陕西省西安市长安区2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：阅读理解

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陕西省西安市长安区2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编阅读理解2023年陕西省西安市长安区中考一模英语试题Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共15小题, 计20分）第一节: 阅读A、B、C三篇材料, 从各小题所给的选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。（共10小题, 计15分）ACourse 1This course is to help students develop a healthy eating habit. The biggest fun of this course is that you can experience cooking. You needn’t bring any materials to the classroom. Cooking for your family or your friends one day is so cool!Course 2Are you interested in paper cutting, Chinese clay or kite-making? If you are interested in them, here is the chance. They sound simple but difficult to do. Miss Hong will show you how to make them. We should respect and enjoy the beauty of the traditional arts.Course 3Did you find doing housework is tiring and hard? Come to this course. It will help you learn some valuable skills to do housework more easily.Course 4This course is special because the teachers will show you the knowledge out of classrooms. Students will plant flowers, vegetables and some trees with the teachers’ help. But if it is rainy or windy, the course will be put off. 21. Which tool is probably to be used in Course 1?A.  B.  C.  D. 22. Which is the correct title order of the four courses? a. Be an Excellent Cook                     b. Be a Skillful Gardenerc. Enjoy the Beauty of Traditional Art          d. Become a Master in CleaningA. a—b—c—d B. b—d—a—c C. a—c—d—b D. b—c—d—a23. Where can we probably read the poster?A. In a newspaper. B. In a diary. C. In a novel. D. In an invitation.BChongqing, a city of more than 32 million people, faced a test in the summer of 2022. A high heat caused a large wildfire since August 17. More than 14,000 people joined this war, including firefighters, soldiers and professional teams. At the same time, people sent helicopters(直升机) to put out the fire. Local people also joined the war to protect their hometown in every possible way. Thousands of volunteers fought the fire with firefighters. Under a hot sun, Chongqing people cut down trees in order to stop more trees from catching fire. Others rode motorcycles on mountain road to take firefighters up a mountain, while some volunteers carried food and drinks on their backs on foot. Women and children were not waiting at home. They helped clear the ground, and do other important work. On Thursday night, as the wildfire reached a man-made barrier(障碍) on Jinyun Mountain in Beibei District, more than 1,000 firefighters and volunteers stood alongside the barrier with the fire extinguishers(灭火器). They built a silver wall against the red fire. Zou Yu, from the Chongqing Emergency Management Bureau, said at a news conference that by Friday morning, the wildfire in the city had been put out.24. ________ caused the large wildfire.A. Carelessness B. Cutting down trees C. High temperature D. Global warming25. Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?A. 14 thousand people joined this war.B. To stop fire, people had to cut down trees.CWomen and children were all waiting at their homes.D. By Thursday morning, the wildfire had been put out.26. What can we learn from the passage?A. Many hands make light work. B. No pains, no gains.C. Practice makes perfect. D. Do as the Romans do.CWhen storms come, most people stay at safe places. But some run towards the danger. The 20-year-old photographer Liu Yijing is one of them. He runs towards storms to catch the nature and he is called “storm chaser”. Liu was born in Jiangxi Province. He has been interested in storms since childhood. When his classmates at primary school watched cartoons, he watched the weather report every night. In high school, he read many books about the weather and he also studied meteorology（气象学）. In college, he opened a workroom with his friends because they love photography. But because of some reasons, they had to close the workroom and returned home sadly. When he stayed at home, a storm hit his hometown. Liu used his drone（无人机）to take a lot of photos. Then he started his job as a storm photographer. In 2020, he went to Inner Mongolia to take photos of storm. His first trip was not successful. On his second trip, he took an amazing photo. The photo took the clouds that gave rise to（造成）tornado（龙卷风）. “I still remember how excited I was,” he said. A Sina Weibo user named Guanwaidelin says that the photo shocked