高考英语完形填空专项训练

这是一份高考英语完形填空专项训练，共38页。
完形填空
Why some brilliant ideas get overlooked?
In 1928, Karl Jansky, a young radio engineer at Bell Telephone Laboratories, began researching static interference that might obscure voice transmissions. Five years later, after building a large rotating antenna (天线) and investigating every possibility he could think of, he published his remarkable ____1____: some of the static was coming from the Milky Way.
Jansky’s theory was eye-catching enough to be published in The New York Times but scientists were ____2____. Radio signals from outer space? Surely they were too weak to detect. Jansky’s ideas were largely ____3____ for about a decade. He died at the age of 44. Thankfully, he lived long enough to see his ideas blossom into field of radio astronomy.
Jansky’s story resonates with us: we all like the idea of the researcher who is so far ahead of their ____4____ that it takes years for the rest of the world to catch up. Gregor Mendel’s research into plant genetics is a famous example — published in 1866, it was only verified and taken seriously in 1900.
The stories of Jansky and Mendel hold out some hope to anyone who feels that the world has not quite ____5____ their brilliance. There is even a name for such cases, coined by Anthony van Raan of Leiden University: “Sleeping Beauties”, scientific papers that receive almost no citations for years, before finding wide ____6____. (Some scholars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recognition”.)
So what is it about an idea that delays recognition? One view is that brilliant ideas are overlooked when delivered by obscure messengers. Jansky and Mendel were somewhat detached from (离开) the scientific ____7____. In 1970, the sociologist Stephen Cole published an analysis arguing that the obstacle tended to lie in the ____8____ of the idea itself, rather than the prestige of the scientist behind it. Ideas fell asleep for a hundred years because they were radical, or confusing, or both.
It is difficult to be sure. Two scholars of the field, Eugene Garfield and Wolfgand Glanzel, have argued that such ____9____ of delayed recognition are so rare as to be hard to analyse. Studying papers published in 1980 from the vantage (优势) point of 2004, they looked for articles that were barely cited for five years, then subsequently ____10____. They found just 60 examples in 450,000 cases. There are plenty of examples of research that is barely cited; what is rare is their subsequent popularity.
Why, then, is this myth such a compelling one? One explanation, of course, is that we all love a story of the underdog (黑马) who triumphs against ____11____. Immediate and sustained success is as boring as immediate and sustained failure.
Another is that scientists themselves are fond of the thought that their ideas are ____12____. In an essay on delayed recognition, Garfield notes mildly that one historian of science, Derek Price, believed one of his own papers was suffering delayed recognition. It is easy to chuckle, but it is also easy to empathise.
Delayed recognition is rare. Much more ____13____ is for people simply to reach their prime late in life. David Galenson is an economist who studies the creative output of musicians, artists, directors and others. Galenson has found that while it is quite possible to ____14____ as a radical young conceptual artist, there are many examples of “old masters” whose later works are more admired than their youthful ones.
We all need to be able to hold on to the idea that the best is yet to come. But it is too tempting to hope that what we have already produced will, one day, be recognized for its brilliance. Good things do not come to those who wait, if ____15____ is all they do. It is wiser to get back to work and make something better.
1．A．conclusion B．device C．invention D．paper
2．A．unreliable B．uncomfortable C．unimpressed D．unsatisfactory
3．A．criticized B．kept C．ignored D．inspected
4．A．mission B．goal C．schedule D．time
5．A．caught up with B．had a good command of C．made good use of D．taken advantage of
6．A．attention B．platform C．space D．vision
7．A．data B．kingdom C．mainstream D．proof
8．A．content B．origin C．popularity D．presence
9．A．examples B．letters C．reports D．supporters
10．A．broke off B．paid off C．switched off D．took off
11．A．the authorities B．the odds C．the opposite D．the wrong
12．A．underappreciated B．underdeveloped C．underequipped D．underperformed
13．A．challenging B．common C．complicated D．difficult
14．A．break through B．get through C．make ends meet D．make sense
15．A．complaining B．socializing C．thinking D．waiting

For a start, we’re not sure what artificial intelligence (AI) is, which complicates our every conversation about what effect it will have on our lives. We can’t even really ___16___ what intelligence is in humans, where the conversation inevitably goes away from science and into philosophy.
As neither a scientist nor a philosopher, but with decades of personal experience on the front lines of both human and machine cognition (认知), I prefer to focus on the ___17___. AI will be the greatest technological advance since the Internet turned the world into a living stream of data. It will eventually be more ___18___ than the Internet, changing every part of our lives in seen and unseen ways. And it’s already ___19___.
From medical diagnosis to investment banking, from hiring staff to educating our children, these increasingly ___20___ systems are changing the world. Whether you find this terrifying or wonderful is important, because public ___21___ drives education, investment, and regulation, making the outcome a type of self-fulfilling promise. ___22___, if people find the rapid advance of intelligent machines terrifying instead of wonderful, it won’t stop it, but it could make the outcome much worse. Powerful new technology nearly always causes distress before producing broad benefits. By slowing down our progress out of unreasoning ___23___, we lengthen the distress stage by delaying the next waves of breakthroughs needed to produce the broader benefits.
There are real and immediate ___24___ about the increase in intelligent machines, especially autonomous ones. Rising inequality if automation hits lower-income people harder, personal data being used improperly by companies… None of these issues come anywhere close to an existential threat – the killer robots of Hollywood or the super-intelligent AI that sees no reason to ___25___. It’s as if everyone were curious about how we might all one day be killed by robots.
As a member of the executive board of the Foundation for Responsible Robotics and as a security ambassador for Avast Software, I’ve become all too ___26___ the real threats we may be faced with due to these AI-enhanced machines. And I’m glad that great minds like Stephen Hawking and Elon Musk are voicing their concerns, and that top AI authorities like Nick Bostrom are mapping out the ___27___ possibilities. After all, we live with nuclear power that could literally destroy the planet, and we certainly want it to be monitored and used ___28___.
But like all our inventions, AI is capable of being used for good or evil. ___29___ matters, and so making better humans will always be more important than making smarter machines. Above all, we must keep ___30___, because the only solution for the problems caused by today’s technology is tomorrow’s.
16．A．tell apart B．disapprove of C．glance at D．agree on
17．A．theoretical B．practical C．physical D．mental
18．A．specialized B．transformative C．predictable D．irrelevant
19．A．happening B．misleading C．worsening D．changing
20．A．intense B．annoying C．capable D．simple
21．A．health B．image C．service D．opinion
22．A．In short B．What’s more C．That is D．As a result
23．A．fear B．deed C．manner D．passion
24．A．rumors B．remarks C．mysteries D．concerns
25．A．take humans in B．keep humans around C．give humans up D．put humans away
26．A．familiar with B．ignorant of C．superior to D．unhappy about
27．A．newest B．best C．oldest D．worst
28．A．occasionally B．responsibly C．immediately D．genuinely
29．A．Technology B．Morality C．Intelligence D．Automation
30．A．moving forward B．looking upon C．calming down D．running away

My husband gave me a surprise gift for Christmas-a gift that, at the time, seemed odd. It was a little, a cute, colourful bird, conure(锥尾鹦鹉). She liked biting at first, but she quickly became the sweetest little creature, and she ____31____ every day. I was looking forward to every morning to seeing her.
Before I would never have ____32____ myself owning a bird but now she had ____33____ her little self firmly around my heart. ____34____, three days ago, she seemed not quite herself. She was ____35____ to fly. So, I brought her to the vet(兽医), and she was much more ____36____ than I could have imagined. It was touch and go, but she ____37____ it through the night. But when it was starting to look like she was almost out of the woods, we ____38____ her quite suddenly.
I was overwhelmed. I cried all the way to the vet to ____39____ her little body. When I walked into the clinic, they brought my little conure out in the travel cage I’d _____40_____ her in. She was placed in a felt pouch(毡袋), with a flower tied to it with a ribbon(丝带). I settled my bill while wiping _____41_____ off my cheeks.
When I turned around to leave, I was _____42_____ to see a girl standing in front of me. She looked at me right in the eyes with a look of sincere _____43_____ and asked me if I wanted a hug. I _____44_____ on her shoulder because that’s exactly what I _____45_____ . It was the kindest gesture that I’d never expected.
31．A．brightened up B．flew away C．dropped by D．got up
32．A．set B．imagined C．enjoyed D．kept
33．A．covered B．showed C．wrapped D．gathered
34．A．Generally B．Particularly C．Ridiculously D．Unfortunately
35．A．learning B．struggling C．managing D．expecting
36．A．ill B．cheerful C．active D．willing
37．A．left B．hid C．made D．lived
38．A．missed B．lost C．sold D．trained
39．A．feed B．attend C．raise D．collect
40．A．brought B．bought C．threw D．fought
41．A．spots B．colours C．tears D．signs
42．A．upset B．frightened C．nervous D．surprised
43．A．apology B．sympathy C．welcome D．passion
44．A．broke down B．caught on C．spoke out D．woke up
45．A．believed B．recognized C．needed D．doubted

