a full scholarship”可知，她被提供了全额奖学金。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她要上大学了，这是她多年来一直梦想和努力的目标。A. college大学；B. hospital医院；C. shop商店；D. charity慈善。根据下文“which she had dreamed of and worked toward for all those years”和第二段的“I want to go to college”可知，此处表示“她要上大学了”。故选A。
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
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A. different people have different purposes
B. talking with the natives is very necessary
C. understanding foreign cultures is necessary
D. using software is the most effective way
32. What is the disadvantage of Tell Me More?
A. It lacks language learning methods.
B. It offers no interactive activities.
C. It costs much more than the others.
D. It provides no interesting videos for children.
33. Users of Talk Now will have difficulty improving their fluency because __________.
A. it doesn’t focus on grammar
B. it doesn’t offer interactive activities
C. it costs the users very little money
D. its users are usually small kids
34. Which of the apps best suits users with poor pronunciation?
A. Tell Me More. B. Talk Now.
C. Instant Immersion. D. Kid Speak.
35. The author wrote this passage to __________.
A. introduce some language learning software to us
B. tell us the importance of learning a foreign language
C. tell us the advantages and disadvantages of some software
D. encourage us to use software in learning foreign languages
【答案】31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章为想学一门语言的人推荐了一些语言学习软件。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Some people learn a foreign language because they want to communicate with the local people. Some other people are just curious about foreign cultures. (有些人学习一门外语是因为他们想和当地人交流。还有一些人只是对外国文化好奇。)”可知，不同的人学习一门语言有不同的目的。故选A项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tell Me More部分中“However, the software does not come cheap as it costs around $250. (然而，这款软件并不便宜，售价约为250美元。)”、Talk Now!部分中“This software will cost you around $40 (这个软件将花费你大约40美元)”、Instant Immersion部分中“It will cost you around $30 (大约要30美元)”和Kid Speak部分中“it will cost you around $30 (大约要30美元)”可知，Tell Me More的缺点是售价比其他的贵得多。故选C项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据Talk Now!部分中“The disadvantages are that there is very little focus on grammar and there is a clear lack of interactive activities (缺乏互动性活动) for users so it does not result in fluency. (缺点是很少关注语法，并且明显缺乏互动性活动，所以它不会带来流利。)”可知，这款软件的用户将很难提高他们的流利程度，因为它没有提供互动活动。故选B项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据Instant Immersion部分中“The learning courses are highly interactive, and the ever present speech recognition feature ensures that you are getting the pronunciation right when you speak. (学习课程是高度互动的，并且始终存在的语音识别功能确保您在说话时获得正确的发音。)”可知，这款软件适合发音不好的用户。故选C项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Whatever your reason may be, the best foreign language software around will certainly help you pick up the language in a few weeks. (不管你的原因是什么，最好的外语软件肯定会帮助你在几周内学会这门语言。)”可推知，文章的写作目的是给想学一门语言的读者介绍一些语言学习软件。故选A项。
B
There’s a small brick house I visit from time to time. It’s not the house that is special, but rather the person who lives inside.
I met Jenny about 45 years ago when she was my sister’s kindergarten teacher. I remember looking into her classroom wishing I was her student. Jenny created a safe place where we could be whatever we wanted to be in that moment. My parents told me I could start school when I was 4. Though, when I turned 4 in the spring, I couldn’t understand why I had to wait until September.
For as long as I can remember, I’ve wanted to be a teacher. When I graduated, I couldn’t wait to invite Jenny to my classroom. She arrived one day, and I saw joy on my students’ faces singing the same songs I sang with her as a child. As a new teacher, I marveled at how she connected with children. For years, Jenny volunteered in my classroom.
Over the years we have shared in each other’s ups and downs. She asks me for updates about my family and friends, and she tells me about hers.
I am here for her now as the time to sell her house is near. I bring up boxes from her basement. We go through every painting a student has given her, every thank-you note a parent has written and her teaching aids.
I find papers featuring the letters of the alphabet. I find my own name printed in green marker. Suddenly, my mind goes back to Room 3.
More than 40 years ago, Jenny sat on the carpet at her feet. We learned about the letters and their sounds. Now, Jenny sits on her rocking chair, and I find myself sitting at her feet. Over tea, we talk for hours. I listen intently because I know I still have more to learn from her.
