（新高考）2023版高考英语一轮总复习 练案15 Unit 4 space exploration 新人教版必修第三册

必修第三册　UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2022·长春市质检一)

As I work in the garden, I take my time. And the garden is __1.D__ me about working with the earth. I recognize that there will be both successes and failures and there are many factors that __2.B__ them both. The quality of the seeds can affect the growth of the plants. The __3.C__ can be too hot, too cold, or exactly right. Weeds need to be pulled and thrown away to __4.D__ that the fruits, vegetables, and flowers we have planted grow well.

I take time to stand back and rest, and to __5.B__ the plants. Each plant is __6.D__ and develops in the way that is best for them. Some have large broad leaves to __7.C__ their fruit from the rays of the sun, while other plants are more __8.A__， their fruit needing the light to grow and ripen.

Getting my hands __9.B__ and feeling the sweat on my forehead, as I work under the summer sun，reminds me I am __10.C__ in the ways I wouldn’t have remembered sitting on the couch.

I feel attracted to move things around to transplant and to __11.A__ the natural order of how plants grow. The garden teaches me the importance of knowing when to disturb things and when to let them be. The garden’s life cycle __12.D__ a pattern that is repeated according to the __13.C__ of nature. Birth, growth, and then death and it teaches me to accept this fact.

Perhaps life is like the __14.D__，successes and failures, time to be active and time to rest, to let go of what is no longer needed, to cultivate what helps us to grow into our light and power, and to readily __15.B__ life from beginning to end.

语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者在园子里耕种时，认真观察，感悟到了人生哲理：人的生命就像园子一样，有成功也会有失败；有积极拼搏的时间也要有休息放松的时间。所以要抛弃那些不需要的东西，培养有助于我们成长的东西，自始至终都要以良好的心态去接受生命。

1．A.telling　　　　　　　　　 B．concerning

C．worrying　 D．teaching

解析：考查词汇复现。根据第四段中的“The garden teaches... let them be.”可知，此处应是园子教会作者如何与土地打交道。故选D。

2．A.destroy　 B．affect

C．promote　 D．exchange

解析：考查语境推断。空后的them指代“successes and failures”，故此处表达的是有很多因素影响成功和失败。A项“毁坏”；B项“影响”；C项“促进，推动”；D项“交换”。故选B。

3．A.water　 B．air

C．weather　 D．wind

解析：考查常识推断。根据空后的“can be too hot, too cold”，故可知此处是天气。故选C。

4．A.make sense　 B．find out

C．work out　 D．make sure

解析：考查语境推断。此处表达的是杂草需要被拔出然后扔掉，以确保种植的水果、蔬菜和花好好生长。A项“有道理，讲得通”；B项“弄清”；C项“计算，找到”；D项“确保”。故选D。

5．A.tend　 B．observe

C．count　 D．examine

解析：考查语境推断。根据下文描述植株的生长以及空前的“stand back and rest”可推知，此处应是观察植株。A项“倾向，照料”；B项“观察”；C项“计算总数，重要”。故选B。

6．A.beautiful　 B．average

C．amazing　 D．unique

解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“develops in the way that is best for them”可推知，此处是每棵植株都很独特。故选D。

7．A.prevent　 B．separate

C．shade　 D．remove

解析：考查语境推断。此处表达的是一些植株长出宽大的叶子为它们的果实提供阴凉，以避免阳光照射。A项“阻止”；B项“分离”；C项“给……遮挡(光线)”；D项“移开”。故选C。

8．A.open　 B．delicate

C．straight　 D．vivid

解析：考查语境推断。此处表达的是而另一些植株的叶子却很稀疏，它们的果实需要阳光才能生长成熟。A项“稀疏的，不密的”，B项“微妙的，精美的，脆弱的”；C项“直的”；D项“生动的”。故选A。

9．A.empty　 B．dirty

C．broken　 D．free

解析：考查常识推断。在园中劳动双手肯定沾有泥巴。此处表达的是在烈日炎炎下，作者双手沾满泥巴，额头汗水滚下，这让作者明白自己是以这种方式活着。A项“空的”；B项“肮脏的”。故选B。

