高中英语高考第1部分 课时精炼 选择性必修第三册　Unit 1 Art

这是一份高中英语高考第1部分 课时精炼 选择性必修第三册　Unit 1 Art，共9页。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·河南许昌质检)
Like everything else，Lndn’s wrld-class museums clsed in March，but ne by ne，mst f them have annunced their repening.Visiting will be very different t the museum experience yu’re used t，thugh：yu’ll have t pre-bk a timed entry slt(时段), yu may have t fllw a ne-way rute and face masks will be encuraged.
British Museum
What is it? Since it pened in 1759—the first ever natinal museum fr the public—the British Museum has been displaying artwrk f wrld heritage，including the Rsetta Stne and the Parthenn sculptures.
Why g? The museum has ver 8 millin bjects in its cllectin,50,000 f which are n display.That’s a lt f bang fr yur buck，cnsidering entrance t the main areas is free.
Natinal Gallery
What is it? A first-class and entirely free-t-enter artistic institutin in the heart f Trafalgar Square.Funded in 1824，the Natinal Gallery is hme t mre than 2,000 paintings frm artists such as da Vinci，Van Ggh，Turner，Picass，Matisse and Cezanne.
Why g? T learn mre abut the wrld’s highly praised artwrks and even try yur hand at drawing in the galleries.
Design Museum
What is it? A fascinating museum that explres cntemprary design and architecture.The Design Museum is bursting with free temprary exhibitins，pp-ups and bkable displays.
Why g? The museum’s new hme in Kensingtn is an abslute design feat，and when yu’ve finished yur walkabut，take a tur t the nearby Hlland Park Kyt Garden fr sme well-deserved rest.
Imperial(帝国的) War Museum
What is it? A pwerful museum shining a light n peple’s experiences f cnflict frm the First Wrld War t tday.A few minutes’ walk frm Waterl，IWM is made up f permanent galleries，such as the ace Curisities f War exhibit，and temprary displays，explring recent cnflicts and terrrist attacks.
Why g? Fr impressive and extensive cllectins，including the mving，and eye-pening permanent Hlcaust exhibitin(nt recmmended fr children under 14)．
1．What is a must fr visitrs t the museums?
A．Bking in advance.
B．Preparing a face mask.
C．Bringing enugh mney.
D．Arriving earlier than usual.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，参观博物馆的人必须提前预订。故选A。
2．In which museum can yu mst prbably see wrld famus paintings?
A．British Museum.
B．Design Museum.
C．Natinal Gallery.
D．Imperial War Museum.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Natinal Gallery部分中的“Funded in 1824，the Natinal Gallery is hme t mre than 2,000 paintings frm artists such as da Vinci，Van Ggh，Turner，Picass，Matisse and Cezanne.”可知，你最有可能在 Natinal Gallery看到世界著名的绘画。故选C。
3．Hw is Imperial War Museum different frm the ther three?
A．It has the largest cllectin.
B．Kids under 14 are nt advised t visit it.
C．Yu can have a gd rest in it.
D．Yu may meet sme artists in it.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Imperial War Museum与其他三家博物馆的不同之处在于，它不建议14岁以下的儿童参观。故选B。
B
In this special schl，Lisa Elder desn’t have a lessn plan r an attendance bk.She des have her walkie-talkie(对讲机)．When the hallways are secure and the teachers ready，the call cmes ver the radi：Students are n their way up.
Three teens，tw bys and ne girl，entered Elder’s classrm.“Why dn’t yu guys have a seat and I’ll tell yu what we’re ding，” she tells them.
Tday，they’re ging t cut ut leaves frm cnstructin paper and write life skills n them：“Patience.” “Hygiene(卫生)．”
Then，Lisa ntices a by named Brandn.He’s hunched(躬身的) ver his desk and he’s gt his fist against his chest—it’s shaking.Lisa tries talking t him but gets n respnse.
It desn’t lk like anything t me：just a by wh’s nt participating in class.But Elder has seen this behavir in his file，and she knws it’s a warning sign.
She radis fr backup，“Culd I have a yuth wrker up in life skills？”
By the time the yuth wrker cmes in，Brandn has turned his desk t face the back wall，and he’s getting mre and mre agitated.He’s still nt respnding.
