考点22 易错题型（三）五选四-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习（上海专用）

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考点22 易错题型（三）五选四

五选四的考题特点：
1. 词汇方面注重对于词汇和搭配的考察。
2. 语法方面考察词性之间关系和句子结构分析能力。
3. 逻辑方面考察上下文联系

考向一：五选四解题步骤

STEP 1 详读选项，词分类
两篇文章选项中的10个词是考查的关键，考生应该详细的理解这10个单词。熟悉的单词标明词性和词义，不熟悉的单词或者不认识的单词只需标明词性，然后根据名词、动词、形容词、副词四大类按规律排列在试卷上。这样就缩小了选择的范围，降低了试题的难度。

注意：
1. 动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。非谓语动词包括：动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。过去分词有两种可能性(形容词和动词的过去分词), 因此要根据动词的形式结合文章进行相应的时态或者语态的判断。
2. 不认识的词要看后缀。构词法中, 前缀区分意思, 后缀区分词性。所以看词尾往往能大致分出词性。词性无法确定的, 暂时搁置。
3. 做出相应的标记。在英文中有的单词不只有一个词性，比如大家常见的play/visit/study基友名词词性也有动词词性。

STEP 2 略读全文，定中心
考生拿到题目以后，由于考查考生对篇章的理解，应该略读整篇文章，确定文章的中心或主要说明的问题。要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主题词或主题。和完型填空一样，一般文章第一句不设空格，以便让考生知道本文的相关主题词或主题。在此，建议大家使用略读的方法，以快速掌握文章大意。

STEP 3 瞻前顾后，灵活选
词性分类之后，回到原文中，根据原文中空格的前后单词或者前后语句确定所要填的词性，然后从分类好的单词中选择出词性、意思、语法都符合要求的最佳选项。首先，根据语法知识确认可以被填入此空的词性，然后按第一步中标注出的词性进行筛选，最后将备选词逐个代入空中细读句意，考虑上下问逻辑关系做出选择。

STEP 4 复核检查，定结果
篇章词汇理解题目类似于完型填空，这需要考生不仅要迅速的确定答案，还要在确定答案之后迅速的复查。检查上下文是否通顺、上下文的逻辑结构是否正确、文章的意思是否出现偏差等等，复查无误后即可确定为最后答案。


A．different      B．available       C．the same       D．happened      E. digging  

    Tom was a worker. He liked to grow vegetables in his garden when he was ____1____. One day after breakfast he put on his old clothes and began ____2____ in his garden at eight. He dug and dug. Half an hour later, he suddenly found a coin (硬币) near his foot. He was very glad. He put it in his right pocket. A few minutes later, he found another one. He put it in ____3____ pocket, too. The same thing ____4____ for the third, the fourth and the fifth time…
A．brought       B．shop       C．hole         D．caught       E. happy   
He was very ____5____ and told his wife about it. She was very happy, too. She said, “A thief (小偷) took away a lot of coins from a ____6____ a few weeks ago. The police ____7____ him but they didn’t find any coins.”Then Tom went on digging and found some more coins, but just when he began to dig, he felt something cold in his trousers. It ran down one of his legs. He put his hand down quickly and the coin came into his hand. Now he knew there was a ____8____ in his pocket.
1．B    2．E    3．C    4．D    5．E    6．B    7．D    8．C

【分析】本文主要讲述了一个叫汤姆的工人，喜欢空闲时在花园里种菜，有一天在花园里挖土，挖到了硬币，之后他又挖到第三个，第四个……。他继续挖的时候，又发现了一些硬币，最后发现了自己的口袋里有一个洞。
1．句意：有空的时候，他喜欢在花园里种蔬菜。根据“He liked to grow vegetables in his garden when he was...”结合备选词汇可知此处是指当汤姆有空的时候就喜欢在花园里种菜，available“有空的”，是形容词，故选B。
2．句意：一天早餐后，他穿上旧衣服，八点就开始在花园里挖土。根据“One day after breakfast he put on his old clothes and began...in his garden at eight. He dug and dug”可知此处是指在花园里挖土，dig“挖”，是动词，固定短语begin doing sth.“开始做某事”，动词用动名词形式，故选E。
3．句意：他也把它放在了同一个口袋里。根据“He put it in his right pocket. A few minutes later, he found another one. He put it in...pocket, too”结合备选词汇可知此处是指放在同一个口袋里，the same“相同的”，故选C。
4．句意：同样的事情发生了第三次，第四次和第五次……。根据“ The same thing...for the third, the fourth and the fifth time…”结合备选词汇可知此处是指同样的事情发生了，happen“发生”，是动词，此处应用过去式，故选D。
5．句意：他很高兴，把这件事告诉了他的妻子。根据“He was very...and told his wife about it. She was very happy, too.”可知此处是指他很高兴，happy“开心的”，是形容词，故选E。
6．句意：几个星期前，一个小偷从商店拿走了很多硬币。根据“A thief (小偷) took away a lot of coins from a...a few weeks ago.”结合备选词汇可知此处是指小偷从商店拿走了很多硬币，shop“商店”，故选B。
7．句意：警察抓住了他，但他们没有找到任何硬币。根据“The police...him but they didn’t find any coins”可知此处是指警察抓住了小偷，catch“抓住”，是动词，此处应用过去式caught，故选D。
8．句意：现在他知道自己口袋里有个洞。根据“...but just when he began to dig, he felt something cold in his trousers. It ran down one of his legs”结合备选词汇可知此处是指口袋里有个洞，hole“洞”，是名词，故选C。
考向二： 五选四解题技巧

