2023届高考英语阅读理解专练（5）新闻报道类

这是一份2023届高考英语阅读理解专练（5）新闻报道类，共19页。
（5） 新闻报道类

一、
Big changes in agriculture are taking place in Singapore. The small, Southeast Asian nation is leading a farming revolution.
Singapore covers 724 square kilometers of land and only one percent of that land is used for agriculture. Food production costs are higher there than the rest of Southeast Asia. As climate change and population growth threaten food supplies, the pressure is on new farmers to answer the government’s call—to grow more with less.
“Whenever I talk about food security in Singapore, I tell people not to think land-think space because you can go upwards and sideways.” said Paul Teng, an agriculture professor at Nanyang Technological University.
There are more than 30 vertical(垂直的) farms in Singapore-ones that grow up not across the land. Sustenir Agriculture is one of these businesses. Its hydroponic(水栽法的) farm grows non-native foods like cherry, tomatoes and strawberries inside buildings under artificial lighting. Then it sells the produce to local supermarkets and online stores. Sustenir raised $16 million from investors(投资人) ast year. The money will be used to expand operations in Singapore and open in Hong Kong.
However, not everyone thinks the new technology is best. Egg farmer Milliam Ho says the government should not depend so much on agriculture technology businesses. “Many of them have failed. That’s why I’m always asking the government, ‘Why don`t you invest in us old-timers?’ We are more practical,” he said. Professor Paul Teng said an issue for urban farmers is that the high cost of the technology makes their products too pricey for many people.
1.What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A.High food production costs. B.Reasons for changes in agriculture.
C.Agricultural technology businesses. D.Sale expansion of food markets.
2.According to Paul Teng, the way to achieve food security is
A.expanding farmland upwards B.buying more food
C.developing facilities D.investing more money
3.What do we know about the old-timers?
A.They work on high-tech farms. B.They benefit from pricey products.
C.They need government’s support. D.They reduce production costs.
4.What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A.To criticize people’s traditional view of farming.
B.To support the growth of vertical farming in Singapore.
C.To introduce the latest development in Singapore’s agriculture.
D.To emphasize the importance of traditional agriculture.
二、
A growing number of Americans are turning gas-powered vehicles into electric ones by using a process called an electric power train conversion. Such conversions are becoming more popular as battery technology gets better and the world turns toward cleaner energy sources.
Kevin Erickson owns a 1972 Plymouth Satellite that he renamed “Electrollite” after conversion. Now, the car can go from a still position to 97 kilometers per hour in about three seconds. Its top speed is almost 250 kilometers per hour.
Jonathan Klinger is vice president of car culture for Hagerty Insurance. He said converting classic cars into EVs is "definitely a trend", although research on the activity is limited. In May, the Michigan-based company did a web-based study of about 25,000automobile lovers. The top three reasons for converting the vehicles were for better performance, for a fun project, and because of environmental concerns. He doesn't think electric motors will replace all gas engines. Some car lovers want to keep the sound of older cars' original engines. Electric conversions require special knowledge to complete. They also involve many difficulties like safety concerns. And then there is the price.
Sean Moudry, who co-owns Inspire EV, a small conversion business near Denver, recently worked on a 1965 Ford Mustang. The year-and-a-half-long project cost more than $100,000. Moudry and his partners replaced the gas engine with a motor from a crashed Tesla Model S. He says many people don't have the resources necessary to carry out this kind of project. As a result, he says, it will take 20 years for electric conversions to become common.
But that reality could be coming sooner than expected, says Mike Spagnola, president and CEO of the Specialty Equipment Market Association (SEMA), a trade group. He said that electric vehicle products took about 1950 square meters of marketing space at SEMA's yearly show in Las Vegas this fall. That was up from only 232 square meters at the 2021 show. I'm John Russell.
5.In which aspect do electric vehicles benefit from the conversion?
A.Performing better. B.Cleaning energy sources.
C.Maintaining speed. D.Bettering battery technology.
6.How many factors contribute to gas-powered vehicles not being replaced according toKlinger?
A.3. B.4. C.5. D.6.