“OK，” she tells him.“Here are the chices：If yu want t stay in my classrm and participate，I wuld lve yu t.I will d anything I can t help yu.But if all yu’re ging t d is turn yur back and avid everything peple are asking f yu，then I’m ging t have yu brught dwn t the ffice.”
She pauses fr a mment.“I wuld like yu t make the better chice and stay with me.”
That’s nt the chice Brandn makes.It’s becming clear：He culd lse cntrl at any mment.
Elder leaves the rm,20 minutes befre class is ver.As we walk dwn t the residential unit，she tells me，“S when I tell yu that I dn’t knw what the day is ging t bring，that’s a perfect example.”
4．What subject des Elder teach?
A．Paper cutting.
B．Life skills.
C．Building cnstructin.
D．Basic science.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第六段内容“She radis fr backup，‘Culd I have a yuth wrker up in life skills？’”可知，Elder教授的科目是life skills(生活技能)。故选B项。
5．What des the underlined wrd “agitated” shw?
A．Brandn is nw getting quite upset.
B．Brandn is making fun f his teacher.
C．Brandn is drawing Elder’s attentin.
D．Brandn is just jking with his friends.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Then，Lisa ntices a by named Brandn.He’s hunched(躬身的) ver his desk and he’s gt his fist against his chest—it’s shaking.”和第五段中的“it’s a warning sign”可知，Brandn不想听课，感觉很不高兴。再根据他把桌子转向后墙的行为，可推断出Brandn现在很不高兴。故选A项。
6．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．Elder leaves the rm fr safety.
B．The three teens are nrmal students.
C．Brandn will be punished after class.
D．“Me” in the text is the yuth wrker.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，Elder在下课前20分钟离开了教室。再根据倒数第二段中的“He culd lse cntrl at any mment.”可知，这个叫Brandn的男孩随时可能会失去控制，做出过激行为。由此可推断出，Elder为了安全离开了教室。故选A项。
7．In the text，the authr wants t .
A．shw hw hard the schl life is
B．prve life skills are really necessary
C．tell what Elder’s life is like as a teacher
D．call fr the public’s attentin n educatin
答案 C
解析 写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句“S when I tell yu that I dn’t knw what the day is ging t bring，that’s a perfect example.”再结合文章内容可知，作者主要想通过这篇文章告诉我们，在特殊学校里作为老师的Elder，她的生活是什么样的，都会经历些什么。故选C项。
C
(2021·江苏扬州质检)
This seasn，the bushfires in Australia have burned mre than 12.35 millin acres f land.At least 25 peple have been killed and 2,000 hmes destryed.Accrding t the BBC，this has been the mst casualties(伤亡) frm wildfires in the cuntry since 2009.The University f Sydney estimates that 480 millin animals have died in Suth Wales alne.
Zeke Hausfather，an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth，said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia mre susceptible t fires and increased the length f the fire seasn.“The drier cnditins cmbined with recrd high temperatures in 2019 created main cnditins fr the disastrus fires.Australia’s fires were wrsened by the cmbinatin f thse tw.2019 was the perfect strm fr being the warmest year n recrd fr Australia and the driest year n recrd fr Australia，” Hausfather added n Friday.
Kevin Trenberth，a senir scientist at the US Natinal Center fr Atmspheric Research，said warmer cean temperatures als cntributed t mre variable weather arund the wrld.Trenberth believes that glbal warming cntributed t energy imbalances and ht spts in the ceans，which can create a wave in the atmsphere that lcks weather patterns in places，causing lnger rain events in Indnesia，fr example，and at the same time cntributing t drught in Australia.He said that nce an area experiences drught cnditins fr tw mnths r mre，it increases the risk f fires catching and spreading.Thse changing weather patterns due t glbal warming make drught events lnger.
Climate experts stress that climate change is nt the nly factr in the severity f wildfires.Hw land is managed can als impact the amunt f fuel available fr fires.Practices like cntrlled burns and ther factrs can impact the risk t peple and prperty，such as warning systems and the type f develpment in a given area.Changing thse plicies has great ptential t limit future damage frm wildfires alng with changes t hw fire management resurces are dispatched(派遣)．
8．What are the numbers abut in Paragraph 1?
A．The causes f Australian fires.
B．The cnsequences f Australian fires.
