2023届高考英语阅读理解专练（8）历史文化类

这是一份2023届高考英语阅读理解专练（8）历史文化类，共19页。
（8） 历史文化类

一、
Professional courses, such as Masters in International Business or MIB, have been taken by many students in the last two decades. They are choosing new- age unconventional courses that guarantee a better future. MIB is a specialized course that teaches the international business. There are solid reasons for so much popularity of MIB course.
The course content and teaching methods of MIB differ from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration. It has been designed with the objective of developing professionals with an in-depth understanding and knowledge of the international trade. The course offers various advantages over the conventional MBA degree course.
The massive increase in the international business and foreign trade gives excellent job prospects to the new generation. Acquiring a degree of MIB offers outstanding growth of job opportunities. Those who want to pursue in the field of marketing also have a good future after completing the degree from a MIB college with a good reputation. Big multinational organizations look for talented people who can handle the job of International Marketing Manage, and people with MIB degrees are preferred. The job needs an in- depth understanding of the overseas markets, because it is the strategic post from the aspect of company's international business growth.
Since business finance and economics are covered at length in the courses of MIB, students have great job offers in the field of finance as well. Typically, organizations offer the position of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance. The specialization covers aspects of international taxes, accounts, budgeting and so on. People in this field are well-paid, and growth prospects are unlimited. After completing degree course from a reputed MIB college, there is a good opportunity in the banking and finance field as well. International banks appoint people who have an excellent grasp over the international banking policies, currency exchange, and international policies. Thus, MIB is the golden key to success with brilliant job opportunities in national and multinational areas.
1.How is the second paragraph mainly developed?
A.By analyzing causes. B. By proving definition.
C.By making comparisons. D. By providing examples.
2.Why do more and more people intend to acquire a degree of MIB?
A. It is required in the colleges. B. It contributes to great job offers.
C. It appeals to most of the graduates. D. It helps to start up one's own business.
3.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. People earn more in business field than in finance field.
B. The international finance controller is a high-quality job.
C. MIB holders are more promising in all careers than others.
D. International banks only accept employees from MIB colleges.
4.What's the writer's purpose of writing this article?
A. To predict the future trend of the MIB course.
B. To describe the development of the MIB course.
C. To promote the professional MIB course worldwide.
D.To explain why the MIB course is gaining popularity.
二、
Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That's how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.
I'm going to be honest-love for this book didn't hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense—the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical(隐喻性的) sense—scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It's a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times.
However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it's also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It's about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.
I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的) to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.
5.What does the writer think of the book?
A. Light and easy to read. B. Rich in philosophical ideas.
C. Fascinating but too descriptive. D. Too complicated for its theme.
6.What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner?
A. The war leads to their sensitivity.
B. They know each other at an early age.
C. The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow.
D. They both have a miserable childhood.
7.What particularly stirred the writer's emotions?
A. The book's dramatic ending. B. The book's beautiful imagery.
C. The characters' interconnected destiny. D. The suffering brought by World War II.
8.What is the purpose of this text?
A. To share the writer's feelings of a book.
B. To recommend a delightful bestseller.
C. To tell readers a heartbreaking story.
D. To analyze the structure of a book.
三、
Some events have been added to the 2024 Olympias, with breakdancing, surfing, and sport climbing among the recent additions. A group of terms come with them that are foreign to the French language. Some French-language purists point out it's too much to bear to rely on English to praise surfers on their "nose riding”-standing on the front of the board. They've decided they need a French solution.
The French government has created a team of language experts devoted to promoting the national language. They will meet periodically over the next couple of years to identify and define new sports terms. The French battle against the influence of other languages isn't new. In 1994,the Toubon law was passed, forcing the use of French in all government publications，contracts and advertisements. Yet it contained several loopholes（漏洞），which allow brands and companies to extensively use English. As a result, anglicisms-words from the English language used in another language-are becoming more obvious.
Julie Neveux, linguistics professor at Sorbonne University in Paris, said anglicisms are “sometimes estimated at just under 5% of the present vocabulary, but they are disturbing because they show that we follow an economy and cultural model other than our own.” They are particularly present in sports competitions and events, during which athletes from around the world are used to communicating in English. “Sport was one of the first areas to be globalized, “said sports historian Michael Attali.
