中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习语篇理解之推理判断题精读精练 (含详解)

这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习语篇理解之推理判断题精读精练 (含详解)，共20页。
推理判断题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。
提问整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思时，问句中都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest (推断，暗指)等词。对付这类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论。关键是：意思要靠推断得出，而不是原文照搬。这就要把握住文章的主题思想和每段的内容；明确作者的观点及其写作该文的目的；分析文章里所给的有关信息；注意词汇在词典的定义和词典以外的含义；最后运用自己的知识进行由表及里的逻辑推理，挖出文章的伏笔，得出正确的推论。
这种问题的提问方式通常有：
1. Frm paragraph 4 we can infer that. / What can be inferred frm the passage? / Frm the last paragraph we can infer that.
2. We can infer frm the text that…/ What can we learn frm…? / We can cnclude frm the passage that…
3. The last sentence f the first paragraph mst prbably implies that.
4. The authr implies that by the year 2080, .
5. T slve the present scial prblems the authr suggests that we shuld.
6. The authr mentins the fact that…t shw.
7. This passage wuld mst likely be fund in _________?
8. The authr’s attitude tward …is _________?
9. The tne f the passage can best be described as _________?
这些提问方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必须根据提问中的某些关键字眼与短文中相应的有关内容加以逻辑推理或演算，从而得出某些作者并未说明却已在字里行间所暗含的意思及观点。具体的说，考生应当注意以下几点：
1. 首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。千万不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
2. 要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。有的推断，考生完全可以根据文章中所阐述的细节，再结合自己所掌握的基础知识、有关背景知识或常识来帮助进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论。
3. 要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表及里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，合乎逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。
4. 要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构，同时还要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意。
5. 在解答推理性问题时，一定要注意确定推理依据的位置或范围。应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用scanning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，则常常要纵览全篇文章。
推理判断题常见有以下形式：
1．细节推断题
要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等。考生要从文章本身所提供的信息出发，抓住关键的信息词，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。
2．因果推断题
要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因或根据已有的原因推断可能的结果。考生要准确掌握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。最关键的是要找准事物间存在的因果关系信息，根据已有信息，进行分析判断推理，从而推出最符合逻辑的原因或判断出最可能导致的结果。
3．人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题
中考阅读测试中有些题目考查学生对文章作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作用或文中人物的态度、观点等方面的理解。做这一类题时一定注意：
（1）由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点。
（2）特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情，态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的措辞，尤其是感情色彩的形容词。
（3）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
表示态度的形容词：(1)psitive 积极的 (9) reserved
(2)negative 消极的 (10) indifferent 漠不关心的
(3) ptimistic 乐观的 (11)cautius 谨慎的
(4) pessimistic 悲观的 (12) surprised 惊讶的
(5) bjective 客观的 (13)sympathize 同情的
(6) subjective 主观的 (14)supprt 支持的
(7) admiring 羡慕的 (15)dubt 怀疑的
(8)critical 批评的 (16) apprve 赞成的
（17）irnic 讽刺的 （18）neutral 中立的
4．篇章结构推断题
根据不同文章的内容和写作目的，作者会采取记叙、描写、议论、说明或应用文体。作者也会采用叙述、例证、比较对照等不同的组织结构。不同文体的阅读难度、要求和任务不同，阅读方法也应不同。增强对篇章结构的理解能力有助于提高阅读质量。
【典例示例】
Have yu ever wndered why birds sing? Maybe yu thught that they were just happy. After all, yu prbably sing r whistle when yu are happy.
Sme scientists believe that birds d sing sme f the time just because they are happy. Hwever, they sing mst f the time fr a very different reasn. Their singing is actually a warning t ther birds t stay ut f their territry.
…
1. Hw des the writer explain birds’ singing?
A. By cmparing birds with human beings.
B. By reprting experiment results.
C. By describing birds’ daily life.
D. By telling a bird’s stry.
【答案】A
【详解】由文章第一、二两段可知作者是把鸟儿和人类进行对比。
5．文章结论推断题
由具体到一般，对已知的事实进行归纳总结性推断称为结论。
【典例示例】
By the end f the century，if nt sner，the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate，accrding t a new study.
