2022-2023学年江苏省前黄高级中学高二（下）第一次学情检测英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省前黄高级中学高二（下）第一次学情检测英语试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年江苏省前黄高级中学高二（下）第一次学情检测英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
The Young Scholars Program
The University of Maryland's Young Scholars Program is a perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to earn college credits， pursue academic interests or discover college life at the University of Maryland． The program is challenging and rewarding． Students have the opportunity to show that they can be successful in a university environment．
The Activities
During three weeks of exploration， teens preview the university experience， study with students who share similar interests and communicate with the best teachers of the University of Maryland in a dynamic and challenging classroom environment． Students can have trips to nearby Washington， DC and enjoy movie nights and activities at the student union． Workshops and seminars featuring speakers in academic fields further enrich the learning experience．
The Courses
The Young Scholars Program offers college courses that are at the cutting edge of theory，
thought and technology． Classes generally meet every day from Monday to Friday． The program is a great introduction to the University of Maryland． Participants can benefit from the University of Maryland's vast resources， including libraries， computers and instructional labs．
The Rewards
Upon program completion， teens will go home with better preparations for the college experience-both academically and socially． In addition， students earn three college credits that post to the University of Maryland transcript （成绩单）．
The Application
The application process includes submission （提交）of the application， high school transcript and a letter of recommendation．
Ages： 14-18
Mailing address： The University of Maryland College Park
For more information， call 3014057762．
1. Which is NOT true about the program according to paragraph 1？ ______
A. It is intended for college students．
B. It can offer college credits for teens．
C. It's worth participating．
D. It can let teens experience college life in advance．
2. What can teens do during three weeks of the program？ ______
A. They can learn from the best students of the University of Maryland
B. They can join the student union of the University of Maryland．
C. They can attend a meeting for academic discussion．
D. They can attend classes every day．
3. If you want to apply for the program， you need ______ ．
A. preview the university environment ahead of time
B. take a part time job in the university's library
C. submit high school transcript
D. call 3014057762 to contact the university first．
B
O'Plerou Grebet is a 22-year-old graphic design student in Côte d'Ivoire，Africa.Everywhere he looks，he sees signs of Western influence — from the glass skyscrapers and malls lining the streets in his home city to the way his fellows speak and dress. "We are living like we're Western people，" he says.That even applies to the keyboard culture — when his friends text using the messaging apps，they especially love to use the "tears of joy" face emoji（表情符号）.So he used his design skills to create digital stickers that show what he thinks is missing：symbols of history，life and culture in Côte d'Ivoire and neighboring countries.
In 2018，he released a free pack of over 360 stickers in a mobile app called "Zouzoukwa"，which means "image" in the local Bété language.Available on Android and iOS，it now has over 120，000 downloads.It's more impressive than other emoji apps，with the feature of connecting to the realities of Africans using it. "It would make their jokes even livelier，" says Grebet.The stickers include traditional masks，African instruments like the djembe drum and people dressed in a variety of prints and clothing that can reflect local tradition.
Some of his favorite designs are a series of facial expressions commonly used in his area，but not available as standardized emojis.There's a woman with lips pursed，giving some serious side-eye — a sign you can use when your friend keeps you waiting long for no reason.It's common in Côte d'Ivoire and also translates across cultures，Grebet says.
The next step，Grebet says，is to try and get some of his designs into the official emoji set，where they'd reach more than 2 billion people worldwide，as usable ones on smartphones everywhere.Grebet also plans to keep traveling and expanding his experiences and his sticker pack.His designs so far are drawn from his experience and research into a few African countries.
4. How does Grebet find their local culture according to paragraph 1？ ______
A. It's very similar to Western culture.
B. It's absent in many aspects of their life.
C. It's full of inspirational ideas and symbols.
D. It's influential in local people's lifestyle.
5. What's Zouzoukwa's advantage over other emoji apps？ ______
A. It provides a better source of jokes.
B. It's designed based on daily items.
C. It's related more closely to the locals.
D. It applies to both Android and iOS.
6. Which feeling does the woman emoji mentioned in paragraph 3 convey？ ______
A. Curiosity. B. Sorrow.
C. Annoyance. D. Disappointment.
7. What will Grebet probably do next？ ______
A. Be on tour to advocate his designs.
B. Create an official emoji set.
C. Research into more African countries.
D. Standardize some of his emojis.
C
Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage（绷带）that can signal the type of bacterial（细菌的） infection it's protecting，just like a traffic light，as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.The traffic light system works just like this：Green means no bacteria or a low concentration of bacteria，yellow means drug-sensitive （DS） bacteria responsive to standard antibiotics（抗生素）and causes antibiotic release，and red means drug-resistant （DR） bacteria that need extra help to be wiped out.