American author Gary Hopkins tells us, “A suitable apology can be a wonderful thing, so long as it is from the heart.” However, an apology is ___46___ to make.
A few years ago, I was a guest ___47___ at a conference for professional trainers. I was well ___48___, knowledgeable about the topic, and I felt confident as I ___49___ my speech. But afterwards, an experienced female delegate ___50___ me. We exchanged a few greetings, and then she dropped something unexpected on me. She said, “Do you know how many times you ___51___, from the moment you ___52___ to the microphone until the moment you left the stage?” “Sorry, I don’t know,” I replied. “Nine times,” she said. “And all of them were unnecessary.” I was ___53___. It was the first time someone had ever made me ___54___ my “sorry habit.” So what was the first word out of my mouth ___55___? “Sorry!” We both burst out laughing.
Of course, apologies shouldn’t be ___56___ that way. This incident raised my awareness of how we routinely use apologies. I know ___57___ to apologize is a big mistake as we’ve made a mistake or wronged someone else. How to do it? First and foremost, we need to understand real apologies or wholeheartedly saying “sorry” is ___58___. It’s like a big ___59___ into a relationship account and there’s no alternative for it. Actually, there are ___60___ apologies, which are tools of dodges (搪塞). They are awful and we should stop them. ___61___, habitual apologies are an unnecessary automatic response, as I ever made at the conference.
Generally, over apologizing ___62___ to happen when there’s a lack of ___63___ in your position, which will make others ___64___ you or even get unhappy. So we need to use apologies ___65___ and our attitude must be sincere. Refusing to apologize is a big mistake, and so is over apologizing.
46．A．essential B．impossible C．reasonable D．difficult
47．A．editor B．speaker C．worker D．member
48．A．dressed B．prepared C．known D．equipped
49．A．formed B．recalled C．delivered D．appreciated
50．A．blamed B．praised C．discovered D．approached
51．A．interrupted B．apologized C．stopped D．coughed
52．A．caught on B．brought out C．stepped on D．broke down
53．A．speechless B．hopeless C．confused D．frightened
54．A．ready for B．nervous about C．careful about D．aware of
55．A．in reply B．in vain C．in return D．in place
56．A．ignored B．mentioned C．used D．accepted
57．A．regretting B．failing C．pretending D．promising
58．A．ridiculous B．impressive C．accessible D．crucial
59．A．sale B．income C．deposit D．loss
60．A．private B．false C．inadequate D．illegal
61．A．Besides B．Therefore C．Nevertheless D．Instead
62．A．expects B．continues C．deserves D．tends
63．A．motivation B．confidence C．energy D．experience
64．A．embarrass B．challenge C．misunderstand D．tolerate
65．A．suitably B．normally C．directly D．frequently

People say one man’s trash is another man’s treasure. That ____66____ comes to me as I ____67____the house purchased in 1962 by my parents. My mother passed away in 1996. My father left the house ____68____my sister and me when he died a few months ago.
After Dad was____69____, we looked around the____70____house where we grew up and that Dad loved so much. At first we feel so ____71____at all the stuff left. Like so many of their generation, my parents ____72____everything. And like many in my generation, we faced anxious ____73____about what to abandon and what to keep.
As we started throwing out old phone books and every medical bill from every____74____my parents ever saw, I also_____75_____many hidden treasures. Mom’s pocketbook was in their bedroom closet, which had everything in it, _____76_____ her hairbrush with hair, as if she were still here. And Dad, who was a World War II veteran(退伍兵)and a world traveler, _____77_____ everything-from little spoons from all over the world to every letter he wrote to his parents while in the_____78_____. The letters he wrote during the war_____79_____his thoughts as a young man. Later, in the basement, I_____80_____our old kitchen table, which brought back _____81_____of my parents and sister and me having breakfast together.
I’m realizing all these things_____82_____my parents’ life journey. Each time I go to the _____83_____, I find something that reminded me of my childhood or teaches me something about my parents I _____84_____knew._____85_____, from the shabby furniture to all the hidden treasures, means more to me than all the money in the world.
66．A．thought B．goal C．principle D．coincidence
67．A．looked for B．looked into C．looked through D．looked after
68．A．with B．to C．for D．by
69．A．retired B．ill C．gone D．injured
70．A．clean B．strange C．modern D．empty
71．A．pleased B．familiar C．disappointed D．astonished
72．A．saved B．enjoyed C．purchased D．designed
73．A．decisions B．bargains C．challenges D．responsibilities
74．A．person B．neighbor C．doctor D．child
75．A．bought B．discovered C．buried D．lost
76．A．even B．just C．only D．yet
77．A．liked B．bought C．kept D．lost
78．A．school B．army C．college D．countryside
79．A．receive B．direct C．sense D．describe
80．A．repaired B．cleaned C．spotted D．set
81．A．descriptions B．introductions C．memories D．communications
82．A．recognized B．represented C．instructed D．confirmed
83．A．supermarket B．church C．office D．house
84．A．merely B．always C．really D．never
85．A．Anything B．Nothing C．Everything D．Something

One day, on my way to a fried chicken shop, I noticed many people warming up at the starting line. Runners of all ages, ____86____ and sizes, were preparing for the 5-kilometer running. I ____87____ everyone looked glad and proud there, high-fives happening everywhere, accompanied by friendly encouragement and wishes. I ____88____ what caused such enthusiasm. The idea of running for any reason ____89____ running towards an ice-cream truck had never been appealing to me.
As the runners took their places at, the starting line, I heard ____90____ cheers from the the bleachers (看台). I decided to stay and watch the whole race. The officials ____91____ for the start and all the runners rushed forward. They ran with ____92____  initially, but halfway, some runners looked tired, and one girl appeared ____93____ exhausted. I guessed she would  ____94____ in no time. Just then, a man in the bleachers shouted to the girl, “Come on, Tiffany! You can do it!” Hearing the words, Tiffany gave a ____95____ smile to the man and continued running. Soon some other runners who were slowing down also received ____96____ from people in the bleachers. No one seemed to drop out.
Finally, Tiffany managed to arrive at the finishing line breathlessly. ____97____ she wasn’t the winner, but the was pleased to finish the whole race. She raised her ____98____ in the air happily. Some other runners arrived one by one, and they ___99___ each other. Inspired, I began trying to avoid fast food and doing exercise after that day, which changed me a lot. Now I become healthier and more ____100____.
86．A．forms B．shapes C．heights D．names
87．A．witnessed B．appreciated C．realized D．confirmed
88．A．knew B．accepted C．wondered D．doubted
89．A．or rather B．other than C．more than D．rather than
90．A．imaginable B．colorful C．admirable D．powerful
91．A．signaled B．waved C．shouted D．asked
92．A．ease B．caution C．curiosity D．purpose
93．A．occasionally B．probably C．slightly D．particularly
94．A．turn down B．burst out C．take in D．give up
95．A．bitter B．regretful C．shameful D．brief
96．A．cheers B．gifts C．congratulations D．sighs
97．A．Sadly B．Obviously C．Unfortunately D．Amazingly
98．A．head B．fingers C．arms D．legs
99．A．dragged B．comforted C．congratulated D．greeted
100．A．skeptical B．confident C．careful D．conservative

Recently I found my dog Luna occasionally drag her right back foot. I __101__ she might have a problem. Several days later, I noticed she was starting to __102__her two back feet I knew something was__103__. I took her to the animal hospital, and was told that she has degenerative myelopathy (退行性脊髓病),a __104__rare disease. Dogs usually __105__six months to three years from when they first start showing symptoms (症状).
After getting the disease, her __106__ became harder and harder. She struggled with walking upstairs, and we often had to__107__her to lift her back feet. She could not get into my__108__ for rides without our help. Care can be provided to ease her__109__. Exercise is great to maintain weight and muscle mass, but exercising can __110__ injury. We’ve discussed the possibility of wheels when she loses use of her___111___
We know the time to say __112__to her will come sooner than we hoped. But we will be __113__ for the lessons she has taught us along this journey.
We have learned so much from Luna as she__114__her disease. She knows things are not right with her, but she is determined to walk and do the things she enjoys if we provide her with the tools to make it easier. We have learned _115_as Luna trusts me to do what is best for her.
101．A．concluded B．recognized C．suspected D．advised
102．A．bite B．drag C．break D．lose
103．A．wrong B．new C．strange D．certain
104．A．simply B．sincerely C．barely D．relatively
105．A．wait B．survive C．suffer D．affect
106．A．life B．attitude C．appetite D．future
107．A．argue B．force C．help D．ask
108．A．room B．car C．train D．box
109．A．mind B．burden C．stress D．pain
110．A．cause B．avoid C．follow D．treat
111．A．hand B．eyes C．legs D．ears
112．A．goodbye B．no C．hello D．sorry
113．A．pleased B．thankful C．regretful D．surprised
114．A．escapes from B．dies of C．suffers from D．fights against
115．A．wisdom B．honesty C．trust D．fun

Science isn’t only a way to learn about the world, but it can be a way to make the world a better place. The desire to help others drove Kamisi to use science to boost the___116___of people in her communities.
Kamisi, aged 17, aimed to improve___117___for sickle cell disease (镰状细胞贫血病). This disease___118___red blood cells to sickle, which makes it hard for those cells to___119___oxygen throughout the body. Natural chemicals called flavonoids (类黄酮) were known to___120___this slicking. By changing the chemical structure, she was able to boost their anti-sicking___121___,
Her family is Nigerian and this disease mainly___122___people of Western African origin. One day she was on a walk with her mother, and they were talking about a friend who was ___123___battling this disease. And her mother was telling her about the people who had it. She was___124___ about them. When Kamisi had the opportunity to do research at school, the young girl immediately____125____that it was time for her to study this disease.
The hardest part was that she had no____126____ experience with science projects like this. She had the____127____to continue trying different things when they weren’t working, “I think the most important thing is to hold the ____128____that I’m capable of doing many things.I had to believe that my work is worth something and____129____.” Kamisi says.
Now, Kamisi is also tying changing flavonoid from vegetables. She hopes to____130____the powers of her chemicals over longer periods of time.
116．A．health B．wealth C．happiness D．confidence
117．A．development B．condition C．treatment D．standard
118．A．accompanies B．allows C．signals D．causes
119．A．carry B．change C．make D．consume
120．A．relax B．reduce C．assist D．worsen
121．A．directions B．features C．aspects D．powers
122．A．affects B．favors C．touches D．attracts
123．A．regularly B．currently C．suddenly D．slowly
124．A．disappointed B．excited C．concerned D．frightened
125．A．decided B．announced C．commented D．responded
126．A．latest B．previous C．precious D．possible
127．A．resolution B．opportunity C．schedule D．session
128．A．permission B．record C．attitude D．faith
129．A．profitable B．valuable C．reliable D．reasonable
130．A．make up B．get down C．test out D．leave behind

