中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习语态要点精读与精练 (含详解)

这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习语态要点精读与精练 (含详解)，共23页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完成句子，短文填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力
语态
考点复习
1


常用被动语态
构 成

常用被动语态
构 成
1
一般现在时
am/is/are done
6
过去进行时
was/were being done
2
一般过去时
was/were done
7
现在完成时
have/has been done
3
一般将来时
shall/will be done
8
过去完成时
had been done
4
过去将来时
should/would be done
9
将来完成时
will/would have been done
5
现在进行时
am/is/are being done
10
含有情态动词的
can/must/may be done
注

意

事

项
被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构be going to,
used to,have to, had better变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。
Trees should not be planted in summer. The boy was made fun of by his classmates.
Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl.
汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示：
It is believed that… It is generally considered that… It is said that…
It is well known that… It must be pointed out that… It is supposed that…
It is reported that… It must be admitted that… It is hoped that…
被动语态的句型
1.常见句式是：主语（受动者）＋be＋过去分词＋（by＋施动者）：He was scolded by the English teacher.
2.主语＋get＋过去分词＋其它成分：The boy got drowned last summer./ She got fired because of her faults.
使用这种结构不能带有“by＋施动者”
3.带有双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动句变为动句，其主语可以是直接宾语，也可以是间接宾语。
She lent me a bike.®被动：①I was lent a bike(by her). ②A bike was lent to me(by her).
4.情态动词＋be＋过去分词：This problem must be worked out in half an hour.
5.双重被动式：主语＋被动式谓语＋不定式的被动式＋其它成分
These magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room.
The murderer was ordered to be shot.
下面主动形式常表示被动意义
1.不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash等。
This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。 These books sell well.这些书好卖。
The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。 Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。
The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。
2.一些连系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。
The apples taste good. The flower smells wonderful.
The news proved/turned out true. Cotton feels soft.
不可变为被动语态的几种情况
1.I teach myself French.不可变为Myself is taught French.因为反身代词不可作主语。
2.We help each other/one another.不可变为Each other/One another is helped by us.因为相互代词不可作主语。
3.He lost heart.不可变为Heart was lost by him.
因为象lose heart,make a face,keep silence,lose in thought这类动宾结构的固定短语只能用于主动式，不能用被动式。
4.She took part in the sports meet.不能变为The sports meet was taken part in by her.
因为象take part in,belong to ,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表状态动词没有被动语态。
含有短语动词在被动语态中介词不能丢
Much attention must be paid to your handwriting.
特别注意以下句子的结构：Every minute must be made full use of to study Englsih.
下面词或短语没有被动态：
leave, enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, lack, fit, fail, have, appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on, lose heart等等
知识强化
2

一、单项选择
1. Many buildings in Lushan ________ in the earthquake on April 20th. It will surely be reconstructed (重建) more beautifully.
A. have destroyed B. are destroyed C. were destroyed D. are destroying
2. At present all Chinese couples _________ to have two children.
A. is allowed B. allowed C. are allowed D. were allowed
3. This kind of medicine _________ in a dry and cool place.
A. keep B. must keep C. must be kept D. must be keeping
4. A marathon ________ in Yancheng on 21st April, which drew 12,000 runners.
A. was held B. is held C. were held D. will hold
5. The old ________ well.
A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after
6. The monkey ________ to jump off the tree.
A. see B. sees C. saw D. was seen
7. Your shoes ________. You need a new pair.
A. wear out B. worn out C. are worn out D. is worn
8. —Excuse me! I’d like some Shaoyang rice noodles.
—Sorry, sir. Rice noodles ________ only in the morning.
A. serve B. will serve C. are served
9. —The passenger refused to move after taking another one’s seat!
—What a shame! He ________ according to the newly credit system (诚信体系).
A. punish B. punished C. will punish D. will be punished
10. We ________ into five groups to go to the old people’s home. We did many things to cheer up the elders.
A. were divided B. divided C. are divided D. divide
11. —Our school sports meeting ________ last week. And we won the first prize.
—Sounds great. Congratulations!
