上海高考英语完形填空专项训练

这是一份上海高考英语完形填空专项训练，共41页。
完形填空
ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence-driven chatbot (聊天机器人) programme that responds to user prompts, has dominated social networks in recent weeks. Its ____1____ is such that within days of its launch, OpenAI, the artificial intelligence company behind the chatbot, announced that 1 million people had logged on. In comparison, Facebook and Spotify took months to attract that level of ____2____. The attraction is obvious: ChatGPT can generate jokes, essays and computer code from a short writing prompt.
There’s nothing ____3____ in software that produces fluent and logical writing. ChatGPT’s predecessor, the Generative Pretrained Transformer 3 (GPT-3), could do that too. Both were trained on an unimaginably large amount of data to answer questions in a ____4____ way. But ChatGPT has been fine-tuned by being fed the data on human “conversations”, which significantly ____5____ the truthfulness and informativeness of its answers.
____6____, ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical. Even the bot itself says, “My responses are not intended to be taken as ____7____.” This might be a big problem on the Internet, as many web platforms ____8____ the capability to protect themselves against a flood of AI-generated content. Such websites as Stack Overflow, where users can find answers to programming-related questions, had to ban ChatGPT-produced posts, as its human moderators (管理员) could not deal with the ____9____ of believable but wrong replies. It is _____10_____ to give out tools that could be used to mass produce fake news and messages.
Letting loose ChatGPT raises the question of whether content produced by it can be truly trusted. A human author is _____11_____ their work in a way AI is not. Artificial intelligence is not artificial _____12_____: ChatGPT does not know what it is doing; it is unable to say how or why it produced a response; it has no grasp of human experience, and cannot tell if it is _____13_____. While OpenAI has safeguards to refuse inappropriate requests, such as to tell users how to commit crimes, these can be bypassed. AI’s potential for harm should not be _____14_____. In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon of mass destruction.
No one knows what will happen to such technologies if the software engineers of the future will themselves be software programs. “Human supervision and _____15_____ are required,” OpenAI’s researchers have warned.
1．A．attempt B．appeal C．purpose D．solution
2．A．engagement B．point C．competition D．ambition
3．A．harmful B．positive C．novel D．obvious
4．A．creative B．general C．simple D．believable
5．A．converted B．impressed C．increased D．limited
6．A．In brief B．As a result C．Even so D．Loosely speaking
7．A．fact B．routine C．discrimination D．details
8．A．expel B．lack C．expect D．improve
9．A．quality B．potential C．volume D．fear
10．A．experimental B．risky C．unnecessary D．reliable
11．A．scared of B．open to C．pleased with D．responsible for
12．A．consciousness B．innovation C．emotion D．curiosity
13．A．fitting in B．hanging on C．making sense D．taking advantage
14．A．rejected B．blamed C．underestimated D．contributed
15．A．civilization B．caution C．loss D．pressure

She wants to be a singer. You think she should go for a long-term career with job security and eventually retire with a good pension (退休金). But a new report suggests that in fact she’s the practical one. Why do parents make terrible careers ____16____?
Today’s 14 and 15-year-olds are ____17____. They look at their working future in a different way from their parents’. A job for life is not in their vocabulary; neither is a dead-end but secure job that is ____18____ but pays the bills.
In the past, this might be considered as ____19____ news. Certainly, when I was 15, my guidance mentor ____20____ my plans to become a writer. I’m glad I didn’t change my plans to suit them. But the world has changed. The global economy is not ____21____ to yesterday’s diligent and dependable worker. The future belongs to quick-thinking people who are resourceful, ambitious and can take the ____22____. This means that a 14-year-old who sees her working future as a kind of ____23____ is not necessarily being unrealistic.
____24____, she has to have the training and guidance to help her develop the right skills for today’s market. Many young people _____25_____ that downsizing (裁员) and freelancing (自由职业) are all part of modern working life, but no one is telling them how they might be able to turn the new rules of the _____26_____ game to their advantage. This is what they need to know if they are to make a life for themselves.
So what is to be done? A most important step would be to _____27_____ the way in which schools prepare young people for adult life. The education system is becoming less flexible and sticks more to traditional skills at just the time that the job market is going in the _____28_____direction.
What, then, can we as parents do to help them? The best thing is to _____29_____ all the advice that your parents gave you, and step into your teenager’s shoes. Give them the courage to follow their dreams—however strange they might sound now. In a world that offers economic security to almost no one, imagination is a terrible thing to _____30_____.
16．A．advisers B．pioneers C．reformers D．pursuers
17．A．curious B．realistic C．depressed D．ambitious
18．A．well-paid B．temporary C．boring D．rewarding
19．A．big B．bad C．exciting D．latest
20．A．were ignorant of B．were horrified at C．were amazed at D．were conscious of
21．A．common B．opposed C．kind D．committed
22．A．initiative B．responsibility C．advantage D．measure
23．A．reality B．terminal C．destiny D．adventure
24．A．Instead B．However C．Therefore D．Moreover
25．A．object B．declare C．conclude D．understand
26．A．competition B．employment C．knowledge D．modernisation
27．A．neglect B．follow C．change D．cancel
28．A．opposite B．former C．regular D．inevitable
29．A．take B．forget C．recall D．spoil
30．A．inherit B．keep C．simplify D．waste

During the initial stages of instructed L2 (the second language) acquisition students learn a couple thousand, mainly high frequency words. Functional language proficiency, however, ___31___mastery of a considerably large number of words. It is therefore ___32___ at the intermediate and advanced stages of language acquisition to learn a large vocabulary in a short period of time. There is not enough time to ___33___the natural (largely incidental) L1 (the first language) word acquisition process. Incidental acquisition of the words is only possible up to a point, ___34___, on account of their low frequency, they do not ___35___often enough in the L2 learning material.
Acquisition of new words from authentic L2 reading texts by means of strategies such as contextual deduction (演绎) is also not a ___36___for a number of reasons. There appears to be no ___37___to intentional learning of a great many new words in a relatively short period of time. The words to be learned may be ___38___in isolation or in context. Presentation in bilingual (双语的) word lists seems an ___39___shortcut because it takes less time than contextual presentation and yields excellent short term results. Long term memory, ____40____, is often disappointing so contextual presentation seems advisable.
Any suggestions on how to use this in educational contexts should be based on a systematic ____41____ of the two most important aspects of the L2 word learning problem, this is to say,  selecting the relevant vocabulary (which and how many words) and creating the best conditions for the acquisition process. This article sets out to ____42____a computer assisted word acquisition programme (CAVOCA) which tries to do exactly this: the programme operationalises current theoretical thinking about word acquisition, and its ____43____ are based on a systematic list of the vocabulary relevant for the target group. To ____44____its frequency, the programme was ____45____ in a number of experimental settings with a paired associated method of learning new words. The experimental results suggest that an approach combining the two methods is most advisable.
31．A．inquires B．requires C．receives D．inspires
32．A．difficult B．easy C．possible D．necessary
33．A．copy B．focus C．find D．clean
34．A．however B．moreover C．because D．nevertheless
35．A．disturb B．seem C．occur D．disappear
36．A．solution B．approach C．problem D．wonder
37．A．official B．annual C．objective D．alternative
38．A．predicted B．presented C．postponed D．preferred
39．A．available B．outstanding C．attractive D．evident
40．A．by means of B．moreover C．in spite of D．however
41．A．focus B．analysis C．object D．target
42．A．describe B．grasp C．link D．force
43．A．conclusions B．appointments C．aspects D．contents
44．A．react B．establish C．memorize D．leave
45．A．enhanced B．invented C．contrasted D．behaved

Today, there are many avenues (大街；途径) open to those who wish to continue their education. However, nearly all require some ___46___ in one’s career in order to attend school full time. Part-time education, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the ___47___ out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. ___48___, such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact ___49___ on one’s career and family time.
Of the many ___50___ to teaching and learning, however, perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning. Distance learning is an educational method, which allows the students the ___51___ to study at his or her own pace to achieve the ___52___ goals, which are so necessary in today’s world. The time required to study may be set aside at the student’s convenience with due ___53___ to all life’s other requirements. Besides, the student may ___54___ in distance learning courses from virtually any place in the world, while continuing to pursue their chosen career. Tutorial assistance may be ____55____through regular airmail, telephone, fax machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet.
Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject ____56____ tool with every subject. This precludes (排除) the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test. Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the ____57____ of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus. The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed.
In the final analysis, a good distance learning program has a place not only for the ____58____ students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership with their employees for the educational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization. ____59____ distance learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining (保留) career-minded people while ____60____ to their personal and professional growth through education.
46．A．experience B．break C．interest D．change
47．A．process B．progress C．property D．possibility
48．A．Surprisingly B．Additionally C．Fortunately D．Traditionally
49．A．appropriately B．reasonably C．negatively D．favorably
50．A．complaints B．attitudes C．difficulties D．approaches
51．A．individuality B．responsibility C．flexibility D．visibility
52．A．professional B．academic C．relevant D．separate
53．A．desire B．ability C．regard D．account
54．A．enroll B．evolve C．enclose D．emerge
55．A．adequate B．vacant C．available D．reliable
56．A．registration B．participation C．investigation D．evaluation
57．A．demonstration B．equivalence C．combination D．qualification
58．A．distinguished B．outstanding C．independent D．individual
59．A．Sponsoring B．Requiring C．Indicating D．Protesting
60．A．objecting B．responding C．contributing D．adding

