新高考适用2023版高考英语二轮总复习专题模拟训练阅读理解

这是一份新高考适用2023版高考英语二轮总复习专题模拟训练阅读理解，共36页。试卷主要包含了B．￡49，B．On Days 3—6，25B．$22等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题模拟训练(阅读理解)
细节理解类
A
(2022·河北省石家庄市一模)
Guided Tours in the British Museum
Around the world in 70 minutes tour
Explore some of the most famous objects on display at the Museum.See the details of the characterful Lewis Chessmen, surprise yourself at the ancient texts on the world-famous Rosetta Stone and get closer to more highlights from the collection.
Time：11:30—12:40, 13 Feb.2022—29 May 2022
Price: ￡14 (Adults and children aged 12＋)
Life and death in ancient Egypt
Discover how people lived and died in ancient Egypt, and explore their hopes for the afterlife.From statues and models of daily life to wall paintings, investigate what tombs and burial goods tell us about the lives of ancient Egyptians.
Time: 09:00—10:00, 13 Feb.2022—18 Dec.2022
Price: ￡33; ￡30 (students, disabled visitors); ￡16.50 (Ages 5—15 years); Free for under 5s
An introduction to China
Gain an insight into the development of Chinese history and culture from 5000 BC to the present day.Appreciate the exhibits featuring the Tang Dynasty tomb figures and the Ming Dynasty blue-and-white porcelain.
Time: 09:00—10:00, 19 Feb.2022—17 Dec.2022
Price: ￡33; ￡30 (students, disabled visitors); ￡16.50 (Ages 5—15 years); Free for under 5s
An introduction to ancient Greece
Start from the rise of the Greek city states to the empire of Alexander the Great.Enjoy some of the highlights of the collection, including sculptures from the Parthenon and the Mausoleum of Halikamassos, regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Time: 09:00—10:00, 24 Feb.2022—26 June 2022
Price: ￡33; ￡30 (students, disabled visitors); ￡16.50 (Ages 5—15 years); Free for under 5s
1．When can you see the Rosetta Stone？________
A．At 9:30, 15 Feb. B．At 11:30, 26 May.
C．At 12:00, 6 June. D．At 12:30, 17 Dec.
2．What can people do in the tour of Life and death in ancient Egypt？________
A．Explore ancient tombs and burial goods.
B．Witness the development of the country.
C．Visit most famous galleries of the country.
D．Appreciate sculptures from the Parthenon.
3．How much should a couple with a child aged 6 pay for An introduction to China？________
A．￡33. B．￡49.5.
C．￡66. D．￡82.5.
【语篇解读】　这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在大英博物馆旅行的项目以及时间和价格。
1．B　细节理解题。根据Around the world in 70 minutes tour部分“See the details of the characterful Lewis Chessmen, surprise yourself at the ancient texts on the world-famous Rosetta Stone and get closer to more highlights from the collection.(看看有个性的路易斯岛的棋子的细节，对世界著名的罗塞塔石碑的古代文献感到惊讶，并进一步了解该系列的更多亮点。)”以及“Time：11:30—12:40, 13 Feb.2022—29 May 2022(时间：2022年2月13日至2022年5月29日11:30—12:40)”并结合选项可知，你可以在5月26日11:30参观罗塞塔石碑。故选B。
2．A　细节理解题。根据Life and death in ancient Egypt部分“From statues and models of daily life to wall paintings, investigate what tombs and burial goods tell us about the lives of ancient Egyptians.(从日常生活的雕像和模型到壁画，调查坟墓和埋葬品告诉我们古埃及人的生活。)”可知，在Life and death in ancient Egypt人们可以探索古墓葬品。故选A。
3．D　细节理解题。根据An introduction to China部分“Price: ￡33; ￡30 (students, disabled visitors); ￡16.50 (Ages 5—15 years); Free for under 5s(价格：33英镑；30英镑(学生、残疾访客)；16.50英镑(5—15岁)；5岁以下免费)”可知，一对有6岁孩子的夫妇应付33＋33＋16.5，即82.5英镑。故选D。
B
(2022·海南省高三高考全真模拟卷一)
Imagine standing on one spot where the only direction is south.You can experience it if you join a group of just 128 passengers for your trip to the pole of the world.Your icebreaker ship, 50 Years of Victory, will take you to the North Pole, which is more commonly associated with fairy tales.
Days 1 & 2—From Helsinki to Murmansk
Your adventure begins from Helsinki, Finlandʼs capital.From Helsinki, youʼll join your fellow passengers on the flight to Murmansk, Russia, where youʼll start your voyage to the North Pole and get to know 50 Years of Victory.
Days 3—6—Travelling towards the north in the Arctic Ocean
Being on Victory and feeling the icebreaker as it cuts through the Arctic pack ice is an experience youʼll never forget.Youʼll have plenty of time to get to know your shipmates, and be treated to lectures and discussions about the trip by our expedition team while seeing various birds.There are other things you can do, such as playing basketball.
Days 7 & 8—90° North
Take photos, call your family and wave a flag; just be sure to enjoy your moment at the pole.If environmental conditions permit, you can jump into the icy waters around the North Pole.Weʼll also attempt to send passengers high above the pole in our hot-air balloon to celebrate this great moment (highly weather dependent).
Days 9 & 10—Getting off Victory in Murmansk and flying to Helsinki
When you return to Murmansk, it will be time to say goodbye to 50 Years of Victory.Youʼll be sent to the airport for your flight to Helsinki.
4．What will visitors do in Murmansk？________
A．Attend a lecture.
B．Go aboard a ship.
C．Meet with other tourists.
D．Learn about the North Pole.
5．What benefit can visitors get during Days 3—6？________
A．Tasting rich seafood.
B．Riding in a hot-air balloon.
C．Enlarging their knowledge.
D．Interacting with wild creatures.
6．When can visitors swim in the sea？________
A．On Days 1 & 2. B．On Days 3—6.
C．On Days 7 & 8. D．On Days 9 & 10.
【语篇解读】　本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个只有128人的旅行团乘坐破冰船去北极的旅游项目的日程安排。
4．B　细节理解题。根据Days 1 & 2—From Helsinki to Murmansk部分的“From Helsinki, youʼll join your fellow passengers on the flight to Murmansk, Russia, where youʼll start your voyage to the North Pole and get to know 50 Years of Victory.(从赫尔辛基出发，你将与其他乘客一起登上飞往俄罗斯摩尔曼斯克的航班，在那里你将开始你的北极航海之旅，并了解胜利50周年号破冰船。)”可知，游客会在摩尔曼斯克登船。故选B。
5．C　细节理解题。根据Days 3—6—Travelling towards the north in the Arctic Ocean部分的“Youʼll have plenty of time to get to know your shipmates, and be treated to lectures and discussions about the trip by our expedition team while seeing various birds.(你们将有足够的时间去认识你们的船友，还可以看到各种各样的鸟，听我们探险队的讲座，讨论这次旅行。)”可知，考察队会请你听讲座，讨论这次旅行，同时你还会看到各种各样的鸟，因此游客会扩大他们的知识面。故选C。
6．C　细节理解题。根据Days 7 & 8—90°North部分的“If environmental conditions permit, you can jump into the icy waters around the North Pole.(如果环境条件允许，你可以跳进北极附近的冰水中。)”可知，如果环境条件允许，你可以跳进北极周围冰冷的海水中游泳。故选C。
C
(2022·江苏省盐城市高三第三次模拟)
Warm Mineral Springs Park
Step into the past at the only natural warm spring in Florida! With a consistent average temperature of 85°F year round, Warm Mineral Springs Park provides visitors with a number of recreation options.The spring is reported to have one of the highest mineral contents of any natural spring in the United States.With highly mineralized properties, internationally known for its healing qualities, the park attracts more than 130,000 visitors annually.
At Warm Mineral Springs Park, you will find a day full of relaxation.A variety of spa services are available to those who book in advance by calling (941) 426-1692.An on-site gift shop offers diverse items and souvenirs for purchase.