A. happened B. took place C. was happened D. was taken place
12. —Do you know when he ________ the work?
—Sorry, I don’t know. But I think when the work ________, he will let me know.
A. will finish; will be finish B. finishes; finishes
C. finishes; will finish D. will finish; is finished
13. The 31st FISU World University Games _________ from June to July in 2022 in Chengdu, Sichuan.
A. holds B. is held C. will hold D. will be held
14. Chinese ________ in many schools outside China.
A. teaches B. is taught C. will teach D. will be taught
15. Reusable bags ________ by more and more people now though a little expensive.
A. accept B. are accepted C. were accepted D. accepted
16. The old should ________ in our society.
A. be take good care of B. take good care of
C. be taken good care of D. are taken good care of
17. Dumplings ________ by millions of foreign people as a kind of traditional Chinese food.
A. were loved B. have loved C. are loved D. are loving
18. — Look, Linda is laughing happily. What happened?
— She ________ by our teacher just now.
A. praised B. is praised C. was praised D. was praising
19. The old book that I found in the shelf ________ by my grandfather many years ago.
A. was bought B. is bought C. buys D. bought
20. More school clubs ________ to students. They are sure to enjoy them.
A. offered B. were offered C. are offered D. have offered
21. — The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou on September 10th this year. I’m looking forward to it very much.
— So am I.
A. holds B. was held C. will be held D. will hold
22. Bing Dwen Dwen ________ by its cute shape. I plan to buy one.
A. is welcomed B. will be welcomed C. was welcomed D. has welcomed
23. —The Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing during these days.
—Yes! Beijing is called “Double Olympic City”.
A. hold B. is held C. will hold D. holds
24. —Kung fu is our traditional sports. It is wonderful.
—Yes, it ________ by lots of people all over the world.
A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. was enjoyed D. is enjoyed
25. The 2022 Winter Olympics _________ in Beijing and many people watched the events.
A. be held B. are held C. were held D. will be held
26. I usually felt very nervous as I ________ to answer the teacher’s questions in class.
A. ask B. will ask C. was asked D. have asked
27. Shijiazhuang is greener city now because more and more trees ________ every spring.
A. planted B. are planted C. will be planted D. were planted
28. —China plans to send another spaceship into space.
—Wow! More and more secrets ________ soon.
A. are going to discover B. will be discovered
C. have discovered D. will discover
29. It is reported that a new school ________ in our city in five years.
A. was built B. will be built C. built D. will build
30. These modern medical machines ________ treat patients in hospital.
A. are used to B. used to C. are used for D. use to
31. A new school ________ here.The local government hopes to finish it next year.
A. is built B. was built
C. has been built D. is being built
32. More and more electric cars ________ in the future to protect environment.
A. use B. will use C. are used D. will be used
33. With the fast increasing of cars, lots of convenience(方便) ________ for us.
A. provided B. was provided C. is provided D. were provided
34. —When did you take these photos?
—The photos ________ a few days ago in memory of the graduation.
A. take B. took C. was taken D. were taken
35. This sign ________ to warn people to keep away from the river.
A. uses B. used C. is using D. is used
36. —I am glad to see that there is less stress of learning for middle school students.
—Yes. Some new after-class activities ________ in our school life now.
A. are added B. will be added C. add D. will add
37. Three astronauts ________ into outer space by the manned spacecraft Shenzhou 13 last October.
A. sends B. sent C. are sending D. were sent
38. Shy students should ________ to be brave enough to speak in public.
A. be encouraged B. are encouraged C. encouraged D. encourage
39. —Mr Wu, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.
—Sorry, but I ________when to meet.
A. wasn’t told B. didn’t tell C. haven’t told D. don’t tell
40. It is said that a new school ________ in my hometown next year.
A. will be built B. was built C. is built D. has built
二、完成句子
41. 它是在泰国造的。
It ________ ________ ________ Thailand.
42. 它们被视为幸福和美好祝愿的鲜明象征。
They ________ ________ ________ bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.
43. 有人被老师建议停止跑步休息一会儿。
Someone ________ ________ ________ take a break from running by a teacher.