At the heart f the phenmenn lie tiny marine micrrganisms(海洋微生物)called phytplanktn. Because f the way light reflects ff the rganisms，these phytplanktn create clurful patterns at the cean surface. Ocean clur varies frm green t blue，depending n the type and cncentratin f phytplanktn. Climate change will fuel the grwth f phytplanktn in sme areas, while reducing it in ther spts，leading t changes in the cean’s appearance.
Phytplanktn live at the cean surface, where they pull carbn dixide(二氧化碳)int the cean while giving ff xygen. When these rganisms die，they bury carbn in the deep cean，an imprtant prcess that helps t regulate the glbal climate. But phytplanktn are vulnerable t the cean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics f the cean and can affect phytplanktn grwth，since they need nt nly sunlight and carbn dixide t grw，but als nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MIT’s Center fr Glbal Change Science，built a climate mdel that prjects changes t the ceans thrughut the century. In a wrld that warms up by 3℃，it fund that multiple changes t the clur f the ceans wuld ccur. The mdel prjects that currently blue areas with little phytplanktn culd becme even bluer. But in sme waters，such as thse f the Arctic，a warming will make cnditins riper fr phytplanktn，and these areas will turn greener. “Nt nly are the quantities f phytplanktn in the cean changing. ”she said，“but the type f phytplanktn is changing. ”
45. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T assess the cnsequences f cean clur changes
B. T analyse the cmpsitin f the cean fd chain
C. T explain the effects f climate change n ceans
D. T intrduce a new methd t study phytplanktn
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象是因为一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。但是浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响。气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并影响浮游植物的生长。
45. C
【详解】目的意图题。第一段提出文章的主旨“By the end f the century. If nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.”可知到本世纪末。一项新的研究表明，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。再结合第三段“But phytplanktn are vulnerable t the cean’s warning trend Warming changes key characteristics f the cean and can affect phytplanktn grwth, …”可知，“浮游植物很容易受到海洋警告趋势的影响，变暖改变了海洋的关键特征，并能影响浮游植物的生长”。可知本文主要解释气候变化对海洋的影响。故选C。
6.写作目的推断题
这类题的题干中常有purpse，或者后面接有目的的动词不定式，如：intend t, meant t, in rder t等。我们可以根据文章的主旨和体裁来判断作者的目的和态度。
与写作目的对应的文章如下：
（1）t entertain readers(使读者愉悦、发笑)：常见于个人经历或故事类的文章。
（2）t persuade readers(说服读者接受某种观点)：常见于广告或议论文。
t infrm readers(告知读者某些信息)：多见于新闻报道类、科普类、文化类或社会类的文章，以及劝告性或建议性文章。
（3）开头提出问题——让读者关注主题。
简介相关事物——为了引出主题。
列举具体事例——说明文段的主题
【典例示例】
“Have yu ever been ut n a bat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have yu jumped in the water and felt the rush f energy as waves came ver yu?” asked Jamie Taylr f the Wave Energy Grup at the University f Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lt f energy in waves,” he said.
Q：The writer uses the tw questins at the beginning f the passage t___________.
A. test the readers’ knwledge abut waves
B. draw the readers’ attentin t the tpic
C. shw Jamie Taylr’s imprtance
D. invite the readers t answer them
知识强化
2
一、阅读单选
1
It’s 2010, utside f a schl smewhere in the U.S. Sme teenagers are talking. One says t anther. “I’m tired f chillaxin after schl. We d this 24/7. Let’s g get sme eats.”
Tw adults are walking by. They hear what the teenagers are saying, but they dn’t understand a wrd. What the teenager said was, “I’m tired f hanging arund after schl. We d this all the time. Let’s g and get sme fd.”
This is nthing new. Teenagers always invent new wrds and phrases. They create wrds fr everyday things, such as wrds that mean gd r parents r bad r gd-lking, and s n. Lk at these different ways f saying gd in recent decades (十年):
But, f curse, the wrds yu use depend n yur interests, yur friends, the music yu listen t and the part f the cuntry yu live in. Different grups f teenagers have different likes and dislikes, and s they als have different expressins.________ Many peple think it’s because they dn’t want adults t understand, but that prbably isn’t true. The real reasn is that teenagers want t feel that they’re part f a grup that speaks the same language, a language that is different frm the ne their parents and ther adults speak. And als teenagers like t be creative and play with language, s they have fun creating new wrds.
