新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案15必修第三册Unit4SpaceExploration

这是一份新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案15必修第三册Unit4SpaceExploration，共7页。
练案[15]　必修第三册　UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATIONⅠ.完形填空(2023·石家庄市毕业质检二)Your first day anywhere can be tough.As a supply teacher，I had one such experience when I was  1.B　 to work at a special education school.When I received the call asking if I was available that day，a wave of  2.A　 rushed over me.I'd never taught in a special school before, but I  3.C　 pulled myself together and drove to the school.On the way there，I had  4.B　 about everything I couldn't do.As I  5.D　，I was greeted by the head who  6.A　 me there was “nothing to worry about”， but I was feeling anything but！I was told I would teach Key Stage 1. 7.C　 by their parents, the children began to show up.I tried to  8.B　 my anxious feelings, although a few drops of  9.C　 were noticeable.The whole class，a total of 8 with various special needs, arrived by 9：30.Contrary to my  10.D　, as the day went on, my  11.A　 levels went down.The children were expressive, unique and passionate, though there were times that left me slightly  12.C　 by their screams.As the day ended，I could  13.B　 say it was one of the best experiences of my teaching career.I hope anyone will  14.D　 working at a special school and allow the passion of the children there to  15.D　 their love of teaching.语篇导读：文章主要讲述了作者一次去特殊学校上课的经历。1．A.forced  B．requiredC．allowed  D．guided解析：根据后文“to work at a special education school”可知，作者被要求在一所特殊教育学校工作。故选B。2．A.panic  B．sadnessC．anger  D．sympathy解析：根据后文“I'd never taught in a special school before”可知，作者以前从没有在特殊学校教过书，所以感觉恐慌。故选A。3．A.hesitantly  B．regularlyC．eventually  D．desperately解析：根据后文“pulled myself together and drove to the school”可知，作者最终还是去了学校。故选C。4．A.plans  B．thoughtsC．doubts  D．opinions解析：根据后文“about everything I couldn't do”可知，作者思考自己不能在学校做的事情。故选B。5．A.broke up  B．sped upC．picked up  D．pulled up解析：结合上文“and drove to the school”可知，此处指停车。故选D。6．A.assured  B．warnedC．reminded  D．informed解析：根据后文“me there was ‘nothing to worry about’”可知，向作者保证没有什么可担心的。故选A。7．A.Abandoned  B．SuspectedC．Accompanied  D．Raised解析：根据后文“by their parents, the children began to show up”可知，孩子们在父母的陪同下出现。故选C。8．A.maintain  B．hideC．spread  D．enhance解析：根据后文“my anxious feelings”可知，作者试图掩饰自己的焦虑情绪。故选B。9．A.ink  B．rainC．sweat  D．blood解析：根据上文“my anxious feelings, although a few drops of”可知，此处指焦虑引起的汗水。故选C。10．A.decisions  B．conclusionsC．suggestions  D．predictions解析：后文提到作者的压力水平下降了，即与之前预期的自己感到焦虑相反。故选D。11．A.stress  B．educationC．energy  D．confidence解析：呼应上文“my anxious feelings”，作者感到焦虑如今水平下降了。故选A。12．A.inspired  B．refreshedC．shocked  D．satisfied解析：根据后文“by their screams”可知，对尖叫感到震惊。故选C。13．A.regretfully  B．honestlyC．jokingly  D．patiently解析：根据后文“say it was one of the best experiences of my teacher career”可知，作者可以诚实地说，这是自己教学生涯中最好的经历之一。故选B。14．A.admit  B．recommendC．tolerate  D．consider解析：根据后文“working at a special school”可知，考虑到特殊学校工作。故选D。15．A.celebrate  B．earnC．guarantee  D．awaken解析：根据上文“allow the passion of the children there to”可知，让特殊学校孩子的热情唤醒对教学的热爱。故选D。Ⅱ.阅读理解(2023·重庆巴蜀中学月考)Sending rockets into space requires sacrificing expensive equipment, burning massive amounts of fuel, and risking potential catastrophe.So in the space race of the 21st century, some engineers are abandoning rockets for something much more exciting：elevators.Imagine hopping on a fast-spinning carrousel(旋转木马) while holding a rope attached to a rock.As long as the carrousel keeps spinning, the rock and the rope will remain horizontal, kept in the air by centrifugal force (离心力)．If we replace the carrousel with the Earth，the rope with a long cable, and the rock with a counterweight, we can imagine the modern space elevator—a cable pulled into space by the physics of our spinning planet.For this to work, the counterweight would need to be far enough away that the centrifugal force generated by the Earth's spin is greater than the planet's gravity.These forces balance out at roughly 36,000 kilometers above the surface, so the counterweight should be beyond this height.The resultant force on objects at this specific distance is evidently zero, leaving the objects in geostationary orbit, which means they revolve around the Earth at the same rate as the planet spins, thus appearing motionless in the sky.The counterweight itself could be anything.From here, the cable could be released down through the atmosphere and connected to a base station on the planet's surface.To maximize centrifugal acceleration, this anchor point should be close to the Equator.And by making the loading station a mobile ocean base, the entire system could be moved at will, allowing it to perform around extreme weather, and avoid satellites in space.Once established, cargo could be loaded onto devices called climbers, which would pull packages along the cable and into orbit.But the main problem lies in the cable itself.In addition to supporting a massive amount of weight, the cable's material would have to be strong enough to stand the counterweight's pull.And because this tension and the force of gravity would vary at different points, its strength and thickness would need to vary as well.But so far, we've only been able to manufacture very small nanotube(纳米管) chains.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是现代太空升降机。1．Why does the author mention the carrousel experience in Paragraph 2？_A__A．To illustrate a theory.B．To make a prediction.C．To share an experience.D．To provide the background.