北京高考阅读表达专项模拟训练（附答案）

这是一份北京高考阅读表达专项模拟训练（附答案），共14页。
Fr millins f Facebk users, chsing which pht t use fr an nline prfile is an imprtant decisin. Accrding t a study by researchers at the UT Dallas Center, the phts we select may reflect individual preferences, but they als appear t reflect mre deeply rted, uncnscius cultural differences. Previus research has shwn that culture can affect nt nly language and custm, but 7als hw we experience the wrld and prcess infrmatin. Western cultures, fr example, cnditin peple t think f themselves as highly independent entities (实体), whereas East Asian cultures stress cllectivism and interdependence.
Dr. Denise Park, c-directr f the Center at UT Dallas, and frmer graduate student Dr. Chih-Ma Huang f the University f Illinis, were curius abut whether these patterns f cultural influence extend t cyberspace. In a paper published in the Internatinal Jurnal f Psychlgy, they examined the prfile phtgraphs f mre than 500 active Facebk users frm the United States and East Asia. Overall, they fund that prfile phts f Americans are mre likely t fcus n the individual’s face, while the prfiles f East Asians tend t less emphasize the face and include mre backgrund features. Americans als shw greater smile intensity cmpared t East Asian Facebk users.
The findings shw marked cultural differences in the fcus f attentin amng East Asian and American Facebk users. Mrever, they ech previus research n cultural influences n visual perceptin (感知), attentin, and reasning in the ffline wrld.
“We believe these findings relate t a cultural bias t be mre individualistic and independent in the US and mre cmmunal and interdependent in Asia,” said Park.
The research als fund that cultural influences ver ur self-presentatin nline can shift ver time and frm place t place. In ne f the study samples, Americans studying in Japan and Japanese studying in the United States bth shwed a tendency t adjust their prfile phts t the general preferences f their hst cuntry.
“Facebk cnstitutes an extended scial cntext in which persnal prfiles mirrr varius individual characteristics, private thughts, and scial behavirs,” nted Huang. “As such, the study presents a new apprach t investigate cgnitin and behavirs acrss cultures by using Facebk as a data cllectin platfrm.”
1．What may an nline prfile pht reflect?
2．Accrding t the research, hw are American and East Asian Facebk users different in chsing their prfile phts?
3．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
In ne f the study samples, Americans studying in Japan shwed a tendency t adjust their prfile phts t the general preferences f America.
4．Apart frm cultural differences, what ther factrs might influence ne’s chice f prfile pht n scial media?
二、阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Teenagers are learning new cmmunicatin skills every day. It is imprtant fr them t have pprtunities t netwrk, r t meet and get t knw new peple. Online netwrking, which is very ppular with teens tday, makes shrt, superficial cnnectins. But ffline netwrking better encurages meaningful cnnectins that will increase hpe, develp skills, and pen avenues t career pprtunity. Teens need t practice mre ffline netwrking. It will prepare them t be cnfident face-t-face cmmunicatrs in the real wrld.
A survey f almst 7,000 teens was cnducted in 2019 by three Swiss researchers, and they fund that teens were spending t much time n scial netwrking sites. S, they suggested that teens shuld spend mre time with thers in real life. It nt nly cntributes t a strnger sense f identity and a happier md, but als gives us the chance t share happiness with ther peple. In ther wrds, ffline netwrking seems t actually benefit a teen’s emtinal health.
Face-t-face cmmunicatin als gives teens an pprtunity t learn t read peple. Everyne cmmunicates in persn differently than cmmunicating ver the phne, thrugh texting, r in nline psts. Being face-t-face requires a persn t think and respnd mre quickly—withut the safety net f a delete key.
And much f ur cmmunicatin is nnverbal anyway. Facial expressins, gestures, and vcal tnes are just a few examples. Teens need t have face-t-face interactins s they can learn t read these nnverbal cues(暗示), which are smetimes even mre imprtant than the wrds a persn is saying. A time will cme when the teen will need t enter the jb market, and this usually means a face-t-face interactin, including interacting naturally with custmers, hearing and understanding their wrds as well as their nnverbal cues in many different kinds f businesses.
Offline netwrking is imprtant because it can imprve a teenager’s well-being and help prepare him fr the future. That’s why every teen shuld spend time practicing real-wrld interactins.
1．What is the disadvantage f nline netwrking?
2．What was the researchers’ suggestin t teens?