Despite their best efforts, no committee has successfully prevented English from influencing everyday language. “Similar committees have been put in place in the past, but nothing has changed so far," said Attali.
"There are far fewer anglicisms in French than there are French words in English." said Neveux, adding these exchanges should not be seen as a threat. “All living languages exist by borrowing from each other. Languages only exist thanks to their impurity.”
9.What goal will the team of language experts try to achieve according to Paragraph 2?
A. To speed up the spread of French in the world.
B. To make French influence other languages.
C. To promote national brands and companies.
D. To decide on some new French sports terms.
10.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. English words. B. Anglicisms.
C. French expressions. D. Newly created phrases.
11.What's the result of the previous efforts to stop English from influencing other languages?
A. Fruitless. B. Remarkable. C. Important. D. Unmentioned.
12.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. English is the most popular of all.
B. All languages should stay pure.
C. Neveux welcomes the impurity of language.
D. The exchanges between languages should be avoided.
四、
Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal, this year's winners of the most famous award in architecture, are as surprised as anyone else. "Of course, we are very pleased,” Lacaton said. She and her partner smiled broadly.
Putting aside their wearing eyeglasses, Lacaton and Vassal could not be more different from an earlier generation of “architects". Lacaton and Vassal apply a belief—never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse - to their work on old urban buildings. Designs by Lacaton and Vassal have focused on perfecting low-income housing complexes, beautifully and functionally, while respecting — rather than displacing- the people who live there.
“Buildings are beautiful when people feel well in them," Lacaton explained. “When the light inside is beautiful and the air is pleasant, when the exchange with the outside seems easy and gentle, and when uses and sensations are unexpected." Vassal added, "There's a lot of violence in architecture. We try to be accurate. We try to work with kindness."
perfecting low-income housing complexes, beautifully and functionally, while respecting — rather than displacing- the people who live there.
When Lacaton and Vassal were asked to redesign a particularly large and ugly public housing building in Bordeaux in 2017, the residents told them they did not want to move, even temporarily, but that they wanted bigger units. The solution was to surround the building with large outdoor terraces (露天平台), adding sliding glass doors to each unit, and remaking the exterior from concrete to something gleaming(闪光的), modern and alive. Suddenly, everyone had roomy outdoor space, some of which was enclosed to be used during the winter as "winter gardens".
“Their approach of cost-effective, creative readaption could be a model for urban planning in the U.S., where destruction's been seen as a method of solving the worsening public housing in such cities as Chicago and St.Louis,” architecture professor Mabel 0. Wilson says. “And granted, there's a host of other issues as to why that happened. It's not the building. It's the absence of social services and lack of repair to buildings that made living in public housing impossible for residents.
13.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about Lacaton and Vassal?
A. Their housing standard. B. Their working principle.
C. Their living conditions. D. Their wearing style.
14.What do Lacaton and Vassal seek to do in their architecture work?
A. Rebuild old houses precisely.
B. Displace the settlers with great kindness.
C. Improve rather than knock down old buildings.
D. Extend space for people as much as possible.
15.Why does the author mention the public housing building in Bordeaux?
A. To stress the importance of winter gardens.t
B. To show the violence in tearing down buildings.
C. To reflect the cost of readapting houses.
D. To prove the possibility of improving old houses.
16.Why do people tend to knock down the worsening public housing, according to Wilson?
A. It saves the cost effectively.
B. It makes room for new creative buildings.
C. They lack awareness of social services.
D. There is no need to repair these buildings.
五、
By drawing patterns on the surface of a cup of tea, chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick displayed in a recent TV drama, has gone viral for its apparent similarity with modern latte art (咖啡拉花艺术). However, ten years ago, this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely. Zhang Zhifeng, a practitioner of chabaixi, found scenes of chabaixi in the drama aroused great interest among ordinary people.
Chabaixi can create endless patterns such as bamboos and mountains or even calligraphy. There are over a dozen steps, from grinding (碾碎) tea for fine powder to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth, and finally drawing the patterns. It is different from making latte because people use clear water as the object to put into the cup instead of milk. But when the water touches the surface of whipped (搅打起泡沫的) tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes. The process before the drawing is known as the tea-making technique, diancha, the quality of which is crucial to whether patterns can be successfully produced later.