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“If we replace the carrousel with the Earth, the rope with a long cable, and the rock with a counterweight, we can imagine the modern space elevator——a cable pulled into space by the physics of our spinning planet.”可知，作者在第二段中提到坐旋转木马的经历的目的是用类比的手法来说明一个理论。故选A。2．What makes objects revolve around the Earth at the same rate as the planet spins？_A__A．The resultant force.B．The counterweight's pull.C．The centrifugal force.D．The planet's gravity.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“The resultant force on objects... leaving the objects in geostationary orbit, which means they revolve around the Earth at the same rate as the planet spins”可知，让物体以与地球自转相同的速度围绕地球旋转的是合力。故选A。3．Which of the following statements about the space elevator is correct？_C__A．The loading position would be a fixed base.B．The climbers would pull the cable into orbit.C．The cargo could be sent into orbit from the sea.D．The cable could connect the base station to the Equator.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“And by making the loading station a mobile ocean base, the entire system could be moved at will, allowing it to perform around extreme weather, and avoid satellites in space.”可知，货物可以从海上被送入轨道。故选C。4．How might scientists solve the cable problem？_B__A．By operating the elevator with more cables.B．By making the cable flexible and strengthened.C．By reducing the counterweight's pull on the cable.D．By building the elevator somewhere with no gravity.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In addition to supporting a massive amount of weight, the cable's material would have to be strong enough to stand the counterweight's pull.And because this tension and the force of gravity would vary at different points, its strength and thickness would need to vary as well.”可知，电缆不仅需要足够结实，它的强度和厚度都需要不同。故科学家通过使电缆有弹性和加固电缆来解决电缆问题。故选B。Ⅲ.应用文写作(2023·福建省四地市第一次质检)你校英文报《英语天空》(English Sky)，正在举办以“中国航空航天成就”为主题的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1．介绍成就；2．分享感受。注意：写作词数应为80左右。Aerospace Achievements of China________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文：Aerospace Achievements of ChinaIn the last decade, China has made great achievements in space programs.What impressed me most was the real-time interactive scientific lectures conducted on the Shenzhou-13 spacecraft last year, which were shown live to thousands of teachers and students on the ground.The event has stimulated great interest in space science among middle school students nationwide.Flying is the dream of everyone.I believe, with innovative ideas and perseverance, we human beings will be able to fly further and further not only from the Earth to the Moon, but to Mars and beyond.Ⅳ.读后读写(2023·广东省汕头市一模)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。After a very meaningful conversation with my dad about the old days, we came up with an object that we both remembered clearly.It was my very first bicycle.My mind told me I got it when I was seven, who was cheated to ride it for fifty yards alone the first time I tried!My dad put together all the small pieces of the bicycle from a beautiful material that he called，“Your own car.”Of course I knew he had some magical ability, but I didn't think he could make such an awesome object.He added the seat and the pedals(脚踏板) so that I would not have any problems.My dad recalled the bicycle was the smallest he could find while I remembered how huge it was.I was so afraid of it and there was no way that I was going to control that monster-sized material.The bicycle was left in my backyard as a decoration for a month because I refused to ride it.Honestly，I was scared to try it.After a month, my dad gave me a lecture to teach me what being a man was all about.I was finally determined to try it.My dad was proud of me and I felt very manly.He and I went to the park to see what we could do there.The park was empty when we arrived.I had no doubt that my dad told everybody not to be there because we had to use it.I felt sorry for other people, but I was proud to have such an omnipotent(全能的) person as my dad.We found a smooth and open space.My dad was holding the back part of the seat to make sure I wouldn't fall.He promised me that I was not going to fall because he would be running right behind, holding the bicycle.注意：续写词数应为150左右。I turned around and found my dad was not behind. _____________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I started to pedal and the bicycle moved. _____________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________写作提示：1．审题：(1)明确故事人物：作者和爸爸；(2)厘清主要事件：作者在和爸爸就过去的时光进行了一次非常有意义的交谈后，想起了他们都记忆犹新的经历——作者的第一辆自行车以及作者第一次骑自行车的故事。2．写作要点：(1)由第一段首句“我转过身，发现爸爸不在后面。”可知，第一段可描写爸爸想放开手让作者独自骑行。(2)由第二段首句“我开始踩踏板，自行车就动了。”可知，第二段可描写作者通过反复的练习，开始慢慢地会骑自行车了。参考范文：I turned around and found my dad was not behind.I was so scared that I felt like I was going to fall at any moment.Not surprisingly, after swaying several times，I fell to the ground.I asked my father angrily why he let go of the bicycle and let me ride alone.He smiled and said to me：“It's OK.Stick to it for a while.”Then he started to teach me how to keep my body in balance.I learned the skills, and decided to repeat the practice several times.I started to pedal and the bicycle moved.I rode for some distance and could apparently feel that my body was stably in balance.More than excited，I shouted to my father, who was cheering me from not far away，“Look！Am I just doing in the right way.It works！”He first nodded with the same excitement, and then yelled back，“You are doing really good！”Finally I could ride my bike just like a free bird flying happily in the air.