STEP 1判断词性的技巧
前面提到的“瞻前顾后”就是需要考生根据空格的前后来决定所填词的词性以及应填的正确选项，我们可以根据一些简单的语法知识确定答案。应该说语法知识是解词汇理解题的基础。

1. 确定空格为名词
(1) a /an/the n. , adj. n. , vt. n. , 即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空格处应填入名词；
(2) n. v., 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)；
(3) prep. n., 即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。

2. 确定空格为动词
(1) n. /pron. vt. n./pron., 即空格前面已有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词；
(2) n. /pron. vi. , 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词；
(3) n. /pron. vi. adv./prep., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配；
(4) n. /pron. link v./be. adj., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格处应填入系动词或be动词；
(5) to v. , 即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。

3. 确定空格为形容词
(1) adj. n. 或n. adj. , 即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词；
(2) adv. adj. , 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词；
(3) link/be v. adj., 即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。

4. 确定空格为副词
(1) adv. v. 或v. adv. , 即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词；
(2) adv. adj., 即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。


STEP 2利用逻辑关系词确定答案
在篇章词汇理解题目中，文章的逻辑关系对于考生把握整篇文章是很重要的，文章的逻辑关系通过一些逻辑关系词体现的，考生可以通过逻辑关系词来推断出一些答案。
常见的逻辑关系词如下：
(1) 并列关系：and , or, as well as 等
(2) 对比关系：but , however , on the contrary , rather than 等
(3) 比较关系：as…as , like , similar 等
(4) 因果关系：because , for , since , as a result of , therefore , thus 等
(5) 举例关系：for example , for instance , such as ， and so on 等
(6) 递进关系：and , what’s more , moreover , in addition 等

STEP 3比较填词
将词性分类后，如何确定哪个选项是正确答案呢？这就需要考生进行选项间的比较，比较同词性的词汇哪一个是最佳答案。
逻辑判断：即根据文章的逻辑顺序和逻辑结构，确定同词性的词汇中的哪个是最佳答案
词义判断：即通过同词性词汇的中文意思是否符合文章的整体意思，由此判断是不是最合适的选项



A．lost       B．thank        C．  hang out         D．in spring              E. in autumn
Last Saturday, Grandma called me to have lunch with her. I wanted to ____9____ with my friends, so I turned her down. This Saturday, she gave me a phone call again. She said that she made an apple pie, but it was ____10____. I thought being a detective (侦探) was cool, so I rode my bike to her house at once (立刻). “I made the pie and cut it into five pieces,” Grandma said. “Then Paul came into the house. He helped me clean the garden. You know, a lot of leaves(树叶) fall on the ground  ____11____. ” “He might take away the pie.” I said.
“Oh, no,” Grandma said. “To ____12____ him, I gave him a piece of pie.”
A．  be sad about      B．at  all      C．too       D．a piece of pie      E. two pieces of pie
“Then what happened?” I asked. “Then I invited Gloria, next door neighbor, for some pie and tea with me. Her granddaughter came, ____13____” “Grandma!” I said. “Nobody took away the pie. You just gave away all the pieces of it.  One piece to Paul. You, Gloria and her granddaughter each had a piece.”
“But there is still one piece missing,” Grandma seemed to ____14____ it.
I had to look for more clues (线索). I walked around the house. Finally, I opened the fridge (冰箱). Oh, I saw ____15____!
“You must be hungry after all these detective work. Let me heat(加热) this ‘missing’ pie for you. ” Grandma said happily and put it in the oven. The pie was really delicious. Then I came to understand that my grandma didn’t lose the pie ____16____. She just missed me and wanted to be with me.
9．C    10．A    11．E    12．B    13．C    14．A    15．D    16．B

