Unit 1 Art【过语法写作】（教师版+学生版）-2022-2023学年高二英语单元复习(人教版 2019选择性必修第三册)

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Unit 1  Art【过语法写作】不定式作表语【观察例句】1．Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.2．During the Middle Ages，the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.3．In this work，Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene.4．What they attempted to do was no longer show reality，but instead to ask the question，“What is art？”【归纳用法】一、不定式作表语的用法1．表目的The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.教育的目的是发展儿童完美的品格。2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或语言。You must speak out，if we are to remain friends.如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你就必须痛痛快快地把话都说出来。3．用于第一人称问句，表示征求意见。What am I to say if they ask me the question?要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？4．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。They are to marry next week.他们将在下周结婚。(安排)[即学即练1]　单句语法填空①His ambition is                (become) a famous novelist.②Our most important task now is                (make) a plan.③The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was               (provide) large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.【答案】1.to become2.to make3.to provide二、不定式和现在分词作表语的区别1．动词不定式作表语，通常表示具体的或将来的动作。Our first assignment was to read two short stories.我们的首要任务是读两篇短篇故事。2．现在分词作表语，表示抽象的一般行为。My work is teaching Chinese.我的工作是教语文。[即学即练2]　单句语法填空①The most important thing is                (negotiate) with them about the future of the plant.②What we expect from you is               (work) hard rather than hardly working.三、不定式作表语to的省略1．当主语thing这个词被动词不定式修饰时，作表语的不定式符号“to”可以省略。The thing for us to do is accept the challenge.我们要做的事情就是要接受挑战。2．当主语是带有动词“do”的由“what”引导的主语从句时，其表语的动词不定式符号“to”可以省略。What they want to do is have a good sleep.他们想要做的就是好好睡一觉。3．当句子主语被动词“do”作谓语的定语从句修饰的anything，all，all that，the only thing，the only way，或者thing前面有序数词first，second，last等修饰时，其表语动词不定式的符号“to”可以省略。The only thing you have to do is press the button.你要做的唯一的事情就是按一下按钮。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．My work is               (clean) the room every day.2．To do two things at a time is              (do) neither.3．The next step is              (make) sure that you know exactly what is required.4．You must be patient and persistent if you are              (succeed)．5．What am I               (do) if I have no money?【答案】1. to clean2.to do3.to make4.to succeed5.to doⅡ.短文语法填空I am a manager of a small company. My job is 1.              (manage) the daily work of the company. One day，I was 2.              (leave) the company when I found a little boy was 3.              (slip) into the building of the company. I stopped him and asked what he was 4.              (do). He explained that he was 5.              (see) the process of how our product was worked 6.              . I told him it was too late 7.              (do) that and he could come earlier next day and I would show him 8.              our company in person. The boy waved goodbye 9.              me and left happily. I thought all he had to do was 10.              (study) hard at school. 【答案】1.to manage2.to leave3.to slip4.to do5.to see6.out7.to do8.around 9.to 10.study   书面通知 本单元写作项目是写一份展览会的通知，符合正式通知的写作范畴。[基本框架]1．开头(the beginning)——写通知的目的2．主体(the body)——详细介绍3．结尾(the ending)——表达谢意[常用词块]1．have a better understanding of更好地理解2．around the corner即将到来3．in advance提前4．one after another相继地，按顺序地5．make/offer an apology to sb. for sth.因某事向某人认错或道歉6．attract one's attention引起某人的注意[常用语句]★精彩开头All teachers and students will be required to...全体师生务必要……Notice is hereby given that...兹通知……Our school/The Students' Union will/is going to hold...我们学校/学生会将要举行……★正文佳句1．The significance of this event is to promote traditional Chinese culture.这项活动的重要性在于弘扬中国传统文化。2．The exhibition will be held in the meeting hall of our school.展览将在我们学校会议厅举行。3．By the exhibition，we can broaden our view and gain knowledge of Chinese culture.通过这次展览，我们能够开阔视野，获得关于中国文化的知识。★余味结尾1．Everybody is expected to attend it.希望所有人参加。2．Be sure to attend it on time.确保准时参加。3．Please/Do be present on time.请按时出席。 例文假如你是学生会主席，请根据下面表格，用英语写一则关于春游的通知。参加者高中一、二年级的学生活动内容1.去博物馆看《人与自然》的展览；2.参观泉山植物园。集合地点学校大门口集合时间1.4月25日上午乘校车前往；2.早上7：00集合，7：20出发。注意事项1.参观展览时保持安静，并认真记笔记，准备回来后讨论；2.参加者在本周四前到学生会报名。注意：1．通知必须包括表内所列内容，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2．词数80左右；3．通知时间：4月24日。参考词汇：植物园the botanical garden；报名sign up for；学生会the Students' Union        【学生习作】Notice    The students of Senior Grade One and Two will go out for a spring outing on April 25.We'll first see an exhibition of Man and Nature in the museum.We plan visit the botanical garden on the Quanshan Hill.Our school bus will leave at 7：20.Please gather at our school gate at 7：00 a．