3．Read the fllwing statement, underline the false part f it and explain the reasn.
Hearing and understanding what a persn is saying is necessarily invlved in cmmunicatin, s peple get less frm nnverbal expressins.
Please present what yu can d t make effective face-t-face cmmunicatin in yur daily life. (abut 40 wrds)
三、阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
The last thing I wanted t hear when my gvernment-spnsred schlarship was withdrawn during my final year f cllege was: "Things are wrking ut fr yur wn gd. Just give them sme time." Thse wrds just stirred a lt f anger in me.
Then I read the stry f the Chinese bamb farmer, which gave me a different view n life. The seed f the Chinese bamb is planted in the grund like every seed. It is watered, and fed with nutrients daily, but it shws n immediate physical respnse and desn't appear t grw. The farmer cntinues t water and feed the seed in year ne, year tw, and year three. N grwth is seen until the furth year, when the seed finally breaks thrugh the grund. Then, in the space f just five weeks, it grws ninety feet tall. The Chinese bamb grws t its full capacity within 5 years.
Despite nt seeing an immediate result, the farmer had trust in what he was ding. He cntinued t water and feed the plant fr fur years, because he believed that if he played his wn rle and did all that a farmer was suppsed t d, then he wuld be given his reward at the right time. That trust and patience is what kept the farmer persistently feeding his seed fr fur years befre enjying the reward in the end.
Life is nt always straightfrward. Mst ften, it's nt a matter f 5+5 =10 (Sum 1).
Life can be mre like 2+1+2+0+0+0+1+2+0+0+1 + 1=10 (Sum 2).
Bth sums lead t the same result, but thrugh quite different paths and prcesses. T be mature is t accept that things might lk rugh right nw but the stry can still have a great ending.
We might live in a micrwave generatin where everything seems t happen instantly; but many things still bey the laws f nature. Just ding what yu are suppsed t be ding, having patience like the Chinese bamb farmer, and trusting that things will wrk ut fr yu can help yu get thrugh the tughest times.
1．What happened t the authr in the final year f cllege?
2．Hw des the Chinese bamb grw in the furth year?
3．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
T vercme difficulties, we need t trust that things will wrk ut and simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme.
Which is yur life mre like, Sum 1 r Sum 2? Explain why. (abut 40 wrds)
四、阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Shared Services Need Mre Imaginatin
Suppse yu need t drill a hle in the wall t hang an item but d nt wn a pwer drill. Yu may regard it as expensive t buy a pwer drill and cnsider renting ne. Sharing is the slutin. The sharing industry is an emerging, highly flexible ecnmic netwrk that allws peple t share resurces, either free r fr a fee.
The imprtant idea f the sharing industry is that peple might nly need an item fr a relatively shrt perid. The private part f shared services has been mving twards this area since the beginning f the 1980s, and then the public part has taken nte f the benefits and cntinued fr best practice. The United States and Australia amng thers have had shared services in gvernment since the late 1990s.
With the rise f the sharing industry, the best-knwn shared bikes and shared cars have gt a lt f public attentin. This kind f transprtatin is s envirnmentally-friendly that it is increasingly ppular amng peple in many cities.
Of curse shared services dn’t need t be limited t machines. The real pay-ff in shared services prbably lies in renting ut smaller, less heavy items. Fr example, in tday’s casual envirnment, yu dn’t need a tie unless yu’re ging t a wedding r a jb interview. S sme cmpanies wuld let yu pick up a tie when yu needed it and nly when yu needed it. Anther example is an umbrella-sharing service. Since visitrs dn’t want t be carrying umbrellas all the way, it wuld be cheaper and easier t simply brrw an umbrella n ne street crner and drp it ff n anther.
Recently rganisatins that have centralised their IT functins have begun t take a clse lk at the technlgy services that their IT departments prvide fr custmers, evaluating where it makes sense t prvide technlgy cmpnents. E-mail and scanning (扫描) peratins were bvius early candidates. Many rganisatins are nw ffering their dcument-intensive peratins as a shared service. There is n dubt that peple are calling fr the expansin f shared services t mre and mre areas.
1．What is the sharing industry?
2．Why des shared transprtatin receive attentin frm peple?
3．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
* Shared services are getting increasingly ppular fr their cnvenience, but there are still calls fr expansin t wider areas because they are currently restricted t machines.