We must face the fact that there are many aspects of the information age. All information makes us anxious. Over some of these, we have little or no control. On the other hand, there are steps we can take to eliminate much of ____61____. We might say, then, that survival in the information age is a challenging yet ____62____ task.
To some extent, we are all receivers and givers of information. Our brain, however, receives and processes information in different ways. One way involves the amazing capacity of the brain to process information subconsciously.
Another way involves ____63____ processing of information such as during conversation. We have a great deal of control over this type of information processing --- both as givers and receivers. If we indulge (任凭) ourselves talking about tiny things or even harmful information, valuable time and ____64____ can be wasted. Meanwhile this can make us and others anxious. You may lose opportunities to absorb and distribute information that is truly useful for ____65____ in this troubled world.
Information gathered by reading is processed consciously and ____66____ takes longest. The written word is still the most powerful way of ____67____ imagination and conveying information, ideas, and concept.
How can we ____68____ so much information from various sources, such as reading material, TV program, computer games, and other ____69____ activities? The answer is screening. Screening, sorting out or prioritizing what we need to hear, see, say or read may _____70_____ much information anxiety.
To cut through confusing information, _____71_____ this basic rule: Keep it simple! The secret to processing information is narrowing your _____72_____ of information. Simplicity is _____73_____ in many Asian cultures and is even recognized in Western cultures as a superior way of living. Writer Duane Elgin _____74_____, “To live more simply is to live more purposefully and with a _____75_____ of needless distraction.”
61．A．anxiety B．trouble C．interest D．curiosity
62．A．donating B．accomplishing C．rewarding D．searching
63．A．sensitive B．conscious C．unconscious D．reasonable
64．A．health B．wealth C．power D．energy
65．A．expanding B．surviving C．stretching D．bearing
66．A．hence B．however C．still D．yet
67．A．cooperating B．finding C．stimulating D．removing
68．A．think of B．deal with C．do with D．rule over
69．A．considerate B．professional C．humorous D．recreational
70．A．get rid of B．bring about C．break into D．come to
71．A．catch B．apply C．abandon D．offer
72．A．rank B．limit C．field D．lane
73．A．received B．supplied C．labeled D．recommended
74．A．opposed B．stated C．declined D．offered
75．A．minimum B．maximum C．quantity D．presence

People are looking for ways to reduce their carbon footprint. Purchasing property that is environmentally responsible is a good investment for those who are ____76____ their own health and the well-being of the earth. Based on this trend, entire districts, known as eco-communities, are being designed with a green ____77____ in mind. Dockside Green in Victoria, British Columbia is one of them.
If everything goes according to plan, Dockside Green will be a ____78____ community along the harbour front of British Columbia’s capital city. The community will be home to 2500 people and will ____79____ residential, office, and retail space. Builders of Dockside Green have the environment in mind with every choice they make. They ensure proper ventilation (通风), and guarantee residents 100% fresh indoor air. Building materials,, such as paints and wood, are____80____ and non-poisonous. Eco-conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it grows fast and does not require ____81____ to grow.
Energy efficiency is one of the ____82____ concerns in eco-communities, such as Dockside Green. Not only do energy efficient appliances and light fixtures (照明设备) reduce the environmental____83____ of heating and hot water, they also save residents and business owners money. Dockside Green claims that home owners will use 55% less energy than average residents in Canada. Residents will have individual water metres____84____ studies show that people use around 20% less energy when they are billed for exactly what they use. _____85_____, water is treated at Dockside Green and reused on site for flushing (冲洗) toilets.
Planners of eco-communities such as Dockside Green must take the _____86_____ into account. Dockside Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste. They also plan to continue using local suppliers for all of their transport and maintenance needs. This is a great way to reduce_____87_____.
Dockside residents will be encouraged to make use of a mini transportation system and buy into the community’s car share program. Finally, plans are in the works for a high-tech heating system that will use _____88_____ energy instead of fossil fuels (化石燃料).
Dockside residents will _____89_____ excellent local services with high quality healthcare, shopping and education at the heart of the community, along with excellent recreation facilities and plentiful green open spaces. The Eco-Community will favour the use of locally-sourced goods and services; they will be_____90_____ places to live, promoting a tangible (看得见的)sense of civic pride, responsibility and, as the name suggests, community.
76．A．frightened of B．concerned about C．linked with D．fed up with
77．A．symbol B．talent C．focus D．trust
78．A．intelligent B．strange C．dizzy D．self-sufficient
79．A．take in B．depend on C．consist of D．make up for
80．A．natural B．mixed C．sealed D．mysterious
81．A．livestock B．pesticides C．paperwork D．vehicle
82．A．top B．stressful C．minimum D．limited
83．A．convenience B．achievement C．charity D．impact
84．A．for fear that B．so that C．as D．though
85．A．In all B．In particular C．Therefore D．In addition
86．A．profit B．future C．traffic D．media
87．A．emissions B．disagreements C．unemployment D．disease
88．A．less B．man-made C．renewable D．various
89．A．result from B．apply for C．contribute to D．benefit from
90．A．desirable B．reliable C．recyclable D．imaginary

If at first you don’t succeed, as the old saying goes, try, try again. Good advice, up to a point. But let me offer a ____91____: even when you do succeed, try, try again. Tempting as it is to declare victory and move on, in many endeavors there is much to be said for rethinking an apparently satisfactory formula.
Consider the advice for job interviews in Talent, a new book by economist Tyler Cowen and venture capitalist Daniel Gross. They suggest asking a(n) ____92____ question, such as “give me an example of when you resolved a difficult challenge at work.” Then ask for another example. And another. The pat answers will be ____93____ quickly, and the candidate will have to start improvising, digging deep — or perhaps admit to being stumped.
Indeed, one way to describe this tactic is that the interviewer is asking for answers in ____94____ rather than for answers in series. Instead of stringing together a logical sequence of 17 questions, the interviewer is asking for 17 different answers to the same question.
While that approach is ____95____ in job interviews, it is common practice among designers. They often produce several ____96____ attempts to meet a given brief, rather than immediately focusing on what seems to be the best idea. In doing so, the designers force themselves to ____97____ the full range of possibilities, to avoid the risk of committing too early to a concept that seems attractive but may ____98____ be a dead end.
A striking example of parallel design is the creation of the Windows 95 startup sound. Microsoft was looking for an opportunity to ____99____ the audio capabilities of the computers of the day, so it is commissioned the famed music producer Brian Eno to do so.
Eno recalls receiving a brief, asking for music that was “inspirational, sexy, driving, provocative, nostalgic... there were about 150 _____100_____. And then at the bottom it said, ‘and not more than 3.8 seconds long’”.
Eno describes himself as being “completely bereft of ideas” at the time. He found the brief both hilarious and inspiring. In the end he _____101_____ more than 80 tiny pieces of music. The final result was a musical signature that has stood the test of time and was one that helped to creatively liberate Eno. “It really _____102_____ a logjam in my own work,” he told The San Francisco Chronicle.
Bill Burnett and Dave Evans, in their delightful book Designing Your Life, suggest an exercise in which you sketch out a vision for the next five years of your life. What will you be doing? Where will you live and with whom? Are you hoping to run a marathon? Start a business? Write a novel?
This is often a straightforward act of _____103_____, but what makes the exercise excruciating is what comes next: Burnett and Evans ask you to do it again, only this time, you’re to write an entirely different projection — the idea at the heart of the plan is one that is completely forbidden: Forcing yourself to go back to the _____104_____ board, not only a second, but a third time.
I’ve tried this myself and seen others try it. People squirm. They protest. Sometimes they cry. And then, sooner or later, the ideas start pouring out.
We all contain _____105_____. But we don’t always let them see the light of day. Perhaps we should try producing answers in parallel more often. Even when you do succeed, try, try again.
91．A．suggestion B．promotion C．recommendation D．modification
92．A．routine B．academic C．personal D．controversial
93．A．presented B．exhausted C．challenged D．accepted
94．A．style B．parallel C．detail D．privacy
95．A．fundamental B．flexible C．unconventional D．practical
96．A．distinct B．determined C．deliberate D．vain
97．A．dismiss B．restrict C．explore D．overlook
98．A．inevitably B．accidentally C．theoretically D．eventually
99．A．scale up B．figure out C．experiment on D．show off
100．A．adjectives B．statements C．variables D．copyrights
101．A．purchased B．composed C．performed D．appreciated
102．A．exhibited B．created C．broke D．underestimated
103．A．aggressiveness B．imagination C．wisdom D．will
104．A．dart B．score C．drawing D．notice
105．A．emotions B．ambitions C．desires D．multitudes

Left out of society: Vanuatu’s deaf community push for national sign language
Tasale Edward Bule, a 45-year-old fisher from Vanuatu’s Efate island, remembers the day the world went silent. “I woke up one morning and remember not hearing the birds sing, or the rooster crow,” Bule says. “I asked everyone to call my name to see if I would hear them – it was then I realised I had ____106____the hearing in both my ears.” The illness that took his hearing has never been clearly explained to Bule by a doctor. But at 14, and with no ____107____sign language or disability support, he left school, despite dreaming of one day becoming a pilot or an engineer.
Bule’s story would be ____108____ much of the deaf community in the Pacific country of Vanuatu. With no national sign language, most people have to___109___their own ways to communicate. Some use signs they’ve developed with their families and communities, but then ____110____to communicate outside this group. Others, like Bule, rely largely on lip-reading to ____111____.
Disability advocates say this leaves the deaf community unable to participate fully in society. The group are also more ____112____during natural disasters, frequent in Vanuatu. Thus people are seeking to create an official language in the hope of ____113____life for the hard of hearing community in the Pacific nation.
____114____, the government hopes to fix this too. It is currently developing a national sign language, to be called Storian wetem han, or “using hands to communicate”.
The initiative, which is funded by the Global Partnership for Education and the World Bank, has seen _____115_____travel the country collecting signs from deaf people, and filming deaf people signing different words, which will be _____116_____to a sign language dictionary software program and turned into a national sign language.
Once developed, Vanuatu would join Fiji, Kiribati, Samoa and Solomon Islands as Pacific nations with a national sign language, though at present Papua New Guinea is the only country where its sign language, Auslan-PNG Sign, is an officially _____117_____national language.
The government hopes that Storian wetem han will be able to be _____118_____fully across the country in 2024.
For now though, Arthur Simrai, a field officer for the Vanuatu Society for People Living with DisabilitySimrai, says that many of those living with hearing loss don’t _____119_____sign language on the rare occasions that they see it. “Most of the people who can’t hear, they don’t know the sign language on the screen,” he said. “They have their own sign at home … with their family to signal or communicate what they want … but not everyone in the community know.”
If Vanuatu is able to make a _____120_____of its national sign language, Simrai says, it would make an enormous difference to the lives of people who are deaf across the country.
106．A．enhanced B．lost C．developed D．disabled
107．A．independence of B．treatment for C．impact on D．access to
108．A．appealing to B．familiar to C．distinct from D．due to
109．A．invent B．perform C．enhance D．abandon
110．A．manage B．resolve C．deserve D．struggle
111．A．get by B．back up C．settle down D．take over
112．A．plausible B．distracted C．vulnerable D．regretful
113．A．creating B．conveying C．changing D．combining
114．A．Therefore B．Meanwhile C．However D．Nevertheless
115．A．officials B．netizens C．soldiers D．therapists
116．A．delivered B．downloaded C．filtered D．uploaded
117．A．exposed B．targeted C．considered D．recognised
118．A．referred to B．rolled out C．deprived of D．drunk to
119．A．remember B．collect C．recognise D．film
120．A．copy B．mess C．success D．series

