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2024届高考英语复习语法专题4第3讲名词性从句课件
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这是一份2024届高考英语复习语法专题4第3讲名词性从句课件，共33页。PPT课件主要包含了剖析考点·语法突破，考点1 主语从句，宾语从句的引导词，高效训练·跟踪检测，how，whether，ifwhether，where，What，before等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk．Whatever yu can d helps．你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。Where Prfessr Han was brn is knwn t the public．韩教授出生的地方人人皆知。
易错提示(1)that引导主语从句时不可省略。(2)当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if。
2．形式主语it作形式主语的常见句型：(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/imprtant/uncertain等)＋that从句(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/n wnder等)＋that从句(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/believed/reprted等)＋that从句(4)It＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句It is necessary that yu (shuld) aplgise t him．你向他道歉是有必要的。
It's n surprise that ur team has wn the game．我们队获胜一点儿都不令人吃惊。It is decided that the meeting will be put ff till next Friday．根据决定，会议被推迟到下周五。It desn't matter whether yu pay by cash r credit card in this stre．在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
易错提示当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时，用if或whether引导均可，但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接r nt时，只能用whether。
Our teachers always tell us t believe in what we d and wh we are if we want t succeed．老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想要成功，要相信我们所做的事情和我们自己。
易错提示(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只能用whether，不能用if。
2．形式宾语宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式或从句)后置。(1)动词find/feel/think/cnsider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjy＋it＋从句(3)短语动词see t/depend n/rely n＋it＋从句(4)固定搭配take it fr granted that/we it t sb．that＋从句
N matter where he is, he makes it a rule t g fr a walk befre breakfast．无论他在哪里，他都习惯在早餐前散步。I shall see t it that he is taken gd care f when yu are absent．当你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
3．宾语从句的时态一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。
The mst imprtant result fr the user is that the prduct des what is intended．对用户来说，最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。This is where we usually think it's easier t just give up．这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
易错提示if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。
2．as if/as thugh引导表语从句as if/as thugh意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem, appear, lk, taste, sund, feel, smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。The thick smg cvered the whle city．It was as if a great black blanket had been thrwn ver it．浓雾笼罩着整个城市，这就好像一块巨大的黑色毯子被扔到了它的上面。
3．其他常考的表语从句(1)This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因”(2)This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……”(3)The reasn why that＋表语从句“……的原因是……”
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。同位语从句所修饰的名词：advice, cnclusin, dubt, fact, hpe, idea, news, prmise, questin, suggestin, thught, truth, wish, wrd等。同位语从句的引导词：that, whether, hw, where, when, why等。The fact that yu are wrng can't be changed by yu r me．你错了这个事实，是你我不能改变的。
易错提示that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that引导定语从句时，that既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分；如果在从句中作宾语，that还可以省略，所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，不能省略。The news that they had wn the game sn spread ver the whle schl．他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了学校。(同位语从句)The news that yu tld me yesterday was really disappinting．你昨天告诉我的消息实在令人失望。(定语从句)
1．that和what的区别that引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的“先行词＋关系代词”，即常说的“先行词＋that/which/wh”。It's a shame that he has made such a mistake．真遗憾，他犯了这样一个错误。I will d what I can (d) t help him．我将尽我所能帮助他。
考点5 名词性从句重点辨析
2．同位语从句与定语从句的区别判断是定语从句还是同位语从句可以用“加词”的方法，即在名词和从句之间加入一个be动词，如果句子意思成立，则是同位语从句，否则，则是定语从句。试比较：①The ntice that the meeting had t be put ff was true．(同位语从句)→The ntice was that the meeting had t be put ff．②The ntice that he read just nw was true．(定语从句)
3．whether与if引导的名词性从句(1)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，且前面需用it作形式主语。Whether it is true remains a questin．这是否是真的依然是个问题。It is unknwn if he will attend the meeting．他是否会来参加会议还不清楚。
(2)whether与if引导宾语从句时，大多数情况下可以互换，后面直接跟r nt时用whether，用于介词后引导宾语从句时也用whether。We dn't knw whether r nt she was ready．我们不知道她是否准备好了。I'm interested in whether yu've finished the wrk．我对你是否完成了这项工作感兴趣。
(3)whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，而if不可以引导这两种从句。The questin is whether it is wrth ding．问题是它是否值得去做。The questin whether the wrk was wrth ding has nt been decided．这项工作是否值得去做的问题还没有确定。