【分析】文章讲述了作者的奶奶为了想让作者周末和她在一起，谎称“馅饼丢了”，让作者帮助找馅饼的故事。
9．句意：我想和朋友们出去玩，所以我拒绝了她。根据“Grandma called me to have lunch with her.”以及“with my friends, so I turned her down”及选词可知，作者想和朋友出去玩，所以拒绝了奶奶，hang out“闲逛”符合， 故选C。
10．句意：她说她做了一个苹果派，但它丢了。根据“I thought being a detective (侦探) was cool, so I rode my bike to her house at once (立刻).”及选词可知，此处指的是“东西丢了”，故选A。
11．句意：你知道，秋天有很多树叶落在地上。根据“a lot of leaves(树叶) fall on the ground”及选词可知，此处指的是“秋天”，故选E。
12．句意：为了感谢他，我给了他一块馅饼。根据“Then Paul came into the house. He helped me clean the garden.”以及“him, I gave him a piece of pie.”及选词可知，此处指的是“为了感谢Paul”，故选B。
13．句意：她的孙女也来了。根据“Then I invited Gloria, next door neighbor, for some pie and tea with me. Her granddaughter came”及选词可知，此处指的是“孙女也来了”，肯定句句末用too，故选C。
14．句意：“但还是少了一块，”奶奶似乎很难过。根据“But there is still one piece missing”及选词可知，奶奶丢了馅饼应该很伤心，故选A。
15．句意：哦，我看到了一块！根据“Finally, I opened the fridge (冰箱). Oh, I saw”以及“You must be hungry after all these detective work. Let me heat(加热) this ‘missing’ pie for you.”及选词可知，作者在冰箱发现了一块馅饼，故选D。
16．句意：后来我才明白我奶奶根本没有丢馅饼。根据“my grandma didn’t lose the pie...She just missed me and wanted to be with me.”及选词可知，奶奶根本没有丢馅饼，not...at all“根本不”，故选B。


（2022春·上海长宁·九年级统考期中）
A．volunteer    B．experience    C．exciting    D．disaster    E. ordinary
Chris is not a common explorer. He usually works in an office for a large organization. Yet his job can sometimes be just as ____1____ and dangerous as being an explorer.Chris works for MSF, an organization also known as Doctors Without Borders. MSF sends trained doctors all over the world to help people after a war or a ____2____. Chris is a doctor from France who has travelled to many places to help people.
At the moment, there are more than 27,000 trained doctors and nurses taking part in MSF projects and tasks. All kinds of doctors can ____3____ for MSF. They need to be prepared to go almost anywhere in the world and, of course, they should expect difficult conditions. Doctors with ____4____ in tropical diseases are especially useful because most of MSF’s work is in Africa.
A．agree with    B．get on well with    C．comfortable    D．difference    E. emergent
When MSF accepts a doctor for a task, he has to go for at least six months. When doctors have completed a few tasks, they might be sent on another ____5____ task, such as an earthquake.But why would a doctor leave a ____6____ life and a good pay to MSF? According to Chris, the experience you gain is a great help in your work. Besides, just like the explorers of the past, you need to keep an open mind and learn to ____7____ the people you meet. Above all, at the end of each task, you have made a real ____8____ to people’s lives.