7.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Selling an old car. B. Buying a gas-powered vehicle.
C.Doing a web-based study. D. Converting a car to an electric one.
8.What can we know about the writer of the passage?
A. He loves classic cars. B.He repairs old cars.
C.He is probably a broadcaster. D. He is good at engineering.
三、
Almost all calligraphy (书法) lovers agree that writing characters with a brush and ink on straw paper offers a way to communicate with not only history and culture, but also oneself. But now Chinese character handwriting is under threat from computers and mobile phones.
A college graduate looking for a job was reportedly turned down by a company because he wrote 24 characters incorrectly in a 400-character handwritten resume. A survey by HorizonKey, covering people from 12 major cities in China, found that nearly one third of those interviewed often experience "character amnesia (遗忘)", with 94 percent saying this is a problem for them.
The main reason is that most Chinese rely too much on the pinyin-based Chinese language input method which is replacing the tradition of writing characters stroke (笔划) by stroke. The software will conveniently choose the right characters according to the context or word frequency, as there are dozens of characters with the same pronunciation in Chinese.
Education is another problem. In college, most homework and papers are printed out, instead of handwritten. And few teachers use chalk and blackboards, with Microsoft’s PowerPoint the most-often used software to teach knowledge to students.
The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason why students are easily satisfied with just a poor knowledge of the Chinese language and characters. It is quicker to look up a character in an electronic dictionary, but traditional printed dictionaries offer more detailed information on the usage and meaning of the characters. Students pay more attention to remembering a character's pronunciation, but not the other knowledge related to it, which e-dictionaries rarely provide.
Another worry is the “pollution” of Chinese characters by Internet language. Young people regard using Internet language as cool and fashionable. After they learn to use these expressions, they automatically include them in their writing.
9.With the example of a college graduate, the author shows _____.
A. that practicing can improve writing
B. why certain people are poor writers
C. that there are differences in students’ writing
D. why Chinese character handwriting is in great danger
10.By saying “...those interviewed often experience character amnesia (遗忘)”, the writer means those interviewed _____.
A. are not good at handwriting B. can’t write characters accurately
C. show no interest in handwriting D. find jobs much more difficultly
11.What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 5?
A. Dependence on electronic devices.
B. Advantages of electronic dictionaries.
C. Mastery of knowledge of the characters.
D. Disadvantages of published dictionaries.
12.What’s the writer’s attitude towards the Internet language?
A. Favorable. B. Uncaring. C. Disapproving. D. Friendly.
四、
Livestock (牲畜) farmers are being unfairly described as evil and dangerous by vegans (纯素食者) and environmental advocates, experts from the University of Edinburgh and Scotland’s Rural College told their peers at a seminar in London, the Telegraph reports. The shocking view comes despite the urging of many climate scientists who say eating a plant-based diet is one of the best ways to reduce our current environmental crisis.
According to the Scottish scientists, it is not right to blame global warming on meat production—in fact, livestock farmers are producing cattle that are less harmful to the environment. Also, they argue, thanks to high protein, meat has a really important effect on the development of children worldwide, and fewer livestock farms wouldn’t necessarily mean more sustainable land use.
“Often the argument is made that going vegan would minimize land use, and the modeling studies that have been done show that that’s not the case,” said Geoff Simm, director of Global Academy Agriculture and Food Security at Edinburgh. “We feel that while livestock production has a range of economic, social and environmental costs and benefits, the costs have perhaps been receiving far more attention recently than some of the benefits.”
Mike Coffey of Rural College slammed veganism as “completely unnecessary”. “If everybody went vegan, it would be damaging to the UK environment,” he said. “Animals kept for food help increase biodiversity.” Edinburgh University professor Andrea Wilson added that the environmental impact of veganism has not been examined to the same degree. “We know a lot about the livestock sector (行业) because people have looked at it. We actually know very little about the vegan sector,” she said.
13.The environmental advocates think the livestock farmers _____.
A. are treated unfairly by vegans B. are to blame for global warming
C. can help improve the environment D. can offer plant-based diets for vegans
14.What do Scottish scientists think of livestock production?