One summer night in a seaside cottage, a small boy was in bed, sound asleep. Suddenly, he felt himself ____131____from bed and carried in his father’s arms on to the beach. Overhead was the clear starry sky. “Watch!” As his father spoke,____132____, one of the stars moved. It ____133____across the sky like a golden fire. And before the ____134____of this could fade, another star leapt from its place, then another...
“What is it?” the child asked in ____135____.
“Shooting stars. They____136____every year on a certain night in August.”
That was all: just an ____137____encounter of something magic and beautiful. But, back in bed, the child stared into the dark, with mind full of the falling stars.
I was the____138____seven-year-old boy whose father believed that a new experience ____139____more for a small boy than an unbroken night’s sleep.
That night, my father opened a door for his child, leading him into an area of splendid____140____.Children are naturally curious, but they need someone to____141____them. This art of adding new dimensions to a child’s world doesn’t ____142____require a great deal of time. It simply____143____doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them. Good parents know this: The most precious gift they can give a child is to spark their flame of ____144____That night is still deeply____145____in my memory. Next year, when August comes with its shooting stars, my son will be seven.
131．A．hidden B．robbed C．lifted D．kicked
132．A．incredibly B．accidentally C．apparently D．actually
133．A．exploded B．circled C．spread D．flashed
134．A．success B．wonder C．exhibition D．discovery
135．A．amazement B．horror C．relief D．delight
136．A．blow up B．turn up C．show off D．give out
137．A．uncomfortable B．unbearable C．undetected D．unexpected
138．A．curious B．determined C．fortunate D．chosen
139．A．worked B．mattered C．deserved D．proved
140．A．newness B．emptiness C．freedom D．innovation
141．A．protect B．challenge C．guide D．believe
142．A．absolutely B．basically C．possibly D．necessarily
143．A．involves B．risks C．admits D．resists
144．A．hope B．curiosity C．faith D．wisdom
145．A．trapped B．set C．lost D．rooted

Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to par ii pate in an exchange study program. In my application letter, I was careful to ___146___how much I wanted to see France; evidently, my excitement really came through in my words. Once I___147___that I was going, all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and ___148___friends. While traveling was inspiring and meeting people was exciting, nothing about my term in France was what I___149___.
The moment I arrived in Paris, I was ___150___by a nice French couple who would become my host parents. My entire experience was joyous and exciting ___151___I received some shocking news from my program coordinator (协调人): there had been a death in my host parents’ extended family. They had to travel outside France for several weeks. That afternoon, I had to___152___out of one family’s house and into another. The exchange coordinator told me I’d have a roommate this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker. To avoid the temptation (诱惑) to___153___my native language, I asked not to be placed with an English-speaking roommate. When I got to my new room, I ___154___myself to my new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian (巴西人) the same age as I, who I was surprised to find playing one of my favourite CD! In just a few hours, we knew we’d be good friends for the rest of the____155____.
I left France with many ____156____so when people ask me what my favorite part of the trip was, they are always ____157____to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and the scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends ____158____France we enjoyed together. I love how people can seem so different, but end up being so ____159____. The most valuable lesson I gain from studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people but to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a continent away. I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign culture and gain meaningful ____160____.
146．A．discuss B．express C．announce D．argue
147．A．approved B．knew C．warned D．denied
148．A．stubborn B．anxious C．universal D．interesting
149．A．doubted B．liked C．expected D．feared
150．A．greeted B．witnessed C．sponsored D．supported
151．A．since B．when C．until D．while
152．A．walk B．travel C．move D．rush
153．A．learn B．speak C．master D．appreciate
154．A．added B．adapted C．devoted D．introduced
155．A．month B．week C．term D．vocation
156．A．stories B．suitcases C．presents D．dream
157．A．embarrassed B．disturbed C．surprised D．concerned
158．A．analyzing B．investigating C．describing D．exploring
159．A．similar B．independent C．generous D．distant
160．A．instruction B．date C．facts D．Friendships












参考答案：

1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．D

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了为什么一些绝妙的想法被忽视，并用相关的例子进行说明。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：五年后，在建造了一个大型旋转天线并研究了他能想到的所有可能性之后，他发表了他的非凡结论：一些静电来自银河系。A. conclusion结论；B. device设备；C. invention发明；D. paper论文。后文“some of the static was coming from the Milky Way(一些静电来自银河系)”是他得出的结论。故选A。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jansky的理论引人注目，足以发表在《纽约时报》上，但科学家们却不为所动。A. unreliable不可靠的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. unimpressed不感兴趣的；D. unsatisfactory不令人满意的。根据后文“Radio signals from outer space? Surely they were too weak to detect.(来自外太空的无线电信号？他们肯定太弱了，无法察觉)”可知，科学家们不为所动。故选C。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了。A. criticized批评；B. kept保持；C. ignored忽视；D. inspected检查。根据后文“He died at the age of 44. Thankfully, he lived long enough to see his ideas blossom into field of radio astronomy.(他在44岁时去世。谢天谢地，他活得足够长，看到他的想法在射电天文学领域开花结果)”可知，扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了，死后想法在射电天文学领域开花结果。故选C。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的故事引起了我们的共鸣：我们都喜欢这位研究人员的想法，他远远领先于他们的时代，以至于世界上的其他人需要几年的时间才能赶上。A. mission任务；B. goal目标；C. schedule计划表；D. time时代。根据上文“we all like the idea of the researcher who is so far ahead of their”可知，为短语ahead of time表示“领先时代，提前”。故选D。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：扬斯基和孟德尔的故事给那些认为世界还没有完全了解他们的才华的人带来了一些希望。A. caught up with赶上；B. had a good command of掌握；C. made good use of充分利用；D. taken advantage of占便宜，利用。根据上文“The stories of Jansky and Mendel”可知，扬斯基和孟德尔的才华在当时被世界所忽视，所以这里指给那些认为世界还没有完全了解他们的才华的人带来了一些希望。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱顿大学的Anthony van Raan甚至为这类案例创造了一个名字：“睡美人”。这些科学论文在得到广泛关注之前，多年来几乎没有人引用。A. attention关注；B. platform平台；C. space空间；D. vision幻想。根据后文“Some scholars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recognition”.(一些学者认为这个词是性别歧视，更喜欢“延迟识别”)”可知，这些科学论文一开始没有人得到广泛关注，故选A。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基和孟德尔在某种程度上脱离了科学主流。A. data数据；B. kingdom王国；C. mainstream主流；D. proof证据。根据上文“One view is that brilliant ideas are overlooked when delivered by obscure messengers.(一种观点认为，杰出的想法被默默无闻的信使所忽视)”可知，此处指扬斯基和孟德尔在某种程度上脱离了科学主流。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1970年，社会学家斯蒂芬·科尔发表了一篇分析文章，认为障碍往往在于这个想法本身的内容，而不是背后科学家的声望。A. content内容；B. origin起源；C. popularity受欢迎；D. presence存在。根据后文“of the idea itself, rather than the prestige of the scientist behind it”可知，斯蒂芬·科尔发表了一篇分析文章，认为障碍往往在于这个想法本身的内容，而不是背后科学家的声望。故选A。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该领域的两位学者尤金·加菲尔德和沃尔夫冈·格兰泽尔认为，这种延迟识别的例子非常罕见，以至于很难分析。A. examples例子；B. letters信；C. reports报告；D. supporters支持者。根据后文“There are plenty of examples of research that is barely cited; what is rare is their subsequent popularity.(有很多研究的例子很少被引用；罕见的是它们后来的流行)”可知，此处指的是延迟识别的例子非常罕见，以至于很难分析。故选A。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们从2004年开始研究1980年发表的论文，寻找那些在五年内几乎没有被引用的文章，然后就中断了。A. broke off中断；B. paid off支付；C. switched off关闭；D. took off起飞。根据后文“There are plenty of examples of research that is barely cited; what is rare is their subsequent popularity.(有很多研究的例子很少被引用；罕见的是它们后来的流行)”可知，他们寻找那些在五年内几乎没有被引用的文章，然后就中断了。故选A。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，有一种解释是，我们都喜欢弱者战胜逆境的故事A. the authorities当局；B. the odds逆境；C. the opposite相反；D. the wrong错误。根据上文“Immediate and sustained success is as boring as immediate and sustained failure.(即时持续的成功和即时持续的失败一样无聊)”可知，我们都喜欢弱者战胜逆境的故事。故选B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个原因是科学家们自己喜欢认为他们的想法不被重视。A. underappreciated不受重视；B. underdeveloped发展不完全；C. underequipped装备不足；D. underperformed表现不佳。根据后文“In an essay on delayed recognition, Garfield notes mildly that one historian of science, Derek Price, believed one of his own papers was suffering delayed recognition.(在一篇关于延迟认可的文章中，加菲尔德温和地指出，科学历史学家德里克·普莱斯认为他自己的一篇论文受到了延迟认可)”可知，另一个原因是科学家们自己喜欢认为他们的想法不被重视。故选A。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更常见的是，人们只是在晚年才达到巅峰。A. challenging调整性的；B. common普通的；C. complicated复杂的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文“there are many examples of “old masters” whose later works are more admired than their youthful ones(但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏)”可知，更常见的是，人们只是在晚年才达到巅峰。故选B。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：盖伦森发现，作为一个激进的年轻观念艺术家，虽然很有可能取得突破，但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏。A. break through突破；B. get through度过；C. make ends meet收支平衡；D. make sense有意义。根据后文“as a radical young conceptual artist”以及while引导让步状语从句，可知，作为一个激进的年轻观念艺术家，虽然很有可能取得突破，但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏。故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：好事不会降临那些等待的人身上，如果他们只会等待的话。A. complaining投诉；B. socializing社交；C. thinking思考；D. waiting等待。根据上文“Good things do not come to those who wait”可知，好事不会降临那些等待的人身上，如果他们只会等待的话。故选D。