44. 很多名医被召来给国王诊治。
Many famous doctors were ______ ______ to examine the king.
45. 它是在泰国造的。
________ Thailand.
46. 你的卧室必须每天打扫。
Your bedroom ___________________________________.
47. 我认为16岁的孩子不应当被允许开车。
I _______________ sixteen-year-olds ____________________ to drive.
48. 去年这本书被译成好几种语言。
The book _________ _________ _________ several languages last year.
49. 体育明星总是受人仰慕的。
Sports stars _________ always _________ _________ to.
50. 茶树种植在山坡上。
Tea plants ________ ________ on the sides of mountains.
51. 你在家里被允许自己做决定吗？
__________ you __________ __________ __________ your __________ __________ at home?
52. 青少年经常认为他们应当被允许按他们所想的尽可能多地练习他们的业余爱好。
Teenagers often think they __________ __________ __________ to practice their hobbies __________ __________ __________ they __________.
53. 我认为16岁的孩子不应当被允许开车。
I ________ think sixteen-year-olds ________ ________ ________ to drive.
54. 你认为如果我们不使用闪光灯我们可能会被允许拍照吗？
Do you think we ________ ________ ________ to take photos if we don’t use a flash?
55. 篮球是由一个叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的加拿大医生发明的。
Basketball________ ________by a Canadian doctor ________James Naismith.
56. 人们认为，历史上的首次篮球赛是在1891年12月21日举行的。
________ ________ ________ ________the first basketball game in history________ ________on December 21, 1891.
57. 它有一百多年的历史，在二百多个国家里有一亿多人打篮球。
It is over 100 years old and ________ ________ ________more than100________ people in over 200 countries.
58. 茶是如何被生产的？
_________ _________ tea _________?
59. 你的衬衫是棉的吗？
_________ your shirts _________ _________ cotton?
60. 想一想在我们的日常生活中使用它的频率。
Think about how often __________ __________ __________ our daily lives.
61. 我认为它是在1876年被发明的。
I think it __________ __________ __________ 1876.
62. 电话是什么时候被发明的？
__________ __________ the telephone __________?
63. 那辆自行车不可能被偷走。它太旧了。
The bike ________ ________ ________. It’s too old.
64. 这些巨石被用一种特定的方式堆放在一起。
The large stones ________ ________ ________ ________ a certain way.
65. 你的卧室必须每天打扫。
Your bedroom ________ ________ ________ every day.
66. 我不应当被告诉该做什么！
I ________ ________ ________ ________ what ________ ________!
67. 国际风筝节在每年的四月份举办。
The international kite festival ________ ________ ________ ________ every year.
68. 手机被年轻人用来听歌。
Mobile phones ________ ________ ________ listening to music by the young.
69. 它们是用竹子做的，并且被纸覆盖。
They ________ ________ ________ bamboo and ________ ________ paper
70. 它是被谁发明的？
________ ________ it ________ ________?
71. 李磊被他的教练开除的消息是真的吗?（kick）
Is the news that Li Lei was ________ by his coach true?
72. “校园好声音”上个月在我校举行。（汉译英）
The Sound of Campus ________________ in our school last month.
73. 去年一些旧的建筑物被工人们推倒了。(pull)
Some old buildings ________ by the workers last year.
74. 薯条是一个叫乔治·克拉姆的厨师发明的。
Potato chips _________ _________ _________ a cook _________ George Crum.
75. 你知道薯条是如何被发明的吗？
Do you know _________ potato chips _________ _________?
76. 这张照片是我六岁的时候拍的。
This photo __________________________ when I was six years old.
77. 我认为中学生不应该被允许开车。
I don’t think middle school students ________ to drive.
78. 天灯被视为幸福和美好祝愿的明亮象征。（see）
The sky lanterns are ________ bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.
79. 天灯被纸覆盖。（cover）
The sky lantern ________ paper.
80. 这个应用程序在中国使用很广泛，它使我们彼此交流很方便。
This app ______________________ in China, which makes it very convenient for us to communicate with each other.
三、短文填空
1
Where is Love? How can we find Love?
