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高中人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Space Exploration说课ppt课件
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这是一份高中人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Space Exploration说课ppt课件，共25页。PPT课件主要包含了不定式作目的状语，不定式作定语，不定式作定语 ，to do，to drink，to worry，to know，to tell，to welcome，to hear等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 4 SPACE EXPLORATION Discvering Useful Structures
不定式作定语和状语诵读下列句子并写出加黑部分的句子成分1．（教材P40）Lking up at the stars, peple have always wanted t learn mre abut space, and scientists wrk hard t find answers.__________________2．（教材P40）They make vehicles t carry brave peple int space t find ut the secrets f the universe.__________________
3．（教材P41）Mre recently, China has sent Chang'e 4 t explre the surface f the far side f the mn t make measurements and bservatins.__________________4．（教材P40）Hwever, sme scientists were determined t help humans realise their dream t explre space.________________5．（教材P40）Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space.________________6．（教材P41）These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted, but the desire t explre the universe never died.________________
以d为例，不定式的各种形式如下表：
1.不定式作定语（1）不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。The questin t be discussed at the meeting is very imprtant.将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。（2）不定式常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。He has n pen t write with.他没有钢笔写字。
（3）不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或n, all, any等限定的中心词，且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。He is always the first t arrive at the schl and the last t leave the schl.他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。（4）被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有ability, chance, idea, hpe, wish, fact, excuse, prmise, attempt, way等。The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
[即学即练]画出下列句子中的不定式并判断它们作谁的定语①I have a lt f things t d tday.答案：I have a lt f things tday.作things的定语②There are tw letters t be typed.答案：There are tw letters .作letters的定语③Let's g and get smething t drink.答案：Let's g and get smething .作smething的定语
④There's n need t wrry at all.答案：There's n need at all.作need的定语⑤We have a right t knw.答案：We have a right .作right的定语⑥She didn't have the curage t tell yu that.答案：She didn't have the curage yu that.作curage的定语⑦That's prbably the nly thing t d nw.答案：That's prbably the nly thing nw.作the nly thing的定语⑧Please give me sme paper t write n.答案：Please give me sme paper .作paper的定语
2．不定式作状语（1）作目的状语不定式作目的状语意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加in rder或s as，但s as t不能用于句首。T pass the cllege entrance exam, we must wrk hard.为了通过大学入学考试，我们必须努力学习。The bus stpped in rder t/s as t pick up passengers.公共汽车停下来以便接载乘客。
（2）作结果状语不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果。Tm tk a taxi t the airprt, nly t find his plane high up in the sky.汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。
（3）作原因状语①常用于“主语（人）＋系动词＋形容词/过去分词＋t d”结构中。形容词或过去分词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因或所表示的情况，常用于这类结构中的形容词和过去分词有srry，surprised，disappinted，excited，glad，happy，anxius，delighted，pleased，flish等。We were astnished t find the temple still in its riginal cnditin.令我们吃惊的是，这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。
②常用于“主语（物）＋系动词＋形容词＋t d”结构中。这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap，expensive, fit, cmfrtable, heavy, gd, imprtant, impssible, dangerus等，表示主语的特征或性质，不定式和句子主语之间存在动宾关系，但常用主动形式表示被动意义。The mrning air is s gd t breathe that he gets up early every day.早上的空气呼吸起来很清新，因此他每天都起得很早。
[即学即练]画出下列句子中的不定式并判断它们作哪种类型的状语①They ran ver t welcme us.答案：They ran ver us.目的状语②I'm srry t hear that.答案：I'm srry that.原因状语③The girls are easy t get alng with.答案：The girls are easy .原因状语
t get alng with
④Yu are right t say s.答案：Yu are right .原因状语⑤She was glad t see us.答案：She was glad us.原因状语⑥Never t ld t learn.答案：Never t ld .结果状语⑦It was t late t d anything nw.答案：It was t late anything nw.结果状语⑧She was unwilling t take the jb.答案：She was unwilling the jb.原因状语
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．With a lt f wrk _________ (d), she wasn't allwed t leave her ffice.2．The airprt __________________ (cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.3．He hurried t the train statin, nly ____________ (find) the train had left.4．____________ (save) energy, we turn ff the lights fr Earth Hur n the last Saturday in March.
t be cmpleted
5．Hwever，ur discussins are mre than just a way ____________(practice) ur debating skills.6．We're never ging t have enugh time ____________ (explre) everything!7．He went t the statin hurriedly nly ____________ (tell) the train had left.8．I bught sme yung trees ____________ (plant) n the hill.9．The building ____________ (build) next year will be a gym.10．There are still lts f prblems ____________ (deal) with.
t practice
t be built
Ⅱ.语法填空 Accrding t a recent survey, vilence did exist in schls. Students shwed their fear and parents and teachers als 1.____________ (express) their great cncern abut it. Experts hpe 2.____________ whle sciety pays mre attentin t the mental health f adlescents.
