甘肃高考英语写作分类训练：应用文

应用文

1．假定你是李华，你的美国网友Jack来信说他和一家人都很喜欢吃中餐，向你请教如何在中餐馆选择健康的中餐。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容主要包括：1.分量适当，避免浪费；2.蔬菜为主，少油少盐；3.蒸、煮为佳，不加味精(MSG) 。

注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jack,

I’m glad that your family like Chinese food.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

2．假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Michael正在一家孔子学院学习汉语和中国文化，知道中国人很重视家风传承。他在给你的电子邮件中想了解你家的家风以及家风对你的影响。请你给他回复一封电子邮件。开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

注意：1. 词数110左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：家风family spirit  

良好品质 good qualities  

代代相传pass on from generation to generation

Dear Michael，

I'm glad to receive your email in which you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirit.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours ,

Li Hua

3．假定你是某重点高中学生会主席李华，你市正在迎接创建全国文明城市检查，请你以学生会名义写一篇倡议书，倡议大家积极为创建文明城市做准备，内容应包括：

1. 爱护公共环境，保持校内外卫生清洁

2. 遵守交通规则，文明骑车

3. 提倡志愿服务精神，奉献他人

4. 其他

注意：1词数120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

全国文明城市 a National civilized city    志愿服务精神   volunteerism

Dear fellow students：

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4．假设你将组织本班的毕业聚会，谈谈你的具体设想并说明理由。

内容必须包括:

1. 明确聚会将在何时，何地，以何种形式举行

2. 简述你的理由

(文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称)

词数100左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5．假如你是李华，是某中学的高一新生。请你给以前的好朋友王明写封信，介绍你现在各方面的情况。信中包括以下内容：

1.学校环境优美，有一个很大的操场，绿树成荫；

2.老师对学生在学习上要求严格，生活中很友好，关心同学；

3.身边的同学都很优秀，很勤奋，彼此相处融洽；

4.高中生活充满压力，但是在老师的帮助下，你充满信心，一定会不断取得进步。

注意：1.内容应包括以上要点，可以适当发挥，增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2.词数100左右。

对某人要求严格：be strict with

Dear Wang Ming,

I am a freshman studying in Senior High school.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours

Li Hua

6．假定你是李华，你所在的学校正在举办“保护动植物宣传周”活动，请你以保护野生动植物为主题，写一篇演讲稿，题目自拟，内容包括：

1.许多野生动植物处于濒危状态；

2.保护野生动植物的重要性；

3.号召同学们积极行动起来。

要求：1. 词数100词左右

2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数。

Dear Class

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thanks for your listening.

7．全球气候变暖是目前人类面临的最大环境问题。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，为“怎样保护环境”献计献策。

背景： 随着经济的发展，更多的温室气体被排放（be discharged into）到大气中，其中大约70%为二氧化碳(CO2)，这也是全球变暖的主要原因之一。

后果：海平面上升；自然灾害频繁发生。

措施：1.节约能源；

2.在可能的情况下以步代车；

3……

4……

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8．学校校报需要招聘一名英文版编辑，假设你是校报编辑，请代表编辑部用英文写一则招聘启事。内容要点如下：

1. 要求：擅长英语和画画；能熟练使用电脑；乐于为同学服务等；

2. 工作内容：编辑学生的英文来稿；负责英语栏目设计等；

3. 有意者请在下周五前与校报编辑部联系。

注意： 1. 词数 100 左右；

2. 不要逐字翻译，可适当发挥。

3. 参考词汇：栏目 column；编辑部 editorial office

An English Editor Wanted

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Editorial office

9．美国学生Peter想交一个中国学生作笔友，你想成为他的笔友。请根据下面提示，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，给他写一封100词左右的回信。

1. 你叫李华，独生子，父母都是老师，他们工作努力；

2. 你是高一年级学生，爱好打篮球；你的学校很大很漂亮，同学老师都很友好；

3. 表明写信意图，希望他给你回信，并且保持联系。

Dear Peter,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

10．学校正在组织科技创新大赛，想让同学们为日常生活中某件物品设计添加新功能，请以my magic shoes 为题写一篇英语短文，介绍你的创意。要点包括：

1. 说明设计理由；

2. 介绍新功能。

注意：1. 词数120字左右；2.不能出现真实姓名。

1．Dear Jack,

I’m glad that your family like Chinese food.As you approach Chinese food culture, you will be surprised at its diversity and delicacy.In China, cooking is not only a window to present skills, but also a way to show the regimen of Chinese people.Here are some tips on how to choose healthy Chinese food in restaurants.

