2023届高考英语二轮复习专题课件：名词性从句-语法疏通

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习专题课件：名词性从句-语法疏通，共48页。PPT课件主要包含了Part one，找出主语，理解主语从句，Part two，Part three等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．连接词（3个）： that，whether，if (只起引导作用，不在句中充当成分)2．连接代词（9个）：what，whatever，wh，whever，whm，whmever，whse，which，whichever (起引导作用，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语)3．连接副词（4个）：when，where，hw，why (起引导作用，在句中充当状语)
起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。 换言之，在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分，换由一个句子来充当，这样的句子就是名词性从句。
起定语作用，用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
引导名词性从句的连词
4、同位语从句 ( appsitive clause )
1、主语从句 ( subject clause )
2、表语从句 ( predicative clause )
3、宾语从句 ( bject clause )
1、English is very useful fr us .2、The subject I am interested in is English.3、We need t master English well.4、He want t learn the language , English .
That I have a lvely sister is my biggest pride. My biggest pride is that I have a lvely sister.
N ne knws what happened t Malaysian flight 370.The news that they have divrced is nt true.
在复合句中充当主语的从句叫主语从句。
Jim is gd at playing the pian.T see is t believe.Smking is bad fr health.What he has said is true.
他通过了考试让老师很高兴。 He passed the exam. It made the teacher happy.
He passed the exam made the teacher happy.
That he passed the exam made the teacher happy.
他何时要来还不清楚。 When will he cme? It is nt clear.
When he will cme is nt clear.
When will he cme is nt clear.
It is clear that the tw cuntries can reach an agreement at the cnference.It is well­knwn that the Chinese gvernment has spared n effrt t prtect peple frm fake fd.
[名师指津]　有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：(1)It＋be ＋名词＋that从句(2)It＋be ＋形容词＋that从句(3)It＋be＋动词的过去分词＋that从句(4)It＋不及物动词＋that 从句
That yu didn't knw the rules wn't be an excuse fr yur failure.Whether we shuld help up a fallen ld persn r nt remains a heated tpic in China.When the delayed flight will take ff depends much n the weather.
用“it”作形式主语的主语从句
(1) It +be+形容词（bvius, true, surprising, wnderful, pssible, likely, certain) +that 从句• It is certain that he will win the match.•It isn't likely that I shuld accept such an ffer as that.(2) It + be +过去分词(said, reprted, thught, expected, decided, annunced,suggested等)+that从句 • It is reprted that 20 peple were killed in the accident.(3) It + be +名词词组(a pity, a shame, gd news, an hnr, n wnder等)+that从句 • It is a fact that he cheated in the exam.
(4)It+动词/动词短语(seem, appear, happen, matter, turn ut, ccur t, make n difference等)+that 从句• It seems that he is nt himself tday.• It suddenly ccurred t her that Je was afraid f being alne.
★主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词用虚拟语气”shuld+动词原形“，常用句型有：◆It is necessary/imprtant/surprising/strange/natural等+that从句◆ It is suggested/requested/desired/rdered/demanded等+that从句 It is necessary that we (shuld) have breakfast. It was suggested that we (shuld) put ff the meeting.
使用主语从句的注意事项
When will he cme is nt knwn. When he will cme is nt knwn.
规律一: 主语从句一律用陈述语序， 即主语在前，谓语在后。
He will nt cme t the meeting this evening is true.
正：That he will nt cme t the meeting this evening is true.
规律二: 连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
When he was brn are a puzzle.
正：When he was brn is a puzzle.
规律三：主语从句的谓语动词多用 单数第三人称形式。
When they will start and where they will g_____(be)still unknwn.
在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句叫宾语从句，位于及物动词(短语)、介词或形容词之后。
We must never think (that) we are gd in everything while thers are gd in nthing.Everything depends n whether we have enugh mney.She will give whever needs help a warm supprt.
He has made it clear that he will nt give in.
在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if，because等引导。其基本结构为：主语＋系动词＋从句。
The fact is that we have lst the game.That is why he didn't cme t the meeting.It lks as if it is ging t rain.
The reasn why he was late was that he missed the train by ne minute this mrning.
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，也可由其他连接代词或连接副词引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有：advice，demand，dubt，fact，hpe，idea，infrmatin，message，news，rder，prblem，prmise，questin，request，suggestin，truth，wish，wrd等。
The news that we wn the game excited all f us.I have n idea when he will cme back hme.