A. Its use of land should be reduced.
B. It causes greater damage to the environment.
C. The nutrients provided can benefit children’s growth.
D. The costs of livestock production are greater than benefits.
15.The underlined word “slammed” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “_____”.
A. recognized B. criticized C. struck D. described
16.What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Veganism is becoming a major trend.
B. Going vegan won’t save the environment.
C. Where the livestock farming is leading us.
D. How we can solve the environmental crisis.
五、
    Blue and green honey may look cool, but beekeepers in northeastern France are not happy about their strange-looking new product.
    Over the past few months, beekeepers in Ribeauville, a town located in the Alsace region, have noticed that bees there have been making honey in many strange colors. Bees have been returning to apiaries (蜂房) with different colors coating their bodies. The colors then end up polluting the honey.
    A recent research showed that a nearby M&M’s factory is behind the change in color. Waste from the factory has been exposing the bees to a number of chemicals. Some of the chemicals are used in the outer shells of the candies, which come in many bright colors.
    The local beekeepers do not know if the polluted honey is dangerous to eat, but they are not taking any chances. They are throwing away the candy-colored honey, which means a big loss to local businesses. “For me, it’s not honey,” Alain Frieh, leader of the town’s beekeepers union, tells the Reuters news agency. “It’s not sellable.”
    The honey industry in this part of France has been suffering this year. According to Frieh, many bees died last winter or were unable to make honey because of the bad weather. This new problem of colored honey is hurting the beekeepers’ way of life even more.
    The region is home to about 2,400 beekeepers and 35,000 colonies of bees, according to Alsace’s chamber of agriculture. The beekeepers harvest approximately 1,000 tons of honey each year, making the product a big part of the region’s economy.
    Agrivalor is the company that processes the M&M’s factory’s waste. According to co-manager Philippe Meinrad, the company has been attempting to stop the pollution. “We discovered the problem at the same time they did,” Meinrad said. “We quickly put in place a procedure to stop it.”
17.How do local beekeepers respond to the candy-colored honey?
A. They like its strange but cool look.
B. They think the polluted honey is dangerous.
C. They require the factory to stop pollution.
D. They don’t want to take risks to sell the honey.
18.What caused strange-looking honey?
A. Special colonies. B. Terrible weather.
C. M&M’s factory. D. Agrivator company.
19.What is the attitude of Agrivalor company to the problem?
A. They take it seriously and they are taking measures.
B. They are pessimistic about dealing with the pollution.
C. They reject to do their part to compensate the beekeepers.
D. They admit the problem and have managed to stop the pollution.
20.Where is the text probably from?
A. A guide book. B. A news report.
C. An advertisement. D. A government document.
六、
Imagine a warm spring day 66 million years ago. Fish would have been swimming in the rivers in an area that's now North Dakota in the US. Seconds later, the serenity (宁静) was ended by destruction.
These could have been the very last moments of the dinosaur era when a city-sized asteroid (小行星) struck Earth, killing off three quarters of all species on the planet. According to a study published in Nature on Feb 23, the asteroid hit in springtime.
Researchers in 2019 discovered fossilized fishes in North Dakota that died shortly after the asteroid hit Earth. They examined the fossils with a particle accelerator and found out there was seasonal growth on the bones. All fish bone cell densities and volumes can indicate the season. Because the accelerator also could capture the sizes, researchers were able to determine when in the year the asteroid hit, Dennis Voeten, a researcher at Uppsala University in Sweden told USA Today.
The timing of the collision, at least for the Northern Hemisphere, came at a particularly sensitive stage. "I think spring puts a large group of the late Cretaceous biota (白垩纪生物) in a very vulnerable spot because they were out and about looking for food, tending to offspring and trying to build up resources after the harsh winter." Melanie During, the main author of the study, said at a news briefing.
In the Southern Hemisphere, it was autumn, a season when many creatures prepare for winter. Therefore, life in the Southern Hemisphere was a lot more prepared for this event.
It is unclear whether small animals in the Northern Hemisphere actual did worse than those in the south. There is evidence that Northern Hemisphere turtles were wiped out in the asteroid strike, after which their habitats were later repopulated by turtles from the south, Voeten told The Guardian.