Once a little boy wanted to meet Love. He knew it was a long trip to where Love lived, so he got his things ready w___81___ some pizzas and drinks and started off. When he passed three streets, he saw an old woman sitting in the park and w___82___ some birds. She looked very h___83___. The boy gave her a pizza. She took it and smiled at him. The smile was so b___84___ that he wanted to see it again, so he gave her a Coke. She smiled once again. The boy was very happy.
They sat there all the afternoon, eating and smiling, but they said n___85___. When it grew dark, the boy decided to leave. But before he had gone more than a few steps, he turned around, ran b___86___ to the old woman and gave her a hug. The woman gave him her biggest smile ever.
W___87___ the boy opened the door of his house, his mother was s___88___ by the look of joy on his face and asked what had made him so happy. “I had lunch with Love. She has got the most beautiful smile in the world.” At the same time, the old woman’s son was a___89___ surprised at his happy mother and asked why.
“I ate a pizza in the park with Love,” she said, “and he is much younger than I e_____90_____.”
If the world is full of love, we can enjoy a better life.
2
先阅读短文，再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式。单词的第一个字母已给出。
Madison Kohout is a 19-year-old girl from Oklahoma, U.S.A. She has no parents. However, she did make one friend online named Lori Parker. Lori t___91___ Madison just like her own daughter. After getting to know Lori throughout the year, Madison decided to move to Arkansas, where Lori lives.
Lori soon found Madison an apartment and the girl moved in quickly. Madison was h___92___ with her new life. She spent the first week s___93___up her home and looking for a job.
Madison found that her n___94___ were all older than her, but didn’t think too much about it. A week later, h___95___, she saw a sign that read: “Senior Citizens Apartments (老年公寓).” Then she came to r___96___ that she was living in a retirement c___97___.
Madison didn’t think about moving out. I___98___, she has become friends with a lot of people there. They bring her delicious food and share their stories with her. The girl feels at home there.
Madison enjoys her new life very much. It is always quiet and she can be the loud one. She can listen to any kind of music she wants, because most the people living around are half d___99___ anyway.
Sometimes, a good thing might d___100___ from a bad situation. What do you think?
3
请用适当的词完成下面的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词
I’m Sara, a student in Grade Seven. Now let me tell you ___101___ about my school life.
We have five weekdays a week, from Monday to ___102___. At school, we have nine ___103___ — Chinese, English, math, science, geography, history, art, P.E. and music. I think Chinese is important. I always read Chinese books. History is my ___104___ subject. In history classes, I can ___105___ many interesting stories.
My father says math is ___106___. ___107___ I think it is boring. Mr. Black is my science teacher. He ___108___ science very well. But this subject is really difficult ___109___ me.
We always have art, P.E. or music in the afternoon. ___110___ are fun. We always have a good time.




参考答案
一、
1. C【详解】句意：庐山的许多建筑在4月20日的地震中被摧毁。它肯定会被重建得更漂亮。
考查一般过去时被动语态。主语buildings与动词destroy之间是被动关系，结合on April 20th可知，此处应用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故选C。