【答案】1．C    2．D    3．A    4．B    5．E    6．C    7．B    8．D

【导语】本文主要介绍了无国界医生组织的宗旨、工作特点以及这个组织对社会和个人的意义。
1．句意：然而，他的工作有时也会像探险家一样刺激而危险。根据“and dangerous”可知，此空应填形容词原级，结合备选词可知，exciting“激动的，刺激的”符合语境。故选C。
2．句意：无国界医生组织向世界各地派遣训练有素的医生，在战争或灾难后帮助人们。根据“MSF sends trained doctors all over the world to help people after a war or a...”可知医生们在战争或灾难后帮助人们。disaster“灾难”符合语境。故选D。
3．句意：各种各样的医生都可以自愿加入无国界医生组织。can后接动词原形，结合备选词可知volunteer“自愿做”符合语境，表示“所有医生都可以为无国界医生组织做志愿者”。故选A。
4．句意：拥有热带疾病经验的医生尤其有用，因为无国界医生的大部分工作都在非洲。根据“Doctors with...in tropical diseases are especially useful because most of MSF’s work is in Africa.”可知是指拥有热带疾病经验的医生，experience“经验”，不可数名词。故选B。
5．句意：当医生完成一些任务后，他们可能会被派去执行另一项紧急任务，比如地震。此空应填形容词作定语。根据“such as an earthquake.”可知是指紧急任务，emergent“紧急的”符合语境。故选E。
6．句意：但医生为什么愿意放弃舒适的生活和高薪而去参加无国界医生组织？此空应填形容词作定语，修饰名词life；根据“a doctor leave a...life and a good pay”可知医生在自己国家有舒适的生活和好的报酬。comfortable“舒服的”符合语境。故选C。
7．句意：此外，就像过去的探险家一样，你需要保持开放的心态，学会与你遇到的人相处融洽。learn to do sth学会做某事，所以此空应填动词原形，结合选词可知get on well with“与……相处融洽”符合语境。故选B。
8．句意：最重要的是，在每项任务结束时，你都对人们的生活产生了真正的影响。根据“Above all, at the end of each task, you have made a real...to people’s lives.”结合选词可知，此处是固定短语make a difference“产生影响”。故选D。
（2022春·上海徐汇·九年级统考期中）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次.
A．get close to    B．cleaner     C．consider     D．make sure     E. get into
The worst danger is a house on fire when people are asleep. Always be ready to leave through a window into the garden by making sure you can open it if necessary. If you should be on holiday in a tall building or hotel, ___9___ you know where the fire escape is. When you can’t find any way out, try to ___10___ a window and shout for help. If you find a big fire burning in your home, get out right away. When you get out in the smoke, try to crawl on your hands and knees because smoke rises and the air will be ___11___ near the floor. Smoke is a killer and more people have died from breathing it in than actually being burnt.Fire in a cinema, hall or public place often means people rushing to reach a door. The exits may be blocked. So it’s always good to ___12___ all the possible ways of getting yourself out of the fire.
A．improve    B．rushing    C．quantity    D．raise    E. quality
When did people start to use fire? No one knows, but we know it was a long time ago. Fire was useful then and is still useful now. But fire can also be very dangerous.Almost every day we see fire engines ___13___ through the streets. Fires have not only resulted in heavy economic losses but also injured and killed many people.
In recent years, there has been a marked growth of fire accidents in big cities. What are the causes of fire accidents? Most of the fires are brought about by carelessness and violation (违反) of fire safety regulations. Others are due to the poor ___14___ of home electric appliances.
By the way, some people don’t know how to use them properly.
Besides, there are quite a few businesses which focus so much of their attention on profits that they tend to neglect and even ignore fire precautions (防范).
In order to prevent fires, we should first of all ____15____ people’s awareness of fire prevention. The second thing we should do is to train professional fire fighters. Finally, we should ____16____ the existing fire engines and add more fire facilities to high-rise buildings. In this way, a reliable fire prevention system will be formed.

【答案】9．D    10．A    11．B    12．C    13．B    14．E    15．D    16．A

【导语】文章主要介绍了火灾发生时人们应做的事情，并表明火很危险，以及其危险的原因和应对措施。
9．句意：如果你要去高层建筑或酒店度假，一定要知道防火梯在哪里。根据“If you should be on holiday in a tall building or hotel”和“you know where the fire escape is”可知，你要确保你知道防火梯在哪里，结合选项D“确保”符合语境。故选D。
10．句意：当你找不到出路时，试着靠近窗户，大声呼救。根据“When you can’t find any way out”和“a window and shout for help”可知，此处应是靠近窗户大声呼救，只有这样，别人才可能听得到，结合选项A“靠近”符合语境。故选A。
11．句意：当你从烟雾中出来时，试着用手和膝盖爬，因为烟雾会上升，靠近地面的空气会更干净。根据“try to crawl on your hands and knees because smoke rises and the air will be”和“near the floor”可推测出，靠近地面的空气更干净，选项B“更干净”符合语境。故选B。
12．句意：所以，考虑所有可能的方法让自己脱离火灾总是好的。根据“So it’s always good to”和“all the possible ways of getting yourself out of the fire”可知，此处应为考虑所有可能的方法让自己脱离火灾，结合选项C“考虑”符合语境。故选C。
13．句意：几乎每天我们都能看到消防车在街道上飞驰。根据“Almost every day we see fire engines”和“through the streets”可推测出，消防车是在街道上飞驰，选项B“猛冲，飞奔”符合语境。故选B。
14．句意：另一些则是由于家用电器质量差。根据“poor”和“of home electric appliances”可知，是家用电器的质量很差，结合选项E“质量”符合语境。故选E。
15．句意：为了预防火灾，我们首先应该提高人们的防火意识。根据“people’s awareness”可知，是提高人们的意识，“提高某人的意识”raise one’s awareness，结合选项D“提高”符合语境。故选D。
16．句意：最后，我们应该改进现有的消防车，为高层建筑增加更多的消防设施。根据“the existing fire engines and add more fire facilities to high-rise buildings”可知，此处应为改进消防车，结合选项A“改进，提升”符合语境。故选A。
（2022秋·上海徐汇·九年级上海市徐汇中学校考期中）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次。
A．quiet  B．skills  C．depend on  D．focus  E. effective
You have been familiar with the learning environment in your middle school, and it feels like home.So it is not always easy to say “bye-bye” to middle school.
After entering high school, you may face some new challenges. The schoolwork may become more difficult and require greater ____17____. Most students need support. Teachers and parents may give you a hand. However, you can’t ____18____ others all the time. What can you do? Here are some suggestions:
Understand what kind of learner you are.
Do you need silence to focus? Then make sure the TV is not on when you are studying. Provide yourself with a ____19____ learning environment at home. Some students ____20____ better in the morning, others at night. Find the right time so that your efforts will work well.
A．less  B．divide  C．regularly  D．For example  E. In addition
Learn to be better organized.It might be helpful when you get used to making a to-do-list of all your schoolwork, and checking each item off when it is completed. Try to ____21____ your work. This will create smaller, more manageable tasks out of the larger ones. Big projects seem ____22____ difficult if they are done step by step.
Form good reading habits.
Read every day-the more, the better. It doesn’t matter what you read. Reading newspaper ____23____ is a good choice. Newspapers provide plenty of details and background. ____24____ , information you get from newspapers is usually official and true. High school life can be enjoyable. Old friendships might come undone and new ones will develop. Hope you will feel hopeful and perform well in high school!

