2023年中考英语 压轴题03 动词和动词短语（习题+答案）

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题型/考向一：动词辨析
题型/考向二：动词短语辨析
EQ \\ac(○,热) EQ \\ac(○,点) EQ \\ac(○,题) EQ \\ac(○,型)一：动词辨析
1.常考系动词辨析
2.常考易混动词辨析
EQ \\ac(○,热) EQ \\ac(○,点) EQ \\ac(○,题) EQ \\ac(○,型)二：动词短语辨析
(1)同一动词型.
(2)同一介词／副词型.
1．（2022秋·重庆巴南·九年级统考期末）She can make herself _________ by using bdy language thugh she can’t speak English well.
A．understandB．t understandC．understandingD．understd
2．（2022秋·云南昆明·九年级云南师范大学实验中学校考期末）Jame’s talk shw is very funny. It always makes peple ________.
A．laughB．laughedC．laughingD．t laugh
3．（2022·江苏扬州·统考一模）The price f vegetables ________ s quickly these days.
A．rushesB．addsC．risesD．raises
4．（2022·江苏·统考一模）I’ve been trying t phne Mm all evening, but I can’t seem t _________ .
A．get inB．get ffC．get thrughD．get alng
5．（2022秋·江苏淮安·九年级校联考期末）I expect Mr. Friend t ________ my letter, but there’s still n ________.
A．reply; repliesB．reply t; replies
C．reply t; replyD．reply; reply
6．（2022秋·江苏盐城·九年级校考期末）The plice believe that the murder ________ 9 p. m. and 11 p.m. yesterday.
A．was happened atB．happened atC．tk place betweenD．was taken place between
7．（2023·河北邯郸·统考一模）His car n the way t the statin, s he missed the train.
A．came dwnB．brke dwnC．cut dwnD．lked dwn
8．（2023·天津西青·校考一模）If yu want t buy this T-shirt, Yu’d better ________first t make sure it fits yu.
A．pay fr itB．take it ffC．tidy it upD．try it n
9．（2023·江苏连云港·模拟预测）My grandfather alne in the cuntryside, but nw he________with us in the city.
A．used t living; is used t liveB．used t live; is used t living
C．used t live; used t liveD．was used t living; used t live
10．（2023·安徽芜湖·统考一模）—It’s raining cats and dgs!
—Prbably we have t _________ the games if it is still like this.
A．get thrughB．take upC．call ffD．g ver
11．（2023·云南·统考一模）—D yu want t ________ that new restaurant?
—That wuld be great. Maybe we have t bk a table.
A．leave utB．eat utC．cme utD．check ut
12．（2023·江苏南通·统考一模）—I’m srry t ________ n yu, but culd yu raise yur vice a little?
—OK, I will.
A．cut dwnB．cut ffC．cut utD．cut in
13．（2022·江苏南京·统考二模）—Mark’s car ________ a clud f dust as he drve ff.
—That’s why we dislike him.
A．raisedB．rseC．was raisedD．was raising
14．（2022春·江苏盐城·七年级景山中学校考期末）Which f the fllwing wrds can be filled in the ____▲____ t cmplete the pem?
A．saveB．lightC．rbD．fight
15．（2022·江苏·九年级专题练习）The FIFA Wrld Cup ________ in Qatar in Nvember, 2022.
A．will be taken placeB．will take place
C．will happenD．will be happened
16．（2022·湖北黄石·校考模拟预测）一Mum, will yu take me t the park tmrrw?
一If it _______ rainy.
A．wn’tB．desn’tC．isn’tD．wn’t be
17．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模）Jane ________ nthing when she reprted the case t her bss, s her bss was satisfied.
A．gave utB．cleared utC．ran utD．left ut
18．（2022春·甘肃酒泉·八年级统考期中）Neither Jack nr I ________ interested in painting.
A．beB．amC．isD．are
19．（2022·内蒙古包头·包头市第三十五中学校考三模）Dragn Bat Festival is ppular in China. Instead f saying “Happy Dragn Bat Festival”, peple shuld say, “Stay ________ and sund at Dragn Bat Festival”.