Nwadays, schl vilence is a ht issue. I think this is a phenmenn, which 3.____________ (call) fr ur great cncern. We shuld make every effrt 4.____________ (prevent) schl vilence frm happening at schl, fr mre and mre students wuld drp ut f schl if their persnal 5.____________ (safe) culd nt be guaranteed. In fact, vilence can be learned. 6.____________ (actual), children learn vilence behavir frm adults r frm 7.____________ they see n televisin r n the Internet.
If I meet with schl vilence, I will nt answer vilence with vilence, fr it will result in 8.____________ (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers r parents abut it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will prtect me frm the bad guys. All in all, we students shuld behave 9.____________ (we) and keep away 10.____________ vilence.
[语篇解读]校园暴力这一现象引起了老师和家长的关注。本文介绍了校园暴力形成的原因以及阻止校园暴力的方法。1．解析：根据该句中的“shwed”可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填expressed。答案：expressed2．解析：the whle sciety意为“全社会”，为固定用法，故填the。答案：the
3．解析：分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，which指代“a phenmenn”，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数；由“I think this is”可知，应用一般现在时，故填calls。答案：calls4．解析：句意：我们应当尽一切努力来阻止校园暴力的发生。make every effrt t d sth.为固定搭配，故此处应用动词不定式。答案：t prevent5．解析：根据空处前的“their persnal”可知，空处应填名词safety。答案：safety
6．解析：分析该句结构可知，空处修饰全句，作状语，故用副词Actually。答案：Actually7．解析：分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作“see”的宾语，故用what。答案：what8．解析：句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我不会以暴制暴，因为这会导致更多的打斗。根据句意可知，空处应使用比较级。答案：mre
9．解析：behave neself为固定搭配，意为“举止规矩有礼，检点”；根据主语“we”可知，空处应用反身代词urselves。答案：urselves10．解析：keep away frm为固定搭配，意为“远离”。答案：frm
Unit 4 SPACE EXPLORATION Discvering Useful Structures
不定式作定语和状语诵读下列句子并写出加黑部分的句子成分1．（教材P40）Lking up at the stars, peple have always wanted t learn mre abut space, and scientists wrk hard t find answers.__________________2．（教材P40）They make vehicles t carry brave peple int space t find ut the secrets f the universe.__________________
3．（教材P41）Mre recently, China has sent Chang'e 4 t explre the surface f the far side f the mn t make measurements and bservatins.__________________4．（教材P40）Hwever, sme scientists were determined t help humans realise their dream t explre space.________________5．（教材P40）Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space.________________6．（教材P41）These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted, but the desire t explre the universe never died.________________
以d为例，不定式的各种形式如下表：
1.不定式作定语（1）不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。The questin t be discussed at the meeting is very imprtant.将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。（2）不定式常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。He has n pen t write with.他没有钢笔写字。
（3）不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或n, all, any等限定的中心词，且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。He is always the first t arrive at the schl and the last t leave the schl.他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。（4）被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有ability, chance, idea, hpe, wish, fact, excuse, prmise, attempt, way等。The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
[即学即练]画出下列句子中的不定式并判断它们作谁的定语①I have a lt f things t d tday.答案：I have a lt f things tday.作things的定语②There are tw letters t be typed.答案：There are tw letters .作letters的定语③Let's g and get smething t drink.答案：Let's g and get smething .作smething的定语
④There's n need t wrry at all.答案：There's n need at all.作need的定语⑤We have a right t knw.答案：We have a right .作right的定语⑥She didn't have the curage t tell yu that.答案：She didn't have the curage yu that.作curage的定语⑦That's prbably the nly thing t d nw.答案：That's prbably the nly thing nw.作the nly thing的定语⑧Please give me sme paper t write n.答案：Please give me sme paper .作paper的定语
2．不定式作状语（1）作目的状语不定式作目的状语意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加in rder或s as，但s as t不能用于句首。T pass the cllege entrance exam, we must wrk hard.为了通过大学入学考试，我们必须努力学习。The bus stpped in rder t/s as t pick up passengers.公共汽车停下来以便接载乘客。