Please prvide anther example f shared services and explain yur reasn. (abut 40 wrds)
五、阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Judgement is a quality that is hard t define but imprtant t pssess. Sir Andrew Likierman f the Lndn Business Schl suggests that judgment is “the cmbinatin f persnal qualities with relevant knwledge and experience t frm pinins and take decisins”. And he argues that, thus defined, judgment invlves a prcess—taking in infrmatin, deciding whm and what t trust, summarizing ne’s persnal knwledge, checking any prir beliefs r feelings, summarizing the available chices and then making the decisin.
Expert knwledge can be useful in making judgments. But it is nt the same thing. “Academics have expert knwledge,” Sir Andrew bserves. “They dn’t necessarily have judgment.” Peple with judgment knw when they are ut f their depth in making a decisin and typically then seek the advice f smene wh has the right backgrund and knwledge. “While gd judgment is imprtant t success,” Sir Andrew cautins, “success is nt a signal that there has been gd judgment.”
The degree f judgment required tends t increase as peple take n mre respnsibility. Thse with rutine tasks generally have limited scpe fr judgment. Line supervisrs have sme discretin (自行决定权). Fr a chief executive, the prprtin f decisins invlving judgment is high. Deciding nt t take actin is als a judgment with ptentially serius cnsequences (fr example, “I wn’t get vaccinated” r “I wn’t pay my bills”). The wrld is full f peple whse lack f judgment brught their careers r persnal life crashing dwn. Many made the cmmn mistake f assuming everything was fine.
As artificial intelligence gets used fr mre and mre rutine tasks in the service sectr, exercising judgment may be ne area where humans retain an edge ver machines. This is far frm certain, hwever. With enugh practice, machines may be able t recgnize these implicit cues and thus display the equivalent f gd judgment. But then, perhaps humans can be taught, t. In the lng run, ne f the trickiest aspects f human judgment may be knwing precisely when t let machines take decisins and when t leave it t peple.
1．What’s Sir Andrew’s definitin f judgement?
2．Why des Andrew say that expert knwledge is nt the same as making judgements?
3．Please decide which part f the fllwing statement is false, then underline it and explain why.
Gd judgement is imprtant t success and a successful persn definitely has gd judgement.
Please list a factr except “judgement” that can lead t success and explain why. (abut 40 wrds)
参考答案：
一．1．It may reflect individual preferences and mre deeply rted, uncnscius cultural differences.
2．Facebk users in America are mre likely t use prfile phts that fcus n their faces, while the phts f East Asians tend t less emphasize the face and include mre backgrund features. Americans als shw greater smile intensity cmpared t East Asian Facebk users.
3．In ne f the study samples, Americans studying in Japan shwed a tendency t adjust their prfile phts t the general preferences f America.
Americans studying in Japan shwed a tendency t adjust their prfile phts t the general preferences f their hst cuntry because the culture f their hst cuntry has an influence n their self-presentatin nline.
4．I think apart frm cultural differences, age and ne’s wrking area may affect ne’s chice f prfile phts n scial media.
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我们在社交媒体选择的照片作为自己的头像可能反映了个人偏好，但它们似乎也反映了更根深蒂固的、无意识的文化差异。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Accrding t a study by researchers at the UT Dallas Center, the phts we select may reflect individual preferences, but they als appear t reflect mre deeply rted uncnscius cultural differences.(根据德克萨斯大学达拉斯中心研究人员的一项研究，我们选择的照片可能反映了个人偏好，但它们似乎也反映了更根深蒂固的、无意识的文化差异。)”可知，在线个人资料照片会反映出个人偏好和更加根深蒂固，无意识的文化差异。故答案为It may reflect individual preferences and mre deeply rted, uncnscius cultural differences。
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Overall, they fund that prfile phts f Americans are mre likely t fcus n the individual’s face, while the prfiles f East Asians tend t less emphasize the face and include mre backgrundfeatures. Americans als shw greater smile intensity cmpared t East Asian Facebk users.(总的来说，他们发现美国人的头像照片更倾向于关注个人的面部，而东亚人的头像往往不太强调面部，包含更多的背景特征。与东亚脸书用户相比，美国人的微笑程度也更高。)”可知，Facebk用户在美国的档案照片更有可能关注他们的脸，而东亚人的照片往往不太强调面部，包括更多的背景特征。与东亚脸书用户相比，美国人的微笑程度也更高。故答案为Facebk users in America are mre likely t use prfile phts that fcus n their faces, while the phts f East Asians tend t less emphasize the face and include mre backgrund features. Americans als shw greater smile intensity cmpared t East Asian Facebk users。
3．考查细节理解。根据第五段“The research als fund that cultural influences ver ur self-presentatin nline can shift ver time and frm place t place. In ne f the study samples, Americans studying in Japan and Japanese studying in the United States bth shwed a tendency t adjust their prfile phts t the general preferences f their hst cuntry.(研究还发现，文化对我们在线自我表达的影响会随着时间和地点的变化而变化。在其中一个研究样本中，在日本留学的美国人和在美国留学的日本人都倾向于根据所在国的总体喜好来调整自己的头像。)”可知，在日本留学的美国人倾向于根据所在国的总体喜好来调整个人资料照片，因为所在国的文化会影响他们在网上的自我表现。故答案为In ne f the study samples, Americans studying in Japan shwed a tendency t adjust their prfile phts t the general preferences f America.