【答案】17．B    18．C    19．A    20．D    21．B    22．A    23．C    24．E

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了学生离开初中步入高中生活，会遇到的一些问题和解决方法。
17．句意：课业可能变得更难，需要更高的技能。此处应填一个名词作宾语，根据“The schoolwork may become more difficult”及结合备选词汇可知此处表示高中生需要更高的技能。故选B。
18．句意：但是，你不能一直依赖他人。分析句子结构及根据“can’t”可知空处应填动词，结合句意及备选词汇可知depend on“依赖”符合语境。故选C。
19．句意：在家里为自己营造一个安静的学习环境。此处应填一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词“learning environment”，根据“Do you need silence...when you are studying.”及结合备选词汇可知quiet“安静的”符合语境。故选A。
20．句意：有些学生早上注意力更集中，有些学生晚上注意力更集中。此处应填一个动词作谓语，根据下文“Find the right time so that your efforts will work well.”及结合备选词汇可知focus“集中（注意力于）”符合语境。故选D。
21．句意：尽量把工作分配一下。try to do sth. “尽力做某事”，固定搭配，故空处应填一个动词，根据下文“This will create smaller, more manageable tasks out of the larger ones.”及备选词汇可知divide“分配”符合语境。故选B。
22．句意：如果大项目是一步一步完成的，那么它们看起来就没那么困难了。根据“if they are done step by step”可知，大项目一步步完成后看起来就没那么困难，less“更少地”符合语境。故选A。
23．句意：经常阅读报纸是一个很好的选择。根据“Reading newspaper…is a good choice.”和备选词汇可知，经常阅读报纸是多阅读的表现，regularly“有规律地，经常”符合语境。故选C。
24．句意：此外，你从报纸上得到的信息通常是官方的和真实的。根据上文“Newspapers provide plenty of details and background.”及“information you get from newspapers is usually official and true.”结合备选词汇可知，“information you get from newspapers is usually official and true.”是经常阅读报纸的优点的补充，In addition“此外”符合语境。故选E。


（2022秋·上海浦东新·九年级上海市进才中学北校校考期中）Complete the following passage with the letters representing the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once(将下列单词或词组的字母编号填入空格。每空格限填一个单词或词组，每个单词或词组只能填一次）
A．strange   B．tricks   C．allowed  D．sports   E. turned out
A good trick doesn’t leave lasting damage and always makes people laugh. It can even amaze them with its creativity. Some schools and universities have a long tradition of students playing good ____25____ , which sometimes include school buildings and cars. The California Institute of Technology, a university in the US, has a special day on which students are ____26____ to play big tricks. One time, a group of students took apart a car, moved the parts into a student’s room and then put the car back together next to the bed.
It was a quiet evening at an American high school. Going home, the headmaster got into his car and started the engine. It’s quite ____27____ that the wheels turned, but the car didn’t move! It ____28____ that some students had found a way to lift the car up so that its tires were just above the ground.
A．responsible   B．later   C．actually   D．shocked   E. amazing
One morning in 2006, the staff at another American high school were ____29____ to find a pink car on the roof. The car even had question marks painted all over it! The staff believed that many students must have worked together to complete this. The American trick in 2006 was ____30____ a copy of British trick in 1958. That year, at the University of Cambridge, a car appeared on the roof of a building that was five storeys high. It caused a lot of trouble for police and firefighters as they had to cut the car into pieces to get it down. They couldn’t find out who was ____31____, and the trick made headlines around the world. It was only fifty years ____32____ that the students in the case proved who they were and how they played the excellent trick.