“Chabaixi is one of the countless forms of tea-making techniques in China. The importance of chabaixi is that not only this technique is unique in the world, but also it gives us a window into people’s lifestyle in the Song Dynasty, a period of time when leisure activities in some ways resemble what we have now,” Zhang said.
Before chabaixi was discovered by TV audiences, the technique was listed as part of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recovered by Zhang Zhifeng, who spent nearly 30 years studying and researching the origins and making of tea, but for him it was all worth-while.
“This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history,” Zhang said.
17.What do the underlined words “gone viral” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A.Received good protection. B.Become popular quickly.
C.Started declining gradually. D.Maintained highly competitive.
18.What do we know about chabaixi?
A.It is painted with whipped milk.
B.It develops based on latte art.
C.It mainly describes beautiful scenery.
D.It involves complicated tea-making skills.
19.What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A.The origin of chabaixi. B.The uniqueness of chabaixi.
C.The significance of chabaixi. D.The development of chabaixi.
20.What can we infer about Zhang Zhifeng?
A.He teaches people the tea culture of the Song Dynasty.
B.He is leading young generations to innovate chabaixi.
C.He encourages people to pass on the technique of chabaixi.
D.He is committed to developing chabaixi through media.
六、
Pieter Bruegel’s 1565 realistic painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “The work describes farmers cutting wheat nearly as tall as they are,” Ghent University biologist Ive De Smet says. “Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding (培育) from the second half of the 20th century.” De Smet says he’s teaming up with art historian David Vergauwen of Amarant to look at things where they can spot differences in shape, in color, and in size. Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.
Friends since childhood, they took interest in plants in artwork and began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum in Russia—where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting by Flemish artist Frans Snyders.
“So if you think of a watermelon, you cut it through, it should be dark red on the inside. But that one appeared to be pale and white.” De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job. But Vergauwen said, “This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that’s the way it must have been.” Other paintings showed that both red and white watermelons were raised during the 17th century.
The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. Anyone could send pictures of relevant artwork and details of plants when they visit a museum or exhibit through the hashtag. But, they add, the sources need to be realistic. “If you’re going to use, for example, Picasso to understand how a pear looked, you might be misled.”
21.What can we learn from De Smet’s words in paragraph 1?
A. Humans have mainly fed on wheat since 1565.
B. Selective breeding affects agricultural structure.
C. Wheat has gone through great changes in height.
D. The scene in The Harvesters may be unbelievable.
22.What is Vergauwen’s attitude to the watermelon painted by Frans Snyders?
A. Curious. B. Disapproving. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
23.Why is the social media hashtag created?
A. To collect more paintings for their database.
B. To encourage people to focus on art.
C. To advertise their research database.
D. To share some historical plant artwork.
24.What is the text mainly about?
A. Ancient paintings focused on food crops.
B. Old art reveals agricultural information.
C. Two men create a database of plant artwork.
D. Plants today are different from their ancestors.
七、
In the 17th century, the Netherlands experienced a period of artistic prosperity known as the Dutch Golden Age. During this period, artists found inspiration in Northern Renaissance painting techniques, contributing to masterpieces like Girl with a Pearl Earring by Johannes Vermeer. Known as the “Mona Lisa of the North”, this painting represents the best of Dutch art and it has become one of art history’s most beloved paintings.
Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer is famous for his paintings of contemporary Delft, a city in Holland where the artist was born, lived and died. Girl with a Pearl Earring is Vermeer’s most well-known work of art. However, it did not attain international fame at its time of completion. That came about at the end of the 20th century, when it was featured in a special exhibition in Washington, D. C.
Girl with a Pearl Earring does not show a specific person. Instead, it shows an unknown girl dressed in grand clothing who, “like a vision coming from the darkness,” art historian Arthur K. Wheelock explained in the Johannes Vermeer catalogue, “belongs to no specific time or place.”
Vermeer is known for his ability to create shapes and forms using light rather than line. This characteristic approach to modeling is particularly evident in Girl with a Pearl Earring. First, he would “invent”, or create an initial drawing on the canvas. Then, he made a single colored underpainting. Next, he added color. And, finally, in order to make the piece extraordinarily bright, he would apply a thin layer of glaze to certain parts of the painting.