And what d the parents think abut it all? Mst f them dn’t wrry abut it. After all, they had their wn special wrds when they were teenagers, t. But sme adults cmplain abut “teen talk” and get very annyed by it. But that’s all part f the fun fr the teenagers!
1. The tw adults can’t understand teenagers because ________.
A. they are frm different cuntriesB. teenagers speak in their wn ways
C. they can’t hear the wrds clearlyD. teenagers make mistakes while talking
2. In 1980s, teenagers said ________ instead f “gd”.
A. wickedB. fabC. sweetD. grvy
3. Which f the fllwing can be put in the ________ in paragraph 5?
A. D peple like speaking new wrds and phrases?
B. Hw d teenagers create new wrds and phrases?
C. S why d teenagers create new wrds r phrases?
D. D teenagers create new wrds and phrases fr fun?
4. The passage mainly tells us ________.
A. teenagers always have different likes and dislikes
B. parents dislike “teen talk” and gt very annyed by it
C. parents think it’s nrmal fr teenagers t create special wrds
D. teenagers have fun creating new wrds t shw their differences
2
One day a man went t the market and brught hme sme peaches. He said t his fur sns, “I have bught a peach fr each f yu, and ne fr yur mther.” They tk the fruit and thanked their father. It was nt ften that they culd have such fine peaches.
In the evening the father said, “Well, bys, what did yu d with thse peaches?”
The eldest sn said, “I ate mine, and fund it very sweet and juicy. I have put the stne (果核) away, and in the spring I will plant it. If it grws, I will have a peach tree f my wn.”
“Yu have dne right,” said his father. “It is a gd thing t think f having smething fr yurself tmrrw.”
The yungest sn then said, I ate my peach and threw away the stne, and mther gave me half f hers. It tasted s gd.”
“Well,” said his father, yu are a little by. But yu shuld nt have been s quick t eat the peach and thrw away the stne.”
The secnd sn said, I picked up the stne which he threw away. I brke it pen and ate the kernel (仁). Then I sld my peach fr enugh t buy three peaches the next time I g dwn the street.”
The father wasn’t very happy with this answer. He said, “It is right t think f having smething fr yurself, but yu have acted in a way that I am afraid will make yu selfish and greedy (自私和贪婪).
The third sn said, “I did nt eat my peach. I gave it t the little sick by wh lives next dr. The dctr said peaches wuld d him gd, but his mther is t pr t buy any fr him.” His father thught that was the best use f his peach.
5. What did the eldest sn think f his peach?
A. It was big.B. It tasted gd.C. It was fresh.D. It lked beautiful.
6. What did the secnd sn d with his peach?
A. He ate it.B. He sld it.
C. He gave it t his mther.D. He traded it fr smething else.
7. Wh was thught t make the best use f his peach?
A. The eldest sn.B. The secnd sn.C. The third sn.D. The yungest sn.
3
Skatebarding makes me feel free, like I’m flying. When I’m in the air, it feels like I can d anything. I started skating when I was tw r three, same with surfing. My dad built a mini-ramp in ur backyard. He wuld skate every day after surfing. I wuld steal his bard and play with it.
If I saw my dad ding a cl trick, I’d think “I want t try that.” I’d lk it upn Yuku and try t learn it. Nw I just learn frm my friends. It’s nice t skate with yur friends because yu can teach each ther things. I never really thught, “I’m ging t get s gd at this.” I just gt better and better and it happened naturally when I was seven. I’m 12 nw.
It’s a great feeling, getting a new trick especially if it’s taken a lng time t learn. Yu try it a thusand times and then ne day, yu finally land it. That’s the feeling I want. It’s what makes me keep trying new things. When I was eight, I became the first female skater t land a frntside 540.
Smetimes ding a trick can be scary. But I feel like that falling is just part f skatebarding. I like inspiring ther girls t d what they want t d. I dn’t want girls t think that bys can d things that they can’t. I want girls t think, “I can d it, because I’m a girl. If I can d it, s can they.”
Hw des skatebarding make the authr feel?