Our friendship is one that neither one of us expected. Educators know teaching is a profession devoted to the development of young individuals. The lucky ones get to see what their students have done with their lives. The exceptional ones never leave their students’ hearts.
36. What is the best title of the passage?
A. A small brick house. B. Unexpected friendship.
C. A kindergarten teacher. D. Letters of the alphabet.
37. What does the underlined words “marveled at” mean in English?
A. To be surprised at. B. To be satisfied with.
C. To be disappointed at. D. To be angry with.
38. According to the passage, what did the author do after she graduated?
A. A singer. B. A painter. C. A teacher. D. A volunteer.
39. What do we know from the last paragraph?
A. Teachers play an important role in the development of students.
B. Every teacher will never leave their students’ hearts.
C. Every teacher will know what their students do with their lives.
D. Student are lucky enough to make friends with their teachers.
40. Which of the following is true?
A. Jenny taught the author painting pictures.
B. The author received thank-notes from the parents.
C. The author often visited Jenny’s basement.
D. The author has learned a lot from Jenny.
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和Jenny之间意想不到的友谊故事，第一次见到Jenny的时候，作者就想成为她的学生。在她的影响下，作者成为了一名教师，多年来两人一直保持亲密的联系。
【36题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文可知，作者讲述了自己和Jenny之间意想不到的友谊故事，第一次见到Jenny的时候，作者就想成为她的学生。在她的影响下，作者成为了一名教师，多年来两人一直保持亲密的联系。因此，B项“意想不到的友谊”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选B项。
【37题详解】
短语猜测题。根据第三段中“She arrived one day, and I saw joy on my students’ faces singing the same songs I sang with her as a child. As a new teacher, I marveled at how she connected with children. (有一天她来了，我看到我的学生们脸上洋溢着喜悦，唱着我小时候和她一起唱的歌。作为一名新老师，我对她与孩子们相处的方式……。)”可知，Jenny和作者的学生相处的时候，让他们唱着作者小时候唱的歌，让他们非常快乐。由此推知，作者会对这种相处方式感到惊讶，marveled at应该表示“对……感到惊讶”。故选A项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For as long as I can remember, I’ve wanted to be a teacher. When I graduated, I couldn’t wait to invite Jenny to my classroom. (从我记事起，我就一直想成为一名教师。当我毕业的时候，我迫不及待地邀请Jenny到我的教室。)”可知，作者毕业后成为了一名教师。故选C项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Educators know teaching is a profession devoted to the development of young individuals. The lucky ones get to see what their students have done with their lives. The exceptional ones never leave their students’ hearts. (教育工作者知道教学是一项致力于年轻个体发展的职业。幸运的人可以看到他们的学生用他们的生活做了什么。优秀的老师永远不会离开学生的心。)”可知，教师致力于年轻个体的发展，对学生的生活和心灵产生深刻的影响。因此，教师在学生的发展中发挥着重要作用。故选A项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I listen intently because I know I still have more to learn from her. (我专心地听着，因为我知道我还有很多东西要向她学习。)”和最后一段中“The exceptional ones never leave their students’ hearts. (优秀的老师永远不会离开学生的心。)”可知，D项“作者从Jenny身上学到很多”与文章内容相符。故选D项。


C
Natural disasters can cause environmental changes. How will cities use technology to maintain (维持) power during natural disasters in the future? Some smart middle school students are already thinking about this question.
Teams of students from around the world explained their ideas on this topic at the Future City competition, which recently took place in Washington, DC. Students from Justice Page Middle School in Minneapolis, US, were on one of the teams.
Instead of using popular technologies like flying cars and AI, the students from Justice Page Middle School took a more simple approach to the topic. They spent weeks developing their ideas and building a model to show them. They chose the city of Maui in Hawaii as the setting for their project. They chose this city because several different kinds of natural disasters had happened there in the past.
In their project, they covered roofs in the city with solar panels (太阳能电池板), which can produce and store power. When a power failure happens, the stored power can be sent to different neighborhoods.
The students brought their model to life with 3D printing technology. They printed the parts they needed. To make the model more real, they made a base out of wood and grass. The model has lights and even a small train that travels back and forth.
The team did not win the competition, but the experience was valuable. One competitor of the team, Ryan Rowell, 13, said he thought it was cool to think about things that he hadn’t considered before. He also saw how other teams advertise their models and interesting ideas. He said he wanted to keep learning about engineering.