Pricing
Tickets are not refundable, cannot be exchanged, and cannot be reissued if lost or stolen.Same day re-entry is permitted.Residents include all of Sarasota County.Proof of residency includes driverʼs license, water bill and tax bill.Entry pricing, including sales tax, is as follows：

Pass
Resident
Non-Resident
Adults (ages 18 and above)
$15
$20
Students (ages 6—17)
$11.25
$15
Children (ages 5 and younger)
FREE
FREE
Annual Pass
$1,125
$2,000
10 Visit Pass
$112.50
$150
30 Visit Pass
$150
$200
General Rules
To ensure a safe and enjoyable experience for all visitors, please respect the following rules：
◆Children 10 years and younger must stay in the childrenʼs area.
◆Children ages 11—16 must remain in the outer border.
◆You must be 17 years or older to swim in the middle.
◆No toys are allowed in the water.
◆No food or drinks in the water.
◆No visitors may block the entrance or exit ramps (坡道).
◆Devices for the producing or reproducing of sound are prohibited.
For Dally Programming, Contact: (941) 426-1692
Hours of Operation: Monday through Sunday 9 a．m. to 5 p．m.
Open every day, with the exception of December 25.
7．What makes Warm Mineral Springs Park unique in Florida？________
A．The natural spring.
B．The recreation options.
C．The average temperature.
D．The mineral contents.
8．A student aged 16 from Sarasota entered the park twice last Sunday, and he paid ________.
A．$11.25 B．$22.50
C．$15 D．$30
9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？________
A．Visitors can purchase souvenirs all year round.
B．The entrance or exit ramps arenʼt available to visitors.
C．Activity zones are separated according to the age of visitors.
D．Each visitor to the park can relax himself through spa services.
【语篇解读】　这是一篇应用文。主要从旅游项目、门票价格、旅游注意事项等方面对Warm Mineral Springs Park进行了相关介绍。
7．A　细节理解题。根据第一段“With highly mineralized properties, internationally known for its healing qualities, the park attracts more than 130,000 visitors annually.(高度矿化的特性，国际上都知道它的治疗作用，公园每年吸引超过13万的游客。)”可知，这个温泉公园凭借富含有治疗效果的矿物质的温泉而闻名，故选A。
8．A　细节理解题。根据Pricing部分中“Same day re-entry is permitted.Residents include all of Sarasota County.(允许当天再次进入，居民包括萨拉索塔县的所有人。)”同时结合表格中“Students (ages 6-17)”中当地居民票价$11.25，所以这个学生只需要买一次门票即可，故选A。
9．C　细节理解题。根据General Rules部分中“◆Children 10 years and younger must stay in the childrenʼs area.◆Children ages 11—16 must remain in the outer border.◆You must be 17 years or older to swim in the middle.(◆10岁及以下的儿童必须留在儿童区。◆11—16岁的儿童必须留在外部边界内。◆要想在中间游泳，你必须年满17岁。)”可知，不同年龄段的游客需要根据相关规定在对应的活动区域活动，故选C。
D
(2022·山东省聊城市高三第一次模拟考试)
The pursuit of happiness comes with the pursuit of a longer life.This can simply take place with some benefiting life changes like changing your diet.Limiting the intake of processed foods and red meat to be replaced by healthier choices like fruits and vegetables has been the way to go.
Eliminate Sugar
Start this journey by removing sugar from your daily diet.According to Dina Aronson, a dietician, this step is said to be centred on dietary analysis and health behaviour change.
Eat what you love
It is no news that eating fruits and vegetables are good for a healthy diet although they are not the most favourite.But for one to groom a healthy way of eating, you need to enjoy eating these healthy options.
Know what you eat
That occasional nibble (一小口) that we have learned to do is a killer when trying to eat right.This is done often without being aware of what we throw into our mouths.Awareness of what we eat becomes the top priority as the first step to eating right.Do not be in a hurry to be perfect but start small and this leads to healthy eating.
Meat Free
Another step that may be hard is to gradually go for plant based options or foods that are rich in grains.Whole grains help to increase the blood sugar in slow paces, thereby giving the brain the needed energy to make the day and controlling late-night eating.
10．What helps prolong your life according to the text？________
A．Taking in processed foods.
B．Pursuing life goals.
C．Having a good diet.
D．Only eating fruits and vegetables.
11．What comes before everything as the first step to eating properly？________
A．Behaving well.
B．Going all out to be perfect.
C．Taking occasional nibbles.
D．Knowing what you eat.
12．What is the advantage of whole grains？________
A．They can increase blood sugar slowly.
B．They can stimulate your appetite.
C．They can supply permanent power to brain.
D．They can cure some common diseases.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了有利于长寿的一些饮食习惯。
10．C　细节理解题。根据第一段“The pursuit of happiness comes with the pursuit of a longer life.This can simply take place with some benefiting life changes like changing your diet.Limiting the intake of processed foods and red meat to be replaced by healthier choices like fruits and vegetables has been the way to go.(对幸福的追求伴随着对长寿的追求。这可以通过一些有益的生活改变来实现，比如改变你的饮食。限制加工食品和红肉的摄入，用水果和蔬菜等更健康的选择来取代，这是可行的方法。)”可知，有良好的饮食习惯有助于延长你的寿命。故选C。
11．D　细节理解题。根据Know what you eat部分的“Awareness of what we eat becomes the top priority as the first step to eating right.(意识到我们吃什么成为了饮食正确的第一步的首要任务。)”可知，正确饮食的第一步是知道你吃什么。故选D。
12．A　细节理解题。根据Meat Free部分的“Whole grains help to increase the blood sugar in slow paces, thereby giving the brain the needed energy to make the day and controlling late-night eating.(全谷物有助于缓慢增加血糖，从而给大脑提供白天所需的能量，并控制深夜进食。)”可知，全谷物的好处是它们可以缓慢地增加血糖。故选A。
推理判断类
A
(2022·广东省广州市普通高中毕业班二模)
Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help—but then, so did Thoreau (梭罗) at Walden Pond (瓦尔登湖).
Walking in the same woods yesterday, I let myself wander at random, communing with nature.
I took in beautiful scenery near and far thanks to my progressive-lens eyeglasses.Occasionally Iʼd pull out my smartphone to take pictures on anything interesting.I recorded an inner monologue with a background of all sounds of the forest.At times, I consulted my smart watch to check on my heartbeat, mileage and calorie burn.Eventually I realized I was quite lost.Not a problem of course.Online maps came to my rescue.
But something bothered me.In what Iʼd intended as a nature experience, here I was using very high technology to help myself out.This insight triggered a reconsideration of everything that happened during my “nature walk”， which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way.Iʼd been functioning as a man-machine combination: a cyborg.
What would the true naturalist Thoreau think of that? My first thought was that heʼd be shocked.But later I did some research.Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered, like this eagle from his journal：
Lyingonthegroundwithmyglass, Icouldwatchhimveryeasily...tillIalmostlosthimintheclouds...IthinkIhavegottheworthofmyglassnowthatithasrevealedtomethewhite-headedeagle.
Famously, Thoreau always set out equipped with a walking stick, which he used not only for support but also to take measurements of water and snow levels.His hat was also a tool, which he called his “botany-box”．And he was prepared even with needles and thread, so when coming out of the woods, he was “the best dressed”．Clearly, Thoreau was a bit of a cyborg himself.
Thinking more deeply, I realized weʼve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on natureʼs gift.Cyborgs are us.
1．What is the purpose of the text？________
A．To recommend Thoreauʼs book Walden Pond.
B．To argue that humans have developed into cyborgs.
C．To share the reflections on manʼs reliance on nature.
D．To question whether people are technology-dependent.
2．Which picture best illustrates a cyborg in the authorʼs eye？________

3．Why does the author quote Thoreauʼs journal？________
A．To introduce a literary work on nature.
B．To explain how to prepare for a nature walk.
C．To prove that even naturalists use technology.
D．To describe the natural beauty Thoreau enjoyed.