【技巧点拨】名词性从句解题三步走第一步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。第二步：一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词。指物用what, whatever；指人用wh, whever。第三步：如果不缺少主语或宾语，要看从句是否有疑问。如果没有疑问用that，有疑问则根据句意使用when, where, why, hw, whether等。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)I dn't knw _____ t thank him．2．(2022·北京卷)It's easy t explain hw we determine _______ smells are dangerus r nt: we learn．3．(2022·浙江1月卷)Cbb, fr her part, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak ___________ she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f the time, they agreed．
4．(2021·北京卷)The pr wman wasn't able t give him any infrmatin abut _____ she lived．5．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles' sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”．____ is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes．
Ⅱ．语法填空(2023·潍坊模拟)When it cmes t ancient civilisatin, mst peple think f the Greeks and Rmans．It's understandable as bth 1．____________ (shape) mdern sciety in sme way s far, whether it be their scial, cultural, r plitical influences．Hwever, dzens f civilisatins had been arund lng 2．______ the Greeks and Rmans, the lesser-knwn Jiahu peple 3．________ (include)．
have shaped
The Jiahu settlement is lcated in the central plain f ancient China, 4．__ area knwn tday as Henan Prvince．The peple created the cuntry's ldest recgnised civilisatin．The area is rich in artifacts, 5．______ (make) it an archaelgist's dream．Apart frm the usual finds, peple have uncvered recrds f the earliest examples f Chinese writing and prf 6．____ they were prducers f the wrld's ldest wine．Anther remarkable discvery was the ldest wrking bne flutes (长笛)．7．_________ (typical) carved frm the wing bne f a crane,
they were mst likely used in special ceremnies．Rugh weaving tls and bne needles 8．_______________ (unearth) frm the site, t, indicating that Jiahu residents may have pssessed basic weaving and sewing skills 8，500 years ag．The settlement's end came arund 5700 BCE when the nearby river verflwed and flded the area．It is assumed that the Jiahu peple left their hme 9．__________ (settle) elsewhere, even thugh there is n indicatin as t 10．_____ that might have been．
were unearthed
Ⅲ．写作运用根据汉语补全下面写作，注意名词性从句的运用。Dear Sir r Madam，I am writing t 1．_______________________________________________________(告诉你录音笔似乎有些问题) I bught frm yur website several days ag．First, the vice isn't s clear as yu claimed．Secnd, it's nt easy t perate, which has caused me much truble．2．_____________(我所期待的是) is a human-friendly ne．
tell yu that there seems smething wrng with
the recrding pen
What I expect
Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk．Whatever yu can d helps．你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。Where Prfessr Han was brn is knwn t the public．韩教授出生的地方人人皆知。
易错提示(1)that引导主语从句时不可省略。(2)当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if。
2．形式主语it作形式主语的常见句型：(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/imprtant/uncertain等)＋that从句(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/n wnder等)＋that从句(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/believed/reprted等)＋that从句(4)It＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句It is necessary that yu (shuld) aplgise t him．你向他道歉是有必要的。
It's n surprise that ur team has wn the game．我们队获胜一点儿都不令人吃惊。It is decided that the meeting will be put ff till next Friday．根据决定，会议被推迟到下周五。It desn't matter whether yu pay by cash r credit card in this stre．在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
易错提示当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时，用if或whether引导均可，但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接r nt时，只能用whether。
Our teachers always tell us t believe in what we d and wh we are if we want t succeed．老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想要成功，要相信我们所做的事情和我们自己。
易错提示(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只能用whether，不能用if。
2．形式宾语宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式或从句)后置。(1)动词find/feel/think/cnsider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjy＋it＋从句(3)短语动词see t/depend n/rely n＋it＋从句(4)固定搭配take it fr granted that/we it t sb．that＋从句
N matter where he is, he makes it a rule t g fr a walk befre breakfast．无论他在哪里，他都习惯在早餐前散步。I shall see t it that he is taken gd care f when yu are absent．当你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
3．宾语从句的时态一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。
The mst imprtant result fr the user is that the prduct des what is intended．对用户来说，最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。This is where we usually think it's easier t just give up．这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
易错提示if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。