41. Which word can be used to describe the competition?
A. National. B. Unfair. C. Meaningless. D. Technological.
42. The underlined word “approach” in Para 3 can be replaced by “________”.
A. model B. way C. service D. task
43. Paragraph 4 is written to ________.
A. explain how a power failure happens B. show how the students’ project works
C. list the ideas that the students used D. explain why the students’ model succeeds
44. What do we know about the team from Justice Page Middle School?
A. They won the competition in the end.
B. They made great efforts for their project.
C. They chose Minneapolis as the setting for their project.
D. They wanted to use popular technologies in the competition.
45. What do we know about Ryan Rowell?
A. He learned a lot in the competition. B. He was a teacher in Justice Page Middle School.
C. He thought advertising his team’s idea was hard. D. He was disappointed at losing the competition.
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. B 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近在华盛顿特区举行的未来城市竞赛中，来自世界各地的学生团队想出了在未来的自然灾害中，城市将如何利用技术来维持电力的方法。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“How will cities use technology to maintain(维持) power during natural disasters in the future? Some smart middle school students are already thinking about this question.(在未来的自然灾害中，城市将如何利用技术来维持电力？一些聪明的中学生已经在思考这个问题了)”可推知，比赛是技术性的。故选D。
【42题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Instead of using popular technologies like flying cars and AI, the students from Justice Page Middle School took a more simple”可知，上文提到了飞行汽车和人工智能等流行技术方式，这些学生没有采用这种方法，而是采用了更简单的方法来解决这个问题。由此可知，划线词意思是“方法”。故选B。
43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In their project, they covered roofs in the city with solar panels(太阳能电池板), which can produce and store power. When a power failure happens, the stored power can be sent to different neighborhoods.(在他们的项目中，他们在城市的屋顶上覆盖了太阳能电池板，可以产生和储存电力。当发生电力故障时，储存的电力可以被送到不同的社区)”可推知，第4段是为了展示学生的项目是如何进行的。故选B。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“They spent weeks developing their ideas and building a model to show them.( 他们花了几个星期的时间来发展他们的想法，并建立一个模型来展示它们)”以及倒数第二段“The students brought their model to life with 3D printing technology. They printed the parts they needed. To make the model more real, they made a base out of wood and grass. The model has lights and even a small train that travels back and forth.(学生们用3D打印技术将他们的模型变为现实。他们打印出他们需要的部件。为了使模型更真实，他们用木头和草做了一个底座。这个模型有灯，甚至还有一列来回行驶的小火车)”可知，Justice Page Middle School为他们的项目付出了巨大的努力。故选B。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“One competitor of the team, Ryan Rowell, 13, said he thought it was cool to think about things that he hadn’t considered before. He also saw how other teams advertise their models and interesting ideas. He said he wanted to keep learning about engineering.(该队的一名选手，13岁的Ryan Rowell说，他觉得思考以前没有考虑过的事情很酷。他还看到了其他团队如何宣传他们的模型和有趣的想法。他说他想继续学习工程学)”可知，Ryan Rowell在比赛中学到了很多东西。故选A。
Ⅴ.阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。
A Dutch company has developed technology to follow the movements and activities of cows. The high-tech system, powered by AI and motion sensors (运动传感器), is called “The Intelligent Dairy Farmer’s Assistant”. The company, Connecterra, developed the system in the United States in December 2017 after several years of testing and operations in Europe.
A device (设备) is put around the neck of the cow to record its movements. The information is then collected by a computer that uses AI to learn about the animal’s behavior over time. The system can tell farmers what the cow is doing in real time. This information can help predict when cows get sick or become less productive.
Richard Watson owns the Seven Oaks Dairy in Waynesboro, Georgia. He is one of the first American farmers to use the high-tech system. “It can pick up whether the cow is eating, whether it is walking, whether it is drinking, whether it is running or standing up.” Watson said the system was a big help because it was impossible for farmers to keep up with the activities of each cow individually (个别地). He added that having a computer show which of his 2,000 cows need attention could help improve farm productivity by up to 10 percent. He says this difference could greatly increase his profits.
The leader of Connecterra, Yasir Khokhar, says the idea for the system came while he was living on a farm south of Amsterdam. He says modern agriculture greatly needs new technology like this. The company says information about the cows can be collected and seen on a smartphone or other mobile devices. He says he will see the technology being used in many large farming systems if it continues to be successful over time.