In testing the bandage on mice，the research team was able to successfully treat both DS and DR infections using the new method.However，the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time，the requirement for professional personnel，and expensive instruments.Moreover，the abuse of antibiotics causes the accelerated process of bacterial resistance.
It's easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations.Treatment doesn't have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis，and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity.What's more，the person wearing the bandage gets real-time feedback on what's happening with the infection，if there's an infection at all.The researchers say it offers numerous benefits over existing treatments that make use of light，including photodynamic therapy or PDT.
We've been seeing quite a few upgrades to the traditional bandage in recent years，thanks to advances in science-like the nanofibre mesh that attracts bacteria and draws some of it out，speeding up the healing process.Then there's the novel bandage for treating burns，which stops bacteria from multiplying and lowers the risk of infection.
The more work that a bandage can do while it's protecting a wound，the better.Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we've got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics，but also tells the patient exactly what's going on too.
8. What is the smart bandage mainly designed to do？ ______
A. Avoid the use of antibiotics. B. Clear out harmful bacteria.
C. Detect bacterial infections. D. Increase treatment options.
9. What is the advantage of the smart bandage？ ______
A. It saves much time and cost.
B. It removes the risk of infection.
C. It prevents the bacterial resistance.
D. It improves doctor-patient relationship.
10. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs？ ______
A. Traditional bandages are out of use now.
B. More smart bandages will be developed.
C. Progress in science calls for more research.
D. People are urged to study medical science.
11. What does the text focus on？ ______
A. A successful test on mice.
B. A colour-changing bandage.
C. Sensing drug-resistant bacteria.
D. Preventing abuse of antibiotics.
D
    Five years ago, Meredith Arthur, a 45-year-old San Francisco resident, arrived at a neurologist appointment. She spoke a mile a minute, explaining why she thought it might hold clues to her neck pain, frequent dizziness and headaches. "I was presenting my inexpert case to an expert, who stopped me and said, 'I know what's wrong. You have generalized anxiety disorder.'"
    Arthur is one of the 40 million American adults who experience an anxiety disorder—the most common form of mental illness—every year. Its major factor is the uncertainty about situations in daily life.
    "I describe anxiety as a future-oriented emotional response to a perceived threat," says Joel Minden, PhD, a clinical psychologist. "We anticipate that something bad will happen. Maybe we have evidence. Maybe we don't. But we have a belief that something catastrophic might occur."
    Almost immediately, Minden says, your sympathetic nervous system kicks into high gear. This leads to the release of adrenaline and cortisol, two of the crucial hormones (荷尔蒙) that drive your body's fight-freeze-flight response and cause anxiety's physical symptoms. Your heart races, your blood pressure rises, your pupils dilate, you get short of breath.
    Meanwhile, cortisol curbs functions that your brain considers non-essential: It affects immune system responses and suppresses (抑制) the digestive system, the reproductive system, and growth processes. This was helpful for our ancestors trying to outrun tigers but is not so much when you can't stop struggling with the problem whether you might have caught COVID-19 when the guy behind you in line at the grocery store coughed.
    Anxiety can show itself in many ways. You might perceive something as threatening even when it isn't or go to great lengths to avoid uncomfortable situations. You might constantly overthink plans or spend all of your time creating solutions to worst-case scenarios. Maybe you feel indecisive and fear making the wrong decision. Or you might find yourself restless, nervous, and unable to relax.
    The good news is that anxiety is very manageable with some combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle adjustments.
12. What does the underlined word "curbs" in paragraph 5 most probably mean?
A. Activates. B. Restricts. C. Damages. D. Removes.
13. What can you infer from the passage?
A. Social factors are to blame for anxiety disorders.
B. Anxiety is the most common illness in the US.
C. Mental well-being has been Meredith Arthur's concern.
D. Anxiety disorders can be controlled with certain treatments.
14. Which of the following is NOT the typical symptom of anxiety?
A. Trying to find solutions to the worst situation from time to time.
B. Hesitating to make the final decision for fear of mistakes.
C. Heart racing and blood pressure rising at the imagined situation.
D. Feeling restless or nervous even when there's nothing threatening around.
15. What will the following part most probably talk about?
A. The advance of science and technology.
B. The effects of the anxiety disorders.
C. Tips to minimize negative effects of anxiety.
D. The anticipation of Meredith Arthur.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
At the start of your career，it can feel like a Catch-22 situation：You can't get hired without experience，but you can't get experience without being hired. （1） ______
Luck certainly plays a part and personal connections can be hugely valuable，but what else can you do？
Target realistic roles.If you don't have relevant experience in your chosen field，you'll have to apply for roles right at the bottom of the ladder and work your way up-（2） ______ They can both be character building and a great way to develop a knowledge of the role.That will give you a head start as you work your way up through the organization.