4．What is the authorʼs attitude towards being a cyborg？________
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。作者通过分析我们人类对技术的依赖，并引用自然学家梭罗的事例，说明了我们人类已进化成半机械人。
1．B　推理判断题。根据第一段“Even when communing with nature we depend on technology for help—but then, so did Thoreau (梭罗) at Walden Pond (瓦尔登湖).(即使在与自然交流时，我们也依赖技术来帮助——但是，瓦尔登湖的梭罗也是如此。)”可知，我们都是依赖技术的，自然学家梭罗也是如此；再根据最后一段“Thinking more deeply, I realized weʼve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on natureʼs gift.Cyborgs are us.(更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们。)”可知，本文的目的是说明人类已经进化为半机械人。故选B。
2．C　推理判断题。根据第四段“This insight triggered a reconsideration of everything that happened during myʼnature walkʼ， which had been technologically enhanced every step of the way.Iʼd been functioning as a man-machine combination: a cyborg.(这一见解引发了我对“自然漫步”中发生的一切的重新思考，“自然漫步”的每一步都得到了技术的强化。我一直扮演着人机结合的角色：一个半机械人。)”可知，作者眼中的半机械人应该是人机结合，选项C的图片中既有人又有机器，符合题意。故选C。
3．C　推理判断题。根据第五段“But later I did some research.Thoreau enjoyed what his spyglass discovered, like this eagle from his journal(但后来我做了一些研究。梭罗喜欢望远镜的发现，就像日记里的这只鹰)”和第六段“IthinkIhavegottheworthofmyglassnowthatithasrevealedtomethewhite-headedeagle.(我想我已经得到了我的望远镜的价值，因为它让我看到了白头鹰。)”可知，自然学家梭罗是肯定了望远镜的作用，所以作者引用梭罗的日记是为了证明即使是自然学家也会使用科技。故选C。
4．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thinking more deeply, I realized weʼve come a long way from our hunter-gatherer ancestors, who walked from necessity and relied on natureʼs gift.Cyborgs are us.(更深入地思考，我意识到我们已经从狩猎采集的祖先那里走了很长一段路，他们从需要出发，依靠大自然的恩赐。半机械人就是我们。)”可知，作者对半机械化人的态度是赞成的。故选A。
B
(2022·湖北省八市高三一模)
If the West has the apple, the East has the king of fruits: the mighty mango.Called “aam” in Hindi, Urdu and Punjabi, this tropical fruit traces its origins to South Asia.Urdu and Hindi literature are filled with references to this fruit that once filled the kitchens and gardens of emperors.
Everyone is crazy about mangoes during the summer months in South Asia.City streets in India are lined with vendors(小贩) selling all varieties of mangoes.Young and old bargain for better prices, mangoes are sent as gifts, restaurants have special mango menu items and the fruit becomes a gesture of goodwill between India and Pakistan, with the choicest varieties sent across the border to celebrate each countryʼs independence days.
South Asians all over the world await mango season.South Asian stores receive shipments of the fruit, though they are limited in quality and quantity.Each year, I savor(品尝) my mangoes, though Iʼm saddened that popular varieties arenʼt easily available in Vancouver.
Mango memories take me back to the city I was born in: Rourkela in the eastern part of India.In late March, just as the days would start to become hot, I remember mango trees blooming with their fresh fragrance in the breeze as we biked to school.Come April, the trees would start bearing fruit.I remember the thrill of sneaking out to collect raw mangoes, climbing onto the roof of our quarters and eating them with pink salt and powdered red chilies (红辣椒粉) alongside my best friend.
Mango stories from my childhood are endless.But this summer in Vancouver, tired from the pandemic, I canʼt help but remember my sweet mango memories.I realize that I need to wander the streets of my home country, to feel the intense heat of the summer months and soak in the country of my birth.
Instead, I am in a semi-lockdown state savoring mangoes, enjoying those I can find in Canada but missing the Indian varieties.This year, the mighty mango has become a symbol of the sense of loss that each one of us is feeling.
5．What do we know about the mangoes in South Asia？________
A．They are very cheap in summer in India.
B．They are a symbol of independence in India.
C．In Pakistan, they are mainly grown on the borders.
D．The fruit is regarded as a kind gesture between India and Pakistan.
6．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about？________
A．The growth stages of mangoes.
B．The reasons for the authorʼs preference for mangoes.
C．The authorʼs mango memories back in his(her) home country.
D．The favorable seasons to grow mangoes.
7．Whatʼs the authorʼs purpose in writing this article？________
A．To explain why mangoes are the king of fruits in the East.
B．To recall his mango memories and express his homesickness.
C．To analyze the negative impact of the pandemic.
D．To share his experience in Canada.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？________
A．Mango Memories
B．The King of Fruits in the East
C．My Affection for My Motherland
D．The Different Tastes of Mangoes
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章，唤起对芒果的回忆，表达回家的渴望。
5．D　细节理解题。根据第二段“the fruit becomes a gesture of goodwill between India and Pakistan(这种水果成为印度和巴基斯坦之间的友好姿态)”可知，芒果被认为印度和巴基斯坦之间友好的一种姿态。故选D。
6．C　主旨大意题。根据第四段“Mango memories take me back to the city I was born in: Rourkela in the eastern part of India.(芒果的记忆带我回到我出生的城市：印度东部的鲁尔凯拉。)”可知，对芒果的回忆将作者带回到出生的那个国家。故选C。
7．B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Mango stories from my childhood are endless.(我童年的芒果故事无穷无尽。)”和“I realize that I need to wander the streets of my home country, to feel the intense heat of the summer months and soak in the country of my birth.(我意识到我需要在祖国的街道上漫步，感受夏日的酷热，沉浸在我出生的国家。)”以及最后一段“This year, the mighty mango has become a symbol of the sense of loss that each one of us is feeling.(今年，强大的芒果已经成为我们每个人都感受到的失落感的象征。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的意图是唤起对芒果的回忆，表达对家乡的思念。故选B。
8．A　标题归纳题。根据第四段“Mango memories take me back to the city I was born in: Rourkela in the eastern part of India.(芒果的记忆带我回到我出生的城市：印度东部的鲁尔凯拉。)”可知，作者主要写对芒果的回忆，表达思乡之情。因此A.Mango Memories(芒果的记忆)可以概括全文大意，适合作标题。故选A。
C
(2022·山东省烟台市、德州市高三一模)
As the new year approaches, crowds around the world may be expecting whizzes and bangs to light up the sky.The appeal of fireworks could fizzle out with the growing use of drones (无人机) for light shows, though.
Ollie Howitt, a leader of SkyMagic, which used a team of 300 drones to create a display for Londonʼs new year celebration last year, said demand had increased substantially.“We do think itʼs going to be something thatʼs ever catching on, as opposed to it being a short-lived sort of fashion people have suddenly got interested in.Drones are reusable and thereʼs no fallout.In that sense theyʼre a very good, sustainable option，” she said.
But not everyone agrees.A spokesperson from the British Fireworks Association said drones could also pose environmental problems.“Suggestions are that drones have less of an impact on the environment, but we have serious concerns about electrical demand and use of lithium batteries which are known not to be all thatʼgreenʼ，” they said.
An RSPCA spokesperson said that while drones were a possible idea to try to reduce the impact of displays on animals, there were downsides.“Drones are not without their own negative issues such as scaring horses or crashing into birds, and can cause disturbance to animals and members of the public.Itʼs therefore important for their effects to be fully considered and measures taken to minimize the chance of accidents，” they said.
Some express the opinion that the use of fireworks and drones donʼt exclude each other.The sight, sound and gunpowder smell of fireworks will always provide its own unique thrill.
“We find fireworks work really well when teamed up with drones.But we donʼt really see it as a one-replacing-the-other at all.We feel as if itʼs just another tool in the chest for how you enliven the sky and what you want to do with the show youʼre putting on，” said Howitt, noting that while fireworks give a loud, emotive, big performance, drones offer the chance to tell stories in the sky by using a series of images.
9．What does the underlined phrase “fizzle out” in Paragraph 1 mean？________
A．Catch on.
B．Wind up.
C．Create an impact.
D．Make a comeback.
10．What does Howitt think about a drone display in Paragraph 2？________
A．Itʼs definitely an upward trend.
B．Itʼll get us to reflect on energy crisis.
C．Itʼs nothing but a temporary phenomenon.
D．Itʼll excite the public curiosity about science.
11．Which of the following may Howitt suggest according to the last paragraph？________
A．Promoting the production of drones.
B．Diversifying the functions of drones.
C．Prohibiting the displays of fireworks.
D．Staging drone shows as an alternative.
12．In which section of a website can we read this text？________
A．Advertisement. B．Business.