C．The damaged areas f Australian fires.
D．The prperty destructin f Australian fires.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由第一段可知，这个季节，澳大利亚的丛林大火已经烧毁了超过1 235万英亩的土地。至少25人死亡，2 000所房屋被毁。由此可知，本段的数字表明森林大火产生的严重后果。故选B项。
9．Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrds “mre susceptible t” in the secnd paragraph?
A．Very quickly t adapt t.
B．Very seriusly t fcus n.
C．Very likely t be influenced by.
D．Very easily t be prtected against.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。由画线词所在句可推测，气温升高和极端天气让澳大利亚更容易发生火灾，mre susceptible t与very likely t be influenced by“很容易受……的影响”意思相近。故选C项。
10．What can we infer frm Trenberth’s research?
A．Glbal warming is the rt cause f the bushfires.
B．Lnger dry weather cntributes t glbal warming.
C．Warmer cean temperatures prmte fires spreading.
D．The imbalanced energy leads t the temperature rising.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由第三段的最后两句可知，他说，一旦一个地区经历了两个月或更长时间的干旱，它就会增加火灾发生和蔓延的风险。那些由于全球变暖而改变的天气使得干旱持续的时间更长。由此可推断，全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因。故选A项。
11．What des the authr intend t d in the last paragraph?
A．T stress the effects f Australia fires.
B．T shw the methds fr cntrlling burns.
C．T predict the seriusness f Australia fires.
D．T prvide sme advice abut reducing damage.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Practices like cntrlled burns and ther factrs can impact the risk t peple and prperty，such as warning systems and the type f develpment in a given area.”可知，作者在最后一段想要介绍控制火灾造成的伤害的方法。故选D项。
D
Let’s face it.Yu’re likely reading this article in an effrt t avid sme ther tasks yu’re prcrastinating(拖延) t learn hw t stp prcrastinatin，but the clck is ticking.S why can’t yu seem t get rid f that?
Thugh the psychlgical causes are still debated，there’s a human tendency t ver- r underestimate the value f a reward based n its tempral prximity(时间接近)．This is ften referred t as tempral discunting.Fr example，if I ffered yu$100 tday r 110 in a mnth，mst wuld take the hundred and run.But what if instead I ffered yu 100 dllars in a year r 110 in a year and ne mnth，yu might say t yurself if I can wait a year I can wait the extra mnth.
But the time and value difference are the exact same in each example.It turns ut that human mtivatin is highly influenced by hw near the reward is，meaning the further away the reward is，the mre yu discunt its value.S being nline is mre appealing than preparing fr yur test.The prblem is that surfing the Internet prvides many small quick and cntinuus rewards unlike yur test scres which are a future ne.
S hw d yu vercme the urge t put ff s many tasks?
Unfrtunately there is n definite answer，but try rewarding yurself with a timely snack r ther enjyable activities.The Pmdr Technique makes use f a timer t wrk fr 25 minutes straight and when yu’ve dne this，give yurself the reward with a 5-minute break.Then start the wrking clck again.Gradually increasing the amunt f wrk time yu put in will imprve yur time management skills.
It’s been shwn that creating a cstly deadline is als an effective way t manage yur wrking habits.And try t enjy the prcess f achieving smething instead f thinking nly ur minutes f suffering.
12．What des the underlined wrd “that” in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A．This article. B．Prcrastinatin.
C．An effrt. D．The clck.
答案 B
解析 代词指代题。根据第一段中的“Yu’re likely reading this article in an effrt t avid sme ther tasks yu’re prcrastinating(拖延) t learn hw t stp prcrastinatin，but the clck is ticking.”可知，代词that指的是“拖延”。故选B项。
13．An example is given in Paragraph 2 t make the thery .
A．interesting B．accurate
C．understandable D．influential
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，虽然心理原因仍有争议，但人类有一种倾向，基于其时间上的接近程度，会高估或低估奖励的价值。这通常被称为时间折现。下文给出了一个例子，以使该理论易于理解。故选C项。
14．Why is surfing nline mre attractive t students than studying?
A．It helps them kill time faster.
B．It ffers them mre infrmatin.
C．It supplies instant rewards t them.