Emphasize the skills you do have.Don't get hung up on the experience you don't have. （3） ______ Soft skills such as communication，and team working are highly valued by all sorts of employers.If you lack experience in your chosen field，then it's important to acknowledge that，but use it as an opportunity to demonstrate your passion for the role and your motivation to learn.
（ 4） ______ Some industries are so competitive that，even to get an entry-level position，you might have to consider working for free.Volunteering and internships （实习） are excellent opportunities to gain first-hand knowledge of a job and build useful contacts that could lead to a paid position.
Stay busy and resilient （有韧性的）.Trying to find a job with little or no experience isn't easy，and yet it's something everyone has gone through. （5） ______ However，by volunteering，participating in community activities，being social and getting out in the world，opportunities will present themselves and you will find the right role for you.
A.Look for work experience.
B.Seek jobs with no experience needed.
C.How does an employer decide on whom to interview？
D.So，what is the key to getting jobs with no experience？
E.It's all too easy to take the rejection personally and quit.
F.There's certainly no shame in targeting entry-level and junior roles.
G.Instead，focus your application on the skills that make you a great fit for the role.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
I could never imagine myself being in any other profession than teaching.
As a child，I often （1） ______ I was teaching a classroom with my toy animals.However，it wasn't a （2） ______ when I received a phone call about teaching a summer tennis camp to 3-to 5-year-old campers.
The first day of tennis camp arrived.I started the （3） ______ by introducing myself and teaching the kids how to hold their tennis rackets.Boom!They all （4） ______ it right away.The next minute they were all doing it the wrong way. "Is this what it's like to be a （5） ______ ？" I thought.Instead of getting（6） ______ or giving up，I found myself feeling encouraged to be patient and （7） ______ my students until they understood certain concepts about tie game.
The rest of the week reassured （使安心） me of my（8） ______ to teach students the game of tennis and this（9） ______ led me to an "aha" moment.I realized how much I （10） ______ working with younger children.And this is exactly what encouraged me to （11） ______ teaching.
I'm in my fourth year of teaching kindergarten，and I'm often asked about my （12） ______ to be teacher.People would make negative remarks about my（13） ______ ."You know you're not going to make any money，right？" was something I heard often.To me，teaching isn't about the money.It is about making a（n）（14） ______ to the lives of children.I knew I would encounter many challenges，but I also knew the positive would always（15） ______ the challenges I might face.
21.  A. wondered B. dreamt C. pretended D. agreed
22.  A. game B. chance C. promise D. plan
23.  A. class B. show C. interview D. project
24.  A. expected B. found C. forgot D. got
25.  A. player B. teacher C. student D. monitor
26.  A. sick B. sleepy C. upset D. afraid
27.  A. respect B. remind C. protect D. accept
28.  A. struggle B. turn C. abilities D. rights
29.  A. service B. education C. experience D. example
30.  A. tried B. regretted C. missed D. enjoyed
31.  A. pursue B. practise C. postpone D. promote
32.  A. guidance B. inspiration C. assistance D. position
33.  A. preparation B. suggestion C. knowledge D. decision
34.  A. impression B. influence C. difference D. profit
35.  A. help B. outweigh C. enhance D. favour
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. China beat South Korea 3-2 from two goals down in the（1） ______ （ drama） final of the AFC Women's Asian Cup on Sunday night，winning the championship for the （2） ______ （ nine） time 16 years later.
（ 3） ______ being two goals behind South Korea in the first half，the Chinese women's national football team got three in the second half with two goals （4） ______ （ score） in just five minutes."If faith has a color，it must be China red! " The Chinese Football Association said，（ 5） ______ （ name） the girls "steel roses，the pride of China".
Countless people posted on social media platforms that "Only the faithful soccer fans in China know how（6） ______ （ incredible） long we have waited for such a moment.We all know how exhausting it is for the Chinese soccer girls，and we all know how painful it is to play with （7） ______ （injure）."
The success of the Chinese women's national football team is a boost to China's national pride."It（8） ______ （accept）among Chinese soccer fans that soccer has always been a weak spot in China，but this is（9） ______ great success，（ 10） ______ has brought China back to the top of Asia in the field!" commented the People's Daily online.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是高二学生李华，一名读书爱好者。学校英语读书社邀请你作一个主题为"Be A Lifelong Reader"的演讲。请你写一份英文演讲稿，内容包括：
（1）阐述学生阅读的现状（至少两点，如：阅读量少……）；
（2）分享个人阅读的收获；
（3）激励学生终身阅读。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
38. Sandy and Jane came to see the jobo tree on the hilltop again.Jobos were their favorite fruit，but the tree belonged to a lady who lived in the house by the hill.They heard she was difficult，but that sometimes she would give fruit in return for an errand（差使）
The girls finally gathered their courage to knock on her door.An elderly woman with a fierce look answered，staring down at the girls. "We heard ..." said Sandy，her voice shaky， "that you give jobos in payment for running an errand."