C．Health. D．Environment.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了将无人机用于灯光表演的优点与它可能给环境带来的影响，以及人们对无人机灯光表演的态度。
9．B　词句猜测题。结合常识和第一段“The appeal of fireworks could fizzle out with the growing use of drones (无人机) for light shows, though.(不过，随着无人机越来越多地用于灯光表演，烟花的吸引力可能会fizzle out。)”中“fireworks”和“the growing use of drones”可知，烟花表演与无人机的表演是有共性的，都属于夜空中的灯光秀，因此，当无人机越来越多地用于灯光表演，烟花表演就减少或被替代，由此推知，画线短语与Wind up意思相近，意为“结束”。故选B。
10．A　推理判断题。根据第二段“We do think itʼs going to be something thatʼs ever catching on, as opposed to it being a short-lived sort of fashion people have suddenly got interested in.Drones are reusable and thereʼs no fallout.In that sense theyʼre a very good, sustainable option (我们确实认为它将会成为一种流行趋势，而不是人们突然间对它产生兴趣的一种短暂的时尚。无人机可以重复使用，而且不会产生放射性尘埃。从这个意义上说，它们是一个非常好的、可持续的选择)”可知，Howitt认为无人机展示的发展呈上升的趋势。故选A。
11．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“We find fireworks work really well when teamed up with drones.But we donʼt really see it as a one-replacing-the-other at all.We feel as if itʼs just another tool in the chest for how you enliven the sky and what you want to do with the show youʼre putting on(我们发现烟花和无人机配合时效果非常好。但我们并没有真正把它看作是一个取代另一个。我们觉得它只是另一个工具，用来让天空生动起来，让你想对你正在上演的节目做些什么)”可知，Howitt认为无人机并不会取代烟花，建议把它作为一种选择。故选D。
12．D　文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了将无人机用于灯光表演的优点与它可能给环境带来的影响，以及人们对无人机灯光表演的态度。因此我们可能在网站与环境有关的部分读到这段文字。故选D。
D
(2022·江苏省苏州高新区第一中学高三一模)
Stargazers can visit famous dark-sky parks in the world and enjoy unpolluted views of night skies.Letʼs take a deeper dive into what youʼll see at the dark-sky parks.
Joshua Tree National Park, California
Joshua Tree National Park is a popular attraction for stargazers living on the west coast.Despite being influenced by light pollution on its western borders from Coachella Valley cities, its relative isolation from major cities in the east(with Phoenix being the closest city area some 300 miles away), provides it with some of the darkest skies in California.
Elqui Valley, Chile
A popular wine region centered on the Elqui River in northern Chile, the Elqui Valley also offers ideal conditions(high-altitude, low-population, limited cloud cover) for uncorking a bottle and toasting the heavens above.Spanning some 90,000 acres, the region has the distinction of being named the first-ever Dark Sky Sanctuary by the International Astronomical Union in 2015.
Itʼs also home to nearly a dozen observatories, boutique stargazing hotels and a large variety of tours that cover both cosmic and daytime spectacles.
Wadi Rum, Jordan
One of Jordanʼs most valuable tourist destinations, Wadi Rum is an otherworldly mountain desert featuring dramatic rock formations and wind-swept rust-colored dunes.Wadi Rum is an incredible landscape too (used for a lot of sci-fi movies like RogueOne, Prometheus and TheMartian) and itʼs one of the dark places where you can just sit and look up at the wonder of the night sky with very little interruption.
Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, America
Itʼs no surprise that Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve has been building a reputation for good night sky viewing.The dry air, high elevation, and lack of light pollution all make the park an ideal dark-sky destination.
The Sangre de Cristo Mountains block much of the sky glow coming from nearby cities, shrouding(遮蔽，笼罩)the park—with its 149,164 acres of dunes, wetlands, grasslands, forests and alpine tundra—in darkness.
13．What do we know about Joshua Tree National Park？________
A．It is relatively separated from major cities.
B．It is the first dark sky park in the world.
C．It is affected by no light pollution.
D．It is named as the darkest sky in the world.
14．What helps prevent Great Sand Dunes from light？________
A．The wetlands. B．The sand dune.
C．The forests. D．The mountains.
15．Who are the intended readers of the text？________
A．Park goers.
B．Space explorers.
C．Star observers.
D．Adventurous campers.
【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个适合观星爱好者的景点。
13．A　细节理解题。根据Joshua Tree National Park, California部分“Despite being influenced by light pollution on its western borders from Coachella Valley cities, its relative isolation from major cities in the east(with Phoenix being the closest city area some 300 miles away), provides it with some of the darkest skies in California.(尽管它的西部边界受到科切拉山谷城市的光污染的影响，但它与东部主要城市的相对隔绝(凤凰城是最近的城市地区，约300英里外)，使它拥有加州最黑暗的天空。)”可知，Joshua Tree National Park与主要城市相对隔离。故选A。
14．D　细节理解题。根据Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, America部分第二段“The Sangre de Cristo Mountains block much of the sky glow coming from nearby cities, shrouding(遮蔽，笼罩)the park—with its 149,164 acres of dunes, wetlands, grasslands, forests and alpine tundra—in darkness.(Sangre de Cristo山阻挡了来自附近城市的大部分天空辉光，将公园笼罩在黑暗中，公园里有149 164英亩的沙丘、湿地、草原、森林和高山苔原。)”可知，群山让Great Sand Dunes免受阳光照射。故选D。
15．C　推理判断题。根据第一段“Stargazers can visit famous dark-sky parks in the world and enjoy unpolluted views of night skies.Letʼs take a deeper dive into what youʼll see at the dark-sky parks.(观星者可以参观世界上著名的暗天公园，欣赏未受污染的夜空美景。让我们来深入了解一下在黑暗天空的公园里你会看到什么。)”可知，这篇文章的目标读者是观星爱好者。故选C。
词句猜测类
A
(2022·河北省邯郸市高三一模)
Starting in early January, 15-year-old Abby Gagne spent some weekends walking through snow in the 330 acres of woods around her house ʼtappingʼ trees.Abbyʼs family are sugar makers.For five generations, her family have collected sap from maple trees.They boil it down into the thick sweet syrup that North Americans love to apply on their pancakes.
Abbyʼs dad, Jason drills holes 1.5 inches deep into the trunks of maples in the woods.Sugar makers tap only older trees.These are usually at least 40 years old and 10 inches thick at chest height.They stick a tap into each hole, usually one per tree.Taps made of plastic are used for sap to flow through.They will come out at the end of the season, and the holes will return to health.
Plastic tubes hook up to the taps and connect them to one another.The sap flows into a collection tank in the woods.From the collection tank, the Gagnes pump the sap into a machine to remove a lot of the sapʼs water.Then itʼs moved into an evaporator in a building called “sugar house”．The Gagnes make a fire out of maple wood chips.The fire heats the sap and boils it.When it reaches 219 degrees, the syrup is ready to be made.
Syrup is poured into glass or plastic bottles.But 150 years ago, sugar makers used tin cans.These containers could prevent syrup from seeping out and allowed them to ship it far from home and helped maple become a big business.
Sugar makers should thank native Americans for their knowledge.White settlers as early as 1600s learned the craft from the Ojibwe and other tribes.Early native techniques were similar to those sugar makers use now except that they collected sap in bark bowls before boiling it over an open fire.Either way, the resulting maple syrup was, and is tasty.
1．What did Abby help do on weekends？________
A．Collect maple branches.
B．Drill holes in the woods.
C．Boil the thick sweet syrup.
D．Get sap from maple trees.
2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？________
A．The need of wood chips.
B．The makeup of maple trees.
C．The process of making syrup.
D．The technique of collecting sap.
3．What does the underlined word “seeping” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？________
A．Breaking. B．Blowing.
C．Looking. D．Leaking.
4．What does the last paragraph imply？________
A．Syrup made by native Americans is the tastiest.
B．Americans have a long history of making syrup.
C．Todayʼs sugar makers often boil sap over an open fire.