him because it showed how powerful nature is and how small human is. A storm may be beautiful when nature shows its power but it can bring trouble. So Liu makes videos to help people understand meteorology and its influence on daily life.27. Liu runs towards storms to ________.A. make himself famous online B. record the beauty of natureC. try something special and creative D. stay away from the sand28. What can we infer from the third paragraph?A. It’s never too old to learn. B. Two heads are better than one.C. When one door closes, another one opens. D. Love me, love my dog.29. The underlined word “shocked” means “________”.A. upset B. worried C. scared D. surprised30. What is the best title for the passage?A. Power of nature B. The story of the stormC. The way to learn photograph D. Liu Yijing: storm chaser, dream chaser 2022年陕西省西安市长安区中考一模英语试题第一节：阅读A、B、C三篇短文，从各小题所给的选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。（共10小题，计15分）AChina’s fifth solar term (节气) Clear and Bright, comes on April 4, 5 or 6 each year. At this time, temperature begins to rise around the country and rainfall increases, making it an important time for farming in spring. It is also a traditional Chinese festival, Tomb-sweeping Day.The festival has something to do with Jie Zitui in the Spring and Auturnn Period. Jie saved his lord’s life by serving meat cut from his own leg. The lord, known as Jin Wengong, later came to power. He decided to reward (奖赏) Jie, but Jie refused. Unluckily, Jie was burned to death when Jin Wengong set fire to a forest to force him out. Jin Wengong was sad to hear of Jie’s death. Then he ordered that each year on that day setting off fire was not allowed, and that all people should eat cold food. This is the origin (起源) of the Cold Food Festival,which used to be 1 or 2 days before Clear and Bright. Later the two merged (融合) and became Tomb-sweeping Day. This is a festival of different feelings. At the festival, people usually honor the dead, plant willows, take spring outings, fly kites and eat cold food. They also do some sports to keep warm and avoid harm caused by cold dishes. As a result, this festival includes not only sadness from sweeping new tombs but also laughter from spring outings.21．________ makes Clear and Bright important for farming.A．The traditional culture B．The change of the dateC．The warmer and wetter weather D．The increasing need of cold food22．What can we infer from the second paragraph?A．Jin Wengong felt regretful about Jie’s death. B．Jie Zitui could only eat cold food in the forest.C．Jin Wengong wanted to kill Jie by setting a fire. D．Jie Zitui saved Jin Wengong’s life many times.23．In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the article?A．Society News. B．Healthy and Diet. C．History and Culture. D．Around the World. BXi’an, the capital of Shaanxi Province, has been under lockdown (封锁) since the breakout of COVID-19 cases in late 2021. Although life was seriously affected, people still remained optimistic (乐观的) to fight the pandemic (流行病). Also, our health care workers have provided nucleic acid test (核酸检测) for us in the past few months. Although many volunteers in the communities faced great challenges, they never stopped working. In order to praise health care workers and describe how Xi’an people lived their life during the pandemic, the people of Xi’an made a video shortly after the lockdown. It shows that people expect to have “the big meal”—Pao Mo—when the pandemic is over. And the video describes walking on the City Wall. It was built during the Ming Dynasty, and it is the best-protected wall in China so far. The video also describes visiting the Han Tang Book City, a famous bookstore in Xi’an. During the Han and Tang dynasties, Xi’an was the capital of China.In this video, you will see people working hard in the wind and snow, and the city’s amazing nightlife. It helps us understand the city better: its special culture, people’s daily life and their love for their hometown. Welcome to Xi’an when the pandemic disappears, and the ancient city will start again!24．From Paragraph 1, we can know COVID-19 broke out in Xi’an in ________.A．early 2020 B．late 2021 C．late 2022 D．early 202125．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A．The bookstore. B．The City Wall. C．The Pao Mo. D．The video.26．What have we learned from this passage?A．Our life has been seriously affected and people didn’t remain optimistic. B．The City Wall was built during the Han and Tang dynasties.C．