【答案】25．B    26．C    27．A    28．E    29．D    30．C    31．A    32．B

【导语】本文介绍了一些美国学校的学生玩得一些好把戏，并举例进行了说明。
25．句意：一些学校和大学有学生玩好把戏的悠久传统，有时包括校舍和汽车。根据上文“A good trick doesn’t leave lasting damage and always makes people laugh”可知，此处指“把戏”，tricks符合语境，故选B。
26．句意：美国加州理工学院有一个特殊的日子，允许学生们开大玩笑。根据语境可知，应是学校允许学生开玩笑，be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”，故选C。
27．句意：真奇怪，轮子转动了，而汽车却不动了！根据“the wheels turned, but the car didn’t move!”可知，轮子转动了，而汽车却不动，应是很奇怪，strange符合语境，故填A。
28．句意：原来，一些学生找到了一种方法，可以把汽车抬起来，让轮胎刚好高出地面。空处缺少谓语部分，结合语境和备选词可知，此处是介绍事情的真相，It turned out that“原来是”，固定句型，故选E。
29．句意：2006年的一个早晨，另一所美国高中的工作人员震惊地发现屋顶上有一辆粉红色的汽车。根据“were ... to find a pink car on the roof”及备选词可知，发现屋顶上有一辆粉红色的汽车应是很让人震惊的，shocked符合语境，故选D。
30．句意：美国2006年的把戏实际上是英国1958年把戏的翻版。分析句子可知，空处不缺成分，所以应填副词作状语，备选词actually“实际上”符合语境，故选C。
31．句意：他们无法查出是谁干的，于是这个把戏成了全世界的头条新闻。根据“It caused a lot of trouble for police and firefighters as they had to cut the car into pieces to get it down.”可知，这给警察和消防员带来了很多麻烦，结合“They couldn’t find out who was”可知，应是找不出谁要负责，responsible“负责的”符合语境，故选A。
32．句意：直到五十年后，这个案例中的学生才证明了他们是谁，以及他们是如何玩这一绝妙的把戏的。根据“fifty years”及备选词可知，应是“五十年后”，later符合语境，故选B。
（2022秋·上海宝山·九年级统考期中）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once.
A．storm        B．realized    C．ticket        D．table        E. cleaned
Lily is happy and excited today. Her mother is flying to Los Angeles from New York and will stay with her for two weeks. Lily ____33____ her house until it was shining and tidy. Before she went to meet her mother, she thought she should book a ____34____ for dinner, but she wasn’t sure whether her mother would prefer Chinese or Thai food. Soon after Lily was on the road, she turned on the radio and ____35____ that her mother was going to be late. The weather was good in Los Angeles, but the ____36____ near Chicago had made a late arrival of the plane. Lily thought she had enough time to sit in a cafe and read a book.
A．next        B．careful        C．shocked    D．either        E. earlier

An hour later, Lily got to the airport. She was ____37____ to see her mother waiting outside for a taxi! In fact, her mother had heard about the terrible weather and decided to take the ____38____ flight. She didn’t have time to call Lily, but she knew that Lily was ____39____ and would arrive early to pick her up. What a mix-up! It was very late. Both Lily and her mother were hungry and tired. Lily wanted to take her mother to ____40____ a Chinese or a Thai restaurant, but her mother just wanted to get to Lily’s home to take a rest!

【答案】33．E    34．D    35．B    36．A    37．C    38．E    39．B    40．D

【导语】本文主要讲述了莉莉到机场接妈妈的故事。
33．句意：莉莉把她的房子打扫得又亮又整洁。根据“her house until it was shining and tidy”可知是打扫房间，cleaned符合语境，故选E。
34．句意：在去见妈妈之前，她觉得应该预订一桌晚餐，但她不确定妈妈更喜欢中国菜还是泰国菜。根据“she thought she should book a...for dinner”可知是指预订一桌晚餐，table“桌子”符合语境，故选D。
35．句意：莉莉在路上不久就打开收音机，意识到她妈妈要晚点到了。根据“she turned on the radio and...that her mother was going to be late.”结合选词可知，莉莉意识到了妈妈要晚点到，realized“意识到”符合语境，故选B。
36．句意：洛杉矶的天气很好，但芝加哥附近的暴风雨使飞机晚点了。根据“The weather was good in Los Angeles, but the...near Chicago had made a late arrival of the plane.”可知是指芝加哥附近不好的天气使飞机晚点了，storm“暴风雨”符合语境，故选A。
37．句意：当她看到妈妈在外面等出租车时，她惊呆了！根据“She was...to see her mother waiting outside for a taxi! ”结合莉莉认为妈妈的飞机会晚点可知，莉莉到机场就看到了妈妈在等出租车时是很震惊的，shocked“震惊的”符合语境，故选C。
38．句意：她的妈妈已经听说了糟糕的天气，并决定乘坐早一点的航班。根据“her mother had heard about the terrible weather and decided to take the...flight”结合选词可知，妈妈已经听说了糟糕的天气，所以乘坐了早一店的航班，earlier“早一点”符合语境，故选E。
39．句意：她没有时间给莉莉打电话，但她知道莉莉很细心，会提前来接她。根据“but she knew that Lily was...and would arrive early to pick her up. ”可知此处应填形容词作表语，结合选词可知careful“细心的”符合语境，故选B。
40．句意：莉莉本来想带她妈妈去一家中餐馆或泰国餐馆，但她妈妈只是想去莉莉家休息一下！根据“Lily wanted to take her mother to...a Chinese or a Thai restaurant”可知莉莉想带她妈妈去一家中餐馆或泰国餐馆，此处是either...or...“或者……或者……”的结构，故选D。
（2022·上海杨浦·统考二模）将下列单词成词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．aims      B．rides      C．banks      D．made of      E. made up of
Plans for a new UK theme park are, under way and if all goes to plan, it will be open to visitors in 2024.The “London Resort” theme park will be built on the ___41___ of the river Thames in Kent. It is set to be three times bigger than any other UK theme park and the most ambitious plans Europe has seen since Disneyland Paris was built in 1992!
The London Resort theme park will be ___42___ hotels, food halls, water parks and of course, ___43___! Visitors will be taken on a journey to six different “lands.” Each of these will have a different theme, from magical woodlands and kingdoms to futuristic alien encounters. The park ___44___ to meet the needs of everyone.
A．influence      B．prevent     C．protect      D．seriously      E. response
But not everyone is happy about the idea of the London Resort. The ___45___ so far has been mixed. According to a survey carried out by London Resort Company. Holdings (LRCH), the developers of the theme park, 16%f people said they were against its being built. One reason for this is the possible bad ___46___ on the area’s environment.The area is believed to be home to a number of endangered plants and animals. However, according to LRCH, the plans for the park include areas designed to ___47___ wildlife through quiet zones and green areas. They also plan to leave existing wildlife marshes (沼泽) as they are.
After ten years of planning, the LRCH has handed in its plans, which will be ___48___ considered by the government and open to a public discussion.
So, what are your thoughts on the proposal?