16．D 17．B 18．B 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．B 30．A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是AI的发展在改变我们生活的同时也让我们很担忧，但是我们还是要继续前进，因为解决今天技术造成的问题的唯一办法就是明天的技术。
16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们甚至不能就人类的智力是什么达成一致，这个话题不可避免地从科学转向哲学。A. tell apart分辨；B. disapprove of不赞成；C. glance at看一眼；D. agree on达成一致。根据上文“we’re not sure what artificial intelligence (AI) is”可知，句子表示“我们甚至不能就人类的智力是什么达成一致”。故选D。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既不是科学家也不是哲学家，但我在人类和机器认知的前沿都有几十年的个人经验，所以我更喜欢关注实际。A. theoretical理论的；B. practical实际的；C. physical物理的；D. mental精神的。根据下文“AI will be the greatest technological advance since the Internet turned the world into a living stream of data”可知，作者更关注实际情况。故选B。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它最终将比互联网更具变革性，以可见或不可见的方式改变我们生活的方方面面。A. specialized专业的；B. transformative有改革能力的；C. predictable可预测的；D. irrelevant不相关的。根据下文“changing every part of our lives”可知，AI比互联网更具变革性。故选B。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这已经发生了。A. happening发生；B. misleading误导；C. worsening恶化；D. changing改变。根据上文“changing every part of our lives”和现实情况可知，AI已经正在改变我们的生活，因此空格处用“发生”。故选A。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从医疗诊断到投资银行业务，从招聘员工到教育我们的孩子，这些日益强大的系统正在改变世界。A. intense严肃紧张的；B. annoying令人恼火的；C. capable能干的；D. simple简单的。根据上文“From medical diagnosis to investment banking, from hiring staff to educating our children”可知，医疗诊断，投资银行业务，招聘员工和教育孩子，这些系统都是很能干的。故选C。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你觉得这是可怕的还是美妙的，这都很重要，因为公众舆论推动着教育、投资和监管，使结果成为一种自我实现的承诺。A. health健康；B. image图像；C. service服务；D. opinion看法。根据上文“you find this terrifying or wonderful”可知，此处说的是大众对AI的看法。故选D。
22．考查固定短语辨析。句意：也就是说，如果人们发现智能机器的快速发展是可怕的，而不是美妙的，它不会阻止它，但它可能会使结果变得更糟。A. In short简而言之；B. What’s more此外；C. That is也就是说；D. As a result结果。根据上文“public ___6___ drives education, investment, and regulation, making the outcome a type of self-fulfilling promise”和下文“if people find the rapid advance of intelligent machines terrifying instead of wonderful, it won’t stop it”可知，空后是在解释前面这句话，因此空格处是“也就是说”。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于毫无理由的恐惧而放慢我们的进展，我们就会拖延下一波产生更广泛利益所需的突破，从而延长痛苦阶段。A. fear害怕；B. deed行为；C. manner态度，举止；D. passion热情。根据上文“if people find the rapid advance of intelligent machines terrifying instead of wonderful”可知，句子表示“由于毫无理由的恐惧而放慢我们的进展，我们就会拖延下一波产生更广泛利益所需的突破，从而延长痛苦阶段”，空格处意为“害怕”。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于智能机器，尤其是自主机器的增长，存在着切实而紧迫的担忧。A. rumors谣言；B. remarks言论；C. mysteries奥秘；D. concerns担心，忧虑。根据下文“Rising inequality if automation hits lower-income people harder, personal data being used improperly by companies”可知，此处指的是人们有担忧。故选D。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果自动化对低收入人群的冲击更大，不平等加剧，个人数据被公司不当使用……这些问题都不会对生存构成威胁——好莱坞的杀手机器人，或者认为没有理由让人类留在身边的超级智能人工智能。A. take humans in接纳人类；B. keep humans around让人类留在身边；C. give humans up放弃人类；D. put humans away把人类关起来。根据上文“the killer robots of Hollywood”和下文“It’s as if everyone were curious about how we might all one day be killed by robots”可知，此处表示“认为没有理由让人类留在身边的超级智能人工智能”。故选B。
26．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：作为Foundation for Responsible Robotics的执行委员会成员和Avast Software的安全大使，我对这些人工智能增强的机器可能给我们带来的真正威胁太熟悉了。A. familiar with熟悉；B. ignorant of对……无知；C. superior to优于；D. unhappy about不高兴。根据下文“After all, we live with nuclear power that could literally destroy the planet, and we certainly want it to be monitored”可知，作者对这些人工智能增强的机器可能给我们带来的真正威胁太熟悉了。故选A。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴像斯蒂芬·霍金和埃隆·马斯克这样的伟大思想家表达了他们的担忧，像尼克·博斯特罗姆这样的顶级人工智能专家正在规划最坏的可能性。A. newest最新的；B. best最好的；C. oldest最旧的；D. worst最坏的。根据上文“the real threats we may be faced with due to these AI-enhanced machines”可知，此处指的是“人工智能专家正在规划最坏的可能性”。故选D。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，我们生活在可以摧毁地球的核能中，我们当然希望它得到负责任的监控和使用。A. occasionally偶尔；B. responsibly认真负责地；C. immediately立刻；D. genuinely真诚地。根据上文“the real threats we may be faced with due to these AI-enhanced machines”可知，人工智能增强的机器对我们有威胁，所以希望它得到负责任的监控和使用。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：道德很重要，所以创造更好的人类永远比创造更智能的机器更重要。A. Technology技术；B. Morality道德；C. Intelligence智力；D. Automation自动化。根据上文“AI is capable of being used for good or evil.”和下文“making better humans will always be more important than making smarter machines”可知，因为AI可能对人类不好，所以在创造智能机器时道德很重要，所以创造更好的人类永远比创造更智能的机器更重要。故选B。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最重要的是，我们必须不断前进，因为解决今天技术造成的问题的唯一办法就是明天的技术。A. moving forward朝前方前进；B. looking upon看待；C. calming down平静下来；D. running away跑开。根据下文“because the only solution for the problems caused by today’s technology is tomorrow’s”可知，我们必须不断前进，因为解决今天技术造成的问题的唯一办法就是明天的技术。故选A。

31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的丈夫送给了作者一个意想不到的圣诞节礼物——锥尾鹦鹉，在作者失去小鸟后，一个女孩给了她一个真诚的拥抱，这让作者很感动。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：起初，她喜欢咬人，但很快她就变成了最可爱的小动物，每天都容光焕发。A. brightened up点亮；变得明亮起来；打起精神来；B. flew away飞走；C. dropped by顺便拜访；D. got up起床，起身。根据空前的“She liked biting at first, but she quickly became the sweetest little creature”以及下文中的“I was looking forward to every morning to seeing her.”可知，小鸟很快成为最甜美的小动物，每天都“精神焕发”，作者每天清晨想见到她。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前，我从来没有想过自己会拥有一只小鸟，但现在，她把她自己紧紧地包裹在我的心上。A. set设置；B. imagined想象；C. enjoyed欣赏；D. kept保持，继续。根据上文“a gift that, at the time, seemed odd”可知以前，作者从没想过自己会拥有一只鸟。故选B项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前，我从来没有想过自己会拥有一只小鸟，但现在，她把她自己紧紧地包裹在我的心上。A. covered 覆盖，报道；B. showed展示；C. wrapped包裹；D. gathered聚集。根据上文“I was looking forward to every morning to seeing her. ”可知，现在她已经把她小小的自己牢牢地包裹在作者的心上了。故选C项。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，三天前，她似乎不太像她自己。A. Generally一般，通常；B. Particularly特别地；C. Ridiculously荒谬地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“three days ago, she seemed not quite herself”可知，小鸟生病了，应该是“不幸的是”符合语境。故选D项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她挣扎着要飞。A. learning学习；B. struggling挣扎；C. managing管理；D. expecting期望。根据上文“she seemed not quite herself”可知，小鸟好像与以前不一样了，她“挣扎着”要飞起来。故选B项。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，我带她去看兽医，她的病比我想象的严重得多。A. ill生病的，坏的；B. cheerful高兴的；C. active活跃的；D. willing愿意的。根据上文中的“I brought her to the vet(兽医)”可知，小鸟应该是“病了”，而且很严重。故选A项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：命悬一线，但她熬过了一晚上。A. left离开；B. hid隐藏；C. made制造，使让；D. lived居住，生活。根据上文中的“It was touch and go”可知，情况紧急，空前的but可知，此处与上文为转折关系，所以此处指的是“熬过”了一夜。make it through固定搭配，意为“挺过来”，故选C项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但就在她快要脱离危险的时候，我们突然失去了她。A. missed思念，错过；B. lost丢失；C. sold售卖；D. trained训练。根据上文中的“But when it was starting to look like she was almost out of the woods”以及下文中的suddenly可知，此处指的是在她快要脱离危险的时候，突然我们“失去”了，即小鸟死了。故选B项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一路哭着去看兽医，把她的小身体取回来。A. feed喂养；B. attend参加，出席；C. raise提高，饲养；D. collect收集，领取。结合语境和生活常识可知，在小鸟去世之后，作者应是去“取”她的尸体。故选D项。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走进诊所的时候，他们把我的小鹦鹉带了出来，把她放在我之前带她来这里的笼子里。A. brought带来；B. bought买；C. threw扔，投；D. fought战斗，打仗。结合语境可知，此处应指的是把她放进我“带她来”的笼子里。故选A项。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一边结账，一边擦去脸颊上的眼泪。A. spots斑点；B. colours颜色；C. tears眼泪；D. signs符号，标志。根据上文“I cried all the way to the vet to ____9____ her little body.”可知，鹦鹉去世后，作者一路哭着来到兽医这，所以此处指擦去脸颊上的泪水。故选C项。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我转身要离开时，我惊讶地看到一个女孩站在我的面前。A. upset不安的；B. frightened害怕的；C. nervous紧张的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文中的“When I turned around to leave”以及下文中的“see a girl standing in front of me”以及语境可知，作者转身发现一个小女孩站在她面前，应是“惊讶的”符合语境。故选D项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她看着我的眼睛，带着真诚的同情，问我是否需要一个拥抱。A. apology道歉；B. sympathy同情；C. welcome欢迎；D. passion激情。根据下文中的“and asked me if I wanted a hug.”可知，小女孩的看作者的眼神，应该是带着“同情”问作者是否需要一个拥抱。故选B项。
44．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我在她的肩膀上崩溃了，因为那正是我需要的。A. broke down累垮，出故障；B. caught on流行起来；C. spoke out说出；D. woke up唤醒。根据语境可知，作者有了依靠，在女孩的肩膀上崩溃了。故选A项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在她的肩膀上崩溃了，因为那正是我需要的。A. believed相信；B. recognized识别；C. needed需要；D. doubted怀疑。结合语境以及上文中的“I ____14____ on her shoulder”可知，失去小鸟的作者很是伤心，小女孩的题意正是作者“需要”的，所以在她的肩膀上，作者崩溃了。故选C项。