D．Native Americansʼ techniques of making syrup are lost.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Abby Gagne一家人制作枫糖浆，介绍了制作枫糖浆的过程以及美国人制作枫糖浆的历史。
1．D　细节理解题，根据第一段“Starting in early January, 15-year-old Abby Gagne spent some weekends walking through snow in the 330 acres of woods around her house “tapping” trees.Abbyʼs family are sugar makers.For five generations, her family have collected sap from maple trees.They boil it down into the thick sweet syrup that North Americans love to apply on their pancakes.(从1月初开始，15岁的艾比·加涅花了几个周末在她家周围330英亩的树林里徒步“敲打”树木。艾比的家人都是制糖商。她家五代人都在收集枫树的汁液。他们把它熬成北美人喜欢涂在煎饼上的浓糖浆。)”可知，Abby Gagne在周末帮助父母收集树液来热制枫糖浆。故选D。
2．C　主旨大意题。根据第三段“Plastic tubes hook up to the taps and connect them to one another.The sap flows into a collection tank in the woods.From the collection tank, the Gagnes pump the sap into a machine to remove a lot of the sapʼs water.Then itʼs moved into an evaporator in a building calledʼsugar houseʼ．The Gagnes make a fire out of maple wood chips.The fire heats the sap and boils it.When it reaches 219 degrees, the syrup is ready to be made.(塑料管连接在水龙头上，并将它们相互连接。树液流入树林里的一个收集槽。加涅一家将树液从收集槽中泵入一台机器，以去除树液中的大量水分。然后它被转移到一个叫做“糖屋”的建筑中的蒸发器中。加涅一家用枫木屑生火。火加热汁液，使其沸腾。当温度达到219度时，糖浆就准备好了。)”可知，该段主要介绍了制作枫糖浆的过程。故选C。
3．D　词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“These containers could prevent syrup from”以及后文“allowed them to ship it far from home”可知，这些容器可以防止糖浆渗漏，便于他们将糖浆运到远离家乡的地方，故seep意为“渗漏，渗”。故选D。
4．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sugar makers should thank native Americans for their knowledge.White settlers as early as 1600s learned the craft from the Ojibwe and other tribes.Early native techniques were similar to those sugar makers use now except that they collected sap in bark bowls before boiling it over an open fire.Either way, the resulting maple syrup was, and is tasty.(制糖商应该感谢印第安人的知识。早在17世纪，白人定居者就从Ojibwe和其他部落那里学会了这种手艺。早期的本土技术与现在的制糖人使用的技术相似，只是他们把树汁收集在树皮碗里，然后在明火上煮。无论哪种方法，得到的枫糖浆都很美味。)”可知，美国人制作枫糖浆的历史悠久。故选B。
B
(2022·山东省潍坊市高三模拟预测)
Eleven-year-old Allan Baltz of Jonesboro, Arkansas, is familiar with the foster(领养) care system.When he and his twin sister Alice were only four, they came to live with their foster parents Derek and Lesli Baltz.
Last fall when Allan got an opportunity to pay it forward, he made it count.
During the height of the 2021 shutdown, to keep their kids entertained at home, the family decided to switch up their hairstyles.Lesli dyed her hair red and Alice went blue.Derek tried out a mustache, and Allan went the craziest by growing out a long beautiful mullet(胭脂鱼发型).
When friends pushed Allan to enter the USA Mullet Championships competition, Allan initially wasnʼt interested because he thought he couldnʼt win.However, once he learned there was a cash prize, he changed his tune.
“He instantly was likeʼOh, OK.I can do it, and weʼll give the money to kids in foster care.ʼ” Lesli said.“He didnʼt hesitate.He didnʼt say，ʼI can get a bike, then give some money away.ʼIt was just instant that he wanted to give it away.”
After submitting his photo and following up with several weeks of campaigning, Allan took home the top prize in the kidʼs division with more than 25,000 votes in his favor.
He split his winnings between two local foster care organizations, Together We Foster and Project Zero, but his impact went far beyond just the $2,500 he donated.His giving heart inspired others to do the same, and he ended up raising an additional $4,500 for the two organizations.
“People also started volunteering...and donating，” Lesli said.“A few people that we know decided to start fostering because of Allanʼs story.The way that people hear it and it inspires them to do something about the foster care crisis is really incredible.” Lesli said she couldnʼt be prouder of Allanʼs heart for helping others and feels truly lucky to be his mom.
5．What does the underlined word “it” mean？________
A.Spending plenty of money.
B．Passing on love to others.
C．Paying for goods in advance.
D．Winning great popularity.
6．Why did Allan grow a mullet？________
A．It was really a good way to have fun.
B．It was an extremely popular hairstyle.
C．It was required for the competition.
D．It was the craziest thing heʼd ever done.
7．Which of the following words would be used to describe Allan？________
A．Talented and decisive.
B．Selfless and open-minded.
C．Generous and kind-hearted.
D．Sensitive and sociable.
8．What was the influence of Allanʼs donation of prize money？________
A．It led to the donation totaling $4,500 in the end.
B．He helped to successfully solve foster care crisis.
C．He luckily won true love and admiration of Lesli.
D．It inspired more people to get involved in foster care.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了11岁的Allan是被领养的，为了把爱传递下去，他参加了一项比赛并且将比赛所赢的钱全部捐给了寄养组织，只是为了帮助没有家的孩子。
5．B　词句猜测题。根据画线词上一句“Last fall when Allan got an opportunity to pay it forward(去年秋天，当艾伦有机会把爱传递出去时)”可知，他让它变得有意义。画线单词it代指的是前句中“将爱传递给他人”。故选B。
6．A　细节理解题。根据第三段“During the height of the 2021 shutdown, to keep their kids entertained at home, the family decided to switch up their hairstyles.(在2021年美国居家不外出的高峰期，为了让孩子们在家娱乐一下，这家人决定更换发型。)”可知，Allan留了胭脂鱼发型是为了玩乐。故选A。
7．C　推理判断题。根据第五段“ʼHe didnʼt hesitate.He didnʼt say，ʼI can get a bike, then give some money away.ʼIt was just instant that he wanted to give it away.(“他没有犹豫。他没有说，ʼ我可以买一辆自行车，然后捐点钱。ʼ他立刻就想把它送人了。”)”可知，Allan是一个慷慨的人；第七段“He split his winnings between two local foster care organizations, Together We Foster and Project Zero, but his impact went far beyond just the $2,500 he donated.(他把奖金分给了当地的两个寄养组织，Together We Foster和Project Zero，但他的影响远远超出了他捐赠的2 500美元。)”可知，他把奖金捐给了寄养组织，是个热心肠的孩子。故选C。
8．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“A few people that we know decided to start fostering because of Allanʼs story.The way that people hear it and it inspires them to do something about the foster care crisis is really incredible.(因为Allan的故事，我们认识的一些人决定开始收养孩子。人们听到他的事迹并激励他们为解决寄养危机做些什么，真的令人难以置信。)”可知，Allan的故事激励更多的人开始领养孩子。故选D。
C
(2022·湖南省大联考雅礼十六校高三第一次模拟)
Nowadays, video gaming has made impressive gains in the field of standardized competition.One of the fashionable debates is whether competitive video games are sports or not.If cyberathletes are competing against formal teams in a formal environment, with real titles and monetary stakes on the line, it seems strange not to consider the activity a sport.However, unless something technologically odd gains complete control over our world in the next few decades, they never should be.Cyberathletes and eSports arenʼt incomparable to traditional athletes and sports because they require less physical exertion or dedication.They are incomparable because they are different from traditional sports in a number of ways.
Traditional sports are steadfast, and consistent in their structures and mechanics.A professional American football player from any past decade could be transplanted into a current football field, and would only have to be told of a few minor rule changes.The player would know what to do, where to go, and how to accomplish the ultimate goal.He may need to learn a few new plays, but itʼs fundamentally the same game.However, competitive video gaming has a variety of goals, and those goals are fluid and dynamic.A competitive video gamer from decades past might be aware of the final goal (winning the game, capturing the flag, eliminating the opposing team, etc.), but the execution (执行方式) would be completely foreign.Controls change, maps change, locations change, even the minute rules are adjusted on a regular basis.As a competitive video gamer, one needs to adapt to a much more aggressive ruleset than most sports or other games.Therefore the video game competitions are less likely to be properly regulated.
Most traditional sports are approachable by every man, even the esoteric(深奥的) ones, at least in an educational setting, where budgets and funding are set for them.While home computers are widely accessible, a large percentage of the gaming population is unable to participate in competitive gaming due to the high-standard computing requirements.Even decade-old competitive games like Counter-Strike 1.6 require more equipment and gear than most traditional sports.A pick-up game of basketball, football, or soccer is far more accessible than a pick-up game of Counter-Strike.