Deliverance(解救) for Delivery Drivers?
ZOOOOOOOOM!!! A gust of air, the hum of spinning wheels, and a flash of color whizzing past. I’m sure that we have all stepped into the crosswalk, at one time or another, and experienced this sudden, heart-stopping ___121___. I am, of course, referring to delivery drivers ___122___ through crossroads to deliver takeaway food.
Over the past few years, delivery drivers have been criticized, fined, and even ___123___ for breaking traffic laws across China. Delivery drivers often ___124___ red lights, disregard speed limits, and pay little attention to pedestrian crossings. But they also often pay the ___125___ price — each year, it seems like fatal injuries involving delivery drivers are increasing. ___126___, since delivery drivers are usually poorly paid, how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock?
Well, it ___127___ to be a complicated issue. Recently an article titled “Delivery Drivers, Stuck in the System” was shared widely on social media. According to the article, ___128___ between delivery services Ele.me and Meituan has caused each app to take increasingly extreme measures to out-do(超过) the other. This has included the shortening of delivery time windows. It has been ___129___, in part, through a combination of rewards for early delivery and severe punishments for late delivery. Over time, the platforms have only increased these ___130___ on drivers. As a result, drivers find themselves in a dilemma(左右两难的困境)：break traffic laws or, in some cases, lose hundreds of yuan in earnings for late deliveries.
According to surveys and reactions online, ___131___ care much whether their deliveries are a few minutes late, while most believe that it is not worth risking someone’s life for. In response, Ele.me and Meituan have added a combination of features to ___132___ delivery times for slow elevators or bad weather conditions.
Although these new ___133___ cannot solve the underlying problems of intense competition or the inherent dangers of driving, they should, in some measure, start reducing some of the pressure on drivers. In the meantime, as ___134___, we can help to make life for delivery riders safer and easier. ___135___, be a considerate person and don’t leave them waiting for too long. If you see a food delivery guy rushing toward you on an escalator or into a door, consider standing back and letting him go first. After all, they are putting their lives on the line just to deliver our food.
121．A．fright B．delight C．pain D．sorrow
122．A．running B．walking C．rushing D．wandering
123．A．arrested B．fired C．blamed D．praised
124．A．destroy B．ignore C．observe D．interrupt
125．A．everlasting B．dramatic C．slight D．final
126．A．However B．Namely C．Indeed D．Surprisingly
127．A．decides B．refuses C．turns out D．takes turns
128．A．comparison B．contrast C．competition D．cooperation
129．A．adapted B．achieved C．adopted D．assumed
130．A．motivations B．advantages C．pressures D．skills
131．A．some B．few C．many D．we
132．A．reduce B．expand C．narrow D．extend
133．A．actions B．behaviors C．features D．conditions
134．A．humans B．consumers C．friends D．taxpayers
135．A．In one word B．As a result C．For example D．On the contrary

When I became an amputee (截肢患者) at age 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became different, as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and ___136___.
Too busy ___137___ physical pain and obvious mobility limitation, I was not aware of this change at first. I was determined to ___138___, feeling good about the progress I had made, as I moved forward.
___139___, as I made my first excursion outside the hospital, society had already assigned me a new status. Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital, I rolled through the shopping mall – a ___140___ survivor, feeling like a war hero. Unfortunately, I had a rude ___141___ as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.
All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to ___142___ my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs. Mothers ___143___ held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying, “God Bless You!” with ___144___ in their eyes.
While I sat thinking about what had happened, a small girl came up to me. She stared with unembarrassed ____145____ at the empty pants. Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, she innocently asked, “Lady, where did your legs go?”
I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadn’t been strong and healthy like hers, the doctors had to ____146____ them. Leaning her head upwards, she asked, “Did they go to ‘Leg Heaven’?”
That incident made me think about how ____147____ children and adults react to the unknown. To a child, an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity and a ____148____ learning experience while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror. I began to realize that, I, too had been ____149____ of the same inappropriate reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.
To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye contact, and speak in a confident manner. By using a ____150____ approach, I attempt to enlighten society about the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesn’t mean having a poor quality of life.
136．A．comfort B．fear C．hatred D．sadness
137．A．crying with B．figuring out C．holding back D．dealing with
138．A．endure B．quit C．revenge D．succeed
139．A．Instead B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore
140．A．calm B．poor C．proud D．rare
141．A．awakening B．ending C．happening D．proceeding
142．A．turn B．hold C．catch D．avoid
143．A．softly B．protectively C．reluctantly D．pleasantly
144．A．pity B．anger C．depression D．upset
145．A．curiosity B．determination C．enthusiasm D．satisfaction
146．A．lose B．adjust C．remove D．stretch
147．A．differently B．positively C．strangely D．sympathetically
148．A．painful B．potential C．similar D．common
149．A．conscious B．guilty C．ignorant D．short
150．A．creative B．flexible C．positive D．scientific















参考答案：

1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。ChatGPT是一款人工智能驱动的聊天机器人程序，可以对用户提示做出回应，最近几周它主导了社交网络，文章介绍了它可能存在的一些弊端和问题。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的吸引力如此之大，以至于推出这款聊天机器人的人工智能公司OpenAI宣布，在它发布的几天内，就有100万人登录了它。A. attempt尝试；B. appeal吸引力；C. purpose目的；D. solution解决方法。根据上文“has dominated social networks in recent weeks.”以及下文“announced that 1 million people had logged on.”可推知，此处为它的吸引力如此之大，以至于推出这款聊天机器人的人工智能公司OpenAI宣布，在它发布的几天内，就有100万人登录了它。故选B项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，Facebook和Spotify花了几个月时间才吸引到这样的参与程度。A. engagement参与；B. point点；C. competition比赛；D. ambition雄心壮志。根据上文提到的几天就有100万人登录了ChatGPT以及该句中的“In comparison”可推知，此处为相比之下，Facebook和Spotify花了几个月时间才吸引到这样的参与程度。故选A项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：软件中没有什么新奇的东西能写出流畅而有逻辑的文字。A. harmful伤害的；B. positive积极的；C. novel新颖的；D. obvious明显的。根据下文“ChatGPT’s predecessor, the Generative Pretrained Transformer 3 (GPT-3), could do that too.”(GPT-3)也可以做到这一点，可推知，此处为软件中没有什么新奇的东西能写出流畅而有逻辑的文字。故选C项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两个程序都接受了难以想象的大量数据训练，以可信的方式回答问题。A. creative有创造力的；B. general普遍的；C. simple简单的；D. believable可信的。根据下文“which significantly ____5____ the truthfulness and informativeness of its answers.”可推知，此处为两个程序都接受了难以想象的大量数据训练，以可信的方式回答问题。故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但ChatGPT通过输入人类“对话”数据进行了微调，这大大提高了其答案的真实性和信息量。A. converted转换；B. impressed打动；C. increased增加；D. limited限制。根据上文提到的两个程序都以可信的方式回答问题，以及该句中的“But ChatGPT has been fine-tuned by being fed the data on human “conversations”,”but转折可知，此处应为但ChatGPT通过输入人类“对话”数据进行了微调，这大大提高了其答案的真实性和信息量。故选C项。
6．考查固定短语辨析。句意：即便如此，ChatGPT仍然会给出一些看似合理但实际上是不正确或毫无意义的答案。A. In brief简言之；B. As a result结果是；C. Even so即便如此；D. Loosely speaking粗略地说。根据下文“ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical.”可推知，此处为即便如此，ChatGPT仍然会给出一些看似合理但实际上是不正确或毫无意义的答案。故选C项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就连机器人自己也会说：“我的回答并不打算被视为事实。”A. fact事实；B. routine惯例；C. discrimination歧视；D. details细节。根据上文提到的ChatGPT仍然会给出一些看似合理但实际上是不正确或毫无意义的答案。可知，此处为就连机器人自己也会说：“我的回答并不打算被视为事实。”故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可能是互联网上的一个大问题，因为许多网络平台缺乏保护自己免受人工智能生成内容洪流影响的能力。A. expel驱逐；B. lack缺乏；C. expect期待；D. improve提高。根据该句中的“This might be a big problem on the Internet”以及“to protect themselves against a flood of AI-generated content.”可知，此处为这可能是互联网上的一个大问题，因为许多网络平台缺乏保护自己免受人工智能生成内容洪流影响的能力。故选B项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像Stack Overflow这样的网站，用户可以在上面找到与编程相关的问题的答案，不得不禁止chatgpt发布的帖子，因为它的人工版主无法处理大量可信但错误的回复。A. quality质量；B. potential潜力；C. volume总量；D. fear害怕。根据下文“... could be used to mass produce fake news and messages.”可推知，此处为因为它的人工版主无法处理大量可信但错误的回复。the volume of意为“大量的”，故选C项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：提供可用于大规模制造假新闻和假信息的工具是有风险的。A. experimental实验性的；B. risky有风险的；C. unnecessary不需要的；D. reliable可靠的。 根据下文“Letting loose ChatGPT raises the question of whether content produced by it can be truly trusted.”以及“In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon of mass destruction.”可推知，此处为提供可用于大规模制造假新闻和假信息的工具是有风险的。故选B项。
11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：人类作者要对自己的作品负责，而人工智能则不用。A. scared of害怕；B. open to对……开放；C. pleased with对……满意；D. responsible for对……负责。  根据下文“Artificial intelligence is not artificial ____12____: ChatGPT does not know what it is doing”可推知，此处为人类作者要对自己的作品负责，而人工智能则不用。故选D项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人工智能不是人工意识。A. consciousness意识；B. innovation创新；C. emotion情感；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文“ChatGPT does not know what it is doing; it is unable to say how or why it produced a response;”可知，此处为人工智能不是人工意识。故选A项。
13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它不了解人类的经验，也不知道这些经验是否有意义。A. fitting in适合；B. hanging on坚持下去；C. making sense有意义；D. taking advantage利用。根据句意以及该句中的“it has no grasp of human experience”可知，此处为它不了解人类的经验，也不知道这些经验是否有意义。故选C项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人工智能的潜在危害不应被低估。A. rejected拒绝；B. blamed责怪；C. underestimated低估；D. contributed贡献。根据下文“In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon of mass destruction.”可知，此处为人工智能的潜在危害不应被低估。故选C项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：OpenAI的研究人员警告说：“人类的监督和谨慎是必要的。”A. civilization文明；B. caution谨慎；C. loss损失；D. pressure压力。根据上文提到的人工智能的潜在危害不应被低估。如果落入坏人之手，它可能成为大规模杀伤性武器。以及该句中的supervision，可推知，此处为人类的监督和谨慎是必要的。故选B项。