A. She is frightened.B. She has the feeling f freedm.
C. She feels nervus.D. Her mind is fcused.
9. Hw did the authr learn tricks at first?
A. She asked her father fr help.
B. She learned the tricks frm her friends.
C. She watched vides n the Internet.
D. She practiced her tricks while surfing.
10. What makes the authr keep trying new things?
A. Help frm friends.B. Father’s supprt.
C. Skills frm a training curse.D. The feeling f success.
11. Which f the fllwing wrds best describe the writer?
A. Talented and quiet.B. Outging and talkative.
C. Brave and strng-minded.D. Caring and warm -hearted.
12. What’s the best title f the passage?
A. Sky high.B. Ding a trick is scary.
C. A prfessinal skater.D. Hw t be brave.
4
OPENING HOURS
◆ High Seasn（April t September）: 9:00—18:00 every day
◆Lw Seasn（Octber t March）: 9:00—17:00 every day
TICKET PRICES
◆ Line A（…………→）: $ 20 each persn
◆Line B（-------→）: $ 18 each persn
THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW
◆ Buses fr bth lines leave every hur frm Central Statin.
◆ Line A takes ne hur. Line B takes 50 minutes.
◆ If yu are taking yur pet with yu, please buy a seat fr it at half price.
◆ Save 10% if yu buy tickets fr bth lines.
◆G t www. citysightbus. rg fr mre infrmatin.
13. Mr. and Mrs. Brwn want t take Line A with their pet dg, hw much d they pay?
A. $ 50.B. $ 45.C. $ 40.D. $ 36.
14. Hw many places can peple visit if they take Line B?
A. 7B. 6C. 8D. 10
15. Which f the fllwing is true?
A. Tickets are mre expensive in the high seasn.
B. Line A requires ten mre minutes than Line B.
C. There are 9 pening hurs every day in December.
D. Peple can save 10% if they buy tw tickets fr the same line.
5
I always think my daughter Kendall is the best—that’s just what parents d. When she was nly three, she sang fr the peple, like a little angel.
When Kendall was five, we nticed that she smetimes had a tic. When the prblem gt wrse, we tk her frm dctr t dctr. During the treatment, Kendall cntinued t sing. Surprisingly, her tics disappeared when she sang.
When Kendall was sixteen, we thught she wuld be cured sn. Hwever, a terrible thing happened.
“At a party, Kendall jumped n a friend fr a piggyback ride. He bent lwer than she expected, and she jumped higher than he expected. Kendall flew ver his back and landed n the flr—n her neck. She was rushed t hspital, paralyzed frm the neck dwn. She culdn’t mve. But her biggest wrry wasn’t whether she wuld walk again, but was whether she culd try ut fr a shw called American Idl.
As the days went n, feeling n her left side returned, but she was still paralyzed n the right. We weren’t sure hw much f her mvement wuld cme back. A friend brught a micrphne and put it n her bed. Every day, Kendall tried hard t pick it up. It was mre imprtant fr her t pick up that micrphne than a spn r frk.
Smetimes she had t bite a tthbrush t take her mind ff the pain. We all cried because f the pain we witnessed. But n the day, nly three mnths after her accident, we cried full f jy when she sang, thugh she didn’t enter the Tp 24 f American Idl.
When she was a little girl, she asked me why it was she that had tics. My heart hurt, but I tld her, “Kendall, yu have a pure heart, a fantastic vice, a strng mind. And yu are a beautiful presence”.
When did they ntice that Kendall smetimes had a tic?
A. When she was three years ld.B. When she was five years ld.
C. When Kendall was sixteen.D. I dn’t knw.
17. What was a surprise during the treatment in Paragraph 2?
A. She had a tic when she sang.B. She sang fr the peple.
C. She was cured sn.D. Her tics disappeared when she sang.
18. Put the fllwing sentences in a right rder.
a. She culdn’t mve.
b. She was rushed t hspital.
c. Kendall jumped n a friend fr a piggyback ride.
d. Kendall flew ver his back and landed n the flr—n her neck.
e. She jumped higher than her friend expected and he bent lwer than she expected.
