人教版高考英语一轮复习语法专题9名词性从句课件
展开1.(2021·新高考Ⅰ, 语篇填空) is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
2.(2021·天津3月, 单项填空)What puzzles Lily’s friends is she always has s many crazy ideas.
分析句子结构可知, 本句中的 is s breath-taking abut the experience为主语从句, 主语从句中缺少主语, 故填What。
句意:令莉莉的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。分析句子结构可知, 该空需要一个表语从句的连接词, 结合句意, 应该是朋友们不明白莉莉为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。
3.(2020·天津, 单项填空)The student cmpleted this experiment t make cme true Prfessr Jseph had said.
4.(2020·浙江, 语篇填空)Over thusands f years, they began t depend less n culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild, and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
句意: 为了让约瑟夫教授所说的话成为现实, 学生们完成了这个实验。分析句子结构可知, make后要接宾语从句, what在此处引导宾语从句, 且在从句中做had said的宾语。
由空前n可知宾语从句缺少连接词; 由空后culd be hunted可知此处缺少主语, 因此需用what, 故填what。
5.(2019·全国Ⅰ, 语篇填空)While they are rare nrth f 88°, there is evidence they range all the way acrss the Arctic.
6.(2018·全国Ⅲ, 语篇填空)I’m nt sure is mre frightened, me r the female grilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.
空格前面的单词是evidence, 空格后面的句子用来说明evidence的内容, 由此判断是同位语从句。所填的词在句中不做句子成分, 故填that。
I’m nt sure后面接宾语从句, 所以用wh指“我”不确定“我”和母猩猩两者中谁更害怕一点。
考点一 名词性从句的引导词
考点二 主语从句1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语, 大多数主语从句都可以用it做形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。it做形式主语后接that引导的主语从句时, that不可以省略。what引导的主语从句不能用it做形式主语代替。Hw we understand things has a lt t d with what we feel. 我们理解事物的方式与我们的感受有很大关系。Exactly when the ptat was intrduced int Eurpe is uncertain, but it was prbably arund 1565. 马铃薯具体是在什么时候被引入欧洲的并不确定, 但有可能是在1565年左右。
What makes the bk s extrardinary is the creative imaginatin f the writer. 使这本书非同寻常的是这位作家创造性的想象力。That she will succeed is certain. =It is certain that she will succeed. 她肯定会成功。
2.it做形式主语的常见句型(1)It is+名词(n wnder, an hnur, a gd thing, a pity, n surprise等)+that从句.It is n surprise that we will win the match. 我们将会赢得比赛, 这一点也不惊奇。(2)It is+形容词(bvius, true, natural, surprising, gd, funny, pssible, likely, certain等)+that从句.It is certain that he will cme. 他肯定会来。(3)It is+过去分词(said, reprted, thught, expected, decided, annunced等)+that从句.It is said that Mr Smith has arrived. 据说史密斯先生已经到了。
考点三 宾语从句1.动词和介词后面都可以跟宾语从句。大多数动词(hpe, tell, say等)后可以跟宾语从句。介词后只能跟wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。We must find ut when Karl is cming, s we can bk a rm fr him. 我们必须弄清楚卡尔会在什么时候来, 这样我们就可以为他订房间了。It’s gd t knw that the dgs will be well cared fr while we’re away. 得知在我们离开期间这些狗将会受到很好的照顾真是太好了。I dn’t think (that) yu are right. 我认为你不对。
2.动词find, feel, think, cnsider, make, believe等后有宾语补足语时, 需用it做形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty f biled water every day. 我认为我们有必要每天喝足够的开水。3.hate, enjy, like, lve, dislike, see t等后接宾语从句时, 常在从句前面加it。I hate it when they talk with their muths full f fd. 我讨厌他们吃着东西说话。4.sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, surprised等形容词后也可接宾语从句。I’m sure that they can make it. 我确定他们会成功。
考点四 表语从句1.跟在be动词或者其他系动词后的从句为表语从句。that引导表语从句时不能省略。The best mment fr the ftball player was when he scred the winning gal. 对足球运动员来说最好的时刻就是他进决胜球的时候。As Jhn Lennn nce said, life is what/whatever happens t yu while yu are busy making ther plans. 正如约翰·列侬曾经说过的, 生活就是当你忙于制订其他的计划时所发生在你身上的事情。The message f the film is that humans want peace, nt war. 这部电影传达的信息是人们想要和平而不是战争。
2.主句主语为idea, advice, suggestin, rder, request, requirement等名词时, 表语从句的谓语应该用“shuld+动词原形”的形式, shuld可以省略。His suggestin is that we (shuld) change ur curse. 他建议我们改变航线。3.主语为名词reasn时, 表语从句的连接词用that, 不用why或者because。The reasn fr the accident is that the driver was t careless. 这起事故的原因是司机太大意。4.because, as if, as thugh, as等也可引导表语从句。Frm space, Earth lks blue. This is because abut seventy-ne percent f its surface is cvered by water. 从太空看, 地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%的地方被水覆盖。