16．A 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．D

【导语】这是一篇议论文。全篇围绕就业择业的话题，作者建议年轻人遵从自己内心，雄心勃勃并主动出击。建议改革教育系统以便让年轻人更好地能提前适应成年生活，同时建议家长鼓励并支持孩子们的想法。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么父母会成为糟糕的职业建议者。A. advisers顾问；B. pioneers先锋；C. reformers改革者；D. pursuers追赶者。由前文“She wants to be a singer. You think she should go for a long-term career with job security and eventually retire with a good pension (退休金). But a new report suggests that in fact she’s the practical one. ”可知，父母建议女孩追求一份长期稳定的工作而不是成为一名歌手，但实际结果表明女孩才是一个实际的人，所以此处指代父母是糟糕的职业“建议者”。故答案为A。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今十四五岁的孩子都雄心勃勃。A. curious好奇的；B. realistic现实的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. ambitious有雄心的。根据后文“A job for life is not in their vocabulary”可知，现在的孩子并不追求终身性的铁饭碗工作，所以他们是“具有抱负的”。故答案为D。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的字典里没有终身工作; 枯燥乏味仅够养家糊口的稳定而毫无前途的工作也不受年轻人的欢迎。A. well-paid待遇优厚的；B. temporary暂时的；C. boring无聊的；D. rewarding值得做的。连词but表明前后含义呈转折关系，由空后“ pays the bills”可知，空处表示负面的感情色彩，所以此处C选项符合题意，同时呼应前文的“dead-end”。故答案为C。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去，这可能被认为是坏消息。A. big大的；B. bad坏的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. latest最新的。根据后文“But the world has changed.”及“The future belongs to quick-thinking people who are resourceful, ambitious and can take the  ____7____ .”可知现在的看法和过去看法不一样，现在的想法是未来是属于那些思维敏捷的人，他们足智多谋并雄心勃勃。由此推知在过去，这种属于“坏”消息。故答案为B。
20．考查短语辨析。句意：当然，当我15岁的时候，我的导师对我想成为作家的计划感到震惊。A. were ignorant of 不知道；B. were horrified at对……感到震惊/恐慌；C. were amazed at 惊讶于；D. were conscious of意识到。根据后文“ I’m glad I didn’t change my plans to suit them. ”可知导师并不满意我想成为作家的计划，但我没有改变自己的想法去迎合，所以B选项符合题意。故答案为B。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 经济的全球化已经不再青睐于过去的勤恳的工人。A. common普遍的；B. opposed反对的；C. kind友好的；D. committed忠诚的。根据后文“The future belongs to quick-thinking people who are resourceful, ambitious and can take the  ____7____ .”可知将来是属于那些思维敏捷的人，他们足智多谋并雄心勃勃，所以对那些过去勤恳的工人并不“友好”。故答案为C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：未来是属于思维敏捷的人，他们足智多谋，雄心勃勃，能够主动出击。A. initiative主动性；B. responsibility责任；C. advantage优点；D. measure措施。由空前提示词“resourceful”和“ambitious ”可知，A选项符合题意。故答案为A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，一个14岁的孩子把自己的工作未来视为一种冒险，并不一定是不切实际的。A. reality现实；B. terminal终端；C. destiny命运；D. adventure冒险。由第二段可知，如今十四五岁的孩子都雄心勃勃，所以D选项符合题意，呼应“ambitious”。故答案为D。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她必须接受培训和指导，以帮助她培养适合当今市场的技能。A. Instead反而；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover此外。前文强调年轻人把未来的工作看成冒险并不是不切实际，空后强调年轻人需要接受培训和指导，空后转移话题焦点，所以B选项符合题意。故答案为B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多年轻人明白裁员和自由职业都是现代工作生活的一部分，但没有人告诉他们如何才能把就业游戏的新规则变成对他们有利的东西。A. object反对；B. declare宣称；C. conclude推断；D. understand理解。根据后文“but no one is telling them”可知空格表示“理解”的含义。故答案为D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年轻人明白裁员和自由职业都是现代工作生活的一部分，但没有人告诉他们如何才能把就业游戏的新规则变成对他们有利的东西。A. competition竞争；B. employment职业；C. knowledge知识；D. modernisation现代化。文章主题是关于就业与择业，所以选项B符合题意，表示将就业新规则变不利为有利。故答案为B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的一步是改变学校培养年轻人适应成年生活的方式。A. neglect忽略；B. follow遵循；C. change改变；D. cancel取消。根据后文“The education system is becoming less flexible and sticks more to traditional skills at just the time that the job market is going in the ____13____direction.”可知，教育系统正变得越来越不灵活，更多地依赖传统技能，由此推知，作者建议要“改变”这种现状，要让学校培养年轻人更适应成年生活。故答案为C。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教育体系正变得越来越不灵活，更多地依赖传统技能，而就业市场正朝着相反的方向发展。A. opposite相反的；B. former以前的；C. regular有规律的；D. inevitable不可避免的。根据空前提示“less flexible”和“sticks more to traditional skills”可知，A选项符合题意，强调教育体系并不适应当前的就业市场。故答案为A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最好的办法就是忘记父母给你的所有建议，顺应内心愿望。A. take拿；B. forget忘记；C. recall回忆；D. spoil损坏。根据后文提示“ step into your teenager’s shoes”可知，作者建议青少年们遵从自己内心，所以是“忘记”父母给的建议。故答案为B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个几乎不为任何人提供经济安全的世界里，浪费想象力是一件可怕的事情。A. inherit继承；B. keep保持；C. simplify简化；D. waste浪费。由前文可知，作者支持年轻人在就业选择中，顺应内心愿望， 雄心勃勃并能主动出击，由此推知，作者是支持年轻人充满想象力的，所以“浪费”想象力是一件糟糕的事情。故答案为D。

31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．C 36．A 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．D 41．B 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了在语言学习的中、高级阶段的单词学习法。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，功能性语言的熟练，需要掌握相当多的单词。A. inquires询问；B. requires需要；C. receives接受；D. inspires激励。根据上文“During the initial stages of instructed L2 ( the second language) acquisition students learn a couple thousand, mainly high frequency words.”可知，语言学习初始阶段要学习几千个高频词汇，结合句中“Functional language proficiency”和“a considerably large number of words”可推知，要达到功能性语言的熟练需要更多的单词。故选B项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，在语言习得的中级和高级阶段，有必要在短时间内掌握大量词汇。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. possible可能的；D. necessary必要的。根据上文可知，要达到功能性语言的熟练需要更多的单词，所以结合常识和句中“at the intermediate and advanced stages of language acquisition”可推知，在语言学习的中、高级阶段，在短时间内掌握大量词汇是必要的。故选D项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有足够的时间来复制偶然的(主要是偶然的)L1(第一语言)单词习得过程。A. copy复制；B. focus集中；C. find找到；D. clean清理。根据下文“Incidental acquisition of the words is only possible up to a point”可知，在语言学习初始阶段的“单词偶然习得”在中、高级阶段的学生中行不通了，所以无法复制这一过程。故选A项。
34．考查副词和连接词词义辨析。句意：偶然习得这些单词只在一定程度上是可能的，因为它们的频率很低，在第二语言学习材料中出现的频率不够高。A. however然而；B. moreover而且；C. because因为；D. nevertheless然而。上文说偶然习得单词只在一定程度上是可能的，下文“on account of their low frequency, they do not　　5　　often enough in the L2 learning material.”解释了原因，应用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。故选C项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：偶然习得这些单词只在一定程度上是可能的，因为它们的频率很低，在第二语言学习材料中出现的频率不够高。A. disturb打扰；B. seem似乎；C. occur出现；D. disappear消失。根据句中“low frequency”可知，出现频率不够高。故选C项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过上下文推理等策略从真实的第二语言阅读文本中习得新词也不是一个解决方案，原因有很多。A. solution解决办法；B. approach靠近；C. problem问题；D. wonder惊讶。上文说到在语言学习的中、高级阶段，不能通过复制初始阶段的“单词偶然习得”法来增加词汇，结合句中“also not a”可推知，本段介绍了另一个解决这一问题的办法。故选A项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在相对较短的时间内有意识地学习大量的新单词之外，似乎没有其他选择。A. official官员；B. annual年刊；C. objective目的；D. alternative替代物。上文分别否定了“单词偶然习得”和“上下文推理”这两种习得新词的方法，所以句中“There appears to be no...”作出总结，要在相对较短的时间学习大量新词，没有其它替代办法，只能有意识地去学习。故选D项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：要学的单词可以是孤立展示的，也可以是在语境中展示的。A. predicted预测；B. presented呈现；C. postponed延期；D. preferred更喜爱。根据下文“Presentation in bilingual (双语的) word lists”和“contextual presentation”可知，这里说的是单词的两种呈现方式。故选B项。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：用双语单词表呈现似乎是一种很有吸引力的捷径，因为它比上下文呈现花费的时间更少，而且短期内效果很好。A. available可用的；B. outstanding杰出的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. evident清楚的。根据句中“it takes less time than contextual presentation”可知，“双语单词表呈现”比“上下文呈现”花的时间少，所以似乎更有吸引力。故选C项。
40．考查介词短语和副词词义辨析。句意：然而，长期记忆往往令人失望，所以上下文呈现似乎是可取的。A. by means of借助于；B. moreover此外；C. in spite of尽管；D. however然而。根据句中“contextual presentation seems advisable”可知，上下文有转折关系，有连接副词however。故选D项。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何关于如何在教育环境中使用这个方法的建议都应该基于对第二语言词汇学习问题的两个最重要方面的系统分析，也就是说，选择相关的词汇（哪些词以及多少词）和为习得过程创造最佳条件。A. focus重点；B. analysis分析；C. object物体；D. target目标。根据句中“this is to say,   selecting the relevant vocabulary (which and how many words) and creating the best conditions for the acquisition process”可知，这是对第二语言词汇学习问题的分析。故选B项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这篇文章描述了一个计算机辅助词汇学习程序(CAVOCA)，它试图做到这一点：该程序将当前关于词汇学习的理论思想付诸实践，其内容基于与目标群体相关的系统性词汇列表。A. describe描述；B. grasp抓牢；C. link连接；D. force强迫。根据句中“This article”可知，下文是文章描述的内容。故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这篇文章描述了一个计算机辅助词汇学习程序(CAVOCA)，它试图做到这一点：该程序将当前关于词汇学习的理论思想付诸实践，其内容基于与目标群体相关的系统性词汇列表。A. conclusions结论；B. appointments约定；C. aspects方面；D. contents内容。根据句中“are based on a systematic list of the vocabulary relevant for the target group”可知，这里说的是文章内容的基础。故选D项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了确定它的频率，该程序在一些实验环境中与学习新单词的配对相关方法进行了对比。A. react反应；B. establish确定；C. memorize记住；D. leave离开。根据下文“the programme was　　14　　in a number of experimental settings with a paired associated method of learning new words. The experimental results suggest that an approach combining the two methods is most advisable.”可推知，在一些实验环境中与学习新单词的配对相关方法进行了对比是为了确定单词的使用频率。故选B项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了确定它的频率，该程序在一些实验环境中与学习新单词的配对相关方法进行了对比。A. enhanced提高；B. invented发明；C. contrasted比较；D. behaved举止。根据句中“with a paired associated method”可推知，该程序与学习新单词的配对相关方法进行了对比。故选C项。