The City Wall was the best-protected wall in China so far. D．Because many volunteers faced great challenges, they stopped working. CKnown as “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻)”, Yuan Longping passed away in Changsha on May 22, 2021 at the age of 91. Yuan had spent his whole life doing research on rice. Now one fifth of rice around the world comes from his discoveries. In 1949, Yuan went to Southwest Agricultural College and began his special connection with rice, which became his lifelong career. It was in the 1970s when Yuan achieved the breakthroughs (重大进展) that would make him a popular name. They developed hybrid rice that recorded a high yearly yield (年产量), 20％ higher than traditional rice. That meant it could feed another 70 million people a year.After helping China out of food shortages (短缺), Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save people who suffered famine all over the world. Since the 1980s, Yuan’s team has offered training courses in many countries around the world. He was given the World Food Prize in 2004. Even in his later years, Yuan continued to do his research. In 2017, working with an agricultural school, he helped create indica rice (籼稻) for areas where there is heavy metal pollution. During his lifetime, Yuan was always driven by his dream to better feed China and the world. For his great achievements, Yuan was given “the Medal of the Republic”, the highest honor in 2020. On hearing the news of his death, large crowds of people came to the hospital in Changsha to see him off, calling out phrases such as, “Grandpa Yuan, have a good journey!”27．Yuan began his research on rice when he was ________ years old.A．19 B．30 C．49 D．7028．The underlined word “famine” means “________”.A．war B．disease C．pollution D．hunger29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text above?A．One third of rice comes from Yuan’s discoveries. B．Yuan did not stop doing research in his later years.C．Yuan was given the World Food Prize in 2014. D．Yuan’s rice could feed 70 thousand people a year.30．This passage mainly tells us _________.A．why people went to see Yuan off B．what Yuan’s achievements and influences areC．where Yuan began his special connection with rice D．how people showed their deep sadness to Yuan’s death 2021年陕西省西安市长安区中考一模英语试题第一节：阅读A、B、C三篇短文，从各小题所给的选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。（共10小题，计15分）AThe COVID-19 virus (病毒) is still spreading around the world. It hangs over all of us. But some good news about vaccines (疫苗) for COVID-19 is bringing us closer to end this terrible disease.On Dec 8, the UK first tested out a vaccine. People all the world felt happy. And then the US started to show its own COVID-19 vaccine on Dec 14. The vaccines became very popular all over the world soon.China started to use the vaccines for the high-risk groups over the winter. Because people can easily get ill in winter. For those who work in the hospitals, customs (海关), seafood markets and public places can receive the vaccine first. Their work put them at higher risk of being infected (感染). They are heroes and they should be respected by us.This is the first step in China’s COVID-19 vaccination plan. As more vaccines are produced, the old people in our country can get the vaccine faster. Some people have special or serious illnesses can get the chance as well. And then, the public can receive vaccines one by one. As we know, many doctors, teachers, students have already received the vaccines.China’s COVID-19 vaccines can offer effective (有效的) protection for at least six months. Vaccination tests have shown that the vaccines are safe and effective. As for those who can’t receive the vaccines right now, officials said there’s no need to worry. Wearing masks in public places, keeping enough distance and washing hands are good and useful ways.41．________ tested out the vaccines for COVID-19 first.A．The US B．Canada C．The UK D．China42．Who can receive the vaccine first except people who ________.A．work in the hospitals B．work in the customsC．work in the seafood markets D．have special or serious illnesses43．How long does China’s COVID-19 vaccine offer effective protection according to the passage?A．Less than half a month. B．At least half a month.C．Less than half a year. D．