Traditional sports are embedded in our culture for good reasons: they offer an entertaining diversion and a great form of physical activity for millions of worldwide fans.The principles and lessons gleaned from traditional sports emphasize teamwork, collaboration, and critical evaluations of any given game setting.While many of these lessons are applicable to competitive gaming, competitive video gamers are still distancing themselves from competing for “sport” status, when their pastime and trade is so fundamentally different and ever-changing at such a regular pace.
9．What is the authorʼs opinion towards competitive video games？________
A．They can be seen as sports due to their emphasis on teamwork.
B．They can be seen as sports due to their standardized regulations.
C．They can not be seen as sports due to their lack of physical and mental efforts.
D．They can not be seen as sports due to the inconsistent rules and high requirements.
10．What does the underlined word “foreign” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？________
A．Difficult. B．Common.
C．Typical. D．Different.
11．Why does the author mention Counter-Strike in Paragraph 3？________
A．To explain the reason why eSports surpass traditional sports.
B．To explore the possibility that competitive video games will be sports.
C．To provide an example of the difference between eSports and traditional sports.
D．To account for the fact that the competitive features of video games are impressive.
12．How does the author develop his idea？________
A．By quoting and citing.
B．By listing and analyzing.
C．By comparison and contrast.
D．By explaining and evaluating.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章作者通过将传统体育运动和电子竞技进行比较和对比，来论证电子竞技游戏不能被视作运动的观点。
9．D　推理判断题。根据第二段“As a competitive video gamer, one needs to adapt to a much more aggressive ruleset than most sports or other games.Therefore the video game competitions are less likely to be properly regulated.(作为一名有竞争力的电子游戏玩家，你需要适应比大多数运动或其他游戏更具侵略性的规则。因此，电子游戏竞赛不太可能得到适当的监管。)”以及第三段“While home computers are widely accessible, a large percentage of the gaming population is unable to participate in competitive gaming due to the high-standard computing requirements.(虽然家用电脑随处可见，但由于对电脑的高标准要求，很大一部分游戏玩家无法参与竞争性游戏。)”可推断，作者认为竞争性电子游戏由于规则不一致，要求高，不能被视为运动。故选D。
10．D　词句猜测题。根据前文“A professional American football player from any past decade could be transplanted into a current football field, and would only have to be told of a few minor rule changes.The player would know what to do, where to go, and how to accomplish the ultimate goal.He may need to learn a few new plays, but itʼs fundamentally the same game.However, competitive video gaming has a variety of goals, and those goals are fluid and dynamic.(过去任何一个十年的职业美国橄榄球运动员都可以被迁移到现在的足球场上，而且只需要被告知一些小的规则变化。玩家将知道该做什么，去哪里以及如何完成最终目标。他可能需要学习一些新玩法，但游戏本质上是一样的。然而，竞争性电子游戏有各种各样的目标，而且这些目标是动态的。)”可知，电子竞技玩家操作对于传统的体育运动是不同的，所以foreign是“不同的”之意。故选D。
11．C　推理判断题。根据第三段“Most traditional sports are approachable by every man, even the esoteric(深奥的) ones, at least in an educational setting, where budgets and funding are set for them.While home computers are widely accessible, a large percentage of the gaming population is unable to participate in competitive gaming due to the high-standard computing requirements.(大多数传统体育项目，即使是那些晦涩难懂的项目，至少在有预算和资金支持的教育背景下，普通人都能接受。虽然家用电脑随处可见，但由于对电脑的高标准要求，很大一部分游戏玩家无法参与竞争性游戏。)”以及接下来以《反恐精英》举例即使是像《反恐精英1.6》这样有10年历史的竞技游戏也需要比大多数传统运动更多的装备。篮球或足球的临时游戏比《反恐精英》的临时游戏更容易上手。因此推断作者在第三段中提到《反恐精英》是为了举例说明电子竞技和传统体育的区别。故选C。
12．C　推理判断题。根据第一段“Cyberathletes and eSports arenʼt incomparable to traditional athletes and sports because they require less physical exertion or dedication.They are incomparable because they are different from traditional sports in a number of ways.(电子竞技者和电子竞技与传统运动员和体育项目并不是不可比拟的，因为它们需要的体力和投入较少。它们是无可比拟的，因为它们与传统体育在很多方面不同。)”；第二段“Traditional sports are steadfast, and consistent in their structures and mechanics.(传统的体育运动在结构和力学上是坚定的，一致的。)”以及第三段“Most traditional sports are approachable by every man, even the esoteric(深奥的) ones, at least in an educational setting, where budgets and funding are set for them.(大多数传统体育项目，即使是那些晦涩难懂的项目，至少在有预算和资金支持的教育背景下，普通人都能接受。)”可推断，作者通过比较和对比来论证他的观点。故选C。
D
(2022·江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟)
In 2016, in an Illinois town called Cahokia, a woman was sent to prison just because she failed to tend her lawn (草坪).In 2019, a Florida man was fined $30,000 by the city of Dunedin for allowing his grass to grow more than 10 inches in height.These examples, while extreme, are not rare occurrence in America.
A study estimated that turf grasses (lawns, parks, athletic fields, etc.) cover over 40 million acres in the continental U．S., an area larger than any crop area.And Americans spend as much as $60 billion a year maintaining these grasses.These impressive data are the result of Americansʼ setting much store by these pieces of greenery for several centuries.
Centuries ago, only those with considerable wealth could own the resources needed to maintain these displays.In the modern world, lawns have gradually changed from the estates of the wealthy to the front yards of common people.Across America, millions of families now proudly present their grass to their neighbors and drivers by carefully weeding, watering, fertilizing and mowing these small-scale representations of the grounds.
With this context in mind, itʼs easy to see well-tended lawns in America.People tend to use lawns to create an impression of order or to indicate a sense of personal success.The relative health and attractiveness of the grass in their yard becomes a barometer (晴雨表) for their life as a whole.
However, with so many acres covered by the grass, the influence associated with lawn maintenance is more than just psychological.To begin with, a lawn requires massive quantities of resources to sustain.The U．S.Department of Agriculture estimates that lawns account for about half of homeownerʼs water use, much of which is wasted.Additionally, Americans are reported to use 80 million pounds of chemicals on their lawns each year.The process of tending the lawn also contributes to air pollution.
These surprising data mean we need to question whether lawns provide us with enough benefit to justify their widespread existence.
13．Why are the two lawn-related cases mentioned in the first paragraph？________
A．To explain the effectiveness of American laws.
B．To show the significance of lawns in American society.
C．To stress Americansʼ awareness of environmental protection.
D．To reveal the cost of maintaining lawns in Americansʼ daily life.
14．What does the underlined part in the second paragraph mean？________
A．Making full use of.
B．Facing the consequence of.
C．Attaching great importance to.
D．Shouldering the responsibility for.
15．Why do Americans have a preference for well-tended lawns？________
A．Because of the psychological function of lawns.
B．Because of the popularity of lawns in Americansʼ life.
C．Because of the purpose of placing barometers in lawns.
D．Because of the method of planting healthy and attractive lawns.
16．What can we know about the lawns in the U．S.according to the passage？________
A．They will be expanded to cover more lands.
B．They are of significant environmental concerns.
C．They will motivate people to be health-conscious.
D．They can promote the development of the chemical industry.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。美国人对草坪的情有独钟有着历史根源及心理方面的原因，但大面积的草坪对环境有着重大的负面影响。
13．B　推理判断题。根据第一段介绍的两个不同寻常的案例并结合下文美国人对草坪的喜爱与重视可知，作者通过这两个案例说明了草坪在美国社会的重要性。故选B。
14．C　词句猜测题。根据画线处的上文“A study estimated that turf grasses (lawns, parks, athletic fields, etc.) cover over 40 million acres in the continental U．S., an area larger than any crop area.And Americans spend as much as $60 billion a year maintaining these grasses.(一项研究估计，在美国大陆，草坪(草坪、公园、运动场等)的面积超过4 000万英亩，比任何农作物的面积都大。美国人每年要花费600亿美元来维护这些草。)”可知，草坪在美国大陆占地面积很大，美国人为维护草坪花了很多钱。由此可知画线处表示美国人对草坪非常地重视， attach great importance to意为“非常重视”。故选C。
15．A　推理判断题。根据第四段“People tend to use lawns to create an impression of order or to indicate a sense of personal success.The relative health and attractiveness of the grass in their yard becomes a barometer (晴雨表) for their life as a whole.(人们倾向于用草坪来创造一种秩序的印象或表示一种个人成功的感觉。他们院子里的草的相对健康和吸引力成为他们整个生活的晴雨表。)”可推断，美国人喜欢精心照料草坪是因为草坪在人们的心理构建方面的功能。故选A。
16．B　细节理解题。根据第五段“To begin with, a lawn requires massive quantities of resources to sustain.The U．S.Department of Agriculture estimates that lawns account for about half of homeownerʼs water use, much of which is wasted.Additionally, Americans are reported to use 80 million pounds of chemicals on their lawns each year.The process of tending the lawn also contributes to air pollution.(首先，草坪需要大量的资源来维持。美国农业部估计，草坪占了房主用水量的一半左右，其中大部分被浪费了。此外，据报道，美国人每年在草坪上使用8 000万磅化学物质。照料草坪的过程也造成了空气污染。)”可知，大面积的草坪引起了重大的环境问题。故选B。
主旨大意类
A
(2022·河北省唐山市一模)
When it comes to becoming eco-conscious, many people choose to start with something simple: recycling.But itʼs not as simple as everyone seems to believe.