2. C【详解】句意：目前所有的中国夫妻都被允许生二胎。
考查被动语态、时态、主谓一致。is allowed被允许；allowed允许；are allowed被允许；were allowed被允许。根据语境，主语all Chinese couples与动词allow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，故排除B。根据时间状语at present可知，用一般现在时，故排除D。主语是复数形式，故排除A。故选C。
3. C【详解】句意：这种药应放在阴凉干燥的地方。
考查动词语态。take medicine“吃药”，句中medicine作主语与动词take之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，含情态动词的被动语态结构是must be done。故选C。
4. A【详解】句意：4月21日盐城举办的马拉松比赛吸引了1万2千人。
考查被动语态。根据“which drew 12,000 runners.”可知描述过去的事，用一般过去时，marathon与hole之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是单数，be动词用was。故选A。
5. B【详解】句意：老年人必须得到很好的照顾。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态的结构是“情态动词+ be + done”；题干中老人是“被照料”，A、C和D都是主动结构，故选B。
6. D【详解】句意：有人看见猴子从树上跳下来。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“The monkey”是动作“see”的承受者，即“猴子被看见……”，所以用被动语态be+done；根据语境可知，事情是过去发生的，且主语为第三人称单数，故用was seen。故选D。
7. C【详解】句意：你的鞋子穿破了。你需要一双新的。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语Your shoes与谓语动词之间是被动关系，结构：be done，wear out意为“穿破”，是固定搭配。故选C。
8. C【详解】句意：——打扰了！我想要一些邵阳米线。——对不起，先生。只有早上才有米线供应。
考查动词的时态。句子是一般现在时，主语“Rice noodles”和动词之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，结构：be done。故选C。
9. D【详解】句意：——这名乘客坐了别人的座位后不肯动！——真是可耻！根据新的信用体系，他将受到惩罚。
考查被动语态。根据语境，可知此处指“那位乘客将会因为他的行为受到惩罚”，表将要发生的动作，用一般将来时；主语he与动词punish是被动关系，所以，用一般将来时被动语态，其谓语动词结构为“will+be+过去分词”，故选D。
10. A【详解】句意：我们被分成五组去老人之家。我们做了许多让老人们高兴的事。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语we和谓语动词divide之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，根据“We did many things to cheer up the elders.”可知，时态为一般过去时，一般过去时被动语态的谓语结构为“was/were+done”，主语we不是第三人称单数，所以应用were。故选A。
11. B【详解】句意：——我们学校的运动会上周举行了。我们赢得了一等奖。——听起来不错。祝贺！
考查动词辨析和语态。happened（偶然地）发生；出现；took place （有计划地）发生。两者都没有被动形式。运动会应该是有计划地发生，故选B。
12. D【详解】句意：——你知道他什么时候会完成这项工作吗？——对不起，我不知道。但我想当工作完成时，他会让我知道的。
考查动词时态和语态。第一空所在句是when引导的宾语从句，根据“Do you know when he...the work”及语境可知，工作还未完成，所以询问的是未来完成的时间，用一般将来时（will do）；第二空所在句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，所以从句用一般现在时，又因为主语the work和谓语finish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态（be done）。故选D。
13. D【详解】句意：第31届世界大学生运动会将于2022年6月至7月在四川成都举行。
考查被动语态。根据“World University Games”和动词“hold”可知，大运会是被举行，要用被动语态，排除AC；再根据“from June to July in 2022”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
14. B【详解】句意：中国以外的许多学校也教汉语。
考查时态和语态。teach“教”，是动词，此处叙述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Chinese与谓语teach之间是被动关系，谓语用被动语态，故选B。
15. B【详解】句意：可重复使用的袋子现在被越来越多的人接受，尽管有点贵。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“now”可知该句应用一般现在时，主语Reusable bags“可重复使用的袋子”和谓语动词accept“接受”存在逻辑上的被动关系，因此句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。
16. C【详解】句意：老年人在我们社会中应当受到很好的照料。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句子主语The old“老年人”与动词短语take good care of“照料”存在逻辑上的被动语态，根据“should”可知该句为含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为：should be+过去分词。动词take的过去分词为taken。故选C。
17. C【详解】句意：饺子作为一种中国传统食品，深受数以百万计的外国人的喜爱。
考查时态和语态。love喜欢，喜爱，根据句意，饺子被外国人喜欢，这是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语dumplings与谓语love之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故选C。
18. C【详解】句意：——看，Linda笑得多开心。发生什么了？——她刚刚被我们的老师表扬了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知主语“She”和动词“praise”是被动关系，因此需用被动语态，结构“be done”，排除A和D选项。根据时间“just now”可知时态是一般过去时，因此用was praised。故选C。