46．D 47．B 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．A 56．C 57．B 58．D 59．C 60．B 61．A 62．D 63．B 64．C 65．A

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者和一位女代表的交谈中，被提醒有过度道歉的情况。女代表的话让作者第一次意识到自己的问题，所以惊讶到无言以对，也让作者明白了：拒绝道歉和过度道歉是很大的错误，所以要适当地使用道歉。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，道歉是很难的。A. essential必不可少的；B. impossible不可能的；C. reasonable合情理的；D. difficult困难的。根据前文“A suitable apology can be a wonderful thing, so long as it is from the heart.”以及本句“However”可知，前后为转折关系。发自内心的道歉是美好的，但是道歉是很难的。故选D。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我在一个专业培训师会议上担任客座演讲者。A. editor编辑；B. speaker演讲者；C. worker工作人员；D. member成员。根据下文“as I 　　4　　 my speech”可知，我是演讲者。故选B。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我准备得很充分，对这个话题也很了解，演讲时我很自信。A. dressed穿着……衣服的；B. prepared准备好的；C. known已知的；D. equipped准备好的。根据本句“knowledgeable about the topic, and I felt confident”可知，我准备充分。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我准备得很充分，对这个话题也很了解，演讲时我很自信。A. formed形成；B. recalled回想起；C. delivered发表（演讲）；D. appreciated欣赏。根据空后宾语“my speech”可知，为固定搭配deliver a speech“发表演讲”。故选C。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来，一位经验丰富的女代表走近我。A. blamed责怪；B. praised表扬；C. discovered发现；D. approached走近。根据下文“We exchanged a few greetings”可知，我们互相打招呼，所以她走近我。故选D。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“你知道从你走上麦克风的那一刻起，直到你离开舞台，你道歉了多少次吗？”A. interrupted插嘴；B. apologized道歉；C. stopped停止；D. coughed咳嗽。根据后文“It was the first time someone had ever made me 　　9　　 my “sorry habit.””可知，女代表问我是否知道自己道歉了多少次。故选B。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她说：“你知道从你走向麦克风的那一刻起，直到你离开舞台，你道歉了多少次吗？”A. caught on变得流行；B. brought out出版；C. stepped on走上；D. broke down垮掉。根据本句“from the moment”以及“until the moment you left the stage”可知，此处是从上台到下台。故选C。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无言以对。A. speechless无言以对的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. confused困惑的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前文““Nine times,” she said. “And all of them were unnecessary.””以及后文““It was the first time someone had ever made me 　　9　　 my “sorry habit.””可知，女代表的话让我第一次意识到我的问题，所以惊讶到无言以对。故选A。
54．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：这是第一次有人让我意识到我的“道歉习惯”。A. ready for为……做准备；B. nervous about对……紧张；C. careful about小心；D. aware of意识到。根据前文““Nine times,” she said. “And all of them were unnecessary.””可知，女代表的话让我第一次意识到我的问题。故选D。
55．考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我回答的第一个字是什么？A. in reply作为答复；B. in vain徒劳地；C. in return作为回报；D. in place适当的；根据下文“Sorry!”可知，这是针对问句的回答。故选A。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，道歉不应该用这种方式。A. ignored忽略；B. mentioned提及；C. used使用；D. accepted接受；根据“she said. “And all of them were unnecessary.””可知，我使用的道歉方式是不对的。故选C。
57．考查动名词词词义辨析。句意：我知道不道歉是一个很大的错误，因为我们犯了一个错误或冤枉了别人。A. regretting后悔；B. failing未能做；C. pretending假装；D. promising承诺。根据本句“as we’ve made a mistake”以及空后“is a big mistake”可知，我们犯了错应该道歉，所以不道歉是错误的。故选B。
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，我们需要明白真正的道歉或全心全意地说“对不起”是至关重要的。A. ridiculous荒谬的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. accessible可达到的；D. crucial至关重要的。根据下文“there’s no alternative for it”可知，道歉不可代替，所以真正的道歉是至关重要的。故选D。
59．考查名词词词义辨析。句意：这就像在关系账户里存了一大笔钱，而且没有其他选择。A. sale销售；B. income收入；C. deposit存款；D. loss损失。根据空后“a relationship account”可知，本句使用了比喻，在关系账户里存上道歉存款。故选C。
60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，有虚假的道歉，这是搪塞的工具。A. private私人的；B. false虚假的；C. inadequate不充分的；D. illegal违法的。根据本句中的定语从句“which are tools of dodges (搪塞)”可知，搪塞工具应是不真诚的虚假道歉。故选B。
61．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，习惯性的道歉是一种不必要的自动反应，就像我在会议上所做的那样。A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Instead代替。根据前文“Actually, there are 　　15　　 apologies, which are tools of dodges (搪塞) . They are awful and we should stop them.”可知，虚假的道歉，我们应阻止。此外，习惯性道歉也是不必要的。故选A。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，过度道歉往往发生在你对自己的地位缺乏信心的时候，这会让别人误解你，甚至不开心。A. expects期待；B. continues继续；C. deserves值得；D. tends往往会。根据“when there’s a lack of 　　18　　 in your position”可知，当你缺乏自信的时候，过度道歉就往往会发生。故选D。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，过度道歉往往发生在你对自己的地位缺乏信心的时候，这会让别人误解你，甚至不开心。A. motivation动机；B. confidence信心；C. energy精力；D. experience经历。根据前文“over apologizing　　17　　 to happen”可知，当缺乏信心时，道歉发生。故选B。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，过度道歉往往发生在你对自己的地位缺乏信心的时候，这会让别人误解你，甚至不开心。A. embarrass使尴尬；B. challenge挑战；C. misunderstand误解；D. tolerate容忍。根据本句“over apologizing 　　17　　 to happen when there’s a lack of 　18　　　 in your position”可知，缺乏信心导致的道歉会让别人误解你。故选C。
65．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们需要适当地使用道歉，我们的态度必须真诚。A. suitably适当地；B. normally正常地；C. directly直接地；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文“Refusing to apologize is a big mistake, and so is over apologizing.”可知，拒绝道歉和过度道歉是很大的错误，所以要适当地使用道歉。故选A。