D．It strengthens the bnd between friends.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“S being nline is mre appealing than preparing fr yur test.The prblem is that surfing the Internet prvides many small quick and cntinuus rewards unlike yur test scres which are a future ne.”可知，上网比学习对学生更有吸引力是因为它给他们提供了即时的回报。故选C项。
15．What’s a suggested slutin t prcrastinatin?
A．Rewarding yurself with a future gift.
B．Increasing the amunt f wrk time.
C．Ignring the prcess f ding the task.
D．Paying dearly fr yur prcrastinatin.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“It’s been shwn that creating a cstly deadline is als an effective way t manage yur wrking habits.”可知，为你的拖延付出高昂代价是针对拖延症的一个建议。故选D项。
Ⅱ.七选五
Fr much f my career，I have been a bit f a pineer as a wman wrking in traditinally male peratinal rles. 1 And by 2001 I was wrking at headquarters(总部) as the Directr f Custmer Service Planning.
2 Hwever，that changed halfway n my way t wrk，when I learned an airplane had struck the Wrld Trade Center.As sn as I arrived，I went t ur Emergency Crisis Center，where great effrt was made t get in tuch with and land all f ur flights.
I was nt a big leader in the cmpany，but I felt I had t make gd use f my knwledge and experience. 3 Then I helped t send teams f c-wrkers t help the family members f Flights 93 and 175，the tw American flights invlved in the attacks.Fr mst f the next week I remained at the Crisis Center, taking a nap(打个盹) when I culd.
4 I remained calm and went t wrk with clleagues t slve prblems.With the natin and ur airline under attack，we came tgether as a team.Nthing mattered but ur passengers and their families, ur clleagues cping with their wn grief(悲伤)．I was cmmunicating with airprt leaders，and wrking with gvernment departments.
The United States has gne thrugh a lt f difficulties since then.And when things get tugh，I turn up.When Hurricane Sandy was abut t hit the East Cast，I was head f the Netwrk Operatins Center.My husband，seeing me ff at the dr n yet anther Sunday，just smiled. 5 Befre leaving，I turned t him and said，“I live fr this.”
A．I ffered help and supprt t the plice.
B．Things didn’t g as we had expected all the time.
C．He knws wrking fr my team is imprtant t me.
D．That week I realized I was gd at dealing with crisis.
E．Lts f family members stayed tgether，lking anxius.
F．I was the first female Cuntry Manager fr United Airlines.
G．As I left fr wrk ne Tuesday，I was expecting a usual meeting and wrk.
1．答案 F
解析 本段主要讲述作者具体的职业，故F项“我是联合航空公司的第一位女性区域经理”符合本段主旨。选择项中的“female”与前句中的“a pineer as a wman”相一致。故选F。
2．答案 G
解析 根据该空下一句“Hwever，that changed halfway n my way t wrk，when I learned an airplane had struck the Wrld Trade Center.”可知，作者本来是要正常去上班的，后来意外发生了，故G项符合上下文逻辑。选择项中的“usual”与后句中的“Hwever”和“changed halfway”相对应。故选G。
3．答案 A
解析 根据空后的内容可知，该空应说明作者在恐怖袭击发生后所做的事情，故A项“我向警方提供帮助和支持”符合情境。选择项中的“ffered help”和后句中的“helped”相一致。故选A。
4．答案 D
解析 选项D中的“That week”暗示了作者经历过恐怖袭击之后的感悟，下文具体解释了D项的内容。后文中的“remained calm”，“we came tgether as a team”，“I was cmmunicating with airprt leaders，and wrking with gvernment departments.”都说明了作者很擅长处理危机。故选D。
5．答案 C
解析 根据该空上文“My husband，seeing me ff at the dr n yet anther Sunday，just smiled.”和下文“Befre leaving，I turned t him and said，‘I live fr this.’”可知，该空应表示丈夫对自己工作的支持，故C项符合上下文。选择项中的He指代前句中的“My husband”。故选C。语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦的四个博物馆，包括博物馆的历史和特色等信息。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述Elder一天的工作经历，告诉我们在特殊学校里作为老师的Elder的生活是什么样的。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚森林大火产生的条件和蔓延的原因。
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了一些摆脱拖延症的方法。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名航空公司的工作人员，作者在处理911恐怖袭击的过程中意识到了自己擅长处理紧急事务。因此，此后一旦灾难出现，作者就会出现在现场。