2023年中考英语 压轴题08 非谓语动词（习题+答案）

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压轴题08 非谓语动词题型/考向一：动词不定式题型/考向二：动名词题型/考向三: 现在分词、过去分词 1.动词不定式1.1.动词不定式的形式:基本形式为“to+动词原形”，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。例 It's important not to be late for class.上课不迟到是非常重要的。1.2.动词不定式的功能（1)动词不定式作状语。作状语时，一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。例We need more money to improve transport in London.我们需要更多的钱来改善伦敦的交通状况。（2)动词不定式作主语。常用it作形式主语，真正作主语的不定式后置。常用句型为“It is+adj.+(of/for sb.) to do sth.”。例It's not easy to find your way around the town.在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。（3)动词不定式作宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：would like/want to 想要              agree to同意                     afford to 负担得起hope/wish to 希望                   decide to决定                    promise to 承诺continue to 继续                    expect to 期望                    refuse to 拒绝（4)动词不定式作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词：tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事               warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事            allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事            advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事（5)动词不定式作定语。作定语时常放在修饰词后，作后置定语。例I can't think of any good advice to give her.我想不出任何好的建议给她。（6)动词不定式作表语。常放于be动词后。例My job is to look after the baby.我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。1.3.“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose 及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。I didn't know how to get back to the village.我不知道怎样回到村子。1.4.常见省略to的动词不定式结构had better do sth.最好做某事                   would rather do sth.宁愿做某事cannot but do sth.只好做某事                   Why(not)do sth.?为什么（不）做某事？2.动名词2.1.动名词的功能（1)动名词作动词的宾语。常接动名词作宾语的动词（短语）有：enjoy喜欢              finish 完成               keep(on)保持             mind介意advise 建议             suggest 建议             practice 练习             admit 承认feel like 想要           can't help 禁不住          imagine 想象             avoid 避免（2)作介词的宾语。介词后用动名词作宾语。例After eating in her restaurant people would become tired very quickly.顾客在她的餐馆里吃过饭以后，很快就会感到疲乏。（3)动名词作定语。置于被修饰词之前，表明被修饰词的用途、性质等。例She is in the waiting room.她在候车室。例Let's buy a washing machine.我们买台洗衣机吧。（4)动名词作主语。表示一种概念、习惯或经验，常用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾。It is fun playing computer games.玩电脑游戏很有趣。（5)动名词作表语。例His favorite sports is playing basketball.他最喜欢的运动是打篮球。2.2.动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别部分动词后接动词不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大。remember to do sth.记得去做某事               remember doing sth.记得做过某事forget to do sth.忘记去做某事                  forget doing sth.忘记做过某事regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事（未做某事而遗憾）regret doing sth.后悔做了某事（做了某事而后悔）try to do sth.设法尽力做某事                  try doing sth.试着做某事stop to do sth.停下当前事去做另一件事         stop doing sth.停止当前事3.现在分词、过去分词分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。分词的句法功能如下：功能说明例句定语修饰语与被修饰词为主动关系或动作正在进行用现在分词；反之，为被动关系或动作已完成用过去分词。单个分词作定语放在所修饰词前，分词短语作定语放在修饰词后。For example,there are already robots working in factories.例如，已经有机器人在工厂里工作了。He is a man loved by all.他是一个受大家爱戴的人。状语与主语为主动关系用现在分词；与主语为被动关系用过去分词。Being ill,she stayed at home.因为病了，所以她待在家里。Given another hour,I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时，我也能做出这道题。补足语宾语与补足语为主动关系或表示动作正在进行用现在分词；宾语与补足语为被动关系、动作已完成或动作他人完成用过去分词。Don't have the students studying all day.不要让学生们整天学习。He found his hometown greatly changed.他发现他的家乡变化很大。 1．（2022·江苏苏州·校考一模）He devoted what he paid attention ________ it possible for women ________ better education.A．to making; to receive B．to making; to receiving C．to to making; to receive D．to to making; receive2．（2023秋·甘肃兰州·九年级校考期末）Jane used to ________ to school, but now she is used to ________ a bike to school.A．walk; ridingB．walking; rideC．walking; ridingD．walk; ride3．（2023秋·河北石家庄·九年级石家庄市第四十一中学校考期末）It is wise ______Linda to make up her mind _______to play an instrument.A．for ; learning B．for ; to learn C．of ; learning D．of ; to learn4．