Indeed, the desire for some people to recycle can lead to ill-informed decisions about what can and cannot be recycled, and non-recyclable objects are accidentally put into the recycling bin.The practice is what is known as wishcycling.
Wishcycling boils down to the idea that just about anything can be recycled, and that if you put it into a recycling bin, those who are responsible for it will find a way to recycle it.This is obviously not true, because, despite everything that youʼve been told by the media, not everything is recyclable.
Small non-recyclable objects that are attached to recyclables are generally acceptable.For example, glue and tape attached to paper will be removed in the recycling process without any trouble.But improperly recycling broken eyeglasses, plastic shopping bags, food waste and greasy (油渍)pizza boxes could cause problems to the recycling process.
The objects in the recycling bin are typically sorted by machines at recycling centers, not people.These complex machines are designed to separate plastics, paper, and other recyclables.If something is thrown into the bin that shouldnʼt be there, it could end up damaging the machine, which means the recycling center could lose time and money every time people decide to wishcycle.Sometimes, a non-recyclable object is able to sneak (溜)past these sorting machines.If this happens, the non-recyclable object ends up in a load of recyclables that will be sold for the recycling center to make a profit.However, having just one non-recyclable thing mixed in can pollute the entire load of recyclables, which has to be thrown away.
So what you as a consumer need to do is make your own recycling practice most functional.The best way is to educate yourself.There are certain general rules when it comes to recycling that everyone should know.
1．What do we know about wishcycling？________
A．It is misled by the media.
B．It leads to a better ecology.
C．It is related to ill intentions.
D．It comes from peopleʼs hope.
2．Which of the following can be put into the recycling bin according to the passage？________
A．Paper with glue on it.
B．Oily pizza boxes.
C．Plastic shopping bags.
D．Left-over food.
3．What is Paragraph 5 about？________
A．The problems from wishcycling.
B．The need to update the machines.
C．The reasons for making less profit.
D．The objects unsuitable for recycling.
4．What might be talked about in the paragraph that follows？________
A．Reducing waste. B．Making rules.
C．Recycling properly. D．Consuming wisely.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是wishcycling，以及它带来的一些问题。
1．D　推理判断题。根据第二段“Indeed, the desire for some people to recycle can lead to ill-informed decisions about what can and cannot be recycled, and non-recyclable objects are accidentally put into the recycling bin.The practice is what is known as wishcycling.(事实上，一些人想要参与回收的愿望可能会导致关于什么可以回收，什么不可以回收的错误决定，不可回收的东西会不小心被扔进回收箱。这种做法被称为愿望循环。)”可知，wishcycling是指人们不考虑东西是否可以回收，按照自己的意愿进行回收。故选D。
2．A　细节理解题。根据第四段“Small non-recyclable objects that are attached to recyclables are generally acceptable.For example, glue and tape attached to paper will be removed in the recycling process without any trouble.(附在可回收物品上的小型不可回收物品一般是可以接受的。例如，粘在纸上的胶水和胶带在回收过程中会被移除，没有任何麻烦。)”可知，有胶水的纸是可以放到可回收垃圾桶的。故选A。
3．A　主旨大意题。根据本段的主要内容，尤其“If something is thrown into the bin that shouldnʼt be there, it could end up damaging the machine, which means the recycling center could lose time and money every time people decide to wishcycle.Sometimes, a non-recyclable object is able to sneak(溜)past these sorting machines.If this happens, the non-recyclable object ends up in a load of recyclables that will be sold for the recycling center to make a profit.However, having just one non-recyclable thing mixed in can pollute the entire load of recyclables, which has to be thrown away.(如果一些不该扔进回收垃圾箱的东西被扔了进去，最终可能会损坏机器，这意味着每次人们决定wishcycling时回收中心就会浪费时间和金钱。有时候，一个不可回收的物体能够从这些分拣机器中偷偷溜走。如果发生这种情况，这些不可回收的物体最终会和一堆可回收的东西被出售给回收中心以获取利润。然而，只要掺有一种不可回收的东西就可能污染全部的可回收物，必须全部扔掉。)”可知，本段主要介绍了wishcyling给回收中心带来的一些问题。故选A。
4．C　推理判断题。结合上文讲述wishcycling带来的一些问题和最后一段的“There are certain general rules when it comes to recycling that everyone should know.(当涉及回收利用时，有一些大家都应该知道的一般规则。)”推知，下文可能会介绍如何进行正确的回收。故选C。
B
(2022·辽宁省沈阳市重点高中联合体高三一模)
Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a common eye condition in which you can see objects near to you clearly, but objects farther away are blurry.To see the farther clearly, you have the option of wearing eyeglasses, or undergoing the more invasive refractive surgery (屈光手术).
But Japanʼs Kubota Pharmaceutical Holdings claims to have developed smart glasses that, if worn just an hour per day, can cure myopia.It projects an image onto the wearersʼ retina (视网膜) to correct the refractive error that causes nearsightedness.Obviously, wearing the device 60 to 90 minutes a day corrects myopia.
So how does the technology developed by Kubota work exactly? Well, according to a company press release from December of last year, the special glasses rely on micro-LEDS to project virtual images on the visual field to make the retina active.Apparently, it can do that without affecting the wearerʼs daily activities.
Founded by Dr.Ryo Kubota, Kubota Pharmaceutical Holdings is still testing the device, known as Kubota Glasses, and trying to determine how long the effect lasts after the user wears the device.And how much the ugly-looking glasses have to be worn for the correction to be permanent.
Kubota Pharmaceutical Holdings began testing the glasses in the summer of last year, and is currently conducting tests on about 25 people in the U．S.to assess the effectiveness of its smart glasses.The company planned to begin selling the device in Asia in the second half of 2021, where there are more nearsighted people, but it has plans to enter other markets in the future.
5．What does the underlined word “blurry” mean in the first paragraph？________
A．Familiar. B．Different.
C．Impressive. D．Unclear.
6．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about？________
A．The effect of wearing the smart glasses.
B．The disadvantages of the smart glasses.
C．The working principle of the smart glasses.
D．The correct way of wearing the smart glasses.
7．Why does the company decide to sell the glasses first in Asia？________
A．It wants to serve the Asians better.
B．These glasses are more suitable for Asians.
C．Scientific development is slower in Asia.
D．There is more market demand in Asia.
8．What is the purpose of writing the text？________
A．To solve a problem.
B．To introduce a new product.
C．To present a research result.
D．To give practical advice.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款可以治愈近视的智能眼镜。
5．D　词句猜测题。根据第一段“Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a common eye condition in which you can see objects near to you clearly, but objects farther away are blurry.(近视是一种常见的眼部疾病，在这种情况下，你可以清楚地看到你附近的物体，但远处的物体是blurry。)”中表示转折意义的but可知，blurry的意思和clearly相反，即blurry意为“模糊的，不清楚的”。故选D。
6．C　主旨大意题。根据第三段的主要内容，尤其“So how does the technology developed by Kubota work exactly？(那么，久保田开发的技术究竟是如何工作的呢？)”可知，本段主要介绍智能眼镜的工作原理。故选C。
7．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“The company planned to begin selling the device in Asia in the second half of 2021, where there are more nearsighted people, but it has plans to enter other markets in the future.(该公司计划在2021下半年开始在亚洲销售该设备，那里有更多的人近视，但它计划在未来进入其他市场。)”可知，该公司首先选择在亚洲进行销售是因为那里近视的人更多，即市场需求更大。故选D。
8．B　推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段“But Japanʼs Kubota Pharmaceutical Holdings claims to have developed smart glasses that, if worn just an hour per day, can cure myopia.(但日本久保田制药控股公司声称已经开发出智能眼镜，如果每天只戴一小时，就可以治愈近视。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一款可以治愈近视的智能眼镜。故选B。
C
(2022·山东省潍坊市高三下学期二模)
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev say that the popular dieting strategy of serving food on smaller plates does not necessarily trick us into eating less.