【答案】41．C    42．E    43．B    44．A    45．E    46．A    47．C    48．D

【导语】本文讲述了“伦敦度假村”主题公园将建在肯特郡的泰晤士河岸边以及由此引发的各方反应。
41．句意：“伦敦度假村”主题公园将建在肯特郡的泰晤士河岸边。根据“theme park will be built on the...of the river Thames in Kent”可知这个主题公园是建立在泰晤士河的岸边，bank“河岸”符合语境，故选C。
42．句意：伦敦度假主题公园将由酒店、食品大厅、水上乐园，当然还有游乐设施组成！根据“The London Resort theme park will be...hotels, food halls, water park”可知这个主题公园是由这些组成的，be made up of“由……组成”，故选E。
43．句意：伦敦度假主题公园将由酒店、食品大厅、水上乐园，当然还有游乐设施组成！根据“hotels, food halls, water parks and of course”结合备选词汇可知此处是指游乐设施，ride“游乐设施”，故选B。

44．句意：公园旨在满足每个人的需求。此处应填一个动词，结合备选词汇可知，此处是指公园旨在满足每个人的需求，aim“旨在，目的是”符合语境，故选A。
45．句意：到目前为止，各方反应不一。根据“The...so far has been mixed”结合备选词汇可知，此处是指人们的反应，response“反应”，名词，故选E。
46．句意：其中一个原因是可能对该地区的环境造成不良影响。根据“One reason for this is the possible bad...on the area’s environment.”可知建立主题公园会对周围环境造成不良影响，influence“影响”，名词，故选A。
47．句意：然而，据LRCH介绍，公园的规划包括通过安静区和绿地来保护野生动物。根据“include areas designed to...wildlife through quiet zones and green areas.”结合备选词汇可知，此处是指保护野生动物，protect“保护”，动词。故选C。
48．句意：经过十年的规划，LRCH已经提交了它的计划，政府将认真考虑并开放给公众讨论。根据“which will be...considered by the government and open to a public discussion.”可知此空应填一个副词修饰动词，结合备选词汇可知seriously“认真地”符合语境，故选D。



（2022·上海·统考中考真题）选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次
（A）
A．award    B．pleased    C．litter    D．nature    E. tidy
Last month. George and Sophie designed a community programme. After the activity, the community centre gave them a special ___49___ for what they had done. The idea came to them one day as they were walking home from school through the park. They noticed that there was a lot of ___50___ on the grass and by the lake. The park didn't look clean or ___51___ , so they decided to plan a community clean-up day. They asked local people to come and help clear away all the rubbish. People in the community were very ___52___ to hear about the plan as it could make a cleaner neighbourhood.
（B）
A．in all    B．chose    C．on holiday    D．delivered    E. breathed
In order to make it convenient for people to join them, they ___53___ a Sunday for the activity. Then they contacted the community centre to ask for rubbish bags for the work. After that. they ___54___ posters to the houses near the park. They also put up some posters in their school. That day, more people came than expected-eighty-six volunteers ___55___ . Some were from the local community and others from the school. Even tourists came to help. One family was ___56___ in the area and they took part in the activity after seeing the posters. It was a successful day!