In addition to its fascinating context and appealing beauty, the piece is celebrated for the mystery that surrounds it. “When you think about the Mona Lisa, she is also looking at us, but she isn’t engaging—she’s sitting back in the painting, self-contained,” Tracy Chevalier, the author of the New York Times bestselling historical novel, Girl with a Pearl Earring, points out. “While Girl with a Pearl Earring is right there—there is nothing between her and us. She has this magical quality of being incredibly open and yet mysterious at the same time—and that is what makes her so appealing.”
25.What inspired the creation of Girl with a Pearl Earring?
A. Previous artists’ skills. B. The appearance of the girl.
C. Vermeer’s international fame. D. Encouragement from other artists.
26.What do we know about Girl with a Pearl Earring?
A. It is set in the artist’s birthplace.
B. It makes the artist famous overnight.
C. It describes a particular and exact girl.
D. It is regarded as a match for Mona Lisa.
27.What is the purpose of paragraph 4?
A. To introduce the subject of the painting.
B. To show techniques used in the painting.
C. To explain the artistic value of the painting.
D. To uncover the mystery behind the painting.
28.How does Tracy comment on Girl with a Pearl Earring?
A. By citing a theory. B. By giving a definition.
C. By offering an example. D. By making a comparison.
八、
To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilizations. Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.
In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west China.
Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.
To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 2lst Century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come.
29.How is the passage developed?
A. Cause and effect. B. Time sequence.
C. Problem and solution. D. Compare and contrast.
30.Which word can be used to describe Zheng He’s fleets?
A. Impressive. B. Worrisome. C. Aggressive. D. Fearful.
31.Which is Not the purpose of the Belt and Road Initiative?
A. To expand China’s territorial area on the ocean.
B. To promote communication with other countries.
C. To strengthen further cooperation with other countries
D. To encourage trade across the historic Silk Road areas.
32.Which is the best title of the text?
A. The Maritime Silk Road B. The great map of the world
C. Reaching out across the sea D. The Belt and Road Initiative
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段The course content and teaching methods of MIB differ from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration.(MIB的课程内容和教学方法与普通的MBA或 工商管理硕士有很大的不同)和The course offers various advantages over the conventional MBA degree course.(与传统的MBA学位课程相比, 该课程提供了各种优势)可知, 本段中主要通过对比MIB和MBA课程之间的区别来组织全文的。故选C。
2.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段Big multinational organizations look for talented people who can handle the job profile of International Marketing Manage, and people with MIB degrees are preferred.(大型跨国组织寻找能够处理国际营销管理工作的人才, 有MIB学位的人优先考虑)可知, 很多大型国际组织更喜欢聘用有MIB学位人才, 这是越来越多的人学习MIB课程的主要原因。故选B。 
3.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 Since business finance and economics are covered at length in the courses of MIB, students have great job offers in the field of finance as well. Typically, organizations offer the position of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance.(由于商业金融和经济学在MIB的课程中有很长的篇幅, 学生们在金融领域也有很好的工作机会。通常情况下, 组织会向那些完成金融专业化MIB的人提供国际 金融控制员的职位)可知, MIB课程中含有商业金融方面的课程, 而很多机构会把国际金融控 制师的工作给这些完成MIB学位的人, 说明国际金融控制师是一份高质量的工作。故选B。
4.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段 Professional courses, such as Masters in International Business or MIB, have been taken by many students in the last two decades. They are choosing new-age unconventional courses that guarantee a better future. MIB is a specialized course that teaches the international business. There are solid reasons for so much popularity of MIB course.(在过去的二十年中, 许多学生选修了国际商务硕士或MIB等专业课程。他们正在选择新时代的非传统课程, 以保证更好的未来。MIB是一门教授国际商务的专业课程。MIB课程如此受欢迎是有充分理由的)可知, 现在MIB课程越来越受欢迎。故选D。