21.On what basis did researchers determine the time of year the asteroid hit?
A. The kinds of fossilized fish cells.
B. The number of fish fossils in the area.
C. The appearance of different fish species.
D. The volume and density of fossilized fish bones.
22.What does the underlined word "offspring" most likely mean in paragraph 4?
A. The young. B. A season. C. The homeless. D. A creature.
23.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The time of the asteroid strike was the same around the globe.
B. There were still turtles in the Northern Hemisphere after the asteroid strike.
C. No creatures could survive the asteroid impact whether in the south or north.
D. The extinction of many species has little to do with the asteroid strike.
24.What's the main purpose of the article?
A. To discuss why dinosaurs went extinct.
B. To explain the science behind asteroids.
C. To explore the impact of the asteroid strike.
D. To report on new research on the asteroid strike.
七、
The world of work is changing. Are people ready for the new job outlook? A survey of 15- year-olds across 41 countries by the OECD(经合组织) has found that teenagers may have unrealistic expectations about the kind of work that will be available.
Four of the five most popular choices are traditional professional roles: doctors, teachers, business managers and lawyers. Teenagers cluster around the most popular jobs, with the top ten being chosen by 47% of boys and 53% of girls.
This selection is partly due to wishful thinking on the part of those surveyed. Furthermore, teenagers can hardly be expected to have an in-depth knowledge of labour-market trends. They encounter doctors and teachers in their daily lives. Other popular professions, such as lawyers and police officers, are familiar from films and social media.
Some parts of the OECD survey are disturbing. More boys than girls expect to work in science or engineering. The problem continues in higher education; with the exception of biological and biomedical sciences, degrees in STEM Subjects (science, technology, engineering and maths) are male-dominated. In America women earn just 35. 5% of undergraduate STEM degrees and 33. 7% of PhDs. Things are even worse in technology. In Britain only one in five computer-science university students is a woman. Women are underrepresented in some important fields of technology; they have only 12% of jobs in cloud computing, for example.
Women play a much bigger role in the health- and social-care sectors. The problem is that some of these jobs are not very well paid. Home-health and personal-care aides had median annual salaries in 2018 of just over 24,000. Some jobs in health care are extremely profitable, of course. But another gender imbalance emerges here: women make up only one-third of American health-care executives. In contrast, they tend to dominate the poorly paid social care workforce.
The biggest problem in the labour market, then, may not be that teenagers are focusing on a few well-known jobs. It could be a mismatch: not enough talented women move into technology and not enough men take jobs in social care. Any economist will recognise this as an inefficient use of resources. Wherever the root of the problem lies—be it the education system, government policy or corporate recruiting practices—it needs to be identified and fixed.
25.Many teenagers would like to choose some traditional jobs because_______.
A.they are ready for these jobs
B.these jobs are better known to them
C.these jobs live up to their expectations
D.they think these jobs are available to them
26.Where do most women work?
A.In engineering B.In technology. C.In health care. D.In business.
27.What would-the author most probably agree with?
A.The mismatch of resources requires improving.
B.Not enough men and women take jobs in society.
C.Teenagers have unrealistic expectations about jobs.
D.It's the education system that causes the problem in the labour market.
28.In which section of a magazine may this text appear ?
A.Entertainment. B.Education. C.Science. D.Career.
八、
Swiss designer Didier Rudolf Quarroz’s love of Chinese tea culture has inspired him to design innovative new items to brew the tea. Ouarroz developed an interest in Chinese tea after working at a Shanghai-based design company, where he was by chance engaged in a tea project.
His research helped him develop a deep understanding of the differences between Chinese and Western tea products. And this made him think about designing items for foreigners to brew Chinese tea. “I hope to design easy-to-use and modern tea-making tools to help foreigners try Chinese traditional tea and give them an interesting experience in brewing tea,” Quarroz says.
In 2017, he moved to Hangzhou, capital of East China’s Zhejiang province and a major tea-production base, to explore the possibilities of applying Western concepts in designing objects for Chinese tea. “I want to focus on the tea industry, and Hangzhou is a great fit because of the long history and profound culture of tea here,” Quarroz says.