A. abcdeB. decbaC. cedbaD. edbca
19. Why was it mre imprtant fr Kendall t pick up that micrphne than a spn r frk?
A. Because Kendall lved singing.
B. Because Kendall didn’t like a spn r frk.
C. Because Kendal’s friend brught the micrphne fr her.
D. Because that micrphne was mre beautiful fr her than a spn r frk.
20. What is the best title f the passage?
A. An American IdlB. A paralyzed girlC. The girl wh had a ticD. A beautiful girl
6
Her mther died when Sarah was ne year ld. Frtunately, she had a gd father. Her father was a rich man. He wned a cal mine and the nly relative dted n her s much. He regarded her as everything t him. Nrmally, it was hard fr rich girls t have gd behavirs. But it was nt difficult fr Sarah.
At the age f seven, her father sent her t a schl in Lndn. There, she wre beautiful clthes. She was nice, beautiful, helpful and gentle just like a real princess. Sn, everyne in the schl lves her.
But then came bad things. Her father died f a serius disease suddenly. Withut her nly relative, little Sarah felt very sad. She had t mve int a cld, dark and wet huse. Her fd was cld and bad. What was wrse, she was ften insulted by thers, including the headmaster. In spite f these, she still smiled t everyne and never gave up her hpe fr life. Sarah was cnfident, brave, helpful and kind-hearted just like befre. Later, with the help f her father’s friends, she finally became successful and gt happiness again.
I was shcked after I read the bk A Little Princess, which was written by an American wman writer named Frances Burnett. Since it came ut, the bk has mved millins f peple. I hpe mre peple will read this bk.
What can we knw frm paragraph 1?
A. Sarah’s father died after she was brn.B. Sarah was brn in a wealthy family.
C. Sarah’s father was a headmaster.D. Peple said Sarah was nt like a princess.
22. What des the underlined phrase “dted n” mean in Chinese?
A. 留恋B. 珍藏C. 赡养D. 宠爱
23. Which is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The headmaster treated Sarah well all the time.B. Sarah’s father died frm an accident.
C. Sarah nce lst her hpe fr life.D. Sarah was always brave, helpful and cnfident.
24. Which is NOT mentined accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Frances Burnett was a wman writer.B. A Little Princess came ut.
C. A Little Princess was translated int ten languages.D. A Little Princess was lved by millins f peple.
25. Why did the writer intrduce the bk A Little Princess t us?
A. Because he wanted us t read it.B. Because he wanted t sell the bk.
C. Because Burnett asked him t d s.D. Because he was Sarah’s friend.
7
Why We Need Each Other
Jhn lives alne but is very scial. He has many friends with whm he spends a lt f time and sees frequently. Hwever, he feels sad and disappinted because his friendships dn’t seem t meet his needs.
Albert lives alne and has tw clse friends whm he sees ccasinally. When he meets with them, he has a gd time talking abut current events and sprts as well as each ther’s thughts and feelings. When he is nt at wrk r in the cmpany f thers, Albert des nt feel lnely because he spends time engaging in activities that interest and energize him.
Generally, lneliness is a negative cnditin resulting frm a state f alneness. Peple wh desire mre interpersnal relatinships than they actually have can develp feelings f lneliness. Hw much scial cnnectedness a persn needs influences hw much alneness they can accept.
Hwever, it is nt the number f scial relatinships that determines whether peple feel lnely. Rather, it is the emtinal and cgnitive reactins (认知反映) the individual experiences in relatin t these cnnectins that play a rle in experiencing lneliness. Fr example, scial interactins where an individual feels the fllwing are linked with lneliness: distrust, emtinal cnflict, lack f scial supprt.
Jhn and Albert bth live alne and have friends; yet, the ne with the mre active scial life feels lnely. Why? Being alne can result in negative reactins related t lneliness (e.g., sadness, hpelessness) r it can have psitive reactins related t lneliness (e.g., spiritual and creative grwth, restring ne’s health and energy). Jhn’s relatinships dn’t seem t prvide him with what he needs r wants—enjyment r meaning—and s he feels very lnely. On the ther hand, Albert seems t benefit frm the interactins he has with his friends, and als happens t enjy his time alne. In additin, Albert desn’t seem t want mre interpersnal cnnectins.