二、
5.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。)”以及第二段“In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense—the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的) sense—scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two.(事实上,上个月我第一次尝试读它的时候,我把它放在一边,去找一些更简单、更轻松、描述性更少的书来读。但这本书是建立在美丽的意象之上的。无论是在字面意义上—20世纪40年代的巴黎和德国的物理世界,还是在隐喻意义上—对光的科学和哲学参考,看到和看不到,以及两者之间的差异。)”可知,在作者看来,这部书很吸引人,同时又极具描述性。故选C。
6.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it's also an upsetting story of a childhood tom apart by war.”(然而,当我们进入这本二战小说的核心部分时,它也是一个关于被战争撕裂的童年的令人沮丧的故事。)根据第三段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情,每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)”可知,这两个人的童年都很悲惨。故选D。
7.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情,每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)”以及最后一段“These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.(我们被介绍的这两种生活似乎是两个不同的世界,但他们走到一起,互相影响。正是这一点,而不是那些可以预见的可怕的战争故事,让我感到非常激动。)”可知,打动作者的正是这种人物相互关联的命运。故选C。
8.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That's how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。这就是我对它的描述。从诗意的语言,到意识到标题的真正含义:在历史的表面下,有未被看到的光,和未被讲述的故事。)”以及最后一段“I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel(平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way.我认为这是一本书,如果你停得太快,你就永远不会欣赏它—我学到了这一课。从第一页到最后一页,有一个主题是看不见的线彼此平行运行,有时,只是有时,以最奇怪的方式交叉。)”可知,文章的目的是分享作者对一本书的感受。故选A。
三、
9.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中 “They will meet periodically over the next couple of years to identify and define new sports terms.(他们将在未来几年定期开会，以确定和定义新的体育术语）”可知，一群语言专家会决定一些新的体育术语。故选D。
10.答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词上文 “Julie Neveux, linguistics professor at Sorbonne University in Paris, said anglicisms are ‘sometimes estimated at just under 5% of the present vocabulary’” 以及后文 “They are particularly present in sports competitions and events， during which athletes from around the world are used to communicating in English.(它们尤其出现在体育比赛和活动中，在这些比赛中，来自世界各地的运动员习惯于用英语交流。）”可知，巴黎索邦大学的语言学教授Julie Neveux说，anglicisms “有时估计在现有词汇中只占不到5%，但它们令人不安，因为anglicisms表明，我们遵循的是一种经济和文化模式，而不是我们自己的模式。”故they指的是“anglicisms”，故选B。
11.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 “‘Similar committees have been put in place in the past, but nothing has changed so far (过去也有类似的委员会，但到目前为止没有任何改变)’”可知，以前阻止英语滲透到法语的努力结果是徒劳的。故选A。
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 “‘There are far fewer anglicisms in French than there are French words in English.’ said Neveux, adding these exchanges should not be seen as a threat, ‘All living languages exist by borrowing from each other. Languages only exist thanks to their impurity.’（法语中的英语词汇远远少于英语中的法语单词。Neveux补充说，这些交换不应被视为威胁。所有现存的语言都是通过相互借鉴而存在的。语言之所以存在，是因为它们存在不纯性。）”可推知，Neveux对语言的不纯性持肯定态度。 故选C。
四、
13.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Lacaton and Vassal apply a belief...to their work on old urban buildings”可知， 第二段暗含了他俩的工作原则，故选 B。
14.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“never destroy, never remove or replace, always add, transform, and reuse”以及 第三段的“There’s a lot of violence in architecture. We try to be accurate. We try to work with kindness.”可知，他 们在建筑工作中，更多的是改进，而不是拆掉目建筑，故选 C。
15.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。第四段中通过描述 Lacaton 和 Vasss 对公共住房经过一些改进实现了修缮旧房屋的目的 证明了改进老旧房屋的可能性。故选 D。
16.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It’s not the building It’s the absence of social services and lack of repair to buildings that made living in public housing impossible for residents.”可知，Wilson 认为人们拆掉旧房屋，是因 为他们缺乏社会服务意识，故选 C。
五、
17.答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据该画线词所在句以及后文"However, ten years ago, this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely.(然而,十年前,这种独特的技术几乎完全消失)"可知,该句与后文形成转折,指的是十年前这种独特的技艺几近完全消失,然而随着最近一部电视剧的播出,这一技艺又“走红,流行起来”。故选B项。
18.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"There are over a dozen steps, from grinding (碾碎) tea for fine powder to pouring boiled water, stiring the mixture for thick froth, and finally drawing the patterns.(从把茶叶磨成细粉到倒开水,再搅拌成浓泡沫,最后画出图案,总共有十几个步骤)"可知,茶百戏的过程包括很复杂的制茶技术。故选D项。