考点五 同位语从句同位语从句是用来解释说明某一名词的内容或者性质的从句。1.常见的能接同位语从句的名词有: belief, fact, hpe, idea, dubt, news, cnclusin, suggestin, prblem, rder, answer, decisin, explanatin, infrmatin, thught, wrd等。The fact that cllege students are financially dependent n their parents is nthing new. 大学生在经济上依靠他们的父母的这一事实并不是什么新鲜事。Peple all ver the wrld have a dream that they will always live a peaceful life. 全世界的人民都有一个梦想, 即永远过着和平的生活。
2.同位语从句一般用that引导, 但根据语境的不同, 也可以用其他的连接代词和连接副词。引导同位语从句的that不能省略。—Is it true that Mike refused an ffer frm Yale University yesterday? —Yes, but I have n idea why he did it; that’s ne f his favurite universities. ——昨天迈克拒绝接受来自耶鲁大学的录取通知书是真的吗? ——是的, 但是我不能理解他为什么这样做; 那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。
3.有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的名词后, 而是被别的成分隔开。The thught came t him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想到敌人可能已逃离这座城市。4.dubt后面的从句要根据具体情况选择引导词。dubt用于肯定句时, 其后的宾语从句用whether/if引导, 同位语从句用whether引导; 用于否定句时, 宾语从句和同位语从句都用that引导。Yu can cmplain, but I dubt whether it will make any difference. 你可以发牢骚, 但我对这样做是否有用表示怀疑。There is n dubt that we will have an exam next week. 毫无疑问, 下周我们要考试。
考点六 whether与if引导的从句whether与if 当“是否”讲时, 在下列情况下只用whether, 不用if: 1.引导主语从句并用在句首时。Whether yu are n gd terms with yur classmates will affect yur md. 你与同学相处得是否融洽会影响你的情绪。2.引导表语从句和同位语从句时。We shuld discuss the questin whether we can finish it n time carefully. 我们应该认真讨论一下我们是否能按时完成任务这个问题。
3.所引导的从句做介词宾语时。It all depends n whether they will lend us the mney. 这都要看他们是否会借给我们钱。4.与r nt直接连用时。I didn’t knw whether r nt he had arrived in Beijing. 我不知道他是否已经到达了北京。5.后接动词不定式时。I dn’t knw whether t g t the party. 我不知道是否去参加聚会。
考点七 that, what与which1.that 引导名词性从句时, 在从句中不充当任何句子成分, 只起连接作用, 也没有任何含义; that 引导的宾语从句一般不做介词的宾语(介词but, except, besides, in除外)。That he failed the exam made me surprised. (主语从句, that不充当从句成分)他考试没及格令我很惊讶。He is a gd student except that he is a little careless. 除了有点粗心以外, 他是一个好学生。
2.what引导名词性从句时, 其意义为 “……的人/物/数目等”, 在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。what具有双重作用, 既能引导从句, 又能在从句中做成分。做主语、宾语和表语时, what可以分解成 “定语从句的先行词+关系代词”, 即常说的 “先行词+that”。“Every time yu eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is what my mther usually used t tell me. (what 指“……说的话”)“每次吃糖, 要喝点绿茶。” 这是我母亲过去常告诉我的。A ship in harbur is safe, but that’s nt what the ship is built fr. (做fr的宾语, 意思为“……的用途”)
船停泊在港湾里会很安全, 但人们把它造出来可不是这个目的。Yu will knw what side effect the medicine brings abut. (做定语, 意思为“什么样的”)你将会知道这种药会带来什么副作用。He lives in what we call “spring city”. (表示“……的地方”)=He lives in the place that we call “spring city”. 他住在一个叫“春城”的地方。Yu dn’t knw what gd students they are. (表示“多么”, 此为感叹句用于宾语从句中)你不知道他们是多么好的学生。
3.which 引导名词性从句, 其意义为 “哪一个”, 可以指人也可以指物, 是在已知的具体的人、事、物当中进行选择; 引导定语从句时, 只能当关系代词, 在从句中做主语或宾语, 且只能指物。Tell me which bk yu like better, the red ne r the blue ne? I will buy the bk which yu chse fr yu. 告诉我你更喜欢哪本书, 红色的还是蓝色的? 我给你买你选中的那本。4.A is t B what C is t D. A对于B 就像C对于D一样。Air is t us what water is t fish. 空气对于我们就像水对于鱼一样。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2021·山东临沂高三期末检测)This is ne man in Turkey recently did.
2.(2021·山东济南高三11月联考)As I was struggling t figure ut what t d, a middle-aged black man kncked n my car windw and asked me I needed help.
if/whether
系动词is后面为表语从句, 分析句子结构可知, 从句中缺少did的宾语, 故用连接代词what。
分析句子结构可知, “ I needed help” 做直接宾语, 空格处为宾语从句的引导词, 在从句中不做任何成分, 意为 “是否”, 故填if或whether。
3.(2020·北京东城高三二模)After sptting the hidden piece f land in ______ first lked like an e-map fault, the grup f friends set ut in a bat t cnfirm what they’d fund.