A．saferB．safelyC．mre safelyD．safe
20．（2022·云南昆明·统考二模）—What is the Trip Cde (行程码) used fr?
—It is used t shw where yu ________ in the past 14 days.
A．isB．areC．has beenD．have been
21．（2022·重庆·模拟预测）There is smething wrng with my DVD player. I’ll have it ________.
A．fixingB．t fixC．fixesD．fixed
22．（2022·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）Which f the fllwing is RIGHT?
A．I’m lking frward t meet yu next mnth.B．She gets here in ten minutes.
C．Mr. Wu has left Beijing fr ne week.D．The mvie made me laugh.
23．（2023·安徽合肥·统考一模）The students________hand in their hmewrk n time by their teacher.
A．were madeB．was made tC．were made tD．made t
24．（2023·重庆·模拟预测）Anna did all kinds f things t make the baby ________, but she failed.
A．t stp cryingB．stp cryingC．t stp t cryD．stp t cry
25．（2023·江苏连云港·模拟预测）—Frank, lk! Wh are the children under the tree ___ waiting in a line?
—They are the students frm N. 1 Primary Schl.
A．that areB．where areC．which isD．wh is
26．（2023·安徽芜湖·统考一模）It’s a gd habit t ______ all yur things in crrect places.
A．put awayB．put upC．put utD．put ff
27．（2023秋·甘肃兰州·九年级校考期末）Jane used t ________ t schl, but nw she is used t ________ a bike t schl.
A．walk; riding
B．walking; ride
C．walking; riding
D．walk; ride
28．（2023·江苏苏州·统考一模）After having a new shwer ________, everything will be ready fr yu t mve int the huse.
A．put utB．put inC．put awayD．put thrugh
29．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考一模）-- The gvernment is trying t prtect the envirnment nw.
-- Yeah. It is reprted that sme factries will be sn.
A．set upB．shut ffC．given upD．turned ff
30．（2022秋·河北唐山·九年级统考期末）—The fish________delicius. Mum, can I have sme?
—Yes, f curse. But yu shuld wash yur hands first.
A．smellsB．tastesC．sundsD．feels
类别
词语
含义
示例
状态系动词
be
是
The by is very clever.这个男孩很聪明.
感官系动词
lk
看起来
Yu lk beautiful in the red dress.
你穿着这件红色的连衣裙看着很漂亮.
feel
感觉;摸起来
The dress feels sft.这件连衣裙摸起来很柔软.
smell
闻起来
The flwers smell sweet.花儿闻起来很香.
sund
听起来
The music sunds beautiful.音乐听起来很优美.
taste
尝起来
The ndles taste delicius.这面条味道很好.
表“变化”的系动词
becme
变得,成为(天气变暖和或变冷等)
The weather becmes warm.天气变暖和了.
get
变得(天变黑、变长或变短)
The days get lnger in spring.春天白天变长.
turn
变得(多指颜色)
The leaves turn yellw in autumn. 秋天树叶变黄.
g
变(多指由好变坏的
变化)
The fd has gne bad.食物已经变质了.
grw
变(表示“逐渐变得”,常需要经历一个过程,慢慢地变化.通常用来表示身高、岁数、经验的改变)
Man will grw ld.人是会变老的.
She has grwn much taller.她长高了很多.
持续系动词
Keep stay
remain
保持
It's imprtant t keep healthy.保持健康很重要.
表“像,似乎”的系动词
seem
似乎,好像
He seems very happy.他似乎很开心.
类别
词语
含义及用法
示例
两个“听”
listen t
“听”,listen是不及物动词,强调听的动作,与t构成固定搭配,表示“听······”
My father likes listening t the radi.
我父亲喜欢听收音机.
hear
“听到,听见”,强调听的结果
She heard ftsteps behind her.
她听到背后有脚步声.
三个”参加”
jin
“参加,加入”,一般指加入某个党派、团体、组织等,并成为其成员之一,后面可跟人(jin sh.),也可跟介词in
My brther jined the army last year.
我哥哥去年参军了.
Yu can jin us in playing ftball.