m.Those want to take part in the activity should sign up for it at the Students'Union before Thursday.The Students' Union[点评]　1.文章没有分段，缺少框架意识，把所有内容混搭在一起，从而影响得分。2.文中出现了一些简单的语法错误。如plan visit，Those want to。3.文中缺少注意事项1。4.句式不够丰富多变，缺少高级句式。衔接不够顺畅，语义不连贯。 【升格作文】NoticeThe students of Senior Grade One and Two will go out for a spring outing on April 25.We'll first go to the museum to see an exhibition of Man and Nature.When you're there you should keep silent and make careful notes because we'll have a discussion after we come back.After that we plan to visit the botanical garden on the Quanshan Hill.Our school bus will take us there.It will leave at 7：20 a．m.Please gather at our school gate at 7：00 a．m.Those who want to take part in the activity should sign up for it at the Students' Union before Thursday.The Students' Union 练习假设你是学生会主席李华，你校拟组织本校的国际生一日游，委托你通知相关事宜并随行。请你写一则书面通知，要点包括：1．集合时间和地点；2．目的地：文昌孔庙； 孔庙附近的橙园。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇： 孔庙the Confucius TempleNotice        【参考答案】NoticeTo help us further understand Chinese culture and get relaxed，our school will organise a one­day trip.As scheduled，we will meet at 7：30 a．m.on Jan.10，2022 at the school gate，and then take a bus to the Confucius Temple in Wenchang，where we can have a deeper understanding of Confucius and the traditional Chinese culture.In the afternoon，there will be a leisure activity to pick oranges in an orange garden nearby.We will have a good time during the trip.The Students' Union 能力提升阅读理解AThe following 4 famous paintings—from Jan van Eyck's work to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece—have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini PortraitJan van Eyck's The Arnolfini Portrait，an oil painting on oak produced in 1434，in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her，is undoubtedly a masterpiece in the National Gallery，London.This painting is one of the most famous and intriguing(非常有趣的)paintings in the world.It is also an informative document about the fifteenth­century society.The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night，an oil on canvas(帆布画布)，a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small village，during his stay at the mental hospital near Saint­Rémy­de­Provence，France in 1889.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941，it was not well known，but it has become one of Vincent van Gogh's most famous works now.The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565.It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs in the late summer.The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.GuernicaGuernica，a large oil painting，was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter，Pablo Picasso，in 1937.The title refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi during the Spanish Civil War.The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result，has come to be an anti­war symbol and a reminder of the tragedy of war.Today，the painting is housed at the Museo Reina Sofía in Madrid.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四幅著名艺术家的作品。1．Which was produced earliest?A．Guernica.　　　 B．The Harvesters.C．The Starry Night. D．The Arnolfini Portrait.【答案】D　细节理解题。根据The Arnolfini Portrait部分的内容可知，The Arnolfini Portrait是在1434年由Jan van Eyck创作，其他几幅画的创作时间都晚于这幅画。故选D。2．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night?A．It was painted on wood in oils.B．It described the painter's life in hospital.C．It wasn't widely recognized before 1941.D．It was given away to the museum by a collector.【答案】C　细节理解题。根据The Starry Night部分的内容可知，1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，这幅画并不出名，后来才成为文森特·梵高最著名的作品之一。故选C。3．Who created the painting describing the harvest season?A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.B．Vincent van Gogh.C．Jan van Eyck.D．Pablo Picasso.【答案】A　细节理解题。根据The Harvesters部分中的“It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs in the late summer.”可知，由Pieter Bruegel the Elder创作的The Harvesters描绘了收获的季节。故选A。BJohn Constable was born in Suffolk，England，on 11 June，1776.His family hoped that he would join his father's business，but he showed great interest in art when he was very young.Finally，his family allowed him to enter the Royal Academy School，a very famous art college in England，at the age of twenty­two.At the Royal Academy，he was a good student，spending all his spare time drawing and reading.He showed his first painting in 1802.Constable believed the greatest art came from using the inspiration(灵感)of nature，rather than using various techniques and imagination on art.In his lifetime，Constable never had much money.His fame only grew after his death.He was unable to earn a living from the paintings.To support his family，Constable often drew portraits(肖像)of others.But it was something he never really enjoyed.He was attracted by the beauty of the British countryside.He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.But when given the chance to travel to sell his paintings abroad，he said he would rather“be a poor man in England than a rich man abroad”．