Quarroz began to concentrate on the design of a tea infuser (注射器) to make brewing easier for foreigners. It’s a glass container with a silicone (硅胶) lid. All users need to do is to put the leaves inside, place it in a cup and add hot water.” The infuser can be taken out from the cup easily without users’ fingers being hurt by the hot water,” Quarroz says.
Hangzhou has a booming tea industry, which has offered the Swiss designer many opportunities to cooperate with local plantations and companies. “Driven by the love of Chinese tea, I cooperate with local companies and help them to develop new kinds of tea products. Also, we sometimes organize workshops to introduce different teas to the public,” Quarroz says.
Hangzhou also enables smooth business operations, he adds. “In general, it is easy to start a business in Hangzhou. And the government and agencies are increasing efforts to help and support young entrepreneurs, including us from foreign countries,” he adds. Quarroz says he plans to design 10 innovative tea-related products by combining Chinese tea culture with international elements.
29.Quarroz’s new items have the following features EXCEPT______.
A.being designed by hand
B.using Western concepts
C.making brewing easier for foreigners
D.providing interesting brewing experiences
30.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to the______.
A.container B.infuser C.lid D.leaf
31.What makes Hangzhou an ideal place for Quarroz to start a business in China?
A.Quarroz obtained many chances to cooperate with state-owned companies.
B.Hangzhou features a newly-built tea industry and has abundant tea projects.
C.Hangzhou organizes many workshops to introduce different teas to the public.
D.Quarroz can receive much help and support from the government and agencies.
32.What type of writing is the passage?
A.A biography. B.A news story. C.A travel journal. D.An advertisement.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：B
解析：段落大意题。根据第二段Singapore covers 724 square kilometers of land and only one percent of that land is used for agriculture. Food production costs are higher there than the rest of Southeast Asia.(新加坡占地724平方公里,只有1%的土地用于农业。那里的食品生产成本高于东南亚其他国家。)以及As climate change and population growth threaten food supplies, the pressure is on new farmers to answer the government's call—to grow more with less.(随着气候变化和人口增长威胁到粮食供应,新的农民面临着响应号召的压力--用更少的资源种植更多的粮食。)可知,本段主要介绍了农业结构变化的原因。故选B。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Whenever I talk about food security in Singapore, I tell people not to think land-think space because you can go upwards and sideways.(每当我谈到新加坡的粮食安全时,我告诉人们不要考虑土地,要考虑空间,因为你可以向上和横向。)可知,当Paul Teng谈论新加坡的粮食安全问题的时候,他告诉人们不要想土地,要想空间,因为你可以向上和横向发展。由此可以推断Paul Teng认为粮食安全的途径是可以通过向上扩大土地实现的。故选A。
3.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"That's why I'm always asking the government, 'Why don't you invest in us old-timers?' We are more practical," he said.(这就是为什么我总是问,你为什么不投资我们这些老前辈呢?我们更实际,他说。)可知,农户总是问政府为什么不在传统农户上投资即传统农户需要政府支持。故选C。
4.答案：C
解析：写作目的题。根据第一段Big changes in agriculture are taking place in Singapore. The small, Southeast Asian nation is leading a farming revolution.(新加坡的农业正在发生巨大变化。这个东南亚小国正在领导一场农业革命。)可知,文章主要介绍了新加坡建设空中农场解决国内食物短缺问题。故本文的目的是介绍新加坡农业的最新发展。故选C。
二、
5.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“The top three reasons for converting the vehicles were for better performance, for a fun project, and because of environmental concerns.”可知答案。