【答案】49．A    50．C    51．E    52．B    53．B    54．D    55．A    56．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了乔治和索菲设计的一个社区项目——“社区清洁日”。
49．句意：活动结束后，社区中心对他们的所作所为给予了特别奖励。空前有冠词a，其后跟名词单数形式，A选项award“奖励”符合题意。故选A。       
50．句意：他们注意到草地上和湖边有很多垃圾。a lot of后跟不可数名词/可数名词复数，C选项litter“垃圾”，不可数名词符合题意。故选C。
51．句意：公园看起来既不干净也不整洁，所以他们决定计划一个社区清洁日。根据“clean or...”可知，空处需填入形容词。E选项tidy“整洁的”，形容词符合题意。故选E。
52．句意：社区里的人很高兴听到这个计划，因为它可以使社区变得更干净。根据“were”可知，此处B选项pleased“高兴的”符合题意，形容词作表语。故选B。
53．句意：为了方便人们参加，他们选择了一个周日的活动。根据“In order to make it convenient for people to join them,”可知，B选项chose“选择”符合题意，意为“选择了周日”。故选B。
54．句意：在那之后。他们把海报送到公园附近的各家各户。根据“...posters to the houses”可知，此处D选项delivered“递送”符合题意。固定短语deliver sth to...“把某物送到……”。故选D。
55．句意：总共有86名志愿者，其中一些来自当地社区，另一些来自学校。根据“more people came than expected-eighty-six volunteers”可知，A选项in all“总共”符合题意。故选A。
56．句意：一家人在该地区度假，他们在看到海报后参加了活动。根据“One family was”可知，C选项on holiday“在度假”符合题意，介词短语作表语。故选C。
（2021·上海·统考中考真题）选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次
A) needs     B) exactly     C) efforts     D) excuses     E) especially
Sometimes not everything works out perfectly – and that’s OK! For example, we don’t know ____57____ what the readers want, so it’s quite hard to choose a widely accepted picture of the food. But we try our best to meet their ____58____. We discuss the work and help each other to improve. That’s the best part about working together. We have been awarded “Best Campus Cook” several times for our ____59____.We love making new dishes, taking pictures, and then posting them on our school newspaper. It’s always good to try new things – ____60____ with food! When you eat healthily, it makes you feel better, and it can be twice as delicious.

【答案】57．B    58．A    59．C    60．E

【分析】文章介绍了我们共同努力满足读者的需求，多次被授予“最佳校园厨师”。
57．句意：例如，我们无法准确地知道读者想要什么，所以很难选择一个被广泛接受的食物图片。根据“so it’s quite hard to choose a widely accepted picture of the food.”可知，很难选择一个被广泛接受的食物图片，因此表示我们无法准确地知道人们想要什么，exactly准确地，故选B。
58．句意：但是我们尽力满足他们的需求。根据meet可知，此处表示满足需求，needs需求，故选A。
59．句意：由于我们的努力，我们多次被授予“最佳校园厨师”。 根据前文的“That’s the best part about working together.”可知，此处表示我们共同努力，efforts努力，故选C。
60．句意：尝试新事物总是好的——尤其是食物！此处表示尤其指食物，especially尤其，表示更进一步说明。故选E。
（2021·上海·统考中考真题）选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次
A．create    B．product    C．responsible    D．influence    E. unforgettable

Emily and I are twins. We love cooking healthy food together! Our parents have always cooked at home. They really ____61____ us a lot.
Working as sisters is interesting, as we have been through a large number of ____62____ experiences. However, sometimes we’d like more space of our own in the kitchen. We try to be fair. If one person manages to ____63____ a dish, the other person will write the process and take photos. Then we’ll change jobs next time.
Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be ____64____ for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.

【答案】61．D    62．E    63．A    64．C

【分析】本文主要讲述我和Emily喜欢做饭，因为做饭我们拥有很多难忘的经历，但是我们有时候也想在厨房里拥有自己的空间。
61．句意：他们真的对我们影响很大。根据“We love cooking healthy food together! Our parents have always cooked at home.”可知，喜欢在家做饭的父母对我们有很大的影响，备选词汇“influence”表示“影响”符合语境。故选D。
62．句意：作为姐妹工作很有趣，因为我们经历了很多难忘的经历。根据“Working as sisters is interesting, as we have been through a large number of...experiences.”可知，空处应填一个形容词修饰名词experiences，备选词汇“unforgettable”表示“难忘的”符合语境。故选E。
63．句意：如果一个人制作了一道菜，另一个人会写下制作过程并拍照。根据“the other person will write the process and take photos”可知，此处表示制作菜，备选词汇“create”表示“创造”符合语境。故选A。
64．句意：我们的菜很受欢迎，所以我们被邀请负责校报的食品与健康栏目。根据“we have been invited to be...for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper”可知，此处表示负责校报的食品与健康栏目，备选词汇“responsible”表示“负责的”符合语境。故选C。