I had n idea that yu were here. (that引导同位语从句，不能省略)
Have yu gt the idea (that) this bk gives yu f life in ancient Greece？(that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略)
名词性从句主要引导词的用法归纳
连接副词（4个）：when、 why、where、 hw
从属连词（3个）：that 、if、 whether
连接代词 （9个）：wh、 whm 、 what、 which、 whse、 whever whmever、 whatever、 whichever、
名词性从句引导词的用法（1）：
从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能，分别如下:
“that”---无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
“if”--- “是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
1．that引导的名词性从句
It is bvius t the students that they shuld get well prepared fr their future. (主语从句，it作形式主语)Experts believe (that) peple can waste less fd by shpping nly when it is necessary. (宾语从句)My decisin is that all f us are t start at 6 'clck tmrrw mrning.(表语从句)I made a prmise t myself that this year，my first year in high schl，wuld be different. (同位语从句)
连词that在引导名词性从句时本身没有意义，在从句中不担任任何句子成分，但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不能省略。在宾语从句中有时可以省略。
1、That we will realize ur dreams in the future is certain .2、The fact is that Beijing will hld 29th Olympic Games this year.3、I knw that well begun is half dne . 4、He heard the news that Liuxiang set a new wrld recrd .
“that” 无词义、不作成份、起连接作用
1、My idea is that we shuld d it right nw.
2、She wn’t believe that he has becme a thief.
3、That he is a famus singer is knwn t us.
4、I knew the news that ur team wn the match.
2．whether与if引导名词性从句时的区别
Whether the meeting will be put ff has nt been decided yet.The truble is whether he can cme n time.
It all depends n whether he will recver.
(1)作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。
I dn't knw whether he will take part in the meeting r nt.
(2)后面直接跟r nt时用whether。
1、Whether she will cme back n time depends n weather . 2、The prblem is whether yu culd give us sme valuable advice . 3、I asked him whether he culd d me a favr .4、Culd yu tell me the questin whether English is useful fr us nw.
“whether” “是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
1、If不能引导放于句首的主语从句，而whether可以。2、引导表语从句用whether，不用if。3、引导同位语从句用whether，不用if。4、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，不用if 。5、whether r nt 连在一起可以，但if不可以。
If与whether的区别：
名词性从句引导词的用法（2）：
“wh”---“谁”、作主语、起连接作用
“whm”---“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用
“whse”---“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用
“which”---“哪----”、作定语、起连接作用
1、Wh will g t the cllege is still uncertain . 2、The truble is wh culd lend me sme mney .3、He want t knw wh picked up his mbile phne .
1、Whm yu will learn frm is wrth thinking ver . 2、The thing I am anxius abut is whm he will turn t fr help .3、His mther asked him whm he culd believe in .
1、What I desire t get is a gd reputatin . 2、What he will tell me is what I have been expecting t knw .3、They agree with what I said just nw .
“what”---“事情”、作主表宾语、起连接作用
1、Which class is suitable fr us isn’t mst imprtant . 2、What he wants t ask yu nw is which team wn the game . 3、Culd yu tell me which ne is right .
“which”---“哪---”、作定语、起连接作用
1、Whse bag was the mst beautiful is still unknwn nw . 2、The questin is whse friends culd lend me a hand .3、I want t knw whse suggestin is mre practical .
名词性从句引导词的用法（3）：
“whmever”-- “-----的任何人”、作宾语、
“whever”-- “-----的任何人”、作主语、
“whatever”-- “----的任何东西”、作主表宾语、
“whichever”--- “无论哪个或哪些---”、作定语、
“whever”-- “---的任何人”、作主语、起连接作用
1、Whever culd slve the prblem will be rewarded . 2、The persn I will praise is whever culd wrk ut the questin .3、Yu shuld appreciate whever helped yu in the past .
“whmever”--- “---的任何人”、作宾语、起连接作用
1、Whmever yu will meet in the meeting is excellent . 2、The persn I culd depend n is whmever yu believe in . 3、Yu shuld learn frm whmever I praised yesterday .
1、Whatever yu did in the past was very meaningful . 2、What we shuld d is whatever is wrth ding .3、We shuld d whatever is wrth ding .