Americans studying in Japan shwed a tendency t adjust their prfile phts t the general preferences f their hst cuntry because the culture f their hst cuntry has an influence n their self-presentatin nline。
开放性题目。我认为除了文化差异之外，年龄和一个人的工作领域可能会影响一个人在社交媒体上选择个人资料照片。故答案为I think apart frm cultural differences, age and ne’s wrking area may affect ne’s chice f prfile phts n scial media。
二、1．Online netwrking makes shrt, superficial cnnectins, which is nt helpful in real life.
2． They suggested that teens shuld spend mre time with thers in real life.
3．Hearing and understanding what a persn is saying is necessarily invlved in cmmunicatin, s peple get less frm nnverbal expressins.
Accrding t the text"And much f ur cmmunicatin is nnverbal anyway. Facial expressins, gestures, and vcal tnes are just a few examples. Teens need t have face-t-face interactins s they can learn t read these nnverbal cues(暗示), which are smetimes even mre imprtant than the wrds a persn is saying." , we knw that the nnverbal expressins are mre imprtant than the wrds.
First f all, we shuld knw urselves well, such as the talent and hbbies. Then, we shuld take part in sme relevant activities which are suitable fr us. And frm these experience, we can make friends and imprve ur ability t face-t-face cmmunicatin.
解析：
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了线下人与人之间面对面的交流对于青少年的重要性。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Online netwrking, which is very ppular with teens tday, makes shrt, superficial cnnectins. ”可知，如今，网络社交在青少年中非常流行，它只建立了短暂而肤浅的联系。故答案为Online netwrking makes shrt, superficial cnnectins, which is nt helpful in real life.
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“S, they suggested that teens shuld spend mre time with thers in real life. ”可知，因此，他们建议青少年应该花更多的时间在现实生活中与他人相处。故答案为They suggested that teens shuld spend mre time with thers in real life.
3．考查推理判断。根据第四段中“And much f ur cmmunicatin is nnverbal anyway. Facial expressins, gestures, and vcal tnes are just a few examples. Teens need t have face-t-face interactins s they can learn t read these nnverbal cues(暗示), which are smetimes even mre imprtant than the wrds a persn is saying.”可知，我们的很多交流都是非语言的，比如面部表情、手势和语调。青少年需要面对面的交流,这样他们就可以学习阅读这些非语言的暗示(暗示),有时甚至比这个人说的话更重要。故答案为Hearing and understanding what a persn is saying is necessarily invlved in cmmunicatin, s peple get less frm nnverbal expressins.Accrding t the text"And much f ur cmmunicatin is nnverbal anyway. Facial expressins, gestures, and vcal tnes are just a few examples. Teens need t have face-t-face interactins s they can learn t read these nnverbal cues(暗示), which are smetimes even mre imprtant than the wrds a persn is saying." , we knw that the nnverbal expressins are mre imprtant than the wrds.
4．考查生活常识。本篇文章主要内容讲述了现实生活中面对面的沟通，可以锻炼青少年的各种能力，对将来的就业和生活都有好处。因此从这个角度出发，青少年平时应该增加线下交流的方式，参考方法如下：首先要了解自己擅长和喜欢什么领域，然后多参加相关的活动，多交该领域的朋友，从而锻炼自己的沟通能力。故答案为First f all, we shuld knw urselves well, such as the talent and hbbies. Then, we shuld take part in sme relevant activities which are suitable fr us. And frm these experience, we can make friends and imprve ur ability t face-t-face cmmunicatin.