The lady raised one eyebrow，then went into the kitchen and took two baskets.She pushed them into the girls' hands."Go fill these with jobos，and come right back."
The girls raced up the hill to the tree and filled the baskets with the ripest jobos.Back at the house，the lady filled a bag with rice and handed it to Sandy. "Take this bag and one basket of jobos to the Brown family.And ask them for the payment，" the lady added with a tight smile. "If you return without the payment，you won't get the fruit."
The girls struggled all the way with the bag and the basket.When they were there，Mrs.Brown answered the door.Inside on the floor were three little children，each painting something on papers.Mr.Brown was lying sick in bed.Times were hard.
The girls handed her the food. "This is from the lady with the jobo tree，" said Sandy.
"She asked for the payment，too." Jane said awkwardly.
The payment!The payment!The children repeated，waving the paper in their hands happily.
Sandy and Jane looked at each other strangely.With a smile，Mrs.Brown handed Sandy a large sealed（密封的）envelope so full that it was almost starting to break open.The girls said goodbye and left quickly. "I wonder，" Sandy murmured，"whether Mrs.Brown can afford to pay for that food."
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Worried，the two girls discussed what was in the envelope as they walked back.___________
The lady opened the envelope，took out a pile of papers，and smiled.___________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、C
【解析】1．A．细节理解题．根据文章第一段，The University of Maryland's Young Scholars Program is a perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to earn college credits， pursue academic interests or discover college life at the University of Maryland． The program is challenging and rewarding． Students have the opportunity to show that they can be successful in a university environment．马里兰大学的青年学者计划是一个完美的夏令营，适合那些想在马里兰大学获得大学学分、追求学术兴趣或发现大学生活的有学术天赋的青少年．该计划富有挑战性和回报性．学生有机会展示他们可以成功的在大学的环境里学习和生活．可知，该项目是为还没有上大学的青少年设计的，并非大学生，结合选项，故选A．
2．C．推理判断题．根据文章第二段，During three weeks of exploration， teens preview the university experience， study with students who share similar interests and communicate with the best teachers of the University of Maryland in a dynamic and challenging classroom environment． Students can have trips to nearby Washington， DC and enjoy movie nights and activities at the student union． Workshops and seminars featuring speakers in academic fields further enrich the learning experience．在为期三周的探索中，青少年在充满活力和挑战性的课堂环境中预习大学体验，与志趣相投的学生一起学习，并与马里兰大学最好的老师交流．学生可以到附近的华盛顿特区旅行，并在那里享受电影之夜和学生会活动．由学术界人士参加的讲习班和研讨会可以进一步丰富了学习经验．可知，在为期三个星期的活动中，学生可以参与一次学术研讨会，结合选项，故选C．
3．C．细节理解题．根据文章The application process includes submission （提交）of the application， high school transcript and a letter of recommendation．申请过程包括递交申请书、高中成绩单和推荐信．可知，如果你想申请参加该项目，你应该提交高中成绩单，结合选项，故选C．
本文章主要讲述了马里兰大学的青年学者计划是一个完美的夏令营，适合那些想在马里兰大学获得大学学分、追求学术兴趣或发现大学生活的有学术天赋的青少年．文章就该青年计划的活动、课程安排、奖励以及参与年龄等进行了说明．
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．

4~7.【答案】B、C、C、D
【解析】（1）B．细节理解题。由第一段中的""We are living like we're Western people，" he says.That even applies to the keyboard culture - when his friends text using the messaging apps，they especially love to use the "tears of joy" face emoji （表情符号）.So he used his design skills to create digital stickers that show what he thinks is missing：symbols ofhistory，life and culture in Côte d'Ivoire and neighboring countries."（"我们就像西方人一样生活，"他说。这甚至适用于键盘文化--当他的朋友使用信息应用发信息时，他们特别喜欢使用"喜悦之泪"表情符号。因此，他运用自己的设计技巧，创作出数字贴纸，展示他认为缺失的东西：科特迪瓦和周边国家历史、生活和文化的象征。）可知，西方文化影响了科特迪瓦人生活的方方面面，因此O'Plerou Grebet创作出数字贴纸，展示他认为缺失的东西（科特迪瓦和周边国家历史、生活和文化的象征），可知正是因为当地文化在他们生活的许多方面都没有，O'Plerou Grebet才发现了缺失的当地文化。故选B项。