4.(2020·北京朝阳高三二模)Kch cncluded six space walks and she did sme experiments that studied peple are able t live utside Earth.
what引导名词性从句做介词in的宾语, 并且在从句中做主语, 意为“……的(东西)”。
该处需要宾语从句引导词, 根据句子逻辑关系推断表达“是否”之意, 故填连词if或whether。
5.(2020·北京房山二模)The research cnducted by these vessels is prviding scientists with a better understanding f the sea bed was frmed.
6.(2019·江苏, 单项填空)Scientists have btained mre evidence plastic is finding its way int the human bdy.
hw为连接副词, 在此引导名词性从句做介词f的宾语。
句意: 科学家们已经获得了更多的证据, 表明塑料正在进入人体。分析句子结构可知, 后面的句子解释说明evidence的内容, 所以是同位语从句, 连接词在从句中不做成分, 故填that。
7.(2019·辽宁八校联考)This is my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
8.(2019·江苏南通模拟)The gld medal will be awarded t wins first place in the bicycle race.
句意: 这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难, 抱最大的希望。此处是表语从句, 该空在从句中做taught的宾语, 故用what引导。
句意: 无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名, 金牌将授予他。分析句子可知, 宾语从句中缺少主语, 故用whever, 表示“无论谁”。
9.(2019·江苏徐州一中模拟)Taking a bat is the nly way t get here, which is we arrived.
句意: 乘船是到达这里唯一的途径, 这就是我们如何到达的。which引导的是非限制性定语从句, is后面为表语从句。根据Taking a bat可知, 此处用hw引导表语从句, 表示“如何”。
10.(2018·山东师大附中二模)My first task was t decide where I culd g and I culd get there.
句意: 我的首要任务是决定去哪里及如何到达那里。根据句意可知设空处表示“如何”, 故填hw。
11.(2018·福建安溪模拟)Success partially depends n yu have the patience t d simple things perfectly.
句意: 成功部分取决于你是否有耐心把简单的事情做得完美。设空处引导宾语从句, 做介词n的宾语, 意为“是否”, 故填whether。
12.They wanted t understand wh painted the pictures and they might mean.
由该句结构可知, 空处为宾语从句的连接词, 且空处在从句中做动词mean的宾语, 故填what。
13.I have n dubt my brther will pass the driving test.
此处为同位语从句, 连接词用that。
14. r nt a cmputer is prtable is imprtant.
根据句意“计算机是否是轻便的是很重要的”可知, 空处引导主语从句, 且与r nt直接连用, 连接词只用whether不用if。
15. made that statement des nt knw the facts.
16.Every year, makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
空后的从句中缺少主语, 应用whever=anyne wh, 它既引导主语从句也在从句中做主语, 故填whever。
句意: 每年, 凡是制作出最精美的风筝的人将在风筝节上获奖。whever在此处相当于anyne或anybdy wh, 引导主语从句。
17.The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is ne can be entirely free frm dust.
句意: 雨季最让人愉悦的一件事情就是可以完全远离尘土。分析句子结构可知, 空处在句子中引导表语从句, 且从句句子结构完整, 故用that, 只起连接作用, 无实在意义。
Ⅱ.完成句子1.It is nne f yur business (别人怎么认为你). Believe in yurself. 2.The prfessr suggested (我们应该保持身体平衡). 3. (令这个男孩感兴趣的) was the mvable wheels n the ty. 4.We shuld shw ur great thanks t (任何帮助过我们的人). 5.she was in dubt _______________________________________________(她是否能被新同学接受).
what ther peple think abut yu
that we shuld keep ur bdy in balance
What interested the by
whever has helped us
whether she wuld be accepted by the new classmates
2024版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题板块4第3讲名词性从句课件新人教版: 这是一份2024版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题板块4第3讲名词性从句课件新人教版,共33页。PPT课件主要包含了剖析考点·语法突破,考点1 主语从句,宾语从句的引导词,考点2 宾语从句,表语从句的引导词,考点3 表语从句,考点4 同位语从句,高效训练·跟踪检测,how,whether等内容,欢迎下载使用。
高考英语总复习语法专题4第3讲名词性从句课件: 这是一份高考英语总复习语法专题4第3讲名词性从句课件,共41页。PPT课件主要包含了剖析考点·语法突破,高效训练·跟踪检测,What ,what ,where ,who ,to ,to settle ,broken ,action 等内容,欢迎下载使用。
高中英语高考2020版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题13名词性从句课件新人教版: 这是一份高中英语高考2020版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题13名词性从句课件新人教版,共45页。PPT课件主要包含了专题十三 名词性从句等内容,欢迎下载使用。