66．A 67．C 68．B 69．C 70．D 71．D 72．A 73．A 74．C 75．B 76．A 77．C 78．B 79．D 80．C 81．C 82．B 83．D 84．D 85．C

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。人们说一个人的垃圾是另一个人的财富。作者的故事证明了这一点。文章讲述的是作者的父亲去世，把房子留给了作者和妹妹。作者认为他父亲留下的所有的东西，从破旧的家具到隐藏的宝藏，对他来说比世界上所有的钱都重要。
66．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我翻看父母1962年购买的房子时，我产生了这个想法。A. thought想法；B. goal目标；C. principle原则；D. coincidence巧合。根据“as I ____2____the house purchased in 1962 by my parents.”可知，作者看房子的时有这个想法的。故选A。
67．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我翻看父母1962年购买的房子时，我产生了这个想法。A. looked for寻找；B. looked into调查；C. looked through浏览；D. looked after照顾。根据“the house purchased in 1962 by my parents.”可知，作者浏览1962年由我父母购买的房子。故选C。
68．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我父亲几个月前去世时，把房子留给了我妹妹和我。A. with带有；B. to到；C. for为了；D. by依靠。我leave sth. to sb.把某物留给某人。根据“when he died a few months ago.”可知，父亲把房子留给了妹妹和作者。故选B。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸走后，我们环顾了一下我们长大的空房子，爸爸非常爱它。A. retired退休的；B. ill病的；C. gone离去的，死的；D. injured受伤的。根据“when he died a few months ago.”可知，作者父亲去世了。故选C。
70．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸走后，我们环顾了一下我们长大的空房子，爸爸非常爱它。A. clean干净的；B. strange奇怪的；C. modern现代的；D. empty空的。根据“After Dad was ___4___,”可知，父亲去世之后，房子是空荡荡的。故选D。
71．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们对剩下的所有东西感到非常惊讶。A. pleased感到高兴的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. disappointed感到失望的；D. astonished感到吃惊的。根据“all the stuff left.”可知，对剩下的东西感到非常惊讶。故选D。
72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和他们那一代的许多人一样，我的父母把一切都存起来了。A. saved挽救，保存；B. enjoyed喜爱；C. purchased购置；D. designed设计。根据“Like so many of their generation,”可知，作者的父母保存了一切。故选A。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：和我们这一代的许多人一样，我们面临着放弃什么、保留什么的焦虑决定。A. decisions决定；B. bargains交易；C. challenges挑战；D. responsibilities责任。根据“what to abandon and what to keep.”可知，我们面临着关于放弃什么和保留什么的焦虑决定。故选A。
74．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们开始扔掉旧电话簿和我父母看过的每个医生的医疗账单时，我也发现了许多隐藏的宝藏。A. person人；B. neighbor邻居；C. doctor医生；D. child孩子。根据“every medical bill”可知，作者父母保存着看过的每个医生的医疗账单。故选C。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们开始扔掉旧电话簿和我父母看过的每个医生的医疗账单时，我也发现了许多隐藏的宝藏。A. bought买；B. discovered发现；C. buried掩埋；D. lost失去。根据“many hidden treasures.”可知，作者发现了许多隐藏的宝藏。故选B。
76．考查副词词义辨析。句意：妈妈的钱包在他们卧室的壁橱里，里面什么都有，甚至连她的梳子都有头发，好像她还在这里。A. even甚至；B. just仅仅；C. only只是；D. yet已经。根据“her hairbrush with hair, as if she were still here.”可知，甚至妈妈梳头发的梳子还保存在壁橱里。故选A。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸是一名二战老兵，周游世界，他保存着一切——从世界各地的小勺子到他在军队里写给父母的每一封信。A. liked喜欢；B. bought买；C. kept保存；D. lost失去。根据“from little spoons from all over the world to every letter he wrote to his parents while in the 　　13　　.”可知，作者父亲把所有的东西都保存了下来。故选C。
78．考查名词词义辨析。句意：爸爸是一名二战老兵，周游世界，他保存着一切——从世界各地的小勺子到他在军队里写给父母的每一封信。A. school学校；B. army军队；C. college大学；D. countryside农村。根据“And Dad, who was a World War II veteran(退伍兵)and a world traveler,”可知，父亲保存着在军队时写给父母的信。故选B。
79．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在战争期间写的信描述了他年轻时的想法。A. receive收到；B. direct指导；C. sense感知；D. describe描述。根据“his thoughts as a young man.”可知，父亲在战争期间写的信描述了他年轻时的想法。故选D。
80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，在地下室，我看到了我们厨房的旧桌子，这让我想起了我父母、姐姐和我一起吃早餐的记忆。A. repaired修理；B. cleaned打扫；C. spotted发现；D. set设置。根据“our old kitchen table,”可知，作者发现了小时候使用过的旧餐桌。故选C。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，在地下室，我看到了我们厨房的旧桌子，这让我想起了我父母、姐姐和我一起吃早餐的记忆。A. descriptions描述；B. introductions介绍；C. memories记忆；D. communications交流。bring back memories of唤起……回忆，根据“my parents and sister and me having breakfast together.”可知，旧餐桌让作者想起了作者的父母、姐姐和作者一起吃早餐的情景。故选C。
82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到所有这些都代表了我父母的人生历程。A. recognize认识；B. represented代表；C. instructed指示；D. confirmed确认。根据“my parents’ life journey.”可知，所有这些东西代表了作者父母的人生旅程。故选B。
83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我回家，我都会找到一些让我想起童年的东西，或者教会我一些我从来不知道的关于我父母的事情。A. supermarket超级市场；B. church教堂；C. office办公室；D. house房子。根据“I find something that reminded me of my childhood or teaches me something about my parents I 　　19　　 knew.”可知，每次作者去那所房子，都会发现一些东西。故选D。
84．考查副词词义辨析。句意：每次我回家，我都会找到一些让我想起童年的东西，或者教会我一些我从来不知道的关于我父母的事情。A. merely仅仅，只不过；B. always总是；C. really真正地；D. never从来没有。根据“I find something that reminded me of my childhood or teaches me something about my parents”可知，这些东西教作者一些关于作者从不知道的父母。故选D。
85．考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：一切，从破旧的家具到所有隐藏的宝藏，对我来说比世界上所有的钱都重要。A. Anything任何事情；B. Nothing没有什么；C. Everything每件事情；D. Something某事。根据“from the shabby furniture to all the hidden treasures, means more to me than all the money in the world.”可知，所有的东西，从破旧的家具到所有隐藏的宝藏，对作者来说比世界上所有的钱都重要。故选C。

86．B 87．A 88．C 89．B 90．D 91．A 92．A 93．D 94．D 95．D 96．A 97．B 98．C 99．C 100．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去炸鸡店的路上目睹了一起跑步比赛，看到参赛选手都努力完成比赛，作者受到了鼓舞，于是开始尽量不吃快餐，多做运动。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有年龄、身高和身材的跑步者都在为5公里跑做准备。A. forms表格；B. shapes体形；C. heights高度；D. names名字。根据后文“and sizes”可知，此处在描述跑步者的身材如何，故选B。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到在场的每个人看起来都很高兴和自豪，到处都是击掌，伴随着友好的鼓励和祝福。A. witnessed目击；B. appreciated感激；C. realized意识到；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“everyone looked glad”可知，作者看到在场的每个人看起来都很高兴。故选A。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道是什么引起了这样的热情。A. knew知道；B. accepted接受；C. wondered想知道；D. doubted怀疑。根据后文“what caused such enthusiasm”指作者想知道人们热情的原因。故选C。
89．考查固定短语辨析。句意：除了跑向一辆冰淇淋车之外，为了任何原因而跑的想法从来没有吸引过我。A. or rather倒不如说；B. other than除了；C. more than超过；D. rather than而不是。根据后文“running towards an ice-cream truck had never been appealing to me”可知，此处指除了跑向一辆冰淇淋车之外，为了任何原因而跑的想法从来没有吸引过作者，other than表示“除了……没有”。故选B。
90．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当跑步者们在起跑线上就位时，我听到看台上传来了热烈的欢呼声。A. imaginable可想象的；B. colorful多彩的；C. admirable令人钦佩的；D. powerful强大的。根据后文“cheers from the bleachers”可知，人们在给运动员加油，传来热烈的欢呼声。故选D。
91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：裁判员示意起跑，所有的跑步者都向前冲去。A. signaled示意；B. waved挥动；C. shouted叫喊；D. asked询问。根据后文“for the start and all the runners rushed forward”指裁判员示意起跑，所有的跑步者都向前冲去。故选A。
92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一开始跑得很轻松，但跑到一半的时候，一些跑步者看起来很累，其中一个女孩显得特别疲惫。A. ease容易；B. caution谨慎；C. curiosity好奇心；D. purpose目的。根据后文“initially, but halfway, some runners looked tired”可知but表示转折，说明一开始跑得很轻松，但跑到一半的时候，一些跑步者看起来很累，故选A。
93．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们一开始跑得很轻松，但跑到一半的时候，一些跑步者看起来很累，其中一个女孩显得特别疲惫。A. occasionally偶尔；B. probably可能；C. slightly稍微；D. particularly尤其。结合上文“some runners looked tired, and one girl appeared”可知，一些跑步者看起来很累，其中一个女孩显得特别疲惫。故选D。
94．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我猜她很快就会放弃的。A. turn down减小；B. burst out爆发；C. take in理解；D. give up放弃。上文提到这个女孩特别累，所以作者猜测她很快会放弃比赛。故选D。
95．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到这些话，蒂芙尼对那个人短暂地笑了笑，然后继续跑步。A. bitter苦的；B. regretful后悔的；C. shameful羞愧的；D. brief简短的。根据后文“smile to the man and continued running”可知，女孩对那个给她加油的人短暂地笑了笑，又继续跑。故选D。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，其他一些慢下来的跑步者也受到了看台上人们的欢呼。A. cheers欢呼；B. gifts礼物；C. congratulations恭喜；D. sighs叹息。呼应上文“cheers from the bleachers”指跑步者也受到了看台上人们的欢呼。故选A。
97．考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然她不是获胜者，但她很高兴跑完全程。A. Sadly悲哀地；B. Obviously显然；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Amazingly惊人地。根据后文“she wasn’t the winner”可知，显然蒂芙尼不是获胜者。故选B。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她高兴地在空中举起双臂。A. head头；B. fingers手指；C. arms手臂；D. legs腿。根据后文“in the air happily”以及常识，完成了比赛所以是双臂在空中挥动，故选C。
99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他一些选手陆续到达，他们互相祝贺。A. dragged拖；B. comforted安慰；C. congratulated祝贺；D. greeted问候。根据上文“Some other runners arrived one by one”可知，选手都到达了终点，互相祝贺。故选C。
100．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我变得更健康，更自信。A. skeptical怀疑的；B. confident自信的；C. careful仔细的；D. conservative保守的。根据上文“Now I become healthier and more”可知，作者有了积极的变化，变得更健康，更自信。故选B。