“whatever”-- “--的任何东西”、作主表宾语、
“whichever”-- “--的哪些或哪个”、作主、表、宾语、
1、Whichever team win the game is pssible . 2、The fact is whichever teacher culd help yu learn English well . 3、Yu culd chse whichever bk yu want .
名词性从句引导词的用法（4）：
“why”---- “为什么”、作状语、起连接作用
“hw”----- “如何”、作状语、起连接作用
“where”-- “什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用
“when”-- “什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用
1、When the meeting will begin isn’t decided nw . 2、The truble is when he culd recver frm the disease .3、He asked us when we wuld graduate frm the schl .
1、Where I culd buy the bk is uncertain nw .2、His questin was where we wuld hld the pening ceremny .3、I culdn’t tell yu where they have been living .
1、Why he killed himself is still a secret nw .2、What surprised me was why they failed again . 3、I just want t ask yu why I was fired .
“why”-- “为什么”、作状语、起连接作用
1、Hw the thief stle the bike is still a mystery .2、What the prfessr asked us was hw we culd make ur parents happy . 3、I will g t ask my teacher hw I culd wrk ut the prblem .
“hw”---- “如何”、作状语、起连接作用
1. I’m nt sure ________ is mre frightened，me r the female grilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)2．She asked me ____________________ I had returned the bks t the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.(2017·天津卷)3．Every year， ____________________ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017·北京卷)4．Jane mved aimlessly dwn the tree-lined street, nt knwing __________________ she was heading.(2017·北京卷)5．We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20，half f ____________________ it used t charge.(2017·江苏卷)
6．As natural architects, the Puebl Indians figured ut exactly ____________________ thick the adbe walls needed t be t make the cycle wrk n mst days.(全国卷Ⅱ)7．A typical Chinese wedding nwadays ges like this：when a new cuple is engaged，____________ fllws is a chice f the date f their marriage.(2020·湖南浏阳六校联考)8．After being designated as the first special ecnmic zne in China，____________ was nce a fishing village has rapidly becme an emerging mdern city.(2020·河南洛阳期中考试)9．The ideal nap depends n ____________ yu want frm that nap.(2020·吉林省吉林市一次调研)
10．Finally，a wman with a tray full f fd sat dwn ppsite him and infrmed him _______________ the cafeteria wrked.(2019·莆田模拟)11．I wnder first f all what they want，and then wnder _______________ they are s eager t accept advice themselves.(2019·湖南师大附中模拟)12．Remember that true pwer des nt necessarily cntrl ver situatins，but the ability t deal with _______________ cmes yur way.(2019·南昌模拟)13．They never get angry and are always kind t the students. That’s ____________ the children can always get n well with their rbt teachers.14． We dn’t respect _____________ we think is better than us; we dn’t respect pr and ld peple，r we dn’t respect wh we feel is less better than us.(2019·南昌模拟)
if/whether
whatever
1．已经定下来了，会议推迟到了下周一。(主语从句)2．我并不知道他是否参加音乐会。(宾语从句)3．问题是值不值得试一试。(表语从句)4．他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。(同位语从句)5．他没来公司的原因是他生病了。(表语从句)
It is decided that the meeting has been put ff till next Mnday.
I didn't knw whether/if he wuld attend the cncert.
The questin is whether it is wrth trying.
The news that they had wn the game sn spread ver the whle schl.
The reasn why he didn't cme t the cmpany was that he was ill.
(2020·黄冈中学模拟)Canadians and Americans eat smewhat differently. Sme Canadians use tableware as Americans d，while sme like the tableware f the British Isles，Ireland and the Cmmnwealth f Natins; but mst Canadians use a 1. (cmbine) f the tw styles. Canadians tend 2. (use) the simpler British，Irish and Cmmnwealth style when cutting fd. The right hand cuts with a knife，while the left hlds 3. is being cut with a frk. Then the left hand，use 4.________ frk t lift the cut fd directly int the muth.
In cntrast，mst Americans will exchange the knife and frk befre 5.________(lift) cut fd t their muths，which is 6.________ (true) embarrassing.In the mst cases，Americans use frks 7.________ (hld) in their right hands t bring all fd t their muths，whether r nt it needs t be cut.Mst Canadians use the American style 8.________ fd that des nt need t be cut. Each f these styles 9. (be) acceptable in bth cuntries.Hwever，yu will be less 10. (attract) by using the American style in the United States，as mst Americans are nt as used t different cultures as Canadians are.