At least half a year. BIn the eyes of many foreigners, Chinese are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world. They’re not really bad guests, but because the guest-host relationship in China is much different from that in some western counties.In China, guests are almost like gods. Whenever I enter a Chinese person’s home, there is always fruit, tea or water for me. In the west, generally the guest is not a god. Acting according to the host’s way of doing things is usual behavior for a guest.My wife’s mother, a very kind elderly Chinese lady, doesn’t smoke. When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker, I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly, but I must realize that in China, to be a good host, she must not do that. In most North America homes, however, if you are a guest, and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their house. At the very least, you could ask, “Is it OK if I smoke?” But, don’t be surprised if they say, “No, you can’t smoke.” In our culture, if you smoke in their home, you are a bad guest, but if they don’t allow you to smoke in their house, they are not a rude host.Guests in China also have special habits. Some western people may not adapt to these habits very soon. Thankfully my wife is Chinese, so whenever we visit a Chinese family she tells me to buy them a gift. However, giving a gift to a host is not always necessary in my country. So, if you invite international guests to your home, don’t be too surprised if they don’t bring you a gift.44．Many foreigners think that Chinese hosts are the ________ in the world.A．most natural B．worst C．most difficult D．best45．If the writer’s guests want to smoke in his house, what will he probably say?A．It’s OK if you smoke here. B．Let’s smoke together.C．Sorry, you can’t smoke here. D．Smoking is a bad habit.46．The underlined phrase “adapt to” means “________” in the passage.A．think back to B．get used to C．look forward to D．keep close to47．The writer wants to tell us ________.A．foreigners should learn from Chinese B．western hosts are always nice to guestsC．hosts must do things in the guest’s way D．people should understand cultural differences CThere may be something in your food that you can’t see or smell. But it could be killing you. It’s called trans fat (反式脂肪). It is added to our food and causes more than 500,000 deaths every year.The World Health Organization (WHO) has decided to develop a plan to help countries remove trans fat from people’s food in the next five years. Trans fat is usually added to vegetable oil. Food makers use this low-priced oil to make food stay fresh longer. It can be found in food such as cakes, fried food and soon. Studies have found that trans fat increases the risk of heart disease.“Some countries have been stopping trans fat from being used, such as Denmark and a few states in the US. And it’s really important that governments around the world change trans fat for healthier oil.” said Frieden, the head of a public health organization.The WHO asks governments of other countries to do the same. Where trans fat hasn’t been used, heart attacks and deaths from heart disease have dropped greatly.The WHO’s plan calls on governments to take some steps. They include trans fat for healthier oil, letting the public realize trans fat can have a bad influence on people’s health, and carrying out the laws which are against trans fat.If people stop eating food made with trans fat, more than 17 million lives could be saved over the next 25 years.48．Trans fat is added to food because ________ according to the passage.A．it can keep food colorful B．it can make food smell goodC．it can make food cheaper D．it can stop food from going bad49．What is the best title for the passage?A．Stay Away from Trans Fat B．Change Trans Fat for Healthier OilC．Know More about Trans Fat D．Develop a Plan to Stop Using Trans Fat50．Where do you think the passage may come from?A．A history textbook. B．A travel guide. C．A sports newspaper. D．A health magazine. 答案：2023年陕西省西安市长安区中考一模英语试题【答案】21. B22. C23. A【解析】【导语】本文是一则海报，主要介绍了四种课程。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据“The biggest fun of this course is that you can experience cooking.”可知，课程一与“烹饪”有关，会用到炊具，结合选项可知，B项“炒菜锅”符合题意。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Cooking for your family or your friends one day is so cool!”可知，课程一可以教学生们做饭，课程一的标题为“做一名出色的厨师”，a排第一，故排除B和D；根据“We should respect and enjoy the beauty of the traditional arts.”可知，在课程二中可以欣赏到传统艺术的美，课程二的标题为“欣赏传统艺术之美”，c排第二。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了四种课程的内容以及注意事项，属于“广告类”内容，所以有可能出现在报纸中的广告板块。故选A。【答案】24. C25. B26. A【解析】【导语】本文讲述了重庆的野火，大家众志成城，齐心合力，终于扑灭了野火。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“A high heat caused a large wildfire since August 17.”