46. What can the system tell farmers? (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________
47. Why did Richard Watson say the system was a big help? (no more than 15 words)
__________________________________________________________
48. What does the underlined word “profits” in Paragraph 3 mean? (no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________
49. When did Yasir Khokhar come up with the idea of the system? (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________
50. What do you think of the system on the farm? Explain your reasons. (no more than 20 words)
__________________________________________________________
【答案】46. What the cow is doing in real time.
47. Because it helped farmers to keep up with the activities of each cow.
48. The money he makes./Incomes./Earnings.
49. While he was living on a farm south of Amsterdam.
50. I think it is smart and useful, because it can help the farmers manage their cows’ health.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家荷兰公司开发了一种技术，可以跟踪奶牛的动作和活动，从而帮助农民预测奶牛的行为，提高生产力。
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The system can tell farmers what the cow is doing in real time. (该系统可以实时告诉农民奶牛在做什么)”可知，这个系统可以实时告诉农民奶牛在做什么。故答案为What the cow is doing in real time.
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Watson said the system was a big help because it was impossible for farmers to keep up with the activities of each cow individually (个别地). (Watson说，这个系统有很大的帮助，因为农民不可能单独跟踪每头奶牛的活动。)”可知，Watson认为这个系统帮助很大是因为它可以帮助农民单独跟踪每头奶牛的活动。故答案为Because it helped farmers to keep up with the activities of each cow.
【48题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据第三段中“He added that having a computer show which of his 2,000 cows need attention could help improve farm productivity by up to 10 percent. He says this difference could greatly increase his profits. (他补充说，让电脑显示他的2000头奶牛中哪些需要照顾，可以帮助农场提高10%的生产力。他说，这种差异可以大大增加他的profits)”可知，系统可以帮助提高生产力。由此推知，Watson的利润可以增加，profits应该意为“利润”，即赚的钱，或者说收入、收益。故答案为The money he makes./Incomes./Earnings.
【49题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“The leader of Connecterra, Yasir Khokhar, says the idea for the system came while he was living on a farm south of Amsterdam. (Connecterra的领导人Yasir Khokhar说，这个系统的想法是他住在阿姆斯特丹南部的一个农场时产生的)”可知，Yasir Khokhar住在阿姆斯特丹南部的一个农场时产生了这个想法。故答案为While he was living on a farm south of Amsterdam.
【50题详解】
开放性试题。本题言之有理即可。例如，根据文章描述的该系统可以跟踪奶牛的动作和活动，帮助农民预测奶牛生病的情况可推知，该系统聪明而且有用，因为可以帮助农民管理奶牛的健康。故答案为I think it is smart and useful, because it can help the farmers manage their cows’ health.
Ⅵ.书面表达(满分15分)
51. 假设你是晨光中学的李津，为宣传世界环境日，你校将举办主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示，写一篇演讲稿。
主要内容包括：
1.目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞问题；
2.骑自行车的益处，既能环保，有利健康等。
注意：1词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：低碳生活 low-carbon life 节能 energy saving
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Good morning, everyone,
I am Li Jin from Chenguang Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.
As is known to us all, there is an increasing number of cars on roads. We can now drive to work, to go shopping, to visit friends and even to travel across the country. Though they bring us great convenience, cars also go hand in hand with air pollution as well as traffic jams.
How to solve these problems is a great challenge to everyone. My suggestion is that we should ride bicycles. There is no doubt that riding bicycles can surely do us good. Firstly, riding bicycles means using cars less, which is a good way to decrease traffic jams. Secondly, riding bikes is environmentally friendly because it doesn’t cause air pollution and it is beneficial to our health. What’s more, bicycles are so handy and convenient that you can go wherever you like and do not need to look for a large parking lot.
Since there are so many advantages, why not join us and ride bicycles?
Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生撰写的是一篇主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲的演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
众所周知：As is known to us all→It is known to us all that
建议：suggestion→advice
有益于：be beneficial to→be of benefit to
此外：what’s more→besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.
拓展句：The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”, about which I have something to share.
【点睛】[高分句型1]As is known to us all, there is an increasing number of cars on roads. We can now drive to work, to go shopping, to visit friends and even to travel across the country.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]My suggestion is that we should ride bicycles.(运用了that引导表语从句)
听力答案：1-5 CABBC 6-10 BCBAA 11-15 CCABB