“Plate size doesnʼt matter as much as we think it does，” says Dr.Tzvi Ganel, head of the study in a media release.“Even if youʼre hungry and havenʼt eaten, or are trying to cut back on portions (份), a serving looks similar whether it fills a smaller plate or is surrounded by empty space on a larger one.”
Some dieters may try eating off of smaller plates, hoping that they will feel full because the serving size appears larger on the smaller plate.This strategy is based on the classic Delbouef illusion (错觉), which found that people seeing a black circle inside a larger circle perceived the circle to be smaller than when the same sized black circle was placed inside a smaller circle.
Researchers determined that hunger seems to help with visual perception of food portions.In the experiment, participants who had eaten recently had a difficult time estimating pizza portions that were placed on larger versus smaller trays.But participants who had not eaten for at least three hours were better able to estimate portion sizes correctly.
The authors remind that their results only applied to food sizes.Both groups of participants performed about the same when asked to compare sizes of black circles and hubcaps (轮毂) placed inside different sized circles.Study authors say the results suggest that hunger strengthens our ability to analyze and process what we are seeing.
“Over the last decade, restaurants and other food businesses have been using progressively smaller dishes to adapt to the perceptual bias (偏差) that it will reduce food consumption，” says Ganel.“This study debunks that view.When people are hungry, especially when dieting, they are less likely to be fooled by the plate size, more likely to realize they are eating less and more ready to overeating later.”
So donʼt kid yourself.Put away the Barbie plates and give it three hours.Then grab that giant plate and dig in.Your eyes will choose the right size.
9．Why do some dieters switch to smaller dishes？________
A．To seek an elegant lifestyle.
B．To measure the serving size.
C．To have the impression of being full.
D．To see whether Delbouef illusion is true.
10．What helps to judge food sizes accurately？________
A．The black color.
B．The size of circles.
C．The strong need for food.
D．The delicious taste of food.
11．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “debunks” in Paragraph 6？________
A．Disapproves. B．Confirms.
C．Reflects. D．Discovers.
12．What does the text mainly tell us？________
A．Dieting requires smaller plates.
B．Your dinner plate affects your weight.
C．Eating less is a popular dieting practice.
D．Smaller plates wonʼt lead to less eating.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现用小盘盛食物的节食策略并不一定会使我们少吃。
9．C　细节理解题。根据第三段“Some dieters may try eating off of smaller plates, hoping that they will feel full because the serving size appears larger on the smaller plate.(一些节食者可能会尝试用较小的盘子盛食物，希望他们会觉得饱了，因为在较小的盘子里，份量看起来更大。)”可知，一些节食者用较小的盘子盛食物是为了营造一种饱腹感，故选C。
10．C　细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers determined that hunger seems to help with visual perception of food portions.(研究人员确定，饥饿似乎有助于对食物份量的视觉感知。)”可知，对食物的强烈需要有助于准确判断食物的份量，故选C。
11．A　词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“When people are hungry, especially when dieting, they are less likely to be fooled by the plate size, more likely to realize they are eating less and more ready to overeating later.(当人们饥饿时，尤其是节食时，他们不太可能被盘子的大小所愚弄，更可能意识到自己吃得越来越少，以后可能会暴饮暴食。)”可知，这项研究驳斥了“用小盘子盛食物吃得会更少”这一观点，由此可知画线词词义为“驳斥，不赞成”，故选A。
12．D　主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev say that the popular dieting strategy of serving food on smaller plates does not necessarily trick us into eating less.(内盖夫本古里安大学的研究人员说，用小盘盛食物的流行节食策略并不一定会使我们少吃。)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现用小盘盛食物的节食策略并不一定会使我们少吃，故选D。
D
(2022·广东省深圳市普通高中高三第一次模拟)
Today China is the worldʼs biggest consumer of wheat.But it wasnʼt always that way.
Wheat only came to the area now known as northern China toward the end of the Neolithic(新石器) period, some 4,600 years ago.Initially, wheat didnʼt seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight.The first farmers of northern China primarily grew millet(粟), starting as early as 11,500 years ago.By the time of the Tang Dynasty, wheat had replaced millet, becoming a major crop.But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred.
In an attempt to track the answer, I accumulated a collection of nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago, to the collapse of the Eastern Han Dynasty in 220 AD.The sites were across 8 modern provinces, ranging from Gansu Province in the northwest to Shandong Province in the east.
One possible explanation is a major climate shift, called the Holocene Event 3, which happened 4,000 to 4,500 years ago.At that time, the climate became colder and drier across continents, causing damage to crop production.
On top of this, the late Neolithic period was also a time of rapid population growth around the world.With an ever-increasing population and unsteady crop production, it is reasonable to assume that Neolithic farmers in northern China were struggling.
Wheat, it turns out, actually needs more water than millet, making it seem a poor choice for a dry period of history.But importantly, it can be sowed after millet has been harvested.That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.
From more extreme weather to changing coastlines, climate change has always brought unexpected and sometimes dramatic changes to societies.In this instance, the consequence of the Holocene Event 3 in northern China proved, eventually, delicious.
13．What can we learn about wheat from the second paragraph？________
A．It replaced millet for its great taste.
B．It was a poor choice at the beginning.
C．It outnumbered millet 4,600 years ago.
D．It was the earliest crop grown in China.
14．What do the figures in Paragraph 3 show？________
A．The author found the exact answer.
B．The author did worldwide research.
C．The author took the research seriously.
D．The author was good at collecting data.
15．What was probably the main reason for northerners in China to grow wheat？________
A．The water supply was enough then.
B．The harvest of millet was not satisfying.
C．It adjusted to the weather conditions better.
D．It had an alternative sowing season with millet.
16．Which of the following can be the best title for the text？________
A．How was millet introduced to China?
B．Why did Chinese farmers switch to wheat?
C．Why did China become the biggest wheat consumer?
D．How was Chinaʼs wheat growth affected by climate change?
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为主要农作物这种转变的原因。
13．B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Initially, wheat didnʼt seem to be so delicious and had been treated as a crop of desperation rather than a cooking delight.(起初，小麦似乎并不好吃，人们把它当作一种绝望的作物，而不是烹饪的乐趣。)”可知，小麦一开始是一个糟糕的选择。故选B。
14．C　推理判断题。根据第三段“In an attempt to track the answer, I accumulated a collection of nearly 1,200 data points covering more than 50 sites from the mid-Neolithic, about 9,000 years ago, to the collapse of the Eastern Han Dynasty in 220 AD.The sites were across 8 modern provinces, ranging from Gansu Province in the northwest to Shandong Province in the east.(为了找到答案，我收集了近1 200个数据点，涵盖了50多个地点，从大约9 000年前的新石器时代中期到公元220年东汉王朝的崩溃。这些遗址横跨8个现代省份，从西北部的甘肃省到东部的山东省。)”可知，第三段中的数字说明了作者认真对待这项研究。故选C。
15．D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But importantly, it can be sowed after millet has been harvested.That, we think, is the most likely reason why the people across northern China started to grow wheat.(但重要的是，它可以在谷子收获后播种。我们认为，这最有可能是中国北方人开始种植小麦的原因。)”可知，中国北方人种植小麦的主要原因是它有一个可选择的播种季节。故选D。
16．B　标题归纳题。根据第一段“Today China is the worldʼs biggest consumer of wheat.But it wasnʼt always that way.(如今，中国是世界上最大的小麦消费国。但事情并不总是这样的。)”以及第二段“But relatively little was known about exactly why this shift occurred.(但人们对这种转变发生的确切原因知之甚少。)”可知，文章介绍了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为主要农作物这种转变的原因。故B选项“为什么中国农民转向种植小麦？”最符合文章标题。故选B。