（2）C．细节理解题。由第二段中的" It's more impressive than other emoji apps，with the feature of connecting to the realities of Africans using it. "It would make their jokes even livelier，" says Grebet.The stickers include traditional masks，African instruments like the djembe drum and people dressed in a variety of prints and clothing that can reflect local tradition."（它比其他emoji应用程序更令人印象深刻，它的特点是贴近使用它的非洲人的现实生活。"这会让他们的笑话更生动，"Grebet说。这些贴纸包括传统面具、非洲乐器（如德杰姆贝鼓）以及人们身着各种印花和服装，这些都能反映当地传统。）可知，Zouzoukwa相对于其他表情应用的优势是贴近使用它的非洲人的现实生活，体现当地生活和文化特色，即它与当地人的联系更密切。故选C项。
（3）C．推理判断题。由第三段中的" There's a woman with lips pursed，giving some serious side-eye — a sign you can use when your friend keeps you waiting long for no reason."（有一个女人撅着嘴，严肃地侧视着--当你的朋友无缘无故让你久等的时候，你可以用这个手势。）可知，你的朋友无缘无故让你久等，你肯定会生气，此处提到的Grebet这个设计（撅着嘴、斜着眼的女士）传达的是恼怒的情绪。A.Curiosity好奇心；B.Sorrow伤心；C.Annoyance恼怒；D.Disappointment失望。故选C项。
（4）D．推理判断题。由第三段中的" Some of his favorite designs are a series of facial expressions commonly used in his area，but not available as standardized emojis.."（他最喜欢的一些设计是他所在地区常用的一系列面部表情，但不是标准化的表情符号。）和最后一段中的" The next step，Grebet says，is to try and get some of his designs into the official emoji set，where they'd reach more than 2 billion people worldwide，as usable ones on smartphones everywhere."（Grebet说，下一步是尝试将他的一些设计融入官方表情包，这些设计将覆盖全球20多亿人，成为各地智能手机上可用的设计。）可知，Grebet喜欢的一些设计还无法作为标准化的表情符号使用，他下一步会尝试将他的一些设计融入官方表情包，这些设计将被全球20多亿人看到，成为标准化的表情符号。故选D项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了非洲科特迪瓦一名22岁的平面设计专业学生O'Plerou Grebet设计了一些体现当地特色和文化的表情符号，很受人们欢迎。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局做出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】C、A、B、B
【解析】（1）C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段的句子"Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage that can signal the type of bacterial infection it's protecting，just like a traffic light，as well as release the right type of drugs on demand．"科学家们开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像红绿灯一样显示它所针对的细菌感染类型，还可以根据需要释放正确类型的药物．可知，智能绷带是为了检测细菌感染而设计的，故选C．
（2）A．细节理解题．根据文章第三段的句子"Treatment doesn't have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis，and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity．"治疗不需要等待医生诊断，绷带可以尽早应用正确的药物．可知，智能绷带的优点是能节省时间和花费，故选A．
（3）B．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段的句子" Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we've got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics，but also tells the patient exactly what's going on too．"改进绷带的努力仍在继续，现在我们有了一种绷带，它不仅能释放抗生素，还能告诉病人到底发生了什么．可知，最后两段告诉我们，将来人们还会开发更多的智能绷带，故选B．
（4）B．主旨大意题．根据全文内容和文章第一段的句子"Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage that can signal the type of bacterial infection it's protecting，just like a traffic light，as well as release the right type of drugs on demand．"科学家们开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像红绿灯一样显示它所针对的细菌感染类型，还可以根据需要释放正确类型的药物．可知，文章主要介绍一种新的、能通过改变颜色显示伤口的感染状态的绷带．故选B．
本文是一篇说明文．文章介绍了一种新的绷带，它能通过改变颜色显示伤口的感染状态，帮助对症下药，大大减少了治疗时间和难度．
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．

12~15.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了焦虑症引起的原因和症状。

1. 根据第五段中第一句Meanwhile, cortisol curbs functions that your brain considers non-essential: It affects immune system responses and supremes (抑制) the digestive system, the reproductive system, and growth processes.（同时，皮质醇会抑制大脑认为不重要的功能：它会影响免疫系统反应和消化系统、生殖系统和生长过程。）可知，划线部分curbs意为“抑制”。分析可知，Restricts与curbs意思接近。故选B。
2. 根据最后一段内容（好消息是，通过药物、治疗和生活方式的调整，焦虑是可以控制的。）可知，焦虑障碍可以通过某些治疗来控制。故选D。

3. 