三、1．The authr's gvernment-spnsred schlarship was withdrawn.
2．The seed finally breaks thrugh the grund and the bamb grws ninety feet tall in five weeks.
3．T vercme difficulties, we need t trust that things will wrk ut and simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme.
(1)Accrding t the passage, t vercme difficulties, we need t d what we are suppsed t be ding rather than simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme.
(2)T vercme difficulties, we need t trust things will wrk ut, have patience and d what we are suppsed t be ding.
4．Sum 2. My life is als full f ups and dwns. Fr example, I was never gd at chemistry and failed the mid-exam in senir 1. With patience and determinatin, I made every effrt t turn the tide. It was nt a smth path, but I gt an A in the final exam in senir 3.
解析：
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。在大学最后一年作者的政府奖学金被取消了，这让他很生气，但是在读了一篇中国竹农的故事后，作者明白了生活并不是一帆风顺的，通常情况下，做你应该做的事，像中国的竹农一样有耐心，相信事情会解决的，这能帮助你度过最艰难的时刻。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“The last thing I wanted t hear when my gvernment-spnsred schlarship was withdrawn during my final year f cllege was(当我的政府奖学金在大学最后一年被取消时，我最不想听到的就是)”可知，在大学最后一年作者的政府奖学金被取消了。故答案为The authr's gvernment-spnsred schlarship was withdrawn.
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段倒第三句和倒第二句“N grwth is seen until the furth year, when the seed finally breaks thrugh the grund. Then, in the space f just five weeks, it grws ninety feet tall. (直到第四年，种子终于破土而出时，才开始生长。然后，仅仅5个星期，它就长到了90英尺高)”可知，在第四年种子最终破土而出，竹子在5个星期后长到了90英尺高。故答案为The seed finally breaks thrugh the grund and the bamb grws ninety feet tall in five weeks.。
3．考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句“Just ding what yu are suppsed t be ding, having patience like the Chinese bamb farmer, and trusting that things will wrk ut fr yu can help yu get thrugh the tughest times. (做你应该做的事，像中国的竹农一样有耐心，相信事情会解决的，这能帮助你度过最艰难的时刻)”可知，并不是只要耐心地等待就好了，还要做你应该做的事，耐心等待，相信事情会解决的。所以“simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme”处错误，答案为(1)Accrding t the passage, t vercme difficulties, we need t d what we are suppsed t be ding rather than simply wait patiently fr the great ending t cme. (2)T vercme difficulties, we need t trust things will wrk ut, have patience and d what we are suppsed t be ding.
4．考查开放性回答。根据最后一段最后一句“Just ding what yu are suppsed t be ding, having patience like the Chinese bamb farmer, and trusting that things will wrk ut fr yu can help yu get thrugh the tughest times. (做你应该做的事，像中国的竹农一样有耐心，相信事情会解决的，这能帮助你度过最艰难的时刻)”可知，生活不是一蹴而就，而是通过一点一点的努力，耐心的等待和坚定的信念来达到目标，所以答案最好是回答你的生活像Sum 2一样，并按照最后一段最后一句来解释原因，可以通过举出生活中的具体例子来体现。故答案为Sum 2. My life is als full f ups and dwns. Fr example, I was never gd at chemistry and failed the mid-exam in senir 1. With patience and determinatin, I made every effrt t turn the tide. It was nt a smth path, but I gt an A in the final exam in senir 3.
四、1．The sharing industry is an ecnmic netwrk that allws peple t share resurces, either free r fr a fee.
2．Because it ffers envirnmentally-friendly means f transprtatin t peple in cities.
3．Shared services are getting increasingly ppular fr their cnvenience, but there are still calls fr expansin t wider areas because they are currently restricted t machines.
Accrding t the passage, presently shared services include nt nly machines but als smaller, less heavy items, such as ties and umbrellas.
4．(1) Sharing bks is a gd type f shared services. Peple can share and read the bks they like withut pay r with nly a little mney, s that they will imprve their knwledge and enrich their life. Thus I think it is well wrth spreading.
(2) Sharing platfrms is a gd type f shared services. Fr example, resurces can be shared there. Anther example is that in a cmmunity, ld peple can learn hw t use cmputers and smartphnes with the help f it. Thus I think it is well wrth spreading.