First of all, as is known to all, it’s a great virtue to be thrifty in China, which helps people raise the awareness of cherishing food, so try to order the appropriate amount of food when you have a dinner with your friend.Additionally, in spite of the variety of cooking across China, good cooking shares one thing in common: that’s to always maintain the balance between meats, grains and vegetables.That’s why a Chinese dish with more vegetables and less oil and salt is a better alternative.Last but not least, having a built-in weakness for calorie-dense food is a way for modern people to release the stress form life, people tend to choose dishes cooked in the way of frying and roasting, which is harmful to us.For the sake of health, boiled and steamed ones without MSG are supposed to put the first place to have a better lifestyle.

If you want to know more relevant information about it, please don’t hesitate to drop me a line.Have a good appetite!

Yours

Li Hu

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，考生的美国网友Jack来信说他和一家人都很喜欢吃中餐，向考生请教如何在中餐馆选择健康的中餐。请考生用英语给他写一封回信。

【详解】1. 词汇积累

尽管：in spite of→ despite

维持：maintain→ sustain

选择： alternative→ choice

惊讶的：surprised→ astonished

2. 句式拓展

合并简单句

原句：Here are some tips on how to choose healthy Chinese food in restaurants.

拓展句：Here are some tips on how to choose healthy Chinese food in restaurants，which will be  beneficial to you.

【点睛】[高分句型1] That’s why a Chinese dish with more vegetables and less oil and salt is a better alternative.（why引导的表语从句）

[高分句型2] First of all, as is known to all, it’s a great virtue to be thrifty in China, which helps people raise the awareness of cherishing food, so try to order the appropriate amount of food when you have a dinner with your friend.（as引导的非限制性定语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句，when引导的时间状语从句）

2．I'm glad to receive your email in which you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirit. Well，there are many good qualities that have been passed on from generation to generation in my family. My parents always lay emphasis on the importance of honesty，bravery，perseverance and diligence and they have set good examples to me and my brother.

My family spirit has a profound influence on me. I'm always friendly to others and ready to help others. I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. Owing to those good qualities，I have made great achievements in my study and life.

Yours，

Li Hua

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给正在孔子学院学习汉语和中国文化的Michael回复邮件，讲述你家的家风以及家风对你的影响。

【详解】1.词汇积累

传递：pass on→ hand down

强调：lay emphasis on→ lay stress on

对……有影响：have an influence on→ have an effect on

因为：owing to→ because of

2.句式拓展

合并简单句

原句：My family spirit has a profound influence on me. I'm always friendly to others and ready to help others.

拓展句：My family spirit has so profound an influence on me that I'm always friendly to others and ready to help others.

【点睛】【高分句型1】Well，there are many good qualities that have been passed on from generation to generation in my family.（运用了that引导的定语从句）

【高分句型2】I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties.（运用了even though引导的让步状语从句）

3．

It is known to all that our city is trying to build a national civilized city to create a better living environment for us. I am writing to call on all of you to make joint efforts towards this goal.

As students, we can do many things to help. First of all, it's important to care for the public environment and keep our school clean. For example, we mustn't drop litter or make loud noise. Second, we are supposed to always obey the traffic rules. Third, it would be helpful to have the volunteerism and volunteer in our spare time encouraging other citizens to behave properly. More importantly, improving ourselves is a good way to make us more civilized.

Dear fellow students, let's work together to make our city a better place!

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以学生会名义写一篇倡议书，倡议大家积极为创建文明城市做准备。

【详解】1.词汇积累

共同的：mutual=joint

首先：firstly→first of all

应该：should→be supposed to

空闲的：free=spare

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：As students, we can do many things to help.

拓展句：Although we are students, we can do many things to help.

【点睛】[高分句型1] More importantly, improving ourselves is a good way to make us more civilized. (运用了动名词作主语)

[高分句型2] Let's work together to make our city a better place! (运用了to do不定式作目的状语)

4．To celebrate our graduation and say farewell to each other, our class decide to hold a graduation party at 5 pm next Sunday in the lecture hall. On the party, our teachers and parents will be invited to the party, because they have devoted and will devote a lot to our study and life. Therefore, on behalf of us, our monitor will deliver a speech to show our gratitude to them. Then, the highlight is that we will give presents to each other, such as photo albums, books, for these things will symbolize our everlasting friendship and witness the years we have spent together and chased our dreams together.

