高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration精品ppt课件

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration精品ppt课件，共20页。PPT课件主要包含了不定式的定义，to do，to improve，Practice，Examples，to achieve，using，to get，known，to store等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Lk at the fllwing sentences and fcus n the italicised infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functins and meanings.
Presentatin
I trained fr a lng time t fly airplanes as a fighter pilt.
As we all knw, an astrnaut needs t be healthy and calm in rder t wrk in space.
First f all, yu must be intelligent enugh t get a related cllege degree.
Sme scientists were determined t help humans realise their dream t explre space.
做后置定语，修饰dream
On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space.
做后置定语，修饰the first persn
Infinitives(1)
不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由“t+动词原形”构成，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。
但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。
只能用动词不定式做定语的情况
例：1. Please make an effrt t catch the bus.2. He made a prmise t cme here n time tmrrw.
1.当修饰的名词是ability, ambitin, attempt, chance, curage, desire, decisin, effrt, failure, mment, prmise, right, time, wish … （一些表示企图、努力、愿望、打算、能力 等意义的名词）
例：1. He was the first ne t think f the idea.2. Yu are the nly persn t be late.3. The manager is the last t cme t the meeting.
2.当修饰的名词前有the nly, the next, the best, the first, the last, 以及由序数词或形容词最 高级修饰的名词常常用不定式作定语。
例：1. D yu have anything t say?2. There is nthing t wrry abut.3. I want t get smething t drink.
3.当修饰的词为smething, nthing, anything 等不定代词时。
4.当定语表示未来的还没做的动作时。
例：The letter t be written is t my father.The matter t be discussed is imprtant.
即学即练 单句语法填空1. The airprt __________ (cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area. 2. D yu have smething _______ (d) tnight?3. The best way _______ (imprve) yur English is t jin an English club.
t be cmpleted
（二）不定式作目的状语
1. A grup f yung peple gathered tgether t discuss this questin. 一群年轻人聚集讨论这个问题。 2. In rder t help him, wuld d everything we can. 为了帮助他，我们将尽我们所能。
目的状语：置于句首或句末，为加强语气，常与in rder或s as组成短语。
※ 不定式作目的状语时， 其动作通常迟于谓语动词的动作。
例：I said that t encurage him.
1. I walked quietly s as nt t disturb the baby.我安静地走路，以免打扰婴儿。
2. 目的状语：置于句首时只用t d/in rder t d.如用于表示否定，in rder或s as不能省略，用in rder nt t d或s as nt t d形式。
He wrked very hard t pass the exam.=He wrked hard s that/in rder that he culd pass the exam. 他非常努力以便能通过考试
3. 不定式作目的状语可转换为s that/in rder that引导的目的状语从句
（二）不定式作原因状语和结果状语
3. 结果状语：多见于“（太...以不能）”；“enugh t...”；“nly t d”“ t（如此...以至于）句型中。
1. He rushed back, nly t find the bk missing. 2. He is ld enugh t g t schl.他到上学的年龄了。 3. She is s prud as t lk dwn upn thers. 她太骄傲了，看不起别人。
2.原因状语：多用于“sb.+be+adj.+t d”句型中。
She was disappinted t hear the news.她听到新闻很失望。
现在分词与不定式作结果状语的区别
Anxiusly, she tk the dress ut f the package and tried it n, nly t find it didn’t fit.她急切地从包裹里拿出衣服试穿，结果发现衣服不合身。
动词不定式作结果状语强调的是一种意想不到的结果；而现在分词作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的，必然造成的结果。
His father passed away, leaving him a little mney. 他父亲去世了，留给他一点钱。
Rewrite the sentences using infinitives r “in rder t/s as t+d”. Change the italicised parts accrdingly.
In 2003 Yuri Malenchenk became the first persn wh gt married in space.
2. In space, astrnauts cllect all dirty water s that it can be recycled fr later use.
3. Mankind has always been curius abut the universe and many peple have dreamt that ne day they wuld fly int space.
Mankind has always been curius abut the universe and many peple have the dream t fly int space ne day
4. Astrnauts’ bnes and muscles can get very weak in space due t the lack f gravity, s they need t exercise everyday, which will help them stay healthy.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Astrnauts' bnes and muscles can get very weak in space due t the lack f gravity, s they need t exercise every day t / in rder t / s as t stay healthy
________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________.
______________________________________________________________________________________________.
5. Astrnauts have t use tape t stick everything dwn while wrking in space because everything wuld flat ff therwise.
6. During a spacewalk, astrnauts have t mve slwly s that they can keep their bdies under cntrl.
During a spacewalk, astrnauts have t mve slwly t / in rder t / s as t keep their bdies under cntrl
Astrnants have t use tape t stick everythingdwn while wrking in space t / in rder t / s as t keep everything frm flating ff
Cmplete the passage with the crrect frms f the verbs in brackets.
Sending peple t ther planets r even beynd the slar system is nt an easy gal_________ (achieve). One f the prblems is that the trip wuld take a very lng time. Fr example, _______ (use) current technlgy, it wuld take ver tw years _____ (get) t the clsest planet, Mars, and back. Althugh light is the fastest thing______ (knw)in the universe, it culd take mre than fur years t reach the nearest star system. Will scientists
figure ut a way ________ (stre) sufficient fd and water fr the lng jurney? Is it pssible t travel faster than light? N ne knws the answers yet. Hwever, space scientists never give up. They are experimenting with grwing crps in space s as _______ (help) astrnauts get enugh fd n lnger jurneys thrugh space.