Humans, because f necessity, evlved int scial beings. Dependence n and cperatin with each ther enhanced ur ability t survive under such difficult envirnmental circumstances. Althugh the survival threats f these circumstances have lessened in tday’s wrld, peple cntinue t have a need t cnnect with thers. Indeed, the lack f such cnnectins can lead t many prblems, including lneliness.
In ur advanced digital age, ne f the cmmn cncerns regarding the increasing emergence f lneliness is hw we have becme less caring f thers. At ne time, ur very survival depended n trusting and supprtive relatinships. Basically, it desn’t matter hw technlgically experienced we becme; emtinal cnnectivity remains a central part f being human. We need each ther.
26. Frm the passage, we can knw that ________.
A. when being alne, ne must have negative reactin
B. much scial cnnectedness leads t ne’s lneliness
C. cntinuus emtinal cnnectins with thers are still needed
D. technlgical experiencing has replaced emtinal cnnectivity
27. The writer wants t tell us ________ in writing the furth paragraph.
A. what determines whether peple feel lnelyB. what emtinal and cgnitive reactin are
C. what are linked with lnelinessD. what we experience in scial interactins
28. What des the underlined wrd “enhanced” in Paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A. Imprved.B. Shwed.C. Kept.D. Questined.
29. Why desn’t Albert feel lnely when he’s alne?
A. Because he talks abut sme ppular tpics with his friends.
B. Because he has the same thughts with his friends.
C. Because he spends enugh time with his friends.
D. Because he benefits frm relatinships and enjys his time alne.
8
A rad is a path that links(连接) tw places. The Silk Rad is a path that has linked the Eastern and Western wrlds fr mre than 2,000 years.
But did yu knw: the Silk Rad is nt a single rute(路线)! It is actually a series f trade and cultural transmissin(传送) rutes that started in ancient times. It began during the Western Han Dynasty. The trade rute started frm the city f Xi’an in Shanxi prvince and ended in Eastern Eurpe, near tday’s Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea(地中海). The Silk Rad was abut 6,500 kilmeters lng. It went acrss ne-furth f the planet.
The Silk Rad gt its name because Chinese silk used t be carried alng this rad. Apart frm(除了) silk, jade (玉器), ceramics(陶器) and irn went west t Rme. Frm the west came glass, gems, and fd like carrts and sesame(芝麻).The Silk Rad was very imprtant t bth China and the rest f the wrld. In additin t gds, knwledge f science, arts and literature as well as crafts and technlgy, was shared acrss the Silk Rads. In this way, languages and cultures develped and influenced each ther.
Tday, places alng the Silk Rad are knwn as tp travel destinatins, such as the Terractta Warrirs in Xi’an and Mga Grttes in Dunhuang, Gansu. Beginning in August, 2014, a train line, the New Orient Express, started t run frm Beijing acrss the Silk Rad. Peple are able t take the train and see the sights alng the ancient rute.