你可以和我们一起踢足球.
take
part in
“参加”,指参加聚会或群众性的活动
I tk part in the sprts meeting last week.
我上周参加了运动会.
attend
“出席;参加”,一般指出席会议、庆典等
Mr. Li will attend an imprtant meeting next week.
李先生下周将参加一个重要的会议.
三个“找”
lk fr
“寻找”,强调找的过程
Li Ming is lking fr his pen.
李明正在找他的钢笔.
find
“找到,发现”,强调找的结果
I fund that bk yu were lking fr.
我找到了你正在寻找的那本书.
find ut
“找出,查明”,强调弄清楚、弄明白事情的真相
The man wanted t find ut wh had brken the windw.那个人想找出是谁打破了窗户.
三个“穿”
wear
“穿着,戴着”,表示状态,宾语通常是服装、鞋帽、饰物、奖
章等
My sister wears a new skirt tday.
我妹妹今天穿着一件新短裙.
put n
“穿上,戴上”,表示动作,宾语通常是衣服、鞋帽.宾语若是代词,
必须放在短语中间
It's cld utside. Please put n yur cat.
外面很冷,请穿上外套.
dress
“给······穿衣”,宾语通常是人. dress sb.给某人穿衣服;dress sb. up装扮某人
She dressed the children in their best clthes.
她给孩子们穿上了最漂亮的衣服.
三个“到达”
reach
“到达”,后面直接跟地点
He did nt stp until he reached the dr.
他走到门边才停下.
get
“到达”,和t构成固定搭配,后面跟地点名词
She rushed t get t the pst ffice befre it clsed.她赶在邮局关门之前到达了那里.
arrive
“到达”,arrive in后跟表示大地
点的名词,arrive at后跟表示小地点的名词
She'll arrive in New Yrk at nn.
她将在正午抵达纽约.
三个“借”
brrw
“借人”,是短暂性动词,常用搭配brrw sth. frm sb./sw.,意为“从某人／某地借某物”
We ften brrw bks frm ur schl library.
我们经常从学校图书馆借书.
lend
“借出”,是短暂性动词,常用
搭 配 lend sh.sth. =lend sth. t sb.借给某人某物
Can yu lend me yur bike?=Can yu lend yur bike t me?
你能把自行车借给我吗?
keep
“保持,保留”,表示长时间的借,
是延续性动词
Hw lng can I keep the bk?
这本书我能借多长时间?
四个“看”
lk
“看”,强调看的动作,后面需
加介词才能跟宾语
Lk! There are sme beautiful birds in the tree.
看！树上有一些美丽的鸟.
see
“看到,看见”,强调看的结果,常用于“看电影、看病”等,也可表示“理解,明白”.see sb. ding sth.看到某人正在做某事;see sb. d sth.看到某人做了某事
I saw Li Ming reading bks when I came int the classrm.
当我走进教室时,我看见李明正在看书.
watch
“观看,注视”,强调聚精会神地看,有欣赏的意思,常用于“看电视、比赛”等
Next time yu visit the z, watch the tigers carefully.
下次你们参观动物园时,要仔细观察老虎.
read
“读”,表示“阅读”,常用于“读书,看报纸、杂志”等
Have yu read her new nvel?
你看过她新出的小说了吗?
四个“拿”
bring
“带来,拿来”,表示“拿到靠
近说话人的地方”
Dn't frget t bring yur hme-wrk.
别忘了带你的作业.
take
“带走,拿去”,表示“拿到远离说话人的地方”,与bring表示的方向相反
Culd yu take it t the class-rm?
你能把它拿到教室里去吗?
carry
“搬运;提,拿”,多指用力移动,没有方向
He is carrying a big basket f fd.
他正提着一大篮子食物.
get/fetch
“去取,去拿”,表示“往返拿东西”
Culd yu get/fetch me my bag?
你能帮我去取我的包吗?
四个“说”
speak
“说,说话”,强调说话的能力和方式,不强调内容,后面可以加
语言,如speak English说英语;常用搭配有speak t sb.跟某人讲话
Hell, may I speak t Mary?