19.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段中的"The importance of chabaixi is that not only this technique is unique in the world, but also it gives us a window into people's lifestyle in the Song Dynast...(茶百戏的重要性不仅在于它的技艺在世界上是独一无二的,还在于它为我们了解宋代人们的生活方式提供了一扇窗)"可知,本段主要讨论的是茶百戏的重要性。故选C项。
20.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history(这是宋代茶文化的关键,如果让它消失就太可惜了。这项技术必须传给下一代,这样他们才能了解它的历史)"可知,他希望这项技艺可以传承下去。故选C项。
六、
21.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding from the second half of the 20th century.(如今,如果你走过一块麦田,你基本上会看到小麦大约有膝盖那么高,这是20世纪下半叶选择性育种的结果)可知,我们可以从德斯米特在第一段中的话中了解小麦在高度上经历了很大的变化。故选C。
22.答案：D
解析：观点态度题。根据第三段But Vergauwen said, "This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that's the way it must have been."(但Vergauwen说："这是那个时代最好的画家之一。所以如果他把它画成那样,那就一定是那样的。")可知,Vergauwen认为Frans Snyders画的西瓜是真实的,表示支持。故选D。
23.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. (该团队希望建立一个历史植物艺术品的在线研究数据库。他们为它创建了一个社交媒体标签。)可知,社交媒体标签被创建是为了收集更多的与植物有关的绘画作品。故选A。
24.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.(小麦只是历史艺术作品如何帮助追踪粮食作物随时间而变化的一个例子。)并结合全文内容可知,通过以在大都会艺术博物馆展出的一幅1565年的绘画作品"The Harvesters"为例,结合其它艺术作品,说明了可以通过过去的艺术作品了解当时的农业情况。故选B。
七、
25.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据 In the 17th century, the Netherlands experienced a period of artistic prosperity known as the Dutch Golden Age. During this period, artists found inspiration in Northern Renaissance painting techniques, contributing to masterpieces like Girl with a Pearl Earring by Johannes Vermeer.可知,Girl with a Pearl Earring的创作是受到了文艺复兴时期艺术家绘画技巧的启发。故正确答案为A。
26.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Known as the "Mona Lisa of the North", this painting represents the best of Dutch art and it has become one of art history's most beloved paintings.可知,Girl with a Pearl Earring被认为能和《蒙娜丽莎》媲美。故正确答案为D。
27.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据Vermeer is known for his ability to create shapes and forms using light rather than line. This characteristic approach to modeling is particularly evident in Girl with a Pearl Earring. First, he would "invent", or create an initial drawing on the canvas. Then, he made a single colored underpainting. Next, he added color. And, finally, in order to make the piece extraordinarily bright, he would apply a thin layer of glaze to certain parts of the painting.可知,本段的主要目的是介绍《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》这幅画使用到的技巧。故正确答案为B。
28.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Tracy所说的话"When you think about the Mona Lisa, she is also looking at us, but she isn't engaging—she's sitting back in the painting, self-contained," Tracy Chevalier, the author of the New York Times bestselling historical novel, Girl with a Pearl Earring, points out, "While Girl with a Pearl Earring is right there—there is nothing between her and us. She has this magical quality of being incredibly open and yet mysterious at the same time—and that is what makes her so appealing."可知,Tracy是使用对比的方式对《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》进行评论的。故正确答案为D。
八、
29.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中"In ancient times(在古代)",第三段中的"Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions.(后来,明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系)"以及最后一段中"To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.(今天，我们仍然有跨越大洋的强烈愿望)"可知，文章是按照时间顺序行文的。故选B。
30.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中"These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time(这些舰队是一个壮观的景象，当时独领风骚)"可知，郑和的舰队令人印象深刻。故选A。
31.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中"The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.(这一倡议的目的是鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作和贸易，加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系)"可知，"一带一路"倡议的目的是鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作和贸易，加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系，A项"扩大中国在海洋上的领土"不是其目的。故选A。
32.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文讲述了中国从古至今在海洋探索方面所做的尝试和取得的成绩。C项"跨越海洋"适合作为文章标题。故选C。