19. A【详解】句意：我在书架里找到的这本书是许多年以前我祖母买的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语the old book和谓语buy之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据many years ago可知时态为一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
20. C【详解】句意：更多的学校俱乐部被提供给学生们。他们一定会喜欢的。
考查动词时态和语态。主语More school clubs是动词offer的承受者，所以用被动语态，结合“They are sure to enjoy them.”可知，用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are offered）。故选C。
21. C【详解】句意：——第19届亚运会将于今年9月10日在杭州举行。我非常期待。——我也是。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“on September 10th this year”可知，动作还未发生，主语是动作的承受者，用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
22. A【详解】句意：冰墩墩因其可爱的外形而受到欢迎。我打算买一个。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句意可知，主语和动词之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态，故排除D项；根据后句“I plan to buy one.”时态可知，前句应用一般现在时的被动语态，构成形式为：be done，主语“Bing Dwen Dwen”是第三人称单数形式，故be用is，welcome的过去分词是welcomed。故选A。
23. B【详解】句意：——冬奥会于这些日子里在北京举行。——是的！北京被称为“双奥运城市”。
考查动词时态和语态。主语“The Winter Olympic Games冬奥会”和谓语动词hold之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，结合时间状语“during these days”可知，时态是一般现在时，所以这里用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
24. D【详解】句意：——武术是我们的传统运动。它很精彩。——是的，它被全世界的许多人所喜爱。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语it和谓语enjoy之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据题干“Kung fu is our traditional sports. It is wonderful.”可知，时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。
25. C【详解】句意：2022年冬季奥运会在北京举行，很多观看了比赛。
考查时态和语态。hold举行；根据“watched”可知，此处用一般过去时，主语The 2022 Winter Olympics与谓语hold之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故选C。
26. C【详解】句意：当我在课堂上被要求回答老师的问题时，我通常感到非常紧张。
考查被动语态。I和动词ask之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，结合“felt”，此处使用一般过去时。故选C。
27. B【详解】句意：石家庄现在是一个更绿色的城市，因为每年春天都种越来越多的树。
考查被动语态。根据every spring可知，此句用一般现在时，主语trees与动词plant之间是被动关系，故此处用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，故选B。
28. B【详解】句意：——中国计划再发射一艘宇宙飞船进入太空。——哇！越来越多的秘密很快就会被发现。
考查被动语态。soon“不久，很快”，是表示将来的时间状语；主语More and more secrets与动词discover之间是被动的关系，句子应为一般将来时态的被动语态，故选B。
29. B【详解】句意：据报道，我们市将在五年内建一所新学校。
考查被动语态。主语school与谓语build是被动关系，即“被建”；根据“in five years”意为“五年后”可知是一般将来时态的标志，结构为will be done。故选B。
30. A【详解】句意：这些现代医疗机器被用来在医院治疗病人。
考查动词短语。be used to do被用来做某事；be used to doing sth习惯于做某事；used to do过去常常做某事；be used for (doing) sth被用来做。根据“These modern medical machines...treat patients in hospital.”可知，主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，用be used to do表示“被用来做某事”。故选A。
31. D【详解】句意：这里正在建一所新学校。当地政府希望明年完成。
考查动词时态。根据“The local government hopes to finish it next year.”判断前面说的是学校正在被建，使用现在进行时的被动语态，构成be+being+动词的过去分词。故选D。
32. D【详解】句意：为了保护环境，未来将会有越来越多的电动汽车被使用。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“electric cars”和谓语“use”之间是被动关系，根据“in the future”可知是用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。
33. C【详解】句意：随着汽车的快速增长，给我们提供了很多便利。
考查时态和语态。主语“convenience”与动词provide之间是动宾关系，此处陈述一般事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done。故选C。
34. D【详解】句意：——你什么时候拍的这些照片？——这些照片是几天前为纪念毕业而拍摄的。
考查被动语态。主语photos和谓语take之间是被动关系（被拍）；故排除AB；根据“a few days ago”可知“几天前”是一般过去时的标志，且主语photos是复数，故选D。
35. D【详解】句意：这个标志是用来提醒人们远离河流。
考查被动语态。uses使用，第三人称单数形式；used使用，过去式；is using使用，现在进行时；is used使用，一般现在时被动语态。根据sign和use之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态，故选D。
36. A【详解】句意：——我很高兴看到中学生的学习压力变少了。——是的。一些新的课外活动在我们的学校生活中增加了。
考查时态和语态。主语“Some new after-class activities”是被增加，结合“now”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done。故选A。
37. D【详解】句意：去年10月，神舟十三号载人飞船将三名宇航员送入了太空。