10．A.awake　 B．tired

C．alive　 D．independent

解析：考查语境推断。参见上题解析。A项“醒着的”；B项“累的”；C项“活着的”；D项“独立的”。故选C。

11．A.disturb　 B．find

C．enjoy　 D．guide

解析：考查词汇复现。根据下句中的“The garden teaches me the importance of knowing when to disturb things”可知，此处是作者被这些植株吸引，移栽植株并扰乱它们的自然生长规律。A项“干扰”。故选A。

12．A.discovers　 B．transforms

C．draws　 D．follows

解析：考查语境推断。此处表达的是园中植株的生命轮回遵循的是一个模式。B项“使改观”；C项“吸引”；D项“跟随”；“遵循”。故选D。

13．A.changes　 B．reflection

C．laws　 D．development

解析：考查常识推断。此处表达的是这种模式根据自然的规律不断地重复。B项“反射”；C项“定律”。故选C。

14．A.plant　 B．sun

C．fruit　 D．garden

解析：考查语境推断。根据第一段的第二句可推知，此处是生命可能就像这园子一样。故选D。

15．A.expect　 B．accept

C．picture　 D．receive

解析：考查语境推断。此处表达的是放开不需要的东西，培养有助于我们成长的东西，自始至终积极地接受生命。故选B。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2022·广东省一模)

As an astronomer (天文学家)，I am accustomed to observing the universe in quiet places. I observe galaxies in the deep universe—places so far away that their light takes billions of years to reach our eyes.

Sometimes I wonder what our own galaxy looked like billions of years ago, before our solar system was born. I often stare at the Hubble Deep Field(哈勃深空区) searching for clues: galaxies colliding (碰撞)，stars exploding, and stellar nurseries. Can looking to the stars bring us closer together?

A couple of months ago, Betelgeuse, a bright star in the Orion constellation (猎户座) started to get dimmer and dimmer. Astronomers all over the world thought this might be a signal that the star was about to explode. Though it might not happen for another 1,000 years or more, still I went outside every night to check it out. I was hoping that it would explode. Imagine seeing a star shining as bright as the full moon even during the day.

I started dreaming about using such_an_event to remind everyone that stars produce nearly all of the chemical elements in the universe, which came directly out of the Big Bang. Everything we breathe，touch and see was made inside of stars. The iron in our blood, calcium in our bones, and almost the entire periodic table are products of stellar evolution.

Betelgeuse did not explode, and more recent observations note that it is actually returning to normal. But nothing is normal here on Earth now.I am beginning to realize that we did not need a star to explode to unite us. All we needed was a common problem.

I am hoping that everyone on the planet is saving some time to contemplate (凝视，沉思) the universe and to realize we are not alone. No matter where we are or who we are, we are on this planet together. Since we are all made of stars, looking up at the night sky gives us a glimpse of our past and our future, and we can contemplate both together.

语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。以一位天文学家对星空的观察和思考入手，提出“仰望星空可以拉近我们的距离”这一观点，作者建议人类应该重新审视自己的生存方式。

1．Why does the author write this article？__D__

A．To advise others to stare at a potentially exploding star recently.

B．To research into the scientific mystery in the universe with readers.

C．To discuss the proper relationship between human and the universe.

D．To advise us to think about the way human beings live in this world.

解析：推理判断题。根据第四段和最后一段可知，作者认为星球创造了宇宙中几乎一切的化学元素，也创造了人类；地球上的每一个人都应该仰望星空，因为这样我们可以看到我们的过去和未来，可以看到我们都在一起，并不孤单。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是建议我们思考人类在这个世界上的生存方式。故选D。

2．According to the article，what do we know about Betelgeuse？__B__

A．It is a star the author tracked for years.

B．It will produce chemical elements if it explodes.

C．It is a normal star which is disappearing.

D．It will explode in ten thousand years.