（2）作结果状语不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果。Tm tk a taxi t the airprt, nly t find his plane high up in the sky.汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。
（3）作原因状语①常用于“主语（人）＋系动词＋形容词/过去分词＋t d”结构中。形容词或过去分词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因或所表示的情况，常用于这类结构中的形容词和过去分词有srry，surprised，disappinted，excited，glad，happy，anxius，delighted，pleased，flish等。We were astnished t find the temple still in its riginal cnditin.令我们吃惊的是，这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。
②常用于“主语（物）＋系动词＋形容词＋t d”结构中。这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap，expensive, fit, cmfrtable, heavy, gd, imprtant, impssible, dangerus等，表示主语的特征或性质，不定式和句子主语之间存在动宾关系，但常用主动形式表示被动意义。The mrning air is s gd t breathe that he gets up early every day.早上的空气呼吸起来很清新，因此他每天都起得很早。
[即学即练]画出下列句子中的不定式并判断它们作哪种类型的状语①They ran ver t welcme us.答案：They ran ver us.目的状语②I'm srry t hear that.答案：I'm srry that.原因状语③The girls are easy t get alng with.答案：The girls are easy .原因状语
t get alng with
④Yu are right t say s.答案：Yu are right .原因状语⑤She was glad t see us.答案：She was glad us.原因状语⑥Never t ld t learn.答案：Never t ld .结果状语⑦It was t late t d anything nw.答案：It was t late anything nw.结果状语⑧She was unwilling t take the jb.答案：She was unwilling the jb.原因状语
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．With a lt f wrk _________ (d), she wasn't allwed t leave her ffice.2．The airprt __________________ (cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.3．He hurried t the train statin, nly ____________ (find) the train had left.4．____________ (save) energy, we turn ff the lights fr Earth Hur n the last Saturday in March.
t be cmpleted
5．Hwever，ur discussins are mre than just a way ____________(practice) ur debating skills.6．We're never ging t have enugh time ____________ (explre) everything!7．He went t the statin hurriedly nly ____________ (tell) the train had left.8．I bught sme yung trees ____________ (plant) n the hill.9．The building ____________ (build) next year will be a gym.10．There are still lts f prblems ____________ (deal) with.
t practice
t be built
Ⅱ.语法填空 Accrding t a recent survey, vilence did exist in schls. Students shwed their fear and parents and teachers als 1.____________ (express) their great cncern abut it. Experts hpe 2.____________ whle sciety pays mre attentin t the mental health f adlescents.
Nwadays, schl vilence is a ht issue. I think this is a phenmenn, which 3.____________ (call) fr ur great cncern. We shuld make every effrt 4.____________ (prevent) schl vilence frm happening at schl, fr mre and mre students wuld drp ut f schl if their persnal 5.____________ (safe) culd nt be guaranteed. In fact, vilence can be learned. 6.____________ (actual), children learn vilence behavir frm adults r frm 7.____________ they see n televisin r n the Internet.
If I meet with schl vilence, I will nt answer vilence with vilence, fr it will result in 8.____________ (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers r parents abut it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will prtect me frm the bad guys. All in all, we students shuld behave 9.____________ (we) and keep away 10.____________ vilence.
[语篇解读]校园暴力这一现象引起了老师和家长的关注。本文介绍了校园暴力形成的原因以及阻止校园暴力的方法。1．解析：根据该句中的“shwed”可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填expressed。答案：expressed2．解析：the whle sciety意为“全社会”，为固定用法，故填the。答案：the
3．解析：分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，which指代“a phenmenn”，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数；由“I think this is”可知，应用一般现在时，故填calls。答案：calls4．解析：句意：我们应当尽一切努力来阻止校园暴力的发生。make every effrt t d sth.为固定搭配，故此处应用动词不定式。答案：t prevent5．解析：根据空处前的“their persnal”可知，空处应填名词safety。答案：safety
6．解析：分析该句结构可知，空处修饰全句，作状语，故用副词Actually。答案：Actually7．解析：分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作“see”的宾语，故用what。答案：what8．解析：句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我不会以暴制暴，因为这会导致更多的打斗。根据句意可知，空处应使用比较级。答案：mre
9．解析：behave neself为固定搭配，意为“举止规矩有礼，检点”；根据主语“we”可知，空处应用反身代词urselves。答案：urselves10．解析：keep away frm为固定搭配，意为“远离”。答案：frm
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