根据第四段最后一句Your heart races, your blood pressure rises, your pupils dilate, you get short of breath.（你的心跳加速，血压升高，瞳孔放大，呼吸急促。）可知，C选项（在想象的情境下，心跳加速，血压升高。）正确；根据第六段第三句You might constantly overthink plans or spend all of your time creating solutions to worst-case scenarios.（你可能经常过度思考计划，或者把所有的时间都花在为最坏情景创造解决方案上。）可知，A选项（有时试图找到解决最坏情况的方法。）错误；根据第六段第四句Maybe you feel indecisive and fear making the wrong decision.（也许你感到犹豫不决，害怕做出错误的决定。）可知，B选项（害怕出错而犹豫着做出最终决定。）正确；根据第六段第五句Or you might find yourself restless, nervous, and unable to relax.（或者你可能会发现自己焦躁不安，紧张，无法放松。）可知，D选项（即使周围没有威胁，也会感到不安或紧张。）正确。故选A。 
4. 根据最后一段内容（好消息是，通过药物、治疗和生活方式的调整，焦虑是可以控制的。）可知，下文会谈到如何焦虑。分析可知，C项（减少焦虑负面影响的技巧）承接上文，符合语境。故选C。

16~20.【答案】D、F、G、A、E
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据上文At the start of your career，it can feel like a Catch-22 situation：You can't get hired without experience，but you can't get experience without being hired （在你的职业生涯开始的时候，你可能会感觉像一个第二十二条军规：没有经验你就不能被录用，但是没有被录用你就不能获得经验。）D项"So，what is the key to getting jobs with no experience？（那么，在没有经验的情况下找到工作的关键是什么呢？） "根据此处的连词so可知，上文中提出求职中的尴尬状况，D项与上文之间为顺接关系，点明了文章的主题：没有工作经历的情况下，找到工作的关键是什么？故选D项。
（2）F.推理判断题。根据本段主题句为Target realistic roles.（把现实可行的角色作为目标），上文If you don't have relevant experience in your chosen field，you'll have to apply for roles right at the bottom of the ladder and work your way up—（如果你在你选择的领域没有相关经验，你就必须申请职位阶梯的最底层，然后一步步往上爬。） F项"There's certainly no shame in targeting entry-level and junior roles. （瞄准初级和较低的职位当然没有什么可耻的。）下文They can both be character building and a great way to develop a knowledge of the role. （它们既可以塑造性格，也可以培养对角色的了解。）根据设空处前的破折号和F项中的"certainly"，此处F项与下文是对上文的解释，是一种认同的态度。故选F项。
（3）G.细节理解题。根据本段主题句为Emphasize the skills you do have. （强调你拥有的技能。）以及上文Don't get hung up on the experience you don't have. （不要执着于你没有的经历。）因此G项Instead，focus your application on the skills that make you a great fit for the role .（相反，把你的申请集中在使你非常适合这个职位的技能上。）上文和G项是对主题句的诠释和具体做法，语意连贯顺畅。故选G项。
（4）A.段落大意题。根据此处考查主题句。根据下文Some industries are so competitive that，even to get an entry-level position，you might have to consider working for free.Volunteering and internships （实习） are excellent opportunities to gain first-hand knowledge of a job and build useful contacts that could lead to a paid position. （有些行业的竞争非常激烈，即使是为了得到一个初级职位，你也可能不得不考虑免费工作。志愿服务和实习是获得工作第一手知识和建立有用的关系的绝佳机会，这可能会带来一份有报酬的工作。）可知求职者可以先通过志愿服务、实习来获得工作经验。A项Look for work experience.（寻找工作经验。）与下文语意一致，连接顺畅。故选A项。
（5）E.推理判断题。根据本段主题句为Stay busy and resilient （有韧性的）（保持忙碌和坚韧性），上文Trying to find a job with little or no experience isn't easy，and yet it's something everyone has gone through. （想要在几乎没有工作经验的情况下找到一份工作并不容易，但这是每个人都经历过的。）E项It's all too easy to take the rejection personally and quit.（人们很容易把拒绝当成是针对自己的，然后放弃。）可知没有工作经验的情况下去找工作，不容易，E项解释了人们在找不到工作时的一种常见的做法，语意衔接连贯。故选E项。
本文为一篇说明文。作者介绍了求职者会遇到像第二十二条军规那样的尴尬状况，针对这个问题，作者提出了几个建设性的意见。
考查选句填空。做题时要注意以下几点：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】C、A、A、D、B、C、B、C、C、D、A、B、D、C、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.wondered好奇；B.dreamt 梦见；C.pretended 假装；D.agreed 同意。句意：小时候，我经常假装在教室里教我的玩具动物。根据前文"As a child"和下文"teaching a classroom with my toy animals."可知，我还是孩子时就想成为一名老师，所以我假装教我的玩具动物。故选C。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.game 游戏；B.chance 机会；C.promise 承诺；D.plan 计划。句意：然而，当我接到一个关于关于教参加夏季网球夏令营的3至5岁的露营者的电话时，觉得这并不是一场游戏。根据下文"when I received a phone call about teaching a summer tennis camp to 3- to 5-year-old campers"可知，我收到了一个在夏令营教孩子们的电话，所以这已经不再是个游戏了。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.class 课；B.show 表演；C.interview 面试；D.project 项目。句意：我通过自我介绍和教孩子们如何握网球拍来开始上课。根据空后"by introducing myself and teaching the kids how to hold their tennis rackets（球拍）"可知，作为老师，我通过介绍自己和教孩子们如何握网球拍来开始上课。故选A。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.expected 期望；B.found 发现；C.forgot 忘记；D.got 得到，学到。句意：他们立刻就学会了。根据下文"The next minute they were all doing it the wrong way."