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“to remind everyone that stars produce nearly all of the chemical elements in the universe, which came directly out of the Big Bang”可知，宇宙大爆炸后，星球创造了宇宙中几乎一切的化学元素；而“参宿四”是一个星球，故它如果爆炸，可以释放化学元素。故选B。

3．What does the underlined phrase “such an event” in Paragraph 4 refer to？__A__

A．Betelgeuse’s potential explosion.

B．Betelgeuse’s getting dimmer and dimmer.

C．The author’s checking out every night.

D．A star’s shining as bright as the sun.

解析：词义猜测题。根据逻辑可知应从画线部分的上文去寻找其指代的内容。故根据第三段中的“Astronomers all over the world thought this might be a signal that the star was about to explode.”可知，这个事件指的就是这颗星球有可能会爆炸。故选A。

4．What’s the best title of this passage？__C__

A．What Should an Astronomer Do?

B．Should We Know More about the Universe?

C．Looking to the Stars Can Bring Us Closer Together

D．Getting United Is a Problem Impossible to Solve

解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，作者从对星空的观察入手，讲到星球创造了宇宙中几乎一切的化学元素，也创造了人类；作者认为我们应该经常凝视星空，重新审视自己的生存方式，并看到我们并不孤单。故C项(仰望星空可以拉近我们的距离)最适合作为本文的标题。故选C。

Ⅲ.读后续写

(2022·辽宁省各校高三第二次联合考试)

Pinty Tailor was a little boy who enjoyed going to school and doing all sorts of things, except for drawing. Using brushes and pencils didn’t come easy to Pinty, so his works of drawing didn’t end happily, and he’d just give up.

But one day Pinty found a pencil of such lovely colors that he couldn’t resist, and he tried drawing a circle. As ever, it didn’t go well, and he was about to throw the pencil away when his drawing began to speak to him.

“Psst! You aren’t going to leave me like this, are you? Come on! The least you can do is draw me a pair of eyes！” said the drawing. Pinty was understandably shocked, but he managed to draw two little spots inside the circle.

“Much better, now I can see myself，” said the circle, looking around at itself. “Arghh! But what have you done to me？！”

“I don’t draw very well，” said Pinty, trying to make excuses.

“OK, no problem，” the drawing interrupted him. “I’m sure that if you try again you’ll do better. Go on and rub me out！” So Pinty erased the circle and drew another one. Like the first one, it wasn’t very round.

“Hey! You forgot the eyes again! Hmm, I think I’m going to have to teach you how to draw until you can do me well，” said the circle with its quick little voice.

To Pinty, this didn’t seem like a bad idea, and he immediately found himself drawing and erasing circles. The circle wouldn’t stop saying “rub this out, but carefully; it hurts，” or “draw me some hair. quickly！” and other funny remarks.

After spending nearly the whole afternoon together, Pinty could already draw the little figure much better than most of his classmates could have. He was enjoying it so much that he didn’t want to stop drawing with his crazy new teacher. Before going to bed that night, Pinty gave his new instructor a hearty thank you.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The next morning Pinty jumped out of bed and ran to find his pencil, but it wasn’t there.

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So, to settle the matter, he took a pencil and some paper and tried to draw a little man.

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参考范文：

The next morning Pinty jumped out of bed and ran to find his pencil, but it wasn’t there. He searched everywhere, but there was no sign of it. And the sheet of paper on which he had drawn the little figure, although still full of rubbing out marks, was completely blank. Pinty began to worry, and he did not know if he had really spent the previous afternoon talking with the little man or whether he had dreamt the whole thing.

So, to settle the matter, he took a pencil and some paper and tried to draw a little man. It turned out not bad at all, except for a couple of jagged lines. He imagined his bossy little teacher telling him to round out those edges, and that it looked like he was trying to give him spots. Pinty gladly rubbed out those bits and redrew them. He realised that the crazy little teacher had been right: it made no difference whether you had the magic pencil or not; to manage to do things, you only needed to keep trying and to enjoy doing so.