6.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后四句话“Some car lovers want to keep the sound of older cars' original engines. Electric conversions require special knowledge to complete. They also involve many difficulties like safety concerns. And then there is the price.”可知有四个方面的原因。
7.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“Sean Moudry, who co-owns Inspire EV, a small conversion business near Denver, recently worked on a 1965 Ford Mustang. The year-and-a-half-long project cost more than $100,000. Moudry and his partners replaced the gas engine with a motor from a crashed Tesla Model S.”可知画线部分指的是将燃气动力汽车转换成电动汽车。
8.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后的“I'm John Russell.”以及全文的内容可知本文是一篇新闻报道,作者很可能是一位播音员。
三、
9.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知,汉字书写面临电脑和手机的威胁,而第二段紧接着讲述了一名大学毕业生求职时被一家公司拒绝,因为他在一份400字的手写简历中写错了24个字;接下来的几段说明了汉字书写面临威胁的原因。由此可推知,作者用这个例子是为了阐释汉字书写处在威胁之中的原因。故选D。
10.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的"character amnesia(遗忘)" "problem"及所举一个大学毕业生书写多个错误汉字的例子可推知,作者在此表达受访者的汉字书写存在问题。故选B。
11.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的"The number of electronic devices in the classroom is thought to be another reason...to lookup a character in an electronic dictionary" (教室里电子设备的数量被认为是另一个原因。在电子词典中查找一个字符)可知,该段描述的是学生对电子产品过于依赖的现象。故选A。
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第六段的内容,尤其是第一句中的"pollution"可推知,作者对网络语言的使用持不赞成的态度。结合选项A.Favorable赞成的;B.Uncaring不关心的;C.Disapproving不赞成的;D.Friendly友好的。故选C。
四、
13.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段Livestock farmers are being unfairly described as evil and dangerous by vegans and environmental advocates, experts from the University of Edinburgh and Scotland's Rural College told their peers at a seminar in London, the Telegraph reports.爱丁堡大学和苏格兰乡村学院的专家在伦敦的一次研讨会上对同行们说,素食主义者和环境倡导者不公平地把畜牧业者描述为邪恶和危险的,可知环保倡导者认为畜牧业者是全球变暖的罪魁祸首,故选B。
14.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段Also, they argue, thanks to high protein, meat has a really important effect on the development of children worldwide, and fewer livestock farms wouldn't necessarily mean more sustainable land use.而且,他们认为,由于高蛋白,肉类对全世界儿童的发展有着非常重要的影响,畜牧场也越来越少不一定意味着更可持续的土地利用,可知苏格兰科学家认为所提供的营养有利于儿童的生长,故选C。
15.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第四段Mike Coffey of Rural College slammed veganism as completely unnecessary.乡村学院的迈克·科菲抨击纯素食主义是完全没有必要的,可知意为批判.A.recognised认可;B.criticized 批评;C.struck 打击;D.described 描述,故选B。
16.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。本文属于新闻报道类阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了畜牧业生产对环境的危害较小,而且肉类对全世界儿童的发展有着非常重要的影响,素食也不会减少土地利用.可知这篇文章主要讲吃纯素不会拯救环境,故选B。
五、
17.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段The local beekeepers do not know if the polluted honey is dangerous lo eat, but they are not taking any chances. They are throwing away the candy-colored honey.(当地养蜂人不知道被污染的蜂蜜食用是否危险,但他们不会冒险。他们正在扔掉糖果色的蜂蜜)"以及"It's not sellable.(它不(适合)卖。)可知,当地养蜂人不知道那些被染色的蜂蜜是否可食用,但他们没有冒险出售,而是把那些糖果色的蜂蜜扔掉了。故选D。
18.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段A recent research showed that a nearby M&M's factory is behind the change in color. Waste from the factory has been exposing the bees to a number of chemicals. Some of the chemicals are used in the outer shells of the candies, which come in many bright colors.(最近的一项研究表明,附近的M&M工厂是颜色变化的幕后推手。工厂的废物使蜜蜂暴露于多种化学物质中。一些化学物质被用于糖果的外壳,糖果有很多鲜艳的颜色。)可知,M&M's工厂是造成蜂蜜改变颜色的根源。故选C。