I’m sure everyone will have fun and the wonderful party will always be in our mind.

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就组织本班的毕业聚会谈谈自己的具体设想并说明理由。

【详解】1.词汇积累

告别：farewell →goodbye

感激：gratitude →appreciation →thanks

代表：symbolize→ stand for

礼物：present=gift

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：Therefore, on behalf of us, our monitor will deliver a speech to show our gratitude to them.

拓展句：Therefore, on behalf of us, our monitor will deliver a speech in which he will show our gratitude to them.

【点睛】[高分句型1] On the party, our teachers and parents will be invited to the party, because they have devoted and will devote a lot to our study and life.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）

[高分句型2] Then, the highlight is that we will give presents to each other, such as photo albums, books, for these things will symbolize our everlasting friendship and witness the years we have spent together and chased our dreams together.（运用了that引导的表语从句，for引导的原因状语从句，以及省略了that的定语从句）

5．Dear Wang Ming,

  I am a freshman studying in Senior High school. I’m writing to tell you my lifestyle in the new school.  

  Our school is very beautiful with a big playground. There are green trees and all kinds of sweet flowers all the year round. The teachers are very strict with us in study, but after class, they are friendly and care about us very much. My new classmates are all very excellent and always working very hard. They help me a lot in study as well as in my daily life and we get along with each other quite well.

Stressful as the school life is, I am full of confidence. I think with the help of my teachers, I will make progress.

Yours,

Li Hua

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，考生是某中学的高一新生。请考生给以前的好朋友王明写封信，介绍你自己现在各方面的情况。

【详解】1. 词汇积累

漂亮的：beautiful→ pretty

关心，照顾：care about→ take care of

各种各样的： all kinds of→ varieties of

充满： be full of → be filled with

2. 句式拓展

合并简单句

原句：Our school is very beautiful with a big playground. There are green trees and all kinds of sweet flowers all the year round.

拓展句：Our school is very beautiful with a big playground，where there are green trees and all kinds of sweet flowers all the year round.

【点睛】[高分句型1] Stressful as the school life is, I am full of confidence.（as引导的部分倒装句）

[高分句型2] I think with the help of my teachers, I will make progress.（省略that的宾语从句）

6．Dear schoolmates

Today I’ll give a speech with the topic of protecting the wild animals and plants. We are not alone in the world. We human beings could not live without wildlife. First of all, wildlife plays a very important role in keeping the balance of nature. Secondly, plants help human beings adjust to the climate, beautify our living environment and reduce pollution. In addition, human beings live on all kinds of products from wildlife. Therefore, protecting wildlife means protecting ourselves. However, some wildlife is in danger of dying out. In order to protect our home, let's take action and do our best to protect wildlife. I believe our world will become a more harmonious one with our joint efforts.

Thanks for your listening.

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生替李华以保护野生动植物为主题，写一篇演讲稿。

【详解】1.词汇积累

灭绝：extinction→dying out

减少：reduce→decrease

产品：product→produce

保护：protect→guard

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：Today I’ll give a speech with the topic of protecting the wild animals and plants.

复合句：Today I’ll give a speech whose topic is protecting the wild animals and plants.

【点睛】[高分句型1] Therefore, protecting wildlife means protecting ourselves. (运用了动名词作主语)

[高分句型2] I believe our world will become a more harmonious one with our joint efforts.(believe后运用了省略that的宾语从句)

7．With the development of economy, more and more greenhouse gases are being discharged into the air. CO2 makes up about 70% of the greenhouse gases, which is considered to be one of the greatest causes of global warming. It has harmful effects, causing the sea level to rise and many natural disasters to strike.

So we must take effective measures to save our planet. First, we should use more clean energy and less coal and oil. Second, we should go to work on foot or by bus instead of driving a car if possible. Third, we should plant more trees, because plants can turn CO2 into oxygen. More importantly, we should form the habit of saving energy in our daily life.

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇英文短文，为“怎样保护环境”献计献策。

【详解】1.词汇积累

排放：release→discharge

认为：see→consider

有害的：bad→harmful

有效的：valid→effective

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：So we must take effective measures to save our planet.

拓展句：So we must take effective measures to save our planet before it is too late.