可知，他们上一分钟学会怎做了，下一分钟就做错了。故选D。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.player 球员；B.teacher老师；C.student 学生；D.monitor 班长。句意："这就是当老师的感觉吗？"我心里想。根据上文可知，我是教孩子们打网球，是一名老师。故选B。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sick 生病；B.sleepy 困倦；C.upset 沮丧的；D.afraid 害怕。句意：我发现自己并没有沮丧或放弃，而是被鼓励耐心地提醒学生，直到他们理解了该运动的某些概念。根据下文"I found myself feeling encouraged to be patient"可知，我没有沮丧也没有放弃。故选C。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.respect 尊重；B.remind 提醒；C.protect 保护；D.accept 接受。句意：我发现自己并没有沮丧或放弃，而是被鼓励耐心地提醒学生，直到他们理解了某些概念。根据下文"until they understood certain concepts about the game"可知，在他们明白一定的概念前，我一直提醒他们。故选B。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.struggle 斗争；B.turn 转身；C.abilities 能力；D.rights 权利。句意：接下来，孩子们学得很好，我不断安慰自己，我还是有能力教好孩子们的。根据上文"The rest of the week reassured（使安心）me"可知，接下来的一周我对于我的教学能力很安心。故选C。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.service 服务；B.education 教育；C.experience 经验，经历，体验；D.example 示例。句意：这个教书的体验也让我体会了顿悟的瞬间。根据上文我没有因困难沮丧或放弃而更加耐心，以及后文我的教书的看法可知，我的这次教书的体验让我顿悟。故选C。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.tried  尝试；B.regretted 后悔；C.missed 错过；D.enjoyed享受。句意：我意识到自己是多么喜欢和孩子们在一起相处。根据下文" this is exactly what encouraged me "可推知，我很享受当老师的过程。故选D。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.pursue 追求；B.practise 练习；C.postpone 推迟；D.promote 提升。句意：这个经历让我把教书当做自己的毕生事业去追求。根据上文"I realized how much I （10）      working with younger children."可知，通过这次经历，我意识到我喜欢和孩子们相处，所以教书就成为了我毕生追求的事业。故选A。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.guidance 指导；B.inspiration 灵感；C.assistance 协助；D.position 职位。句意：经常有人问我，什么东西激励我成为老师。根据上文"I'm in my fourth year of teaching kindergarten"可知，我教书的第四年，经常会被问决定做老师的灵感是什么。故选B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.preparation 准备；B.suggestion 建议；C.knowledge 知识；D.decision 决定。句意：对于我成为老师的决定，很多人会做出负面评价。根据上文"And this is exactly what encouraged me to （11）      teaching."和下文"You know you're not going to make any money，right？"可知，有些人会对当老师的决定作出负面的评价。故选D。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.impression印象；B.influence影响；C.difference差异；D.profit利润。句意：但是我觉得做老师可以对孩子们的生活做出积极的影响。根据上文"To me，teaching isn't about the money. "可知，我教书并不是为了钱，而是要对孩子们的一生作出积极的影响。make a difference有影响，起作用。故选C。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.help 帮助；B.outweigh 超过；C.enhance 加强；D.favour 支持。句意：但是我知道，做老师的积极的一面总是要超过消极的一面。根据转折连词but可知，虽然我面临很多的挑战，但是积极的一面胜过我所面对的挑战。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了作者成为老师的经历，刚开始教得不好，后面慢慢反思，学生开始被她教得卓有成效以及作为老师她所获得的成就感，最后作者感悟，虽然做老师不能赚大钱，但是对孩子们却有积极的影响，以及她一直会迎接挑战和以乐观的心态克服这些挑战。
考查完形填空。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合上下文及选项做出正确的选择。

36.【答案】【小题1】dramatic
【小题2】ninth
【小题3】Despite
【小题4】scored
【小题5】naming
【小题6】incredibly
【小题7】injury/injuries
【小题8】is accepted
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：周日晚，在亚足联女子亚洲杯戏剧性的决赛中，中国队在落后两球的情况下以3-2击败韩国队，16年后第九次夺得冠军。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词。故填dramatic。
（2）考查序数词。句意：周日晚，在亚足联女子亚洲杯戏剧性的决赛中，中国队在落后两球的情况下以3-2击败韩国队，16年后第九次夺得冠军。表示名次用序数词形式。故填ninth。
（3）考查介词。句意：虽然在上半场落后韩国队2球，但中国女足在下半场5分钟内连进2球，共进3球。表示"尽管"，后跟名词，所以用介词despite，句首单词首字母大写。故填Despite。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：虽然在上半场落后韩国队2球，但中国女足在下半场5分钟内连进2球，共进3球。此处为with的复合结构，名词two goals与动词score是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填scored。
（5）考查现在分词。句意："如果信仰有颜色的话，那一定是中国红!"中国足协称，这些女孩是"钢铁玫瑰，中国的骄傲"。句中已有谓语动词，空处需填用非谓语动词，逻辑主语The Chinese Football Association与动词name是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填naming。
（6）考查副词。句意：无数人在社交媒体上发帖称："只有中国忠实的球迷才知道，我们等了这么久，等了这么久。"形容词long前用副词修饰。故填incredibly。
（7）考查可数名词的复数或不可数名词。句意：我们都知道中国女足有多累，我们都知道带着伤病踢球有多痛苦。介词with后接名词形式，名词injure可作可数名词，所以用名词复数表示泛指，也可以作为不可数名词。故填injury/injuries。
（8）考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：中国球迷普遍认为，足球一直是中国的弱项，但这是一个巨大的成功，它让中国在足球领域重新回到了亚洲的前列!固定短语It's accepted that…人们普遍认为……，陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时。故填is accepted。