你好,我可以和玛丽通电话吗?
say
“说”,侧重说话的内容,常用搭配有:say thanks/srry/gdbye t sb.对某人说谢谢／抱歉／再见
She said “Gd Mrning” t the teacher.
她向老师说了声“早上好”.
talk
“谈话”,强调与某人交谈,常用搭配有:talk t/with sh.和某人交谈;talk abut sth.谈论某事
I like talking with my father abut everything.
我喜欢和我父亲谈论所有事.
tell
“告诉;讲述”,强调讲给别人听,常用搭配有:tell sth. T sh.告诉某人某事;tell sh.(nt)t d sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事
Parents ften tell their children nt t play n the rad.
父母经常告诉他们的孩子不要在马路上玩耍.
四个“花费”
cst
“花费”,物作主语,常用结构为:
sth. cst(s)(sb.)sme mney表示“某物花费(某人)多少钱”
The dress cst me 50 dllars.
这件连衣裙花了我50美元.
spend
“花费”,人作主语,常用结构为:
sb. spend(s) sme time/mney n sth.表示“某人在某物上花费多少时间或金钱”;sb. spend(s)sme time/mney(in) ding sth.表示“某人花费多少时间或金钱做某事”
She spent 100 yuan n a new dress. = She spent 100 yuan (in) buying the new dress.
她 花100元买了这条新连衣裙.
take
“花费”,常用it作形式主语,其
结构为:It + takes(+sb.)+sme time+t d sth.表示“做某事花费(某人)多少时间”
It tk me tw hurs t d my hmewrk yesterday.
昨天做作业花了我两小时.
pay
“支付,付钱”,人作主语,常用结构为:sb.pay(s)(sme mney)fr
sth.某人(为某物)支付多少钱
He paid 15 yuan fr the bk.
他花了15元买这本书.
两对“输、赢”
lse
“失去,丢失;输”,后接事物(game/match/prize/war...),表示
输了游戏／比赛／奖项／战争等;lse t sb.表示“输给某人”
Tm lst t Mike in yesterday's match.
在昨天的比赛中汤姆输给了迈克.
fail
“失败,未做成某事”,常用搭配有:fail in在······方面失败;常
用句型有:fail t d sth.未能做成某事
He failed in business.他经商失败了.
He failed t get a jb in the big cmpany.
他没有在那个大公司获得工作.
beat
“打败”,后面接人或某支队伍
Jack beat Jhn t win the game.
杰克击败约翰赢得了比赛.
win
“赢”,后接事物(game/match/ prize/war...),表示赢了游戏／比
赛／奖项／战争等
They are sure t win this basketball match.
他们肯定能打赢这场篮球赛.
短语
示例
cme短语
cme n 碰上;快点儿 cme ut 出现;出版 cme ver顺便来访 cme alng 出现;进展
cme up with 提出,想出 cme back回来 cme up出现 cme dwn流传下来 cme in进来
cme acrss(偶然)遇见(或发现) cme true(希望、梦想等)实现
cut短语
cut dwn削减;砍倒 cut up切碎 cut in插嘴 cut int插嘴 打断 cut ut删去;停止
cut ff切断;停止
keep短语
keep n继续下去 keep ut留在外面 keep away(使)不靠近 keep in留在里面 keep ff使不接近 keep up with 跟上 keep in tuch with和······保持联系
lk 短语
lk at看 lk after 照顾;照料 lk int 调查,观察 lk ut当心,留神 lk up 查阅;查找 lk fr寻找 lk arund 环顾 lk ver把……看一遍 lk thrugh 浏览 lk back回顾 lk up t尊敬;钦佩 lk frward t 盼望 lk ut fr 留心守候 lk like 看起来像
put短语
put up举起;搭建;张贴 put dwn写下;放下 put back把······放回原处 put int流入;驶入 put away放好 put n穿上;上演;增加 put ut熄灭 put ff推迟 put thrugh 接通(电话)
turn短语
turn ver翻身;(使)翻转 turn ut结果证明是 turn n打开(电灯等)turn ff关(电灯等)turn away把······拒之门外 turn up开大;调高 turn dwn调低,关小;拒绝 turn in拐弯进人 turn t求助于 turn arund(使)转身
get 短语
get up起床 get n上车(船、飞机等)get ff下车(船、飞机等)get dwn下来 get int进入;陷入 get t到达 get back回来