考查动词时态和语态。主语Three astronauts和send之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，结合“ last October”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
38. A【详解】句意：应该鼓励害羞的学生勇敢地在公共场合发言。
考查被动语态。结合语境和句子结构可知“Shy students”与“encourage”之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；空前有“should”，本句用含有情态动词的被动语态，即should be done。故选A。
39. A【详解】句意：——吴先生，你为什么还在这里？他们都准备好出发了。——对不起，但没人告诉我什么时候见面。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“Sorry, but I...when to meet.”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，可排除CD选项；且主语I和动词tell之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。故选A。
40. A【详解】句意：据说明年一所新的学校将要在我的家乡被修建。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。built是build的过去式和过去分词。主语a new school和谓语build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据next year可知时态为一般将来时，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。
二、
41.      was     made     in【详解】be made in“在某地制造”，根据句意，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语是It，be动词用was。故填was；made；in。
42.      are     seen     as【详解】根据语境可知，时态为一般现在时。且结合句意，缺少“被视为”be seen as含义。主语是“they”，句子时态为一般现在时，故be动词用复数形式are。故填are；seen；as。
43.      was     advised     to【详解】根据句意可知，考查advise sb to do sth表示“建议某人做某事”；根据语境可知，这件事情已经发生过，时态为过去式，且“有人”和“建议”之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were advised to do，又因someone作主语，谓语用第三人称单数，所以应为was advised to。故填was；advised；to。
44.      called     in【详解】根据语境可知，时态为一般过去时，且结合语意可知，“名医”和“国王”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时被动语态，“被召来”即be called in。故填called；in。
45. It was made in【详解】“它”为it，句首首字母大写；“在泰国造的”为be made in Thailand；结合语境可知，动作发生在过去，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成形式为：was/were done，主语“it”是第三人称单数形式，故助动词应用was。故填It was made in。
46. must be cleaned every day【详解】must必须，主语是动作的承受者，用must be done结构表被动；clean“打扫”，every day“每天”。故填must be cleaned every day。
47.      don’t think     should be allowed【详解】分析句子可知，此处是一个宾语从句，且是否定句，当主句的主语是第一人称，动词为think，believe，suppose等，此处需把从句的否定前移到主句上。think“认为”，主语是第一人称，否定助动词用don’t。第二空应用被动语态，且是含有情态动词should的被动语态，结构为should be done，allowed“允许”，是过去分词，故填don’t think；should be allowed。
48.      was     translated     into【详解】把……翻译为：translate...into...；根据“The book”和动词之间的关系可知，是被动关系，结合last year，是一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was；故填was；translated；into。
49.      are     looked     up【详解】仰慕：look up to，主语“Sports stars”和谓语之间是被动关系，且描述客观情况，用一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故填are；looked；up。
50.      are     grown【详解】grow“种植”，主语tea plants与动词grow之间是被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时被动语态be done的结构，主语plants是复数形式，助动词用are，故填are；grown。
51.      Are     allowed     to     make     own     decisions【详解】be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”，主语是you，谓语用复数形式；make one’s own decisions“自己做决定”，故填Are；allowed；to；make；own；decisions。
52.      should     be     allowed     as     much     as     want【详解】should应该，情态动词，后接动词原形；allow允许，与they之间是被动关系，因此用含情态动词的被动语态should be done；as much as尽可能多；want想要。故填should；be；allowed；as；much；as；want。
53.      don’t     should     be     allowed【详解】主语I是第一人称，谓语think是实义动词，其助动词用don’t；should“应该”，be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”，位于情态动词should后，作谓语，用动词原形，故填don’t；should；be；allowed。
54.      may     be     allowed【详解】be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”，may“可能”，是情态动词，后面谓语用动词原形，故填may；be；allowed。