101．C 102．B 103．A 104．D 105．B 106．A 107．C 108．B 109．D 110．A 111．C 112．A 113．B 114．D 115．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的狗Luna患了退行性脊髓病，在患病的过程中，她生活艰难，作者给予了她帮助和呵护。她也让作者学到了坚韧和信任。
101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怀疑她可能有问题。A. concluded断定；B. recognized认出；C. suspected怀疑；D. advised建议。根据下文“she might have a problem”可知，作者是在怀疑猜测。故选C项。
102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，我注意到她开始拖着两条后腿走路，我就知道出事了。A. bite咬；B. drag在地上拖着移动；C. break打破；D. lose失去。根据前文“Recently I found my dog Luna occasionally drag her right back foot.”可知，Luna偶尔拖着一只后脚走路，几天以后，她开始拖着两只后脚走路。故选B项。
103．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，我注意到她开始拖着两条后腿走路，我就知道出事了。A. wrong不正常；B. new新的；C. strange奇怪的；D. certain肯定的。根据前文“Several days later, I noticed she was starting to 2  her two back feet”和后文“I took her to the animal hospital”可知，作者知道有点不对劲。故选A项。
104．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我带她去了动物医院，被告知她得了退行性脊髓病，一种相对罕见的疾病。A. simply仅仅；B. sincerely真诚地；C. barely几乎不；D. relatively相对地。根据前文“I took her to the animal hospital, and was told that she has degenerative myelopathy (退行性脊髓病),”可知，Luna得了退行性脊髓病，这是一种相对罕见的疾病。故选D项。
105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：狗从最初出现症状开始通常能存活6个月到3年。A. wait等待；B. survive存活；C. suffer受苦；D. affect影响。根据后文“six months to three years from when they first start showing symptoms”可知，此处表达“从最初出现症状开始通常能存活6个月到3年”之意。故选B项。
106．考查名词词义辨析。句意：得病后，她的生活变得越来越艰难。A. life生活；B. attitude态度；C. appetite食欲；D. future未来。根据下文“She struggled with walking upstairs, and we often had to__7___ her to lift her back feet. She could not get into my___8___ for rides without our help.”可知，自从Luna得了这个病，她的生活变得越来越艰难。故选A项。
107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她上楼时步履蹒跚，我们常常不得不帮她抬起后脚。A. argue争论；B. force迫使；C. help帮助；D. ask询问。根据上文“She struggled with walking upstairs”可知，如果狗想上楼梯，我们就得帮助她抬起后腿。故选C项。
108．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有我们的帮助，她上不了我的车。A. room房间；B. car汽车；C. train火车；D. box盒子。根据前文的“could not get into my”后文的“for rides”可知，汽车符合题意，可以用ride。故选B项。
109．考查名词词义辨析。句意：可以提供护理以减轻她的痛苦。A. mind头脑；B. burden负担；C. stress压力；D. pain痛苦。根据前文“I took her to the animal hospital, and was told that she has degenerative myelopathy(退行性脊髓病)”可知，Luna得了退行性脊髓病，所以她应该是在忍受病痛的折磨，所以“我”给予她关爱来减轻她的痛苦。故选D项。
110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：运动对保持体重和肌肉质量很有好处，但运动也会造成伤害。A. cause造成；B. avoid避免；C. follow跟随；D. treat治疗。根据前文“Exercise is great to maintain weight and muscle mass”可知，此处是在讲述锻炼的好处，所以but后应是锻炼的坏处，所以空处应是“造成伤害”之意。故选A项。
111．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们讨论过当她失去双腿时给她装轮子的可能性。A. hand手；B. eyes眼睛；C. legs腿；D. ears耳朵。根据上文“Recently I found my dog Luna occasionally drag her right back foot.”可知，Luna的腿出了问题，所以此处应是失去双腿。故选C项。
112．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们知道与她告别的时刻会比我们希望的来得早。A. goodbye再见；B. no没有；C. hello你好；D. sorry抱歉。根据上文“Dogs usually___5___ six months to three years from when they first start showing symptoms.”可知，Luna活不了太长时间了，所以与Luna道别的时间可能提前到来。故选A项。
113．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们会感谢她在这段旅程中给我们上的课。A. pleased高兴；B. thankful感激的；C. regretful后悔的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据下文“for the lessons she has taught us along this journey”可知Luna教会了我们一些东西，因此应该是对Luna有感激之情。故选B项。
114．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们从露娜与疾病抗争的过程中学到了很多。A. escapes from逃离；B. dies of死于；C. suffers from遭受；D. fights against对抗。根据下文“She knows things are not right with her, but she is determined to walk and do the things she enjoys if we provide her with the tools to make it easier.”可知，Luna一直在与疾病作斗争。故选D项。
115．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们学会了信任，就像露娜相信我做对她最好的事一样。A. wisdom智慧；B. honesty诚实；C. trust相信；D. fun乐趣。根据下文“as Luna trusts me to do what is best for her”可知，Luna相信“我”。所以“我”从她身上学到了要相信别人。故选C项。

116．A 117．C 118．D 119．A 120．B 121．D 122．A 123．B 124．C 125．A 126．B 127．A 128．D 129．B 130．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了Kamisi致力于用科学方法改善镰形细胞贫血病治疗方法的故事。
116．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人的愿望促使Kamisi利用科学来增强社区人们的健康。A. health健康；B. wealth财富；C. happiness幸福；D. confidence信心。根据下文的内容可知，卡米斯想利用科学改善贫血的治疗方法，即改善社区居民的健康。故选A。
117．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kamisi，17岁，旨在改善镰状细胞病的治疗。A. development发展；B. condition条件；C. treatment治疗；D. standard标准。根据“sickle cell disease”可知，此处是指改善该疾病的治疗。故选C。
118．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种疾病会导致红细胞镰刀状，使这些细胞很难将氧气输送到全身。A. accompanies陪同；B. allows允许；C. signals示意；D. causes造成。根据常识和“red blood cells to sickle”可知，镰状细胞贫血病会导致红细胞呈镰刀状。故选D。
119．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. carry携带；B. change改变；C. make制作；D. consume消费，消耗。根据常识和“oxygen throughout the body”可知，贫血病患者的红细胞变成镰刀形状后，无法在体内正常输送氧气。故选A。
120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：已知一种名为黄酮类化合物的天然化学物质可以减少这种镰刀状现象。A. relax放松；B. reduce减少；C. assist协助；D. worsen恶化。根据“Natural chemicals called flavonoids”推知，这种天然药物能减少红细胞变成镰刀状的风险。故选B。
121．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过改变化学结构，她能够增强它们的抗病能力。A. directions方向；B. features特点；C. aspects方面；D. powers能力。根据上文“Natural chemicals called flavonoids (类黄酮) were known to 5   this sickling.”和下文“the powers of her chemicals over longer periods of time”可知，通过改变类黄酮的化学结构，它的药效会得到很大的提升。故选D。
122．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的家人是尼日利亚人，这种疾病主要侵袭西非血统的人。A. affects影响，侵袭；B. favors赞同，有利于；C. touches触摸，感动；D. attracts吸引。根据下文“and they were talking about a friend who was 　　8　　battling this disease. And her mother was telling her about the people who had it.”推知，这种病主要侵袭有西非血统的人。故选A。
123．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她和母亲散步，他们正在谈论一位正在与这种疾病作斗争的朋友。A. regularly经常，有规律地；B. currently目前地；C. suddenly突然地；D. slowly缓慢地。根据上文“they were talking about a friend”和下文“battling this disease”可知，Kamisi的母亲提起一个正患镰形细胞贫血病的朋友。故选B。
124．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很担心他们。A. disappointed失望的；B. excited兴奋的；C. concerned担心的，关心的；D. frightened害怕的，恐惧的。根据下文“that it was time for her to study this disease.”推知，Kamisi非常担心那些患镰状细胞贫血病的人。故选C。
125．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当卡米西有机会在学校做研究时，这个年轻女孩立即决定是时候研究这种疾病了。A. decided决定；B. announced宣布；C. commented评论；D. responded回应，回答。根据下文“The hardest part was that she had no　　11　　 experience with science projects like this.”可知，Kamisi决定研究这种疾病。故选A。
126．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最困难的是，她以前没有这样的科学项目的经验。A. latest最新的；B. previous从前的；C. precious珍贵的；D. possible可能的。根据“The hardest part”推知，最难的部分是Kamisi以前没有这样的科学项目的经验。故选B。
127．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kamisi说：“我认为最重要的是要相信我有能力做很多事情。我必须相信我的工作是有价值的。”A. resolution决心；B. opportunity机会；C. schedule安排，日程；D. session会议。根据“continue trying different things”可知，Kamisi对于自己的研究是有决心的。故选A。
128．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. permission允许，许可；B. record记录；C. attitude态度；D. faith信念，信任，相信。根据下文的“that I’m capable of doing many things”可知，Kamisi认为最重要的事情就是相信自己有做好许多事情的能力。故选D。
129．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同12小题。A. profitable有利可图的；B. valuable珍贵的；C. reliable可靠的；D. reasonable合理的。根据上文故事可知，Kamisi的研究是为了帮助那些患镰状细胞贫血的人，因此她提醒自己要相信自己的工作是有价值的。故选B。
130．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她希望能在更长的时间内测试出化学物质的威力。A. make up组成，编造；B. get down坐下，记下，写下；C. test out测试；D. leave behind抛下，把……抛在身后。根据上文“Now, Kamisi is also trying changing flavonoids from vegetables.”和下文“the powers of her chemicals over longer periods of time”可知，Kamisi希望能够试验从植物提取的天然类黄酮的功效。故选C。