46．B 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．C 56．D 57．B 58．D 59．A 60．C

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述远程教育的好处。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，几乎所有人都需要中断职业生涯才能全职上学。A. experience经历，经验；B. break中断；C. interest兴趣；D. change改变。根据下文“in order to attend school full time”可知，他们要上全日制学校就需要中断职业生涯。故选B。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：兼职教育，也就是说，一个月在晚上或一个周末上学，往往会随着时间的推移而拖拖拉拉，让很多人无法完成学位课程。A. process过程；B. progress进步；C. property财产；D. possibility可能性。根据下文“puts the completion of a degree program out of reach”可知，兼职教育趋向于把完成整个教育的过程拖延。故选A。
48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，此类计划需要固定的时间承诺，这也会对一个人的职业和家庭时间产生负面影响。A. Surprisingly令人吃惊地；B. Additionally额外地，此外；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Traditionally传统地。根据上文“Part-time education, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the ___2___ out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people.”和下文“such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact ___4___ on one’s career and family time.”可知，前文说了兼职教育问题，下文也是在叙述这类计划，所以后文是对前文的补充，应使用Additionally。故选B。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：将第3题详解。A. appropriately恰当地；B. reasonably合理地；C. negatively消极地；D. favorably顺利地。根据上文“such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact”可知，固定的时间承诺会对一个人的职业和家庭时间产生负面影响。故选C。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在众多的教学方法中，最灵活和适应的可能是远程学习。A. complaints抱怨；B. attitudes态度；C. difficulties困难；D. approaches方法。根据下文“perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning”可知，这里指教与学的方式有很多种。故选D。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：远程学习是一种教育方法，它允许学生灵活地按照自己的节奏学习，以实现当今世界所必需的学业目标。A. individuality个人特征；B. responsibility责任；C. flexibility灵活；D. visibility可见性。根据上文“perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning.”可知，远程学习可以让学生灵活学习。故选C。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. professional职业的；B. academic学术的；C. relevant相关的；D. separate分离。根据上文“Distance learning is an educational method”可知，学生学习是要实现他们的学术目标。故选B。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习所需的时间可在学生方便时留出，并适当考虑生活的其他要求。A. desire渴望；B. ability能力；C. regard注意；D. account解释。根据下文“all life’s other requirements”可知，此处应是指关于所有其他方面的需求，regard to意为“关于”。故选C。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，学生可以在世界上任何地方注册远程学习课程，同时继续从事他们选择的职业。A. enroll登记；B. evolve进化；C. enclose封闭；D. emerge出现。根据下文“in distance learning courses from virtually any place in the world”可知，学生可以在世界上任何地方注册远程学习课程。enroll in意为“参加”。故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可以通过定期航空邮件、电话、传真机、电话会议和互联网获得辅导帮助。A. adequate适当的；B. vacant空缺的；C. available可获得的；D. reliable可靠的。根据下文“through regular airmail, telephone, fax machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet.”可知，学生可以通过一些航空邮件或电话等方式获得个人辅导。故选C。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：良好的远程学习计划的特点是在每个科目中都包含一个科目评估工具。A. registration登记；B. participation参与；C. investigation调查；D. evaluation评估。根据下文“This precludes (排除) the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test.”可知，远程教育是可以评估各个学科的。故选D。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个好的远程学习计划的另一个特点是，远程学习课程与那些在家庭校园中学习课程的学生具有相同的主题材料。A. demonstration示范；B. equivalence相等；C. combination结合；D. qualification资格。根据下文“The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed.”可知，远程教育的学生和那些在主校区的学生有相同的课程。故选B。
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：归根结底，一个好的远程学习计划不仅适合学生个人，也适合希望与员工合作以促进教育利益、专业发展和组织业务增长的公司或企业。A. distinguished著名的；B. outstanding突出的；C. independent独立的；D. individual个体的。根据下文“students but also the corporation or business”可知，一个好的远程教育不仅适合学生个体，还适合公司或者企业。故选D。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为员工赞助远程学习计划，为企业提供了留住员工的优势(保留) 同时通过教育促进个人和职业发展。A. Sponsoring赞助；B. Requiring要求；C. Indicating表明；D. Protesting抗议。根据下文“for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining(保留) career-minded people”可知，一些公司或企业赞助远程教育可以使他们的员工保持事业心。故选A。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. objecting目标；B. responding反应；C. contributing贡献；D. adding增加。根据下文“to their personal and professional growth through education”可知，远程教育有助于员工各方面的成长。contribute to意为“有助于”。故选C。

61．A 62．C 63．B 64．D 65．B 66．A 67．C 68．B 69．D 70．A 71．B 72．C 73．D 74．B 75．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了信息时代，我们应该对我们所接触的信息进行筛选、分类或排序，以消除信息焦虑，尽量减少不必要的分心，使生活更有目的性。
61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，我们可以采取一些措施来消除很多焦虑。A. anxiety焦虑；B. trouble麻烦；C. interest兴趣；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“All information makes us anxious.”可知，所有的信息都让我们焦虑，所以我们可以采取一些措施来消除焦虑。故选A项。
62．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们可以说，在信息时代生存是一项具有挑战性但有回报的任务。A. donating捐赠；B. accomplishing完成；C. rewarding值得的；D. searching透彻的。根据空前“We might say, then, that survival in the information age is a challenging yet”可知yet前后内容应该是相对的，所以信息时代是具有挑战性的同时也是有回报的。故选C项。
63．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一种方法是有意识地处理信息，比如在谈话中。A. sensitive敏感的；B. conscious有意识的；C. unconscious无意识的；D. reasonable合理的。根据空后“processing of information such as during conversation, we’ve a great deal of control over this type of information processing—both as givers and receivers”可知，此处通过举例来证明在谈话中作为信息的给予者和接受者，我们对这种类型的信息处理有很大的控制权，所以此处指有意识地处理信息。故选B项。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们沉迷于谈论琐碎的事情甚至有害的信息，宝贵的时间和精力就会浪费掉。A. health健康；B. wealth财富；C. power权力；D. energy精力。根据下文“Meanwhile this can make us and others anxious. You may lose opportunities to absorb and distribute information that is truly useful for ____5____ in this troubled world.”可知，此处指如果我们一味地谈论微小的事情，甚至有害的信息可能会浪费宝贵的时间和精力。故选D项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可能会失去吸收和传播信息的机会，而这些信息对于在这个混乱的世界中生存是真正有用的。A. expanding扩大；B. surviving生存；C. stretching拉伸；D. bearing承受。根据上文“We might say, then, that survival in the information Age is a challenging yet ____2____ task.”可知，在信息时代生存是一项具有挑战性但却有回报的任务，所以此处指可能会失去吸收和传播真正有助于生存信息的机会。故选B项。
66．考查副词词义辨析。句意：通过阅读收集的信息是有意识地处理的，因此需要最长的时间。A. hence因此；B. however然而；C. still还；D. yet然而。根据空前 “Information gathered by reading is processed consciously ”以及空后“takes longest”可知，上下文句意是因果关系，通过阅读收集的信息是有意识地处理的，因此需要花费最长的时间。故选A项。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：书面文字仍然是激发想象力、传达信息、思想和概念的最有力的方式。A.cooperating配合；B.finding发现；C.stimulating激发；D.removing移除。根据空前“The written word is still the most powerful way of”以及空后“imagination and conveying information, ideas, and concept.”可知，此处指书面文字仍然是激发想象力、传达信息、想法和概念的最有力方式。故选C项。
68．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们如何处理来自各种来源的信息，比如阅读材料、电视节目、电脑游戏和其他娱乐活动？答案是筛选。A. think of想起，认为；B. deal with处理，强调处理的方式，常与how连用；C.do with处理，强调处理的对象，常与what连用；D. rule over统治。根据空前“How can we”以及空后“so much information from various sources, such as reading material, TV program, computer games, and other  ____9____  activities?”可知，此处强调处理信息的方式。故选B项。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们如何处理来自各种来源的信息，比如阅读材料、电视节目、电脑游戏和其他娱乐活动？答案是筛选。A. considerate考虑周到的；B. professional职业的；C. humorous幽默的；D. recreational娱乐的。根据空后“such as reading material, TV program, computer games, and other”以及空后“activities?”可知，此处列举了各种信息的来源，包括阅读材料、电视节目、电脑游戏和其他娱乐活动。故选D项。
70．考查动词短语辨析。句意：筛选、整理或优先考虑我们需要听、看、说或读的东西，可能会消除很多信息焦虑。A. get rid of消除；B. bring about引起；C. break into闯入；D. come to总共；达到。根据第一段“All information makes us anxious.”可知，所有的信息都让我们焦虑，所以此处指筛选、整理或优先考虑我们需要听、看、说或读的内容，这样可能会消除很多信息焦虑。故选A项。
71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：要想消除令人困惑的信息，请遵循以下基本原则：保持简单！处理信息的秘密在于缩小你的信息范围。A. catch接住；B. apply遵循，实施；C. abandon放弃；D. offer提供。根据该空后“this basic rule: keep it simple!”可知，此处指遵循实施以下基本原则。故选B项。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：处理信息的秘密在于缩小你的信息领域。A. rank等级；B. limit限度；C. field领域；D. lane小路。根据上文“keep it simple!”可知，要想消除令人困惑的信息，就要保持简约，推知此处指缩小信息领域。故选C项。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多亚洲文化中，简约是被推荐的，甚至在西方文化中被认为是一种优越的生活方式。A. received收到；B. supplied提供；C. labeled标记；D. recommended推荐。根据下文“in many Asian cultures and is even recognized in Western cultures as a superior way of living.”可知，简约在西方文化中被认为是一种优越的生活方式，与上文构成递进关系，所以可推知，在许多亚洲文化中，简约是被推荐的。故选D项。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作家Duane Elgin说，“生活得更简单就是生活得更有目的性，尽量减少不必要的分心。”A. opposed反对；B. stated声明，说；C. declined拒绝；D. offered提供。根据下文““To live more simply is to live more purposefully and with a ____15____ of needless distraction.””可知下文直接引用了作家Duane Elgin说的话。故选B项。
75．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作家Duane Elgin说，“生活得更简单就是生活得更有目的性，把不必要的干扰减到最低限度。A. minimum最低限度；B. maximum最大限度；C. quantity数量；大量；D. presence在场。根据该句中的“To live more simply is to live more purposefully…”可知，生活得更简单就是生活得更有目的性，所以此处指把不必要的干扰减到最低限度。故选A项。