19.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段According to co-manager Philippe Meinrad, the company has been attempting to stop the pollution. "We discovered the problem at the same time they did," Meinrad said. "We quickly put in place a procedure to stop it."(据联合经理Philippe Meinrad称,该公司一直在试图阻止污染。"我们在他们发现问题的同时发现了问题,"Meinrad说。"我们很快制定了一个程序来阻止它。")可知,他们已经发现污染问题并且开始采取措施来治理污染。故选A。
20.答案：B
解析：文章来源题。根据第二段Over the past few months, beekeepers in Ribeauville, a town located in the Alsace region, have noticed that bees there have been making honey in many strange colors. Bees have been returning to apiaries (蜂房)with different colors coating their bodies. The colors then end up polluting the honey.(在过去的几个月里,位于阿尔萨斯地区的里贝维尔镇的养蜂人注意到,那里的蜜蜂一直在制造许多奇怪颜色的蜂蜜。蜜蜂已经回到了蜂房,身上涂着不同的颜色。这些颜色最终会污染蜂蜜。)可知,这是一篇关于法国维剑小镇上的蜜蜂酿出了许多奇怪颜色的蜂蜜以及导致该现象产牛的原因的新闻报道。A.A guide book一本指南;B.A news report一篇新闻报道;C.An advertisement一则广告;D.A government document一份政府文献。故选B。
六、
21.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“Researchers in 2019 discovered fossilized fishes in North Dakota that died shortly after the asteroid hit Earth. They examined the fossils with a particle accelerator and found out there was seasonal growth on the bones. All fish bone cell densities and volumes can indicate the season. Because the accelerator also could capture the sizes, researchers were able to determine when in the year the asteroid hit (2019年,研究人员在北达科他州发现了鱼类化石,它们在小行星撞击地球后不久死亡。他们用粒子加速器检查了这些化石,发现骨头上有季节性生长。所有的鱼骨细胞密度和体积都可以显示季节。由于加速器还可以捕捉到鱼骨细胞的大小,研究人员就能够确定小行星撞击地球的时间)”可推知,鱼骨化石的体积和密度与季节有关,而北达科他州发现的鱼类化石是死于小行星撞击地球后不久,所以研究这些鱼类化石的体积和密度就可以推出小行星撞击地球的时间,这就是研究人员确定小行星撞击地球的时间的基础。故选D项。
22.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。结合常识和第四段“I think spring puts a large group of the late Cretaceous biota(白垩纪生物) in a very vulnerable spot because they were out and about looking for food, attending to offspring and trying to build up resources after the harsh winter.(我认为春天将白垩纪晚期的一大群生物置于一个非常脆弱的位置,因为它们外出觅食,照顾offspring,并试图在严冬之后积累资源)”中“spring”和“attending to(照料)”可推知,春天是动物繁衍的季节,也是照料幼崽的季节,所以划线词offspring指“幼崽”与“The young”意思相近。故选A项。
23.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is evidence that Northern Hemisphere turtles were wiped out in the asteroid strike, after which their habitats were later repopulated by turtles from the south, Voeten told The Guardian.(沃滕在接受《卫报》采访时表示,有证据表明,北半球的海龟在小行星撞击中灭绝了,之后它们的栖息地又被来自南半球的海龟重新占据)”可推知,小行星撞击地球后,南半球的海龟重新占据了原来北半球海龟的栖息地,所以小行星撞击地球后,北半球仍然有海龟。故选B项。
24.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文,并结合第二段“These could have been the very last moments of the dinosaur era when a city-sized asteroid(小行星) struck Earth, killing off three quarters of all species on the planet. According to a study published in Nature on Feb 23, the asteroid hit in springtime.(这可能是恐龙时代的最后时刻一颗城市大小的小行星撞击地球,杀死了地球上四分之三的物种。根据2月23日发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究,小行星在春季撞击地球)”,文章介绍了研究人员通过对北达科他州发现的鱼类化石的研究确定了小行星撞击地球的时间,并对小行星撞击地球的时其它生物的情况作出推测,所以D项“报告关于小行星撞击的新研究”是这篇文章的写作目的。故选D项。
七、