可知，自8月17日以来，高温导致了大规模野火。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“Under a hot sun, Chongqing people cut down trees in order to stop more trees from catching fire.”可知，在烈日下，重庆人砍倒树木，以防止更多的树木着火。选项B“为了灭火，人们不得不砍伐树木”表述正确，故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。本文讲述了重庆的野火，大家众志成城，齐心合力，终于扑灭了野火，选项A“众人拾材火焰高”符合，故选A。【答案】27. B28. C29. D30. D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍摄影师刘屹靖拍摄暴风雨的故事。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“He runs towards storms to catch the nature”可知，他奔向暴风雨去捕捉自然，故选B。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，由于一些原因他和朋友开的工作室关闭了，后来他开始了风暴摄影师的工作。由此可知，当一扇门关闭时，另一扇门就会打开。故选C。【29题详解】词句猜测题。分析“A Sina Weibo user named Guanwaidelin says that the photo shocked him because it showed how powerful nature is and how small human is.”可知，一位名叫Guanwaidelin的新浪微博用户表示，这张照片让他感到震惊，因为它显示了大自然的强大和人类的渺小。所以“shocked”的意思是“震惊的”。故选D。【30题详解】最佳标题题。本文主要介绍摄影师刘屹靖拍摄暴风雨的故事，选项D“刘屹靖：风暴追逐者，梦想追逐者”符合主题，故选D。 2022年陕西省西安市长安区中考一模英语试题21．C22．A23．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了清明节的来历和习俗。21．细节理解题。根据“At this time, temperature begins to rise around the country and rainfall increases, making it an important time for farming in spring”可知，气温开始上升，降雨量增加，使它成为春季农业的重要时间，故选C。22．推理判断题。根据“Jin Wengong was sad to hear of Jie’s death. Then he ordered that each year on that day setting off fire was not allowed, and that all people should eat cold food”可知，晋文公对介子推的死很难过，所以他下令，每年的这一天都不允许放火，所有人都要吃冷食，故选A。23．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了清明节的来历和习俗，属于文化类，故选C。24．B25．D26．C 【导语】本文主要讲述为了感谢疫情期间在西安工作的医护人员，西安人民制作了一个小视频，并详细地介绍了这个视频里面的内容。24．细节理解题。根据“Xi’an, the capital of Shaanxi Province, has been under lockdown (封锁) since the breakout of COVID-19 cases in late 2021”可知，西安的疫情在2021年底爆发，故选B。25．词义猜测题。根据“In this video, you will see people working hard in the wind and snow, and the city’s amazing nightlife”以及“It helps us understand the city better”可知，这个视频帮我们更好地了解这座城市，所以“it”代指“the video”，故选D。26．细节理解题。根据“It was built during the Ming Dynasty, and it is the best-protected wall in China so far”可知，它是中国迄今为止保护得最好的城墙，故选C。27．A28．D29．B30．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了袁隆平的生平以及他在农业上的贡献。27．推理判断题。根据“Yuan Longping passed away in Changsha on May 22, 2021 at the age of 91”以及“In 1949, Yuan went to Southwest Agricultural College and began his special connection with rice, which became his lifelong career”可知，2021年袁隆平去世时是91岁，1949年开始研究水稻，也就是说在19岁时开始的，故选A。28．词义猜测题。根据“After helping China out of food shortages (短缺), Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save people who suffered famine all over the world”可知，袁隆平研究的水稻帮助中国解决了饥饿问题，他的梦想是帮助全世界的人民解决饥饿问题，所以famine与hunger同义，故选D。29．推理判断题。根据“Even in his later years, Yuan continued to do his research”可知，直到晚年，袁隆平仍在继续他的研究，B表述正确，故选B。30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了袁隆平的生平以及他在农业上的贡献，故选B。 2021年陕西省西安市长安区中考一模英语试题41．C42．D43．D【导语】本文主要介绍了新冠疫苗在中国的使用情况。41．细节理解题。根据“On Dec 8, the UK first tested out a vaccine.”可知，英国首先测试了新冠疫苗。故选C。42．细节理解题。根据“For those who work in the hospitals, customs (海关), seafood markets and public places can receive the vaccine first.”可知，工作在医院、海关、海鲜市场和公共区域的人首先注射新冠疫苗，不包括有特殊或严重疾病的人。故选D。43．细节理解题。根据“China’s COVID-19 vaccines can offer effective (有效的) protection for at least six months.”可知，中国的新冠疫苗有效保护时间是至少六个月，即至少半年。故选D。44．D45．C46．B47．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述中国的宾主关系与西方国家的不同。在中国，宾客就像上帝，而在西方国家宾客不是上帝，宾客要根据主人的做事方式而行事；在中国，去主人家做客，通常要带一份礼物。但是当你邀请国际友人来做客，即使他们不带礼物，你也不要大惊小怪，我们要理解这种文化差异。44．细节理解题。根据“In the eyes of many foreigners, Chinese are the best hosts…”可知，在很多外国人眼中，中国人是最好的主人，the best hosts等于hosts are the best，故选D。45．推理判断题。根据“When I see … guests smoking…I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly…”可知，当有客人在作者岳母家吸烟时，作者感到很不开心，想直接阻止客人吸烟，由此可推断，作者会阻止客人在他家里吸烟。故选C。46．词义猜测题。根据“Guests in China also have special habits. Some western people may not adapt to these habits very soon. ”可知，在中国客人也有一些特别的习惯，故猜测adapt to应为“习惯于，适应”之意，表示一些西方人可能不会很快适应这些习惯。故选B。47．推理判断题。根据文章第一段和最后一段可知，中西方的宾主关系存在很大差异，作者是想告诉人们应该理解文化差异。故选D。48．D49．A50．D 【导语】本文说明了反式脂肪对人体的危害，世界卫生组织呼吁各国政府采取措施，停止反式脂肪的使用。48．细节理解题。根据“Trans fat is usually added to vegetable oil. Food makers use this low-priced oil to make food stay fresh longer.”可知，反式脂肪被添加到食物中，能让食物保鲜，即不易变质。故选D。49．标题归纳题。根据最后一段“If people stop eating food made with trans fat, more than 17 million lives could be saved over the next 25 years.”可知，文章主要目的是让我们停止食用含有反式脂肪的食物，选项A“远离反式脂肪”最适合做标题。故选A。50．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章说明了反式脂肪的危害，为了健康，人们应不再食用反式脂肪，由此推测，本文出自健康杂志。故选D。