76．B 77．C 78．D 79．C 80．A 81．B 82．A 83．D 84．C 85．D 86．B 87．A 88．C 89．D 90．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。人们正在寻找减少碳足迹的方法。对于那些关心自己健康和地球福祉的人来说，购买对环境负责的财产是一项良好的投资。基于这一趋势，被称为生态社区的整个地区的设计都考虑到了绿色。不列颠哥伦比亚省维多利亚的Dockside Green就是其中之一。Dockside Green强调绿色能源和能源效率的重要性。
76．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：对于那些关心自己的健康和地球福祉的人来说，购买对环境负责的房产是一项很好的投资。A. frightened of害怕……；B. concerned about担心，关心；C. linked with与……有关；D. fed up with及厌恶的，受够了的。根据“Purchasing property that is environmentally responsible”可知，购买对环境负责的房产是那些关心自己健康和地球福祉的人做的事。故选B。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：基于这一趋势，整个被称为生态社区的地区都在设计中以环保为重点。A. symbol象征；B. talent才能，天赋；C. focus焦点，重点；D. trust信任。根据“Purchasing property that is environmentally responsible is a good investment for those who are 　　1　　 their own health and the well-being of the earth.”可知，基于这一趋势，社区的涉及通常以环保为重点。故选C。
78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果一切按计划进行，Dockside Green将成为不列颠哥伦比亚省首府海港附近的一个自给自足的社区。A. intelligent智慧的；B. strange奇怪的，陌生的；C. dizzy眩晕的；D. self-sufficient自给自足的。根据下文“T residential, office, and retail space.”可知，该社区各种设施配备齐全，将会是一个自给自足的社区。故选D。
79．考查动词短语辨析。句意：该社区将容纳2500人，包括住宅、办公和零售空间。A. take in吸收，欺骗；B. depend on依靠，依赖；C. consist of由……组成；D. make up for弥补。根据“residential, office, and retail space.”可知，该社区是由住宅、办公和零售空间组成。故选C。
80．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：建筑材料，如油漆和木材，都是天然无毒的。A. natural自然的，天然的；B. mixed混合的；C. sealed密封的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据“and non-poisonous”推知，建筑材料是天然的。故选A。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：具有环保意识的建筑商尽可能使用竹子，因为竹子生长迅速，不需要杀虫剂。A. livestock牲口；B. pesticides杀虫剂；C. paperwork文书工作；D. vehicle车辆。根据“Eco-conscious builders”和常识可知，竹子生长快速且不需要杀虫剂。故选B。
82．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能源效率是生态社区最关注的问题之一，比如Dockside Green。A. top最高的，首要的；B. stressful有压力的；C. minimum最小的；D. limited有限的。根据下文“Dockside Green claims that home owners will use 55% less energy than average residents in Canada.”推知，能源效率是生态社区关注的首要问题之一。故选A。
83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：节能电器和灯具不仅减少了供暖和热水对环境的影响，还为居民和企业主节省了金钱。A. convenience便利；B. achievement成就；C. charity慈善；D. impact影响。根据“energy efficient appliances and light fixtures”可知，节能电器和灯具减少了对环境 影响。故选D。
84．考查连词词义辨析。句意：居民将有个人水表，因为研究表明，如果按用水量计费，人们的用电量将减少20%左右。A. for fear that唯恐；B. so that以便，因此；C. as因为，随着，当，尽管；D. though尽管，即使。根据句意可知，上下文是因果关系，应用as引导。故选C。
85．考查短语和副词词义辨析。句意：此外，水在Dockside Green进行处理，并在现场重新用于冲厕所。A. In all总共；B. In particular尤其；C. Therefore因此；D. In addition此外。上文提到了通过安装个人水表，来减少水和电的使用，此处也陈述节约用水的问题，因此是对上文的补充说明，用in addition符合语境。故选D。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dockside Green等生态社区的规划者必须考虑到未来。A. profit利润；B. future未来；C. traffic交通；D. media媒体。根据下文“Dockside Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste. They also plan to continue using local suppliers for all of their transport and maintenance needs.”的plans to可知，此处是指规划者必须考虑到社区的将来。故选B。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个减少排放的好方法。A. emissions排放；B. disagreements分歧；C. unemployment失业；D. disease疾病。根据上文“They also plan to continue using local suppliers for all of their transport and maintenance needs.”可知，使用当地供应商来满足他们所有的运输和维护需求这种办法能够减少排放。故选A。
88．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，使用可再生能源代替化石燃料的高科技供暖系统正在计划中。A. less较少的；B. man-made人造的；C. renewable可再生的；D. various各种各样的。呼应后文“instead of fossil fuels”此处是指使用可再生的能源。故选C。
89．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Dockside Green居民将受益于优质的当地服务，包括社区中心的高质量医疗保健、购物和教育，以及优秀的娱乐设施和丰富的绿色开放空间。A. result from起因于；B. apply for申请；C. contribute to导致；D. benefit from受益于。根据“excellent local services with high quality healthcare, shopping and education at the heart of the community, along with excellent recreation facilities and plentiful green open spaces.”推知，居民将从这些服务中受益。故选D。
90．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：The Eco-Community将提倡使用本地生产的商品和服务;它们将成为理想的居住地，促进切实的公民自豪感、责任感，以及顾名思义的社区意识。A. desirable令人象往的；B. reliable可靠的；C. recyclable可循环的；D. imaginary想象的。基于14小题的分析可知这个生态社区有优质的服务，并提倡使用本地生产的商品和服务，由此可知，它会是一个令人向往的居住地。故选A。

91．D 92．A 93．A 94．B 95．C 96．A 97．C 98．D 99．D 100．A 101．B 102．C 103．B 104．C 105．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了寻求并行答案这一思维策略。
91．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但让我给你一个修正版：即使你成功了，也要一次又一次地尝试。A. suggestion建议；B. promotion促进；C. recommendation推荐；D. modification修改，改进。根据上文“Good advice, up to a point”可知，作者认为“If at first you don’t succeed, try, try again.”这句谚语有不完美之处，所以他给出自己修正后的说法“even when you do succeed, try, try again.”。故选D项。
92．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们建议问一个常规问题，比如“举一个你在工作中解决困难挑战的例子。”A. routine常规的，例行的；B. academic学业的，学术的；C. personal个人的，私人的；D. controversial有争议的。根据下文“give me an example of when you resolved a difficult challenge at work.”可知，这是一个面试中的常规问题。故选A项。
93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在提前准备的答案很快给出来后，面试者必须开始即兴发挥，深入挖掘——或者承认自己被难住了。A. presented展示，陈述；B. exhausted使精疲力尽；C. challenged挑战；D. accepted接受。上文提到问面试者一个常规问题，结合常识和句中“pat answers”可知，面试者会陈述出自己准备好的答案。故选A项。
94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这种策略的一种说法是，面试官是在寻求并行答案，而不是寻求系列答案。A. style方式，作风；B. parallel相似的手法；C. detail细节；D. privacy隐私。根据下文“the interviewer is asking for 17 different answers to the same question.”和最后一段中“Perhaps we should try producing answers in parallel more often.”可知，面试官是在寻求并行答案，answers in parallel是原词复现。故选B项。
95．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这种方法在工作面试中并不常见，但设计师却经常使用。A. fundamental根本的；B. flexible灵活的；C. unconventional非常规的；D. practical实际的。根据从属连词“While”可知，主从句有转折对比关系，主句“it is common practice among designers.”说这是设计师的普遍做法，所以从句中是：这种方法在工作面试中是非常规的，并不常见。故选C项。
96．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常会针对一个特定的任务做出不同的尝试，而不是立即专注于一个似乎是最好的想法。A. distinct不同的；B. determined下定决心的；C. deliberate故意的；D. vain虚荣的。根据下文“rather than immediately focusing on what seems to be the best idea.”可推知，这种方法不是专注于一个想法，而是做出不同的尝试。故选A项。
97．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这样做的过程中，设计师迫使自己探索各种可能性，以避免过早地专注于一个看似有吸引力但最终可能是死胡同的想法，进而避开风险。A. dismiss开除，解雇；B. restrict限制，控制；C. explore探索；D. overlook忽视，忽略。根据上文“They often produce several 　6 　 attempts to meet a given brief, rather than immediately focusing on what seems to be the best idea.”可知，这种方法不是专注于一个想法，而是做出不同的尝试，所以设计师们会探索各种可能性。故选C项。
98．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这样做的过程中，设计师迫使自己探索各种可能性，以避免过早地专注于一个看似有吸引力但最终可能是死胡同的想法，进而避开风险。A. inevitably不可避免地；B. accidentally意外地；C. theoretically理论地；D. eventually最终，结果。对应句中“too early”，过早专注于一个看似有吸引力的想法，但最后发现是死胡同。故选D项。
99．考查动词短语辨析。句意：微软正在寻找一个机会来展示当时计算机的音频功能，所以它委托了著名的音乐制作人布莱恩·伊诺来做这件事。A. scale up增加；B. figure out算出；C. experiment on对……进行实验；D. show off展示，炫耀。根据上文“the Windows 95 startup sound.”和下文“Eno recalls receiving a brief, asking for music that was “inspirational, sexy, driving, provocative, nostalgic... there were about 150 　10 　 ”可推知，微软想通过Windows 95启动的声音来展示计算机的音频功能。故选D项。
100．考查名词词义辨析。句意：伊诺回忆说，他收到了一份任务简介，要求音乐“鼓舞人心、性感、动人、挑衅、怀旧……大约有150个形容词。然后在底部写着，‘长度不超过3.8秒'。”。A. adjectives形容词；B. statements声明，报告；C. variables变量；D. copyrights版权。根据句中“inspirational, sexy, driving, provocative, nostalgic...”可知，任务简介中用了150个形容词来描述需要的声音。故选A项。
101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他创作了80多首小曲子。A. purchased购买；B. composed创作，作曲；C. performed执行，表演；D. appreciated感激。根据上文“the famed music producer Brian Eno to do so.”可知，伊诺是音乐制作人，所以他创作了80多首小曲子。故选B项。
102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在接受《旧金山纪事报》采访时表示：“这真的打破了我工作中的僵局。”A. exhibited展出；B. created创造；C. broke打破；D. underestimated低估。根据上文“liberate Eno”可知，一个音乐拍号解放了伊诺，这也打破了他工作中的僵局。故选C项。
103．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这通常是一个简单的想象行为，但让任务变得痛苦的是接下来的事情：伯内特和埃文斯要求你再做一次，只是这一次你要作一个完全不同的预测。A. aggressiveness攻击性；B. imagination想像力，想像；C. wisdom智慧，才智；D. will意志，决心。根据上文“What will you be doing? Where will you live and with whom? Are you hoping to run a marathon? Start a business? Write a novel?”可知，这些问题都是对未来生活的预测，凭借的是想象力。故选B项。
104．考查名词词义辨析。句意：强迫自己重新开始，不只是第二次，而是第三次。A. dart飞镖；B. score得分，比分；C. drawing图画；D. notice注意。根据上文“Burnett and Evans ask you to do it again”可知，伯内特和埃文斯会要求你重新做一次，go back to the drawing board是习语，意思是“从头开始”，符合语境。故选C项。
105．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都有很多追求的目标。A. emotions情绪；B. ambitions追求的目标，雄心；C. desires欲望；D. multitudes民众。根据倒数第四段中“Bill Burnett and Dave Evans, in their delightful book Designing Your Life, suggest an exercise in which you sketch out a vision for the next five years of your life.”和倒数第三段“Burnett and Evans ask you to do it again,”可知，伯内特和埃文斯要人们反复寻找的答案是：自己未来五年的生活愿景，结合倒数第二段中“And then, sooner or later, the ideas start pouring out”可知，到最后，各种想法都会涌现出来，说明每个人都有很多追求的目标，只是不愿意表露出来。故选B项。