25.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中This selection is partly due to wishful thinking on the part of those surveyed. Furthermore, teenagers can hardly be expected to have an in-depth knowledge of labour-market trends. They encounter doctors and teachers in their daily lives. Other popular professions, such as lawyers and police officers, are familiar from films and social media. “这种选择部分是出于被调查者的一厢情愿。此外，很难期望青少年对劳动力市场趋势有深入的了解。他们在日常生活中遇到医生和老师。其他受欢迎的职业，如律师和警察，在电影和社交媒体中很常见。”由此可知，许多青少年喜欢选择一些传统的工作，因为这些工作对他们来说比较熟悉。故选B。
26.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Women play a much bigger role in the health- and social-care sectors.“妇女在保健和社会保健部门发挥更大的作用。”由此可知，大多数女性在卫生保健工作。故选C。
27.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中It could be a mismatch: not enough talented women move into technology and not enough men take jobs in social care. Any economist will recognise this as an inefficient use of resources. Wherever the root of the problem lies—be it the education system, government policy or corporate recruiting practices—it needs to be identified and fixed.“这可能是一种错配:没有足够多的有才华的女性进入科技行业，也没有足够多的男性从事社会福利工作。任何经济学家都会承认，这是对资源的低效利用。无论问题的根源在哪里—无论是教育体系、政府政策还是企业招聘实践—都需要找到并解决。”由此判断出，作者最可能同意的是“需要改善资源的不合理分配。”故选A。
28.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段The world of work is changing. Are people ready for the new job outlook? A survey of 15- year-olds across 41 countries by the OECD(经合组织) has found that teenagers may have unrealistic expectations about the kind of work that will be available. “工作的世界正在发生变化。人们对新的工作前景做好准备了吗?经合组织(OECD)对41个国家15岁青少年进行的调查发现，青少年可能对未来可获得的工作抱有不切实际的期望。”和最后一段中Wherever the root of the problem lies—be it the education system, government policy or corporate recruiting practices—it needs to be identified and fixed.“无论问题的根源在哪里—无论是教育体系、政府政策还是企业招聘实践—都需要找到并解决。”由此判断出，短文出自报纸里的职业版块。故选D。
八、
29.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"In 2017, he moved to Hangzhou, capital of East China's Zhejiang province and a major tea-production base, to explore the possibilities of applying Western concepts in designing objects for Chinese tea.(2017年,他搬到了中国东部浙江省省会杭州，一个重要的茶叶生产基地,探索在中国茶叶设计对象中应用西方概念的可能性)"以及第四段"Quarroz began to concentrate on the design of a tea infuser to make brewing easier for foreigners. It's a glass container with a silicone lid. All users need to do is to put the leaves inside, place it in a cup and add hot water.(Quarroz开始专注于设计-种茶叶注射器，让外国人更容易冲泡。这是一个带然后加热水)"可知，Quarroz的新产品应用了西方概念，使得泡茶对外国人而言更容易，并可以提供有趣的泡茶经历，并没有提及这一产品是手工制作的。故选A项。
30.答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第四段"Quarroz began to concentrate on the design of a tea infuser to make brewing easier for foreigners. It's a glass container with a silicone lid. All users need to do is to put the leaves inside, place it in a cup and add hot water.(Quarroz开始专注于设计一种茶叶注射器， 让外国人更容易冲泡。这是一个带硅胶盖的玻璃容器。使用者所需要做的就是把茶叶放进去，把它放在杯子里，然后加热水)"可知，使用者需要将茶叶放在注射器里,然后将其放在杯子里加热水冲泡，所以it指代的是注射器。故选B项。
31.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"In general, it is easy to start a business in Hangzhou. And the government and agencies are increasing efforts to help and support young entrepreneurs, including us from foreign countries," he adds.(他补充道: "总的来说，在杭州创业很容易。政府和机构正在加大力度，帮助和支持年轻企业家，包括我们这些外国企业家。")可知， 杭州成为Quarroz在中国创业的理想之地是由于Quarroz可以从政府和机构那里得到很多帮助和支持。故选D项。
32.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"Swiss designer Didier Rudolf Quarroz's love of Chinese tea culture has inspired him to design innovative new items to brew the tea.(瑞士设计师Didier Rudolf Quarroz对中国茶文化的热爱激发了他设计创新茶具的灵感)"以及文章内容可知，本文主要报道了热爱中国茶的Quarroz设计发明出易于使用的现代泡茶工具的故事，所以文章是一篇新闻报道。 故选B项。