（9）考查冠词。句意：中国球迷普遍认为，足球一直是中国的弱项，但这是一个巨大的成功，它让中国在足球领域重新回到了亚洲的前列!名词success表示"成功的事情"，为可数名词，泛指，且great发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
（10）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国球迷普遍认为，足球一直是中国的弱项，但这是一个巨大的成功，它让中国在足球领域重新回到了亚洲的前列!这里的先行词指的是中国女足的成功这件事，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用which引导。故填which。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国女足亚洲杯决赛冠军这一事件的意义和影响。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

37.【答案】Be a Lifelong ReaderHello，everyone!I am Li Hua，an enthusiastic reader.（话题）
It is a great pity that students nowadays have so little time for leisure reading as most of them  are burdened with huge academic pressure.This invariably results in their narrow scope of reading as well as highly restricted reading time.（阐述学生阅读的现状）
As a veteran book lover，I will，however busy I am，squeeze at least  fifteen minutes to read. 【高分句型一】Through reading，I am transported back to different dynasties and countries，enjoying a totally different lifestyle and meeting people I would never encounter in real life.In a sense，reading provides me a safe harbor where I can escape from worries in real life，rest my soul and immediately get recharged.（分享个人阅读的收获）
As a result，I would like to inspire every one of you to join me in pursuing the habit of lifelong reading，which I believe will benefit you on all fronts.【高分句型二】（激励学生终身阅读）
【解析】高分句型一：As a veteran book lover，I will，however busy I am，squeeze at least  fifteen minutes to read.
译文：作为一个资深的图书爱好者，无论我多么忙，我都会挤出至少十五分钟的时间阅读。
分析：这句话使用了however引导的让步状语从句。
高分句型二：As a result，I would like to inspire every one of you to join me in pursuing the habit of lifelong reading，which I believe will benefit you on all fronts.
译文：因此，我想激励你们每一个人和我一起追求终身阅读的习惯，我相信这将使你们在各个方面受益。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。

38.【答案】Worried，the two girls discussed what was in the envelope as they walked back.Tapping her chin，Sandy murmured， "If it's money，that's a great deal!What could it be？"Jane，lost in thought.She placed her palms on envelope，reflected on the family and suddenly she uttered， "Paintings!It must be the girls' paintings!After she explained to Sandy，they arrived at the old lady's soon.【高分句型一】Embarrassedly，Jane handed the lady the envelope with trembling hands. （小女孩把拿到的信封给了这位女士）
The lady opened the envelope，took out a pile of papers and smiled.On the papers were colorful drawings from the lovely children.On seeing this，Sandy and Jane looked at each other and smiled understandingly.Then，the girls gained their payment-- a full basket of ripe jobos.For them，it turned out that their errand not only gained them their favorite fruit，but also a sweet taste of getting payment by their hard work.When they took a bite，the juice was as sweet as the feeling inside their heart.【高分句型二】（女士打开信封发现是孩子们的画，两人也获得一篮子的jobos）
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了两个小姑娘通过劳动获得jobos的故事。
高分句型一：After she explained to Sandy，they arrived at the old lady's soon.
翻译：在她向桑迪解释后，他们很快就到了老太太家。
分析：本句使用了after引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：When they took a bite，the juice was as sweet as the feeling inside their heart.
翻译：当他们咬一口的时候，果汁就像他们内心的感觉一样甜。
分析：本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
解题方法点拨
 （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
       每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
       （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
       一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
       （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
       根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
       （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
       在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。