106．B 107．D 108．B 109．A 110．D 111．A 112．C 113．C 114．B 115．A 116．D 117．D 118．B 119．C 120．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了瓦努阿图聋人社区推动国家手语发展的故事。
106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我让每个人叫我的名字，看看我是否能听到他们的声音——就在那时，我意识到我的两只耳朵都失去了听力。A. enhanced提高；B. lost丢失；失去；C. developed发展；D. disabled使残疾。由下文“The illness that took his hearing has never been clearly explained to Bule by a doctor.”可知，医生无法解释Blue听力丧失的原因，由此可知，此处指Blue失去了听力，故选B。
107．考查短语词义辨析。句意：但是在14岁的时候，由于没有机会使用手语或得到残疾支持，他离开了学校，尽管他梦想有一天能成为一名飞行员或工程师。A. independence of……的独立；B. treatment for治疗……；C. impact on影响……；D. access to接近；通向……的入口；有权使用。由下文“sign language or disability support, he left school, despite dreaming of one day becoming a pilot or an engineer.”可知，Blue没有机会使用手语，且未得到残疾支持，所以他离开了学校。故选D。
108．考查短语词义辨析。句意：Blue的故事对太平洋国家瓦努阿图的许多聋人社区来说都很熟悉。A. appealing to吸引；B. familiar to为……熟悉；C. distinct from与……不同；D. due to由于。由下文“With no national sign language, most people have to__4___their own ways to communicate. Some use signs they’ve developed with their families and communities, but then ___5___to communicate outside this group. Others, like Bule, rely largely on lip-reading to”可知，大部分人都自己发明了与家人和社区的人交流的方法，因此他的故事和大多数瓦努阿图的聋人一样，即是个熟悉的故事。故选B。
109．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有国家手语，大多数人不得不发明自己的交流方式。A. invent发明；B. perform表演；C. enhance提高；D. abandon遗弃。由下文“Some use signs they’ve developed with their families and communities,”可知，此处指没有国家手语大部分丧失听力的人不得不发明自己的交流方式，故选A。
110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人使用他们与家人和社区发展起来的手势，但是在这个群体之外却很难交流。A. manage管理；B. resolve解决；C. deserve值得；D. struggle挣扎。由but可知，上下文是转折关系，一些人虽发明了一些和自己家人以及社区的人交流的方法，但是和外界人就很难交流，struggle to do意为“挣扎着做某事”，此处引申为“难以做某事”，故选D。
111．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：其他人，比如Blue，主要依靠读唇来过活。A. get by过活；维持生计；B. back up支持；C. settle down定居；D. take over接管。由上文“Others, like Bule, rely largely on lip-reading to”可知，Blue只能通过读嘴唇来和别人交流来维持日常生活，故选A。
112．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在瓦努阿图经常发生的自然灾害中，这个群体也更容易受到伤害。A. plausible似乎是真的；B. distracted分心的；C. vulnerable虚弱的；易受伤害的；D. regretful后悔的。由下文“during natural disasters, frequent in Vanuatu”可知，丧失听力的人在自然灾害来临时，听不见声音，因而更容易受到伤害，故选C。
113．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，人们正在寻求创造一种官方语言，希望改变太平洋国家有听力障碍的一些社区里人们的生活。A. creating创造；B. conveying表达；C. changing改变；D. combining结合。由上文“Thus people are seeking to create an official language in the hope of”可知，人们正在试图创造官方手语，这是希望改变有听力障碍人们的生活，故选C。
114．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时政府也希望解决这个问题。A. Therefore因此；B. Meanwhile同时；C. However然而；D. Nevertheless然而。由上文“Disability advocates say this leaves the deaf community unable to participate fully in society... Thus people are seeking to create an official language”和下文“the government hopes to fix this too.”可知，残疾人权利倡导者要为有听力障碍的人创造官方语言，与此同时，政府也希望为有听力障碍的人做一些事，故选B。
115．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该倡议由全球教育合作伙伴和世界银行资助，官员们在全国各地收集聋人的手语，拍摄聋人用不同的语言签名，这些语言将被上传到一个手语词典软件程序中，并转化为一种全国性的手语。A. officials官员；B. netizens网民；C. soldiers士兵；D. therapists治疗专家。由上文“the government hopes to fix this too. It is currently developing a national sign language, to be called Storian wetem han, or “using hands to communicate”.”可知，此处指政府正在开发国家手语Storian wetem han，该倡议是由政府开发的，所以应该是政府派出官员出去收集资料，故选A。
116．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该倡议由全球教育合作伙伴和世界银行资助，官员们在全国各地收集聋人的手语，拍摄聋人用不同的语言签名，这些语言将被上传到一个手语词典软件程序中，并转化为一种全国性的手语。A. delivered发表；运送；B. downloaded下载；C. filtered过滤；D. uploaded上传。由下文“to a sign language dictionary software program and turned into a national sign language.”可知，先将收集到的语言上传到一个手语字典软件程序中，然后才能将其转化为全国性的手语。故选D。
117．考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：一旦发展起来，瓦努阿图将加入斐济、基里巴斯、萨摩亚和所罗门群岛，成为拥有国家手语的太平洋国家，尽管目前巴布亚新几内亚是唯一一个其手语奥斯兰-巴布亚新几内亚手语被官方承认为国家语言的国家。A. exposed暴露的；B. targeted定向的；C. considered深思熟虑的；D. recognised认可的。由上文“officially”可知，此处指奥斯兰-巴布亚新几内亚手语是巴布亚新几内国家官方认可的手语，故选D。
118．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：政府希望到2024年，Storian Wetem Han手语能够在全国范围内全面推广。A. referred to指的是；B. rolled out推出；开展；展开；C. deprived of剥夺；D. drunk to为……干杯。由下文“fully across the country in 2024”可知，政府希望其创造的手语——Storian Wetem Han在2024年在全国范围内得到推广，故选B。
119．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，瓦努阿图残疾人协会的现场官员Arthur Simrai说，许多听力丧失的人偶尔认不出他们看到的手语。A. remember记住；B. collect收集；C. recognise认出；识别出；D. film录制，拍摄电影。由下文“Most of the people who can’t hear, they don’t know the sign language on the screen”可知，许多听力丧失的人有时候是认不出他们看到的手语。故选C。
120．考查名词词义辨析。句意：西姆雷表示，如果瓦努阿图能够成功地使用本国的手语，那么全国各地聋人的生活将发生巨大变化。A. copy副本；B. mess一团糟；C. success成功；D. series系列。由下文“it would make an enormous difference to the lives of people who are deaf across the country.”可知，如果瓦努阿图能够成功地使用本国的手语，那么全国各地聋人的生活将发生巨大变化，make a success of意为“在……方面取得成功”，故选C。