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了共享服务的理念及发展，指出共享服务需要更多的想象力，人们正在呼吁将共享服务扩展到越来越多的地区。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“The sharing industry is an emerging, highly flexible ecnmic netwrk that allws peple t share resurces, either free r fr a fee. (共享产业是一个新兴的、高度灵活的经济网络，允许人们免费或收费共享资源)”可知，共享产业是一个经济网络，允许人们免费或收费共享资源。故答案为The sharing industry is an ecnmic netwrk that allws peple t share resurces, either free r fr a fee.
2．考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“This kind f transprtatin is s envirnmentally-friendly that it is increasingly ppular amng peple in many cities. (这种交通工具非常环保，在很多城市越来越受欢迎)”可知，因为它为城市里的人们提供了环保的交通工具，所以共享交通受到人们的关注。故答案为Because it ffers envirnmentally-friendly means f transprtatin t peple in cities.
3．考查推理判断。根据第四段第二句“The real pay-ff in shared services prbably lies in renting ut smaller, less heavy items. (共享服务的真正回报可能在于出租较小、较轻的物品)”，第四句“S sme cmpanies wuld let yu pick up a tie when yu needed it and nly when yu needed it. (因此，一些公司会让你在需要的时候挑选领带，而且只在你需要的时候)”和第五句“Anther example is an umbrella-sharing service. (另一个例子是雨伞共享服务)”可知，共享服务并不仅仅是局限于机器，因为现在的共享服务不仅包括机器，还包括较小、较轻的物品，如领带和雨伞。所以“because they are currently restricted t machines”处错误，应在此处画下划线，原因是现在的共享服务不仅包括机器，还包括较小、较轻的物品，如领带和雨伞。故答案为Accrding t the passage, presently shared services include nt nly machines but als smaller, less heavy items, such as ties and umbrellas.
4．考查开放性回答。答题时应先举出文中没有提到的一个共享服务的例子，再解释原因。参考答案为(1) Sharing bks is a gd type f shared services. Peple can share and read the bks they like withut pay r with nly a little mney, s that they will imprve their knwledge and enrich their life. Thus I think it is well wrth spreading.
(2) Sharing platfrms is a gd type f shared services. Fr example, resurces can be shared there. Anther example is that in a cmmunity, ld peple can learn hw t use cmputers and smartphnes with the help f it. Thus I think it is well wrth spreading.
五、1．He defines judgment as the cmbinatin f persnal qualities with relevant knwledge and experience t frm pinins and take decisins.
2．Because sme peple may have expert knwledge, but they dn’t necessarily have judgment.
3．Gd judgement is imprtant t success and a successful persn definitely has gd judgement.
Accrding t the passage, success is nt a signal that there has been gd judgment.
略
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了判断对于成功的重要性。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Sir Andrew Likierman f the Lndn Business Schl suggests that judgment is “the cmbinatin f persnal qualities with relevant knwledge and experience t frm pinins and take decisins”.（伦敦商学院的Andrew Likierman爵士认为，判断力是“个人素质与相关知识和经验的结合，以形成意见和作出决定”。）”可知，安德鲁爵士对判断的定义是他将判断定义为个人素质与相关知识和经验的结合，以形成意见和作出决定。故答案为He defines judgment as the cmbinatin f persnal qualities with relevant knwledge and experience t frm pinins and take decisins.
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段““Academics have expert knwledge,” Sir Andrew bserves. “They dn’t necessarily have judgment.”（“学者拥有专业知识，”安德鲁爵士说。“他们不一定有判断力。”）”可知，安德鲁说专业知识和判断是不一样的是因为有些人可能有专业知识，但他们不一定有判断力。故答案为Because sme peple may have expert knwledge, but they dn’t necessarily have judgment.
3．考查细节理解。根据第二段““While gd judgment is imprtant t success,” Sir Andrew cautins, “success is nt a signal that there has been gd judgment.”（“虽然良好的判断力对成功很重要，”安德鲁爵士警告说，“成功不是一个有良好判断力的信号。”）”可知，成功不是有良好判断的信号。故答案为Gd judgement is imprtant t success and a successful persn definitely has gd judgement.
Accrding t the passage, success is nt a signal that there has been gd judgment.
4．开放题。列出除“判断”之外的一个能导致成功的因素，并解释原因。例如态度，性格，情商等，言之有理即可。