（2023·重庆·模拟预测）He found ________ difficult ________ English well.A．it, learn B．it, to learn C．that, learn D．that, to learn5．（2023·天津和平·统考一模）Our parents always try to do what they can ________ us to have a good learning condition.A．help B．helping C．helps D．to help6．（2023·江苏扬州·校考一模）The career he devoted himself to ________ him ________ by people all over the world.A．made; remembered B．making; rememberC．making; was remembered D．made; to remember7．（2022·上海·模拟预测）You can be what you want to be, a song ________ by Jiang Yunsheng in 2020 is my favorite.A．wrote B．writes C．writing D．written8．（2023·江苏南通·模拟预测）—How much difficulty did you have ________ this problem? —________. It’s quite easy.A．to solve; Nothing B．to solve; None C．solving; None D．solving; Nothing9．（2022·内蒙古包头·模拟预测）__________ with the price of houses, the price of cars has become a little lower recently.A．To compare B．Comparing C．Compared D．To be compared10．（2022·云南红河·统考一模）My English teacher told me that she expected me ________ progress through my effort.A．make B．made C．to make D．making11．（2022·九年级单元测试）Because of COVID-19, our teachers advise us ________ to the public places less.A．to go B．going C．not to go D．not going12．（2022·江苏盐城·统考一模）________ more about British culture, Jack has decided to go on a trip to England.A．Learn B．Learned C．Learning D．To learn13．（2022·江苏扬州·统考二模）We found him________ with. He’s quite an easy-going guy.A．easily to work B．easily working C．easy to work D．easy working14．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题）—Do you know there are more than 3,000 languages ______ in the world?—Sorry, I have no idea.A．speaking B．spoken C．speak D．spoke15．（2022·贵州黔东南·统考中考真题）There is no doubt _________ Harry Potter is worth _________.A．whether, read B．if; to read C．that; reading D．as; being read16．（2022·内蒙古包头·包头市第三十五中学校考三模）________ the earthquake in Southwest China’s Sichuan province at 5:00 pm on June 1st, 2022, many people were shocked at the news.A．To hear B．Hear C．Hearing D．Heard17．（2022·吉林长春·校考模拟预测）Mike is a new student in our class and I’m the first ________ friends with him.A．make B．to make C．making D．made18．（2022秋·贵州毕节·九年级统考期末）—What’s the matter with Bob? —He wasn’t allowed ________ with his classmates. A．going out B．went out C．goes out D．to go out19．（2023·江苏淮安·校考一模）What sport does Zhong Nanshan enjoy ________ him look strong?A．to make B．make C．making D．made20．（2022·江苏徐州·统考模拟预测）My hometown used to be a small place ________ with ________ it is now.A．compared; how B．compared; what C．comparing; what D．comparing; how21．（2022·江苏盐城·校考一模）The method we thought of ________ the problem proved to be correct.A．to solve B．solving C．solved D．solves22．（2022·江苏扬州·校考三模）Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________ some schools for poor children.A．set up B．setting up C．have set up D．having set up23．（2022·重庆开州·校联考二模）Although we began to learn English 3 years ago, we still have trouble ________ the new words.A．remember B．remembering C．to remember D．of remembering24．（2022·陕西西安·高新一中校考一模）Our teachers will do what they can ________ us get through all the difficulties.A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped25．（2022秋·吉林长春·九年级统考期末）Little Tom did what he could ________ his pet dog.A．saving B．saved C．to save D．save26．（2022秋·江苏淮安·九年级统考期末）Helen was seen ________ in the next room just now, but I don’t know whether she is there now.A．to dancing B．dancing C．danced D．dance27．（2022秋·江苏扬州·九年级校联考期末）Paul is really considering ________ himself to ________ those children in western areas.A．to devote, helping B．devoting, helping C．devoting, help D．to devote, help28．（2022秋·山东青岛·九年级青岛大学附属中学校考期中）The young man, ________ Little Tiger has won many prizes in the golf competitions.A．is known as B．is known for C．known as D．known for29．（2023·河北邯郸·统考一模）—Do you remember the astronauts ______ you classes in the space station?—They are Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.A．give B．giving C．to give D．gave30．（2022春·江苏盐城·九年级校联考期中）The scientist spent three days ________ in the study, thinking about the problem.A．locking B．locked C．to lock D．locks