【点睛】[高分句型1] CO2 makes up about 70% of the greenhouse gases, which is considered to be one of the greatest causes of global warming. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)

[高分句型2] It has harmful effects, causing the sea level to rise and many natural disasters to strike. (运用了动词-ing形式作结果状语)

8．An English Editor Wanted

Our school newspaper is in great need of an editor for its English edition whose job is to pick out and edit the English articles from students and design the English columns.

Anyone who wants to apply for the job must meet the following requirements: First he/she should be good at English and drawing. Second he/she should be able to operate the computer skillfully. Third he/she should show a willingness to give up some of his/her spare time to serve the students.

Those who are interested in the job and meet the requirements please get in touch with the editorial office of the school newspaper before next Friday.

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表编辑部用英文写一则招聘启事。

【详解】1.词汇积累

需要：need→be in great need of

能够：be capable of→be able to

感兴趣：take an interest in→be interested in

联系：contact with→get in touch with

2.句式拓展

同义句改写

原句：Those who are interested in the job and meet the requirements please get in touch with the editorial office of the school newspaper before next Friday.

改写：No matter who are interested in the job and meet the requirements, please get in touch with the editorial office of the school newspaper before next Friday.

【点睛】[高分句型1] Our school newspaper is in great need of an editor for its English edition whose job is to pick out and edit the English articles from students and design the English columns. (运用了whose引导定语从句)

[高分句型2] Third he/she should show a willingness to give up some of his/her spare time to serve the students. (运用了不定式作目的状语)

9．Dear Peter,

I’m very pleased to receive your letter. I would like to be your pen friend.

I’m Li Hua, a student of Senior 1. I’m the only child in my family. My parents are teachers in a middle school, and they work very hard. In the morning, we leave home together. I like my school which is large and beautiful. My teachers and classmates are very friendly to me. I often play basketball with them. I like playing basketball very much. Do you like sports?

Let’s write to each other and be good pen friends. I hope to hear from you again soon.

Sincerely,

Li Hua

【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲类应用文，美国学生Peter想交一个中国学生作笔友，要求考生写一封信，表明自己想成为Peter的笔友。

【详解】1.词汇积累

开心的： happy → pleased

想要做某事：want to do sth. → would like to do sth.

大的：big → large

对某人友好的：be kind to sb. → be friendly to sb.

 2.句式拓展

合并简单句

原句：I like my school. My school is large and beautiful.

拓展句：I like my school which is large and beautiful.

【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m Li Hua, a student of Senior 1.（运用了同位语结构）

[高分句型2] Let’s write to each other and be good pen friends. (运用了祈使句)

10．My Magic Shoes

As is known to all, shoes play an important role in our life, for it can protect our feet from being hurt. As a boy who likes doing sports, I am looking forward to inventing a pair of shoes helping my feet keep dry and I walk conveniently.

To keep feet dry and comfortable, this new kind of shoes is equipped with a micro-fan. When you walk, a small machine changes the energy produced by walking into electric energy and stores it. If you stop walking, the micro-fan can work immediately to dry your feet. However, what amazes you most is the following new function. There is a special red button in each of the shoes. If the road you are walking on is flat, you can press the red button, which helps your shoes change into a roller skate with two rollers appearing beneath your shoes, and you can reach your destination quickly. On arriving at your destination, press the red button again and the rollers will return to your shoes.

So that's my magic shoes. Would you like to have a try?

【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇说明文。要求考生以my magic shoes 为题写一篇英语短文，介绍自己的创意。

【详解】1.词汇积累

在……中起重要作用：play an important role in= play an important part in

立刻：at once/ immediately/ right away

一……就：on doing/ as soon as /the moment/ immediately

到达：arrive at/in /reach /get to

2.拓展句式

简单句变复合句

原句：On arriving at your destination, press the red button again and the rollers will return to your shoes.

拓展句：As soon as you arrive at your destination, press the red button again and the rollers will return to your shoes.

【点睛】[高分句型1] As a boy who likes doing sports, I am looking forward to inventing a pair of shoes helping my feet keep dry（运用了who引导的定语从句及现在分词作后置定语）

[高分句型2] If the road you are walking on is flat, you can press the red button, which helps your shoes change into a roller skate with two rollers appearing beneath your shoes,（运用了if引导的条件状语从句，省略that的定语从句，及which引导的非限制性定语从句）