121．A 122．C 123．A 124．B 125．B 126．A 127．C 128．C 129．B 130．C 131．B 132．D 133．C 134．B 135．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章分析外卖员快速行驶，闯红灯等的现象，呼吁外卖公司和顾客多站在他们安全角度，做些措施减少他们压力。
121．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我敢肯定，我们都曾一度踏入人行横道，经历过这种突如其来的、令人心跳停止的恐惧。A. fright惊吓；B. delight喜悦；C. pain疼痛；D. sorrow悲伤。由前文“heart-stopping”以及语境可知，突如其来的车是一个让人停止心跳的“惊吓”。故选A项。
122．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我指的是外卖员匆匆穿过十字路口，送外卖。A. running跑；B. walking走；C. rushing冲；D. wandering徘徊。由前文“a flash of color whizzing past”可知，外卖员是匆匆地“冲”过十字路口。故选C项。
123．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去几年中，外卖员因违反中国各地的交通法规而受到批评、罚款，甚至被捕。A. arrested逮捕；B. fired解雇；C. blamed指责；D. praised称赞。由后文 “breaking traffic laws”可知，违反法律，所以他们可能被“逮捕”。故选A项。
124．考查动词词义辨析。句意：外卖员常常无视红灯，无视速度限制，也很少注意人行横道。A. destroy摧毁；B. ignore忽略；C. observe观察；D. interrupt打断。由前文“breaking traffic laws ”可知，他们可能“忽略”红灯而直接闯过去。故选B项。
125．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们也经常付出巨大的代价——每年，外卖员的致命伤害似乎都在增加。A. everlasting永远的；B. dramatic戏剧性的，巨大的；C. slight轻微的；D. final最终的。由后文“it seems like fatal injuries involving delivery drivers are increasing”可知，这代价是“巨大的”。故选B项。
126．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于外卖员的工资通常很低，他们真的应该为争分夺秒而受到多少责备？A. However然而；B. Namely即,也就是；C. Indeed的确；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。由后文“how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock?”以及后文语境可知，虽然外卖员做了很多不顾自己和路人安全的事，“然而”，这并不完全是他们的责任。故选A项。
127．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这结果是一个复杂的问题。A. decides决定；B. refuses拒绝；C. turns out结果是；D. takes turns轮流进行。由前文“how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock?”可知，针对这个问题，研究表明这“结果是”复杂问题。故选C项。
128．考查名词词义辨析。句意：文章称，外卖服务饿了么和美团之间的竞争导致每一款应用都采取了越来越极端的措施来超越其他应用。A. comparison.比较；B. contrast对比；C. competition竞争；D. cooperation合作。由后文“take increasingly extreme measures to out-do the other”可知，是“竞争”导致外卖平台不断想超越对方。故选C项。
129．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这在一定程度上是通过对提前交付的奖励和对延迟交付的严厉惩罚相结合的方式实现的。A. adapted.改编；B. achieved实现；C. adopted采用；D. assumed假定。由前文“This has included the shortening of delivery time windows.”以及语境可知，根据外卖员现状来看，通过压迫外卖员而缩短送货时间这目的是“实现”了的。故选B项。
130．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，这些平台只会增加驾驶员的压力。A. motivations动机；B. advantages优点；C. pressures压力；D. skills技能。由前文“This has included the shortening of delivery time windows.”可知，平台把“压力”施加给外卖员了。故选C项。
131．考查代词词义辨析。句意：根据网上的调查和反应，很少有人关心他们的送货是否晚了几分钟，而大多数人认为这不值得冒生命危险。A. some一些；B. few很少；C. many许多；D. we我们。由后文“while most believe that it is not worth risking someone’s life for.”以及其中while表转折可知，“很少”顾客在意晚几分钟。故选B项。
132．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，饿了么和美团增加了一系列特点，以延长慢电梯或恶劣天气条件下的交付时间。A. reduce减少；B. expand展开；C. narrow 使...变窄；D. extend延长。由“ In response”可知，外卖平台也采取了措施改善外卖员现状，比如特殊情况“延长”配送时间。故选D项。
133．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管这些新特点不能解决激烈竞争的潜在问题或驾驶的固有危险，但在某种程度上，它们应该开始减轻外卖员的一些压力。A. actions行动；B. behaviors行为；C. features特征，特点；D. conditions条件。由上文“Ele.me and Meituan have added a combination of features”可知，这里指上面的这些新“特点”。故选C项。
134．考查介词词组辨析。句意：与此同时，作为消费者，我们可以帮助外卖骑手的生活更安全、更轻松。A. humans人类；B. consumers消费者；C. friends朋友；D. taxpayers纳税人。由后文“deliver our food”可知，这里作者讲我们作为“消费者”应该怎么做。故选B项。
135．考查词义辨析。句意：例如，做一个体贴的人，不要让他们等太久。A. In one word总之；B. As a result因此；C. For example例如；D. On the contrary相反地。由后文“ be a considerate person and don’t leave them waiting for too long. ”可知，作者这里在“举例”说明我们作为消费者可以做什么事减少外卖员压力。故选C项。

136．B 137．D 138．D 139．C 140．C 141．A 142．D 143．B 144．A 145．A 146．C 147．A 148．B 149．B 150．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在29岁截肢后所经历的事情以及自己的心路历程，自己用积极的态度对待人生，说明了残疾人也可以有多彩的生活。
136．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的生活变得不同了，因为我从一个可以接受的迷人的女人变成了一个怜悯和恐惧的对象。A. comfort舒服；舒适；B. fear害怕；畏惧；C. hatred仇恨；憎恨；D. sadness伤心。根据空前“When I became an amputee (截肢患者) at age 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became different, as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity”可知我成为了一位截肢患者，所以可以推断我一定会成为别人怜悯和害怕的对象。故选B项。
137．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我忙于应付身体上的疼痛和明显的行动不便，一开始并没有意识到这个变化。A. crying with为……哭泣；B. figuring out解决；算出；C. holding back隐瞒；阻止；D. dealing with处理；应对。根据空后“physical pain and obvious mobility limitation,”以及“I was determined to ___3___ , feeling good about the progress I had made, as I moved forward.”可以推断作者截肢以后一定会有身体上的各种不便要去应对。故选D项。
138．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决心要成功，在前进的过程中，我为自己取得的进步感到高兴。A. endure忍耐；忍耐；B. quit停止；戒掉；C. revenge复仇；报复；D. succeed成功。根据空前“Too busy ___2___ physical pain and obvious mobility limitation, I was not aware of this change at first.”以及空后“feeling good about the progress I had made, as I moved forward.”可知作者决心要战胜自己身体的残疾，即取得成功。故选D项。
139．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我第一次走出医院时，社会已经赋予了我一个新的身份。A. Instead代替；反而；B. Moreover而且；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。根据后文“Unfortunately, I had a rude ___6___ as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.”可知出院之后作者遇到的情况和自己最初想的情况有着明显的区别，前后含有转折的意味。故选C项。
140．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴摆脱了医院的限制，我——一个自豪的幸存者穿过购物中心，感觉自己像个战争英雄。A. calm镇静的；沉着的；B. poor贫穷的；不幸的；C. proud骄傲的；自豪的；D. rare稀有的；少见的。根据空前“Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital, I rolled through the shopping mall”以及空后“feeling like a war hero.”可知摆脱了医院的限制之后我觉得自己就像一个战斗英雄，可以推断作者是觉得很骄傲的。故选C项。
141．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸地是，我猛然醒悟，发现别人并不像我看待自己那样看待我。A. awakening觉醒；B. ending结局；C. happening事件；D. proceeding一连串的事件；活动过程。根据后文“All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to ___7___ my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs. Mothers ___8___ held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying, “God Bless You!” with ___9___ in their eyes.”可知当我出现在商场时，众人的反应与我最初的预料有着天壤之别，所以我在那一刻就醒悟了。故选A项。
142．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们努力避开我的眼睛，这让我意识到他们只看到了我失去的双腿。A. turn使旋转；B. hold抱住；拥有；C. catch抓住；接住；D. avoid避免。根据前文“All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact.”可知他们的眼睛都放在我身上，然而却没有人敢直视我的眼睛，所以此处应该是他们避免和我对视。故选D项。
143．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我经过时，母亲们保护性地把孩子抱得更紧。A. softly温柔地；B. protectively保护地；C. reluctantly不情愿地；D. pleasantly愉快地。根据空前“All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact.以及”空后“held their children closer as I passed.”可知为了防止我吓到她们的孩子，妈妈们选择保护性地将孩子们抱得更紧。故选B项。
144．考查名词词义辨析。句意：老妇人拍着我的头说：“上帝保佑你！”他们眼中流露出怜悯之情。A. pity遗憾；同情；B. anger愤怒；C. depression沮丧；抑郁；D. upset烦恼。根据前文““God Bless You!””可知老人们对于作者的遭遇表现出了他们的同情和怜悯。故选A项。
145．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她带着毫不尴尬的好奇盯着那条空空的裤管。A. curiosity好奇心；B. determination决心；C. enthusiasm热情；激情；D. satisfaction满意；满足。根据后文“Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, she innocently asked, “Lady, where did your legs go?””以及“To a child, an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity”可知对于我空空的裤管小姑娘很好奇。故选A项。
146．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我的腿不像她那样强壮健康，医生不得不把它们切除。A. lose失去；B. adjust调整；适应；C. remove移除；除去；D. stretch变大；拉长。根据前文“When I became an amputee (截肢患者) at age 29,”以及“I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadn’t been strong and healthy like hers,”可知作者的腿被切除了。故选C项。
147．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这件事让我思考了孩子和成年人对未知事物的不同反应。A. differently不同地；B. positively积极地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. sympathetically怜悯地。根据前文“All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to ___7___ my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs. Mothers ___8___ held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying, “God Bless You!” with ___9___ in their eyes.”以及“Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, she innocently asked, “Lady, where did your legs go?””以及“Leaning her head upwards, she asked, “Did they go to ‘Leg Heaven’?””可知成年人和孩子对于我的残疾的反应有着明显的不同。故选A项。
148．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对孩子来说，奇怪的外表是一种有趣的新奇的东西，也是一段潜在的学习经历，而成年人通常会以恐惧和憎恶来看待同样的事情。A. painful痛苦的；B. potential潜在的；C. similar相似的；D. common共同的；常见的。根据前文“Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, she innocently asked, “Lady, where did your legs go?””以及“Leaning her head upwards, she asked, “Did they go to ‘Leg Heaven’?””可知小姑娘围着我的残疾的腿问东问西，显然是将它当成了一个学习的机会。故选B项。
149．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到，在我知道截肢者的生活是什么样之前，我也曾因同样的不当反应而感到内疚。A. conscious有意识的；B. guilty愧疚的；有罪的；C. ignorant无知的；D. short短暂的。根据前文“My life became different, as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and ___1___ .”以及“while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror.”可知我自己以前的反应也是不合适的，我为此感到内疚。故选B项。
150．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过使用积极的方法，我试图让社会明白这样一个事实：拥有一个不那么完美的身体并不意味着生活质量差。A. creative有创造力的；B. flexible灵活的；C. positive积极的；乐观的；D. scientific科学的。根据前文“To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye contact, and speak in a confident manner.”可知我对生活的态度是积极的，乐观的。故选C项。