30. What d we knw abut the Silk Rad?
A. There is nly ne rute alng the Silk Rad.
B. It started frm Xi’an during the Eastern Han Dynasty.
C. Silk was nce carried alng the rad.
31. Which f the fllwing things was taken frm China t the West?
A. Glass.B. Jade.C. Gems.
32. The Silk Rad was f great imprtance mainly because ________.
A. it encuraged many peple t becme traders
B. it was the ldest and lngest rad in the wrld
C. it imprved exchanges between China and the West
33. We can infer frm the passage that ________.
A. places alng the rute are ppular amng turists
B. the Silk Rad is n lnger imprtant t China
C. turists can’t travel alng the Silk Rad by train
参考答案
1
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D
【详解】本文介绍了青少年发明新词和新的短语已经不是什么新鲜事了，他们发明新词新短语是为了通过说一种和父母以及其他成人不一样的语言来显示他们的不同，并获得乐趣。
1. 推理判断题。通过““I’m tired f chillaxin after schl. We d this 24/7. Let’s g get sme eats.””可知，讲话的青少年在以他们自己的方式讲话，所以这两个成人听不懂。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。通过表格中的“1980s-wicked”可知，1980年代的青少年说wicked代替gd。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。通过“Many peple think it’s because they dn’t…”和“The real reasn is that…”可知，这段在描述为什么青少年要发明新的词和短语。故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。通过浏览全文可知，这篇文章主要是告诉我们青少年发明新词新短语是为了通过说一种和父母以及其他成人不一样的语言来显示他们的不同，并获得乐趣。故选D。
2
【答案】5. B 6. B 7. C
【详解】本文是寓言故事，讲述了四个孩子吃桃子的故事，告诫人们不要自私贪婪，说明了要物尽其用的道理。
5. 推理判断题。根据第三段“I ate mine, and fund it very sweet and juicy”，可知很好吃，故选B。
6. 细节理解题。根据第七段“Then I sld my peach fr enugh t buy three peaches the next time I g dwn the street”，可知他把自己的桃子卖了以便下次上街可以换东西，故选B。
7. 细节理解题。根据最后“His father thught that was the best use f his peach”，可知三儿子最能利用他的桃子，故选C。
3
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C 12. A
【详解】本文介绍了作者喜欢的一项滑板运动，以及作者不断挑战自我，突破自我的过程。
8. 细节理解题。根据“Skatebarding makes me feel free, like I’m flying.”可知，她有自由的感觉。故选B。
9. 细节理解题。根据“I’d lk it upn Yuku and try t learn it.”可知，刚开始作者是通过看视频学习技巧的。故选C。
10. 推理判断题。根据“Yu try it a thusand times and then ne day, yu finally land it. That’s the feeling I want. It’s what makes me keep trying new things.”可以推出，成功的感觉会使作者不断尝试新的东西。故选D。
11. 推理判断题。根据“Smetimes ding a trick can be scary. But I feel like that falling is just part f skatebarding.”及短文内容可推知，作者是一个勇敢且意志力坚强的人。故选C。
12. 最佳标题。本文主要介绍了作者喜欢的一项滑板运动，以及作者不断挑战自我，突破自我的过程，故A选项符合题意。
4
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. B
【详解】这是一篇应用文，这篇短文为我们介绍了城市观光车开放时间，两条线的价格，需要的时间等信息。
13. 推理判断题。根据文中票价“Line A: $20 each persn”和句子“If yu are taking yur pet with yu, please buy a seat fr it at half price”可知布朗夫妇带着宠物狗购票需要20+20+10美元，故选A。
14. 推理判断题。根据图片内容可知，两条线上分别有六个和七个可以参观的地方，结合图示“ Line A（…………→）: $ 20 each persn◆Line B（-------→）: $ 18 each persn”可知，右侧线路是line B，可推测B线路有六个可以参观的地方，故选B。
15. 推理判断题。根据“Line A takes ne hur. Line B takes 50 minutes”可知，A线路比B线路需要多10分钟，B表述正确，故选B。
5
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. D
【详解】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了从小就喜欢唱歌的Kendall以顽强的毅力战胜疾病，能够重新唱歌的故事。
16. 细节理解题。根据第二段“When Kendall was five, we nticed that she smetimes had a tic”可知，当Kendall五岁时，父母注意到她有时会面部抽搐。故选B。
17. 细节理解题。根据第二段“During the treatment, Kendall cntinued t sing. Surprisingly, her tics disappeared when she sang.”可知，惊讶的是，在治疗期间，Kendall一唱歌，她的面部抽搐就会消失。故选D。
18. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Kendall jumped n a friend fr a piggyback ride…She was rushed t hspital, paralyzed frm the neck dwn. She culdn’t mve.”可知，刚开始是Kendall想跳到这个朋友的背上，但是他弯的比Kendall想象的低，Kendall跳的比他想象的高，所以Kendall越过他的后背，直接脖子着地。Kendall被送去医院，从脖子以下瘫痪了，所以正确的排序是cedba。故选C。