131．C 132．A 133．D 134．B 135．A 136．B 137．D 138．C 139．B 140．A 141．C 142．D 143．A 144．B 145．D

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了我的父亲在我七岁时的一个晚上抱我到海滩看流星，激发了我的好奇心。进而提到好的父母都知道给孩子的最珍贵的礼物就是激发他们的好奇心。
131．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，他感到自己被从床上抱起来，被父亲抱到海滩上。A. hidden隐藏；B. robbed抢劫；C. lifted抬起；移开；移动；D. kicked踢。根据下文“and carried in his father’s arms on to the beach”可知，此处指他被父亲从床上抱起来，故选C。
132．考查副词词义辨析。句意：头顶上是晴朗的星空。“看！”当他的父亲说话时，令人难以置信的是，其中一颗星星动了。A. incredibly不可思议地；B. accidentally意外地；C. apparently明显地；D. actually事实上。根据上文“Watch!”及下文“one of the stars moved”可知，一颗星星在他父亲说话的时候开始移动，这让人觉得不可思议。故选A。
133．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它像一团金色的火焰划过天空。A. exploded爆炸；B. circled环绕；盘旋；C. spread传播；D. flashed飞速运动；掠过。根据下文“across the sky like a golden fire. And before the 　4　　of this could fade, another star leapt from its place, then another...”可知，此处指星星划过夜空，故选D。
134．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这奇迹消失之前，另一颗星星从原来的位置跃出，接着又一颗……。A. success成功； B. wonder奇迹； C. exhibition展览； D. discovery发现。根据上文“one of the stars moved.”及下文“another star leapt from its place, then another...”可知，一颗接着一颗星星不断的在天空中划过，这是一个奇迹。故选B。
135．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是什么？”孩子惊奇地问。A. amazement惊奇；惊愕；B. horror惊骇；C. relief安慰；减轻；D. delight高兴。根据上文“one of the stars moved.”及下文“another star leapt from its place, then another...”可知，星星一颗接着一颗从天空中划过的景象，对孩子来说是很惊讶的事。故选A。
136．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“流星。它们每年八月的某个晚上都会出现。”A. blow up爆发；爆炸；B. turn up出现；发生；C. show off炫耀；D. give out用光；耗尽。根据上文“one of the stars moved.”及下文“another star leapt from its place, then another...”可知，此处指每年八月的某个晚上流星都会出现。故选B。
137．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是一切：只是一种神奇而美丽的东西的意外相遇。但是，回到床上，孩子盯着黑暗，满脑子都是流星。A. uncomfortable不舒服的； B. unbearable难以忍受的； C. undetected未被发现的；未被觉察的； D. unexpected意外的；突如其来的。根据上文“Shooting stars”及下文“encounter of something magic and beautiful”可知，此处指男孩意外看到流星，故选D。
138．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我就是那个幸运的七岁男孩，我的父亲认为，对一个小男孩来说，新的经历比一夜的安稳睡眠更重要。A. curious好奇的；B. determined坚定的；坚决的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. chosen被选中的；根据前文讲述的男孩意外看到流星的事情可知，此处作者说自己就是那个幸运的男孩。故选C。
139．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. worked起效；B. mattered重要；C. deserved应得到；D. proved证明。根据上文“a new experience ”及下文“more for a small boy than an unbroken night’s sleep.”可知，此处指新的经历更重要。故选B。
140．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，父亲为他的孩子打开了一扇门，把他带进了一片崭新的天地。A. newness新奇；崭新；B. emptiness空虚；空旷；C. freedom自由；D. innovation创新；革新。根据前文“whose father believed that a new experience 9 more for a small boy than an unbroken night’s sleep”及下文“This art of adding new dimensions to a child’s world ”可知，我的父亲让我相信新的经历更重要，此处指父亲带我看到流星现象，让我了解到新事物。故选A。
141．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们天生好奇，但他们需要有人引导。A. protect保护；B. challenge挑战；C. guide引导；操纵；D. believe相信。根据前文“my father opened a door for his child, leading him into an area ”可知，此处指孩子要有人引导。故选C。
142．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种为孩子的世界增添新维度的艺术并不一定需要很多时间。A. absolutely绝对地；B. basically基本地；C. possibly可能地；D. necessarily必需地；根据下文“It simply　13　　doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them. ”可知，此处指给孩子的世界增添新维度的艺术并不一定需要很多时间。故选D。
143．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它只是需要更多地与孩子们一起做事情，而不是为他们或为他们做事情。A. involves包含；需要；B. risks冒险；C. admits承认；D. resists抵抗；抵制。根据上文“doesn’t 　　12　　require a great deal of time”下文“doing things more often with children”可知，为孩子的世界增添新维度需要父母和孩子们一起做事。故选A。
144．考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的父母知道这一点：他们能给孩子的最珍贵的礼物是激发他们的好奇心。A. hope希望；B. curiosity好奇心；C. faith信任；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“Children are naturally curious”可知，此处指好的父母知道激发孩子们的好奇心。故选B。
145．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个夜晚仍然深深地印在我的记忆里。A. trapped使……陷入困境；B. set设置；C. lost失去；D. rooted生根。根据下文“Next year, when August comes with its shooting stars, my son will be seven.”可知，我打算在明年的八月份的某个夜晚带自己的七岁的孩子看流星，可推知，父亲带我一起看流星的记忆植根于我的记忆，be rooted in固定搭配，意为“植根于”。故选D。

146．B 147．B 148．D 149．C 150．A 151．C 152．C 153．B 154．D 155．C 156．A 157．C 158．D 159．A 160．D

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者参加到交换生项目中来到了巴黎，刚到这里就被告知要更换寄宿家庭，却因此认识了一位巴西籍的好朋友，作者由此感悟到，要抱着尊重他人、开放包容的态度去面对这个世界。
146．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的申请信中，我很仔细地表达了我是多么想去法国；显然，我的兴奋真的表现在我的语言中。A. discuss讨论；B. express表达；C. announce宣布；D. argue争吵，辩论。根据上文“In my application letter”及下文“evidently, my excitement really came through in my words.”可知，此处是在申请信中表达了自己想去法国的心情。故选B。
147．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一知道我要去法国，我能想到的全都是出国旅行的快乐，还能结交各种新奇有趣的朋友。A. approved批准；B. knew知道；C. warned警告；D. denied否认。根据下文“The moment I arrived in Paris, I was 　　5　　by a nice French couple who would become my host parents.”可知，作者确实去了法国，此处指他得到通知，知道自己可以去法国了。故选B。
148．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一知道我可以去法国，我能想到的全都是出国旅行的快乐，还能结交各种新奇有趣的朋友。A. stubborn固执的；B. anxious不安的；C. universal普遍的；D. interesting有趣的。此处与new并列，指结交新的、有意思的朋友，符合异国旅行的特点。故选D。
149．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然旅行鼓舞人心，与人交往令人兴奋，但在法国的这段时间里，一切都与我的预期不符。A. doubted怀疑；B. liked喜欢；C. expected期待；D. feared害怕。此处while作表转折的连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，前文尽述作者对出国的期待，下句作转折要表示这个学期与作者期待的并不一样。故选C。
150．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚到巴黎时，一对将要成为我寄宿父母的法国夫妻就来迎接我。A. greeted迎接；B. witnessed目击；C. sponsored赞助；D. supported支持。根据上文“The moment I arrived in Paris”及下文“by a nice French couple who would become my host parents”可知，此处指寄宿家庭来迎接作者。故选A。
151．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我的整个经历是快乐和令人兴奋的，直到我从我的项目协调员那里得到了一个令人震惊的消息：我的寄宿父母的大家庭中有人去世了。A. since自从；B. when当……时；C. until直到；D. while虽然。分析前后句逻辑关系可知，这里要表达在后句的动作发生之前前句一直都是成立的，用until表示“直到”符合句意。故选C。
152．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，我不得不从一个家庭搬到另一个家庭。A. walk行走；B. travel旅行；C. move搬动；D. rush冲进。根据上文“They had to travel outside France for several weeks.”及下文“out of one family’s house and into another”可知，既然第一个寄宿家庭不能提供寄宿了，作者只能搬到另一个家庭里去。故选C。
153．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免讲母语的诱惑，我要求不要安排一个讲英语的室友。A. learn学习；B. speak讲（某种语言）；C. master掌握；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“I asked not to be placed with an English-speaking roommate.”可知，作者要求不安排讲英语的室友，是为了多一些锻炼外语的机会，也就是尽量避免讲母语。故选B。
154．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达我的新房间时，我向我的新室友保罗作了自我介绍，他是一个和我同龄的巴西人，我惊讶地发现他在放我最喜欢的一张CD！A. added增加；B. adapted适应；C. devoted奉献于；D. introduced介绍。根据下文“myself to my new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian (巴西人) the same age as I”及常识可知，新室友初次见面，肯定先要互相自我介绍。故选D。
155．考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅仅几个小时，我们就知道在剩下的学期里我们会成为好朋友。A. month月；B. week周；C. term学期；D. vocation职业。根据上文“Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to par ii pate in an exchange study program.”可知，作者以交换生的身份来到这里，结识的新朋友应该要持续到学期结束。故选C。
156．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着许多故事离开了法国，所以当人们问我这次旅行中最喜欢的部分是什么时，他们总是惊讶地听到我谈论我的巴西朋友保罗，以及我们一起在课堂上度过的工作日、在镇上度过的周末和探索法国的时光。A. stories故事；B. suitcases手提箱；C. presents礼物；D. dream梦想。根据下文“I love how people can seem so different, but end up being so 　　14　　. The most valuable lesson I gain from studying in France wasn’t just to respect the French people but to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a continent away.”可知，作者列举的一系列回忆中不难推断，作者在法国经历了很多，留下许多回忆和故事。故选A。
157．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我带着许多故事离开了法国，所以当人们问我这次旅行中最喜欢的部分是什么时，他们总是惊讶地听到我谈论我的巴西朋友保罗，以及我们一起在课堂上度过的工作日、在镇上度过的周末和探索法国的时光。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. disturbed受到干扰的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. concerned担忧的。根据下文“to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and the scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends 　　13　　France we enjoyed together.”可知，当人们问到在旅行中最喜欢的部分时，作者列出了一大堆都是与巴西朋友一起经历的事情，人们的反应一定是比较惊讶的。故选C。
158．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我带着许多故事离开了法国，所以当人们问我这次旅行中最喜欢的部分是什么时，他们总是惊讶地听到我谈论我的巴西朋友保罗，以及我们一起在课堂上度过的工作日、在镇上度过的周末和探索法国的时光。A. analyzing分析；B. investigating调查；C. describing描述；D. exploring探索。根据上文“weeknights on the town, and weekends”可知，白天上课，晚上在镇子里，周末就应该是一起在巴黎这座城市里游玩，也就是探索巴黎。故选D。
159．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢人们看起来如此不同，但最终却如此相似。A. similar相似的；B. independent独立的；C. generous慷慨的；D. distant遥远的。根据语境可知，作者与巴西朋友成为非常好的朋友，正好体现了看起来不同的人也能找到共同语言、成为朋友，最终却如此相似。故选A。
160．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于任何想要体验外国文化、获得有意义的友谊的人，我都会推荐交换项目给他。A. instruction命令；B. date日期；C. facts事实；D. friendships友谊。根据上文可知，作者在交换项目中结识了新朋友，此处表示获得友谊。故选D。