Constable died in 1837.During his lifetime he got little praise in his home country for painting countryside scenery.Yet he is now considered to be one of the greatest British artists.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国最伟大的艺术家之一John Constable的主要人生经历。4．John Constable studied painting because________．A．he was interested in itB．his parents hoped he would study itC．he wanted to make more moneyD．he liked the Royal Academy School【答案】A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“His family hoped that he would join his father's business，but he showed great interest in art when he was very young.”可知，他的家人希望他能加入父亲的事业，但他很小的时候就对艺术表现出极大的兴趣。因此John Constable学习绘画是因为他对绘画感兴趣。故选A。5．At the Royal Academy，John Constable________．A．wasn't a good studentB．didn't get on well with his classmatesC．was very hard­workingD．became very famous【答案】C　推理判断题。根据第二段“At the Royal Academy，he was a good student，spending all his spare time drawing and reading.”可知，在皇家学院，他是个好学生，把业余时间都花在绘画和阅读上。因此在皇家学院，John Constable是非常努力的。故选C。6．What do we know about John Constable?A．He thought technique was the most important in art painting.B．His paintings sold better in France than in England at first.C．He was interested in drawing portraits.D．He became very rich by painting.【答案】B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.”可知，起初他在法国卖的画比他在英国卖的多。因此他的画一开始在法国比在英国卖得好。故选B。7．What can we learn from the underlined part?A．John Constable was willing to travel to France.B．John Constable was tired of being poor.C．John Constable didn't want to sell his paintings.D．John Constable loved his country very much.【答案】D　推理判断题。根据第五段“He sold more paintings in France than in his home country，England，at first.But when given the chance to travel to sell his paintings abroad，he said he would rather‘be a poor man in England than a rich man abroad’．”可知，他在法国卖的画比在自己的祖国英国卖的多。但当他有机会去国外卖画时，他说他宁愿在英国当穷人，也不愿在国外当富人，由此我们看出John Constable非常热爱他的国家。故选D。阅读七选五Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art，including paintings，drawings，photographs，sculptures，etc.  1  At the same time，however，each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined.  2  The most common form of lighting used to light up the artwork is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed.  3  It enables the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting.Recessed(嵌入墙壁凹处的)lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place so they can be easily moved to create ideal light patterns.Most art gallery directors state that a combination of track lighting and recessed light equipment is ideal because the track lighting focuses directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source.  4  How to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artwork.Caution must be exercised to avoid creating too many areas with shadows.Besides，the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly above the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer.According to experts，low voltage(电压)bulbs are the best when lighting the artwork.  5  Thus the artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it.A．It can make the displays attractive.B．Using track lighting is beneficial.C．Light plays a key role in art galleries.D．This light source can better improve the mood surrounding the work.E．To better improve their appearance，the display area needs to be well lit.F．Finding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skills and experience.G．Above all，natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage the artwork，particularly paintings，over time.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文中作者主要向我们描述了美术馆是艺术家可以展示各种艺术作品的地方，同时美术馆的灯光也是十分重要的。1．【答案】E　E选项表示为了更好地改善它们的外观，陈列区域需要有良好的照明，承接下文，且E选项中的“be well lit”和空后的“too much light”相呼应。故选E。2．【答案】F　根据空前的内容可知，为了改善美术馆艺术作品的陈列效果，需要良好的照明，而作品过多暴露在光线下会褪色，进而被损坏，所以需要找到一个折中办法，这就需要相当多的技巧和经验。F选项可以承接上文内容。故选F。3．【答案】B　B选项中的“track lighting”与空前的“indoor spotlights on tracks”相呼应。故选B。4．【答案】D　根据空前内容可知，活动式投射照明灯和嵌入灯的组合是理想的，D选项(这种组合光源可以更好地改善作品周围的氛围)表示了这种组合光源的效果，顺承上文。故选D。5．【答案】G　根据空后的“Thus the artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it.”可知，此处应该说明艺术品要避免阳光直射的原因，G选项符合语境。且G选项中的“sunlight”和空后的“sunlight”相呼应，故选G。