2．as if/as thugh引导表语从句as if/as thugh意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem, appear, lk, taste, sund, feel, smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。The thick smg cvered the whle city．It was as if a great black blanket had been thrwn ver it．浓雾笼罩着整个城市，这就好像一块巨大的黑色毯子被扔到了它的上面。
3．其他常考的表语从句(1)This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因”(2)This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……”(3)The reasn why that＋表语从句“……的原因是……”
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。同位语从句所修饰的名词：advice, cnclusin, dubt, fact, hpe, idea, news, prmise, questin, suggestin, thught, truth, wish, wrd等。同位语从句的引导词：that, whether, hw, where, when, why等。The fact that yu are wrng can't be changed by yu r me．你错了这个事实，是你我不能改变的。
易错提示that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that引导定语从句时，that既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分；如果在从句中作宾语，that还可以省略，所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，不能省略。The news that they had wn the game sn spread ver the whle schl．他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了学校。(同位语从句)The news that yu tld me yesterday was really disappinting．你昨天告诉我的消息实在令人失望。(定语从句)
1．that和what的区别that引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的“先行词＋关系代词”，即常说的“先行词＋that/which/wh”。It's a shame that he has made such a mistake．真遗憾，他犯了这样一个错误。I will d what I can (d) t help him．我将尽我所能帮助他。
考点5 名词性从句重点辨析
2．同位语从句与定语从句的区别判断是定语从句还是同位语从句可以用“加词”的方法，即在名词和从句之间加入一个be动词，如果句子意思成立，则是同位语从句，否则，则是定语从句。试比较：①The ntice that the meeting had t be put ff was true．(同位语从句)→The ntice was that the meeting had t be put ff．②The ntice that he read just nw was true．(定语从句)
3．whether与if引导的名词性从句(1)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，且前面需用it作形式主语。Whether it is true remains a questin．这是否是真的依然是个问题。It is unknwn if he will attend the meeting．他是否会来参加会议还不清楚。
(2)whether与if引导宾语从句时，大多数情况下可以互换，后面直接跟r nt时用whether，用于介词后引导宾语从句时也用whether。We dn't knw whether r nt she was ready．我们不知道她是否准备好了。I'm interested in whether yu've finished the wrk．我对你是否完成了这项工作感兴趣。
(3)whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，而if不可以引导这两种从句。The questin is whether it is wrth ding．问题是它是否值得去做。The questin whether the wrk was wrth ding has nt been decided．这项工作是否值得去做的问题还没有确定。
【技巧点拨】名词性从句解题三步走第一步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。第二步：一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词。指物用what, whatever；指人用wh, whever。第三步：如果不缺少主语或宾语，要看从句是否有疑问。如果没有疑问用that，有疑问则根据句意使用when, where, why, hw, whether等。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)I dn't knw _____ t thank him．2．(2022·北京卷)It's easy t explain hw we determine _______ smells are dangerus r nt: we learn．3．(2022·浙江1月卷)Cbb, fr her part, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak ___________ she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f the time, they agreed．
4．(2021·北京卷)The pr wman wasn't able t give him any infrmatin abut _____ she lived．5．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles' sng “The Lng and Winding Rad”．____ is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes．
Ⅱ．语法填空(2023·潍坊模拟)When it cmes t ancient civilisatin, mst peple think f the Greeks and Rmans．It's understandable as bth 1．____________ (shape) mdern sciety in sme way s far, whether it be their scial, cultural, r plitical influences．Hwever, dzens f civilisatins had been arund lng 2．______ the Greeks and Rmans, the lesser-knwn Jiahu peple 3．________ (include)．
have shaped
The Jiahu settlement is lcated in the central plain f ancient China, 4．__ area knwn tday as Henan Prvince．The peple created the cuntry's ldest recgnised civilisatin．The area is rich in artifacts, 5．______ (make) it an archaelgist's dream．Apart frm the usual finds, peple have uncvered recrds f the earliest examples f Chinese writing and prf 6．____ they were prducers f the wrld's ldest wine．Anther remarkable discvery was the ldest wrking bne flutes (长笛)．7．_________ (typical) carved frm the wing bne f a crane,
they were mst likely used in special ceremnies．Rugh weaving tls and bne needles 8．_______________ (unearth) frm the site, t, indicating that Jiahu residents may have pssessed basic weaving and sewing skills 8，500 years ag．The settlement's end came arund 5700 BCE when the nearby river verflwed and flded the area．It is assumed that the Jiahu peple left their hme 9．__________ (settle) elsewhere, even thugh there is n indicatin as t 10．_____ that might have been．
were unearthed
Ⅲ．写作运用根据汉语补全下面写作，注意名词性从句的运用。Dear Sir r Madam，I am writing t 1．_______________________________________________________(告诉你录音笔似乎有些问题) I bught frm yur website several days ag．First, the vice isn't s clear as yu claimed．Secnd, it's nt easy t perate, which has caused me much truble．2．_____________(我所期待的是) is a human-friendly ne．
tell yu that there seems smething wrng with
the recrding pen
What I expect
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