19. 推理判断题。根据第一段“When she was nly three, she sang fr the peple, like a little angel”及第二段“Surprisingly, her tics disappeared when she sang”可知，当她三岁时，她就像一个小天使一样给人们表演唱歌。在她五岁面部抽搐时，她一唱歌面部抽搐就消失了。由此可知，她喜欢唱歌，所以对她来说，拿起话筒比拿起汤勺或叉子更重要。故选A。
20. 最佳标题。根据最后一段“Kendall, yu have a pure heart, a fantastic vice, a strng mind. And yu are a beautiful presence”及全文内容可知，本文讲述了Kendall小的时候面部抽搐，长大后又突遭瘫痪，但是她以顽强的毅力战胜疾病，她就是一个美丽的存在。结合所给选项，最适合本文标题的是“一个美丽的女孩”。故选D。
6
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. A
【详解】短文主要讲述了Sarah出生在一个富裕的家庭，后来爸爸因病去世，Sarah就遭受他人欺负。但是她一直保持乐观积极，最后取得了成功。
21. 细节理解题，根据“Her father was a rich man. He wned a cal mine and the nly relative dted n her s much.”，可知Sarah出生在一个富裕的家庭，故选B。
22. 词句猜测题，根据“He wned a cal mine and the nly relative dted n her s much. He regarded her as everything t him.”，可知他爸爸把她视为他的一切。说明非常宠爱她，故选D。
23. 推理判断题，根据“She was nice, beautiful, helpful and gentle just like a real princess.”和“ Sarah was cnfident, brave, helpful and kind-hearted just like befre.”，可知Sarah一直都勇敢自信以及乐于助人，故选D。
24. 推理判断题，根据“I was shcked after I read the bk A Little Princess, which was written by an American wman writer named Frances Burnett. Since it came ut, the bk has mved millins f peple. I hpe mre peple will read this bk.”，可知作者在最后一段并没有提到《小公主》这部书被翻译成了10种语言，故选C。
25. 主旨大意题，根据“I hpe mre peple will read this bk.”可知作者是希望更多的人读这本书，故选A。
7
【答案】26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D
【详解】这篇短文主要讲述了孤独是一种不愉快的感觉，文中介绍了两种类型的孤独，并且对alne和lnely进行了区分。
26. 推理判断题。根据文中“Humans, because f necessity, evlved int scial beings. …peple cntinue t have a need t cnnect with thers. Indeed, the lack f such cnnectins can lead t many prblems, including lneliness.”可知，从这篇文章中，我们可以知道仍然需要与他人保持持续的情感联系。故选C。
27. 段落大意题。根据文中“Hwever, it is nt the number f scial relatinships that determines whether peple feel lnely. Rather, it is the emtinal and cgnitive reactins (认知反映) the individual experiences in relatin t these cnnectins that play a rle in experiencing lneliness.”可知，第四段主要是告诉我们是什么决定了人们是否感到孤独。故选A。
28. 词句猜测题。根据“Dependence n and cperatin with each ther”可知，此处是相互依赖和合作增强了我们在这种艰难环境下的生存能力。单词enhanced的意思是“提高，增加”。故选A。
29. 细节理解题。根据文中“On the ther hand, Albert seems t benefit frm the interactins he has with his friends, and als happens t enjy his time alne. In additin, Albert desn’t seem t want mre interpersnal cnnectins.”可知，因为他从人际关系中获益，享受独处的时光。故选D。
8
【答案】30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A
【详解】本文主要讲述了丝绸之路的历史发展，名字的由来以及如今的情况。
30. 细节理解题。根据“The Silk Rad gt its name because Chinese silk used t be carried alng this rad”可知，丝绸曾经沿着这条路运输，故选C。
31. 细节理解题。根据“Apart frm(除了) silk, jade (玉器), ceramics(陶器) and irn went west t Rme”可知，玉器，陶瓷和铁器向西进入了罗马，故选B。
32. 细节理解题。根据“The Silk Rad was very imprtant t bth China and the rest f the wrld.. In additin t gds, knwledge f science, arts and literature as well as crafts and technlgy, was shared acrss the Silk Rads. In this way, languages and cultures develped and influenced each ther”可知，通过丝绸之路，中国和西方国家可以分享商品、科学、艺术、文学、工艺和技术等知识，还有语言和文化，所以它促进了中国和西方的交流，故选C。
33. 推理判断题。根据“Tday, places alng the Silk Rad are knwn as tp travel destinatins”及“Peple are able t take the train and see the sights alng the ancient rute”可知，丝绸之路和沿线的地方如今很受游客欢迎，故选A。
1960s-grvy
1970s-fab
1980s-wicked
1990s-sweet
2000s-tight