g短语
g n继续 g away走开;离开;消失 g ahead前进g alng 向前行进 g by(时间)流逝 g ver复习;仔细检查 g ff爆炸;(警报等)响起 g dwn下去g up上升;增长g ut 出去 g thrugh 通过 g back返回
give短语
give up放弃 give in屈服;让步 give away捐赠;泄露give ut散发,分发 give ver将······交出 give back归还;恢复
take短语
take up占用;开始从事 take dwn录下;记下 take away带走;拿走 take ff起飞;脱掉 take ver接收;接管 take in吸收;陪同 take ut拿出;除去;扣除 take care f 照顾 take place 举行;发生 take pride in以······为傲 take part in 参加 take after(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像 take the place f 代替
短语
示例
fr短语
ask fr 请求 care fr关心;关怀 leave fr 动身去 lk fr寻找 pay fr为······付钱prepare fr为······做准备 search fr搜寻;寻找 send fr 派人去请 stand fr代表;象征 wait fr 等待 thanks fr因······而感谢
up短语
add up加起来;合计 bring up提出;养育,培养 cheer up使振奋 clean up清理;打扫 cut up切碎 call up打电话 dress up穿上盛装;装扮 eat up吃光 end up结束 fix up修理;修补 get up起床 give up放弃 grw up成长;长大 hurry up 赶快
ut短语
blw ut 吹灭 break ut(战争、火灾等)突然发生;爆发 bring ut使显现;使变得明显 carry ut 执行;贯彻 cme ut出现;出版cut ut切断;停止 find ut查明;发现 give ut分发 g ut 出去
dwn短语
break dwn停止运转;出故障 calm dwn平静下来 cut dwn削减;砍倒 die dwn变弱;枝叶枯萎 fall dwn漂流而下 knck dwn拆除;撞倒;击倒 lie dwn躺下 pull dwn拆掉;推翻 put dwn 放下 sit dwn坐下 shut dwn 关闭;停下 turn dwn 调低 write dwn写下,记下
away 短语
blw away 驱散get away 离开;逃脱 give away赠送;泄露pass away去世put away 放好run away 逃跑 take away带走;拿走 thrw away 扔掉
abut短语
argue abut争论 bring abut带来;造成 care abut关心;在意 hear abut 听说 hang abut 闲荡 talk abut 谈论 think abut考虑 wrry abut担心
at短语
aim at 瞄准;旨在 laugh at嘲笑 lk at看 knck at敲 pint at 指向 smile at冲······微笑 shut at对······大喊 把······对准······
ff短语
cut ff切断;停止 drp ff掉下;下降 fall ff减少;跌落 get ff下车g ff爆炸;发出巨响 pay ff偿清(欠款等)put ff 推迟 send ff发送;邮寄 set ff动身;起程 take ff起飞;脱掉 turn ff关掉
n短语
agree n就······达成共识 cme n碰上;快点儿 depend n依靠;依赖 feed n以······为食 fcus n集中于 hld n别挂电话;坚持 get n上车(船、飞机等)keep n继续前行 pass n传递 put n穿上;上演;增加 try n试穿turn n 打开 wrk n从事于;继续工作
with短语
agree with同意 begin with 以······开始 cmpare with与·····相比 cnnect with与······相连 catch up with 追上;赶上cme up with 提出;想出 deal with解决;处理 g with与······协调 keep up with 赶上part with 向······告别 stay/keep in tuch with与······保持联系 share with与······分享 talk with和······交谈
in短语
break in 非法强行闯人;插话 bring in引入 cheek in报到;登记 fill in填写 give in让步;屈服 hand in上交 take in吸收;收入 take pride in对······感到自豪
Helping handsNight is falling, the sky is dark.
The nly sunds are dgs that bark.
We drive alng the streets all night.
T stp thieves and thse wh____▲____.
It’s a dangerus jb but we’re brave.
We help keep ur city safe.