55.      was     invented     named##called【详解】根据语境可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时；invent“发明”，且主语“basketball”与谓语“invent”之间为被动关系，用was invented；第三空处用过去分词作后置定语，called/named“被叫作”；故填was；invented；named/called。
56.      It     is     believed     that     was     held【详解】根据句意可知，主句用一般现在时，it is believed that“人们认为”，开头字母要大写；从句的主语“the first basketball game”与hold“举办”之间为被动关系，被动语态的结构为“be done”，hold的过去分词为“held”，根据“on December 21, 1891”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填It；is；believed；that；was；held。
57.      is     played     by     million【详解】根据句意可知，用一般现在时；play basketball“打篮球”，主语“it”与谓语“play”之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are played”，主语为it，用is；被动语态中，介词by后接动作的发出者；100 million“一亿”，且million与具体数字连用时，不加“s”。故填is；played；by；million。
58.      How     is     produced【详解】how“如何”，引导特殊疑问句，首字母大写；produce“生产”；根据汉语提示可知，用一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done；主语“tea”是不可数名词，be动词用is，疑问句将其置于主语前。故填How；is；produced。
59.      Are     made     of【详解】be made of“由……制成”，强调产品基于的原材料，主语“shirts”是复数，be动词用are，一般疑问句be动词位于主语前。故填Are；made；of。
60.      it’s     used     in【详解】it“它”；use“使用”，是动词，主语it和动词之间是被动关系，句子是一般现在时，主语是单数，be动词用is，可以和it缩写为it’s；in“在……里面”。故填it’s；used；in。
61.      was     invented     in【详解】be invented“被发明”，主语是it，be动词用单数形式；结合“1876”可知，句子要用一般过去时的被动，且年份前有介词in，故填was；invented；in。
62.      When     was     invented【详解】when“何时”，疑问词，be invented“被发明”，是被动结构，此处问的是过去的事情，动词应用过去式，主语是单数名词，be动词用was，故填When；was；invented。
63.      can’t     be     stolen【详解】根据句意可知，此句是含有情态动词can的被动语态：can be done，句子是否定句，需在can后加not；过去分词为stolen“偷”。故填can’t；be；stolen。
64.      were     put     together     in【详解】be put together“被放在一起”，in a certain way“用一种特定的方式”，时态是一般过去时，主语是动作的承受者且是复数，be动词用were。故填were；put；together；in。
65.      must     be     cleaned【详解】“必须”为must，情态动词；“打扫”为clean。分析句意可知，主语和动词之间是被动关系，故应用情态动词的被动语态，构成形式为：must be done，clean的过去分词是cleaned。故填must；be；cleaned。
66.      should     not     be     told     to     do【详解】should not“不应该”；tell“告诉”；do“做”；what to do“做什么”。根据汉语意思可知，此处要用含情态动词的被动语态，结构为情态动词+be+done，tell的过去分词为told。故填should；not；be；told；to；do。
67.      is     held     in     April【详解】在四月：in April；举办：hold，主语“The international kite festival”和谓语hold之间是被动关系，根据“every year”可知句子使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is；held；in；April。
68.      are     used     for【详解】“被用来干某事”为be used for doing sth.，是被动语态；结合语境可知，此题为一般现在时，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“Mobile phones”是复数形式，故be用are。故填are；used；for。
69.      are     made     of     covered     with【详解】能看出原材料，表示“由……制成”用结构be made of，句子是客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是they，be动词用are；被……覆盖：be covered with。故填are；made；of；covered；with。
70.      Who     was     invented     by【详解】who“谁”，invent“发明”，by“被”，根据句意可知，是特殊疑问句，时态是一般过去时，主语是动作的承受者，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填Who；was；invented；by。
71. kicked off【详解】kick off“开除”，根据“by his coach ”可知，此处用被动语态be done的结构，空格前已有was，故此空应填过去分词，故填kicked off。
72. was held【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填“举行”。hold“举行”，动词，主语和动词之间是被动关系，根据“last month.”可知句子是一般过去时，所以使用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done），主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was held。
73. were pulled down【详解】pull down“推倒”，动词短语；根据语境，“旧的建筑物”是“被推倒”，此处要用被动语态；由“last year”可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done；“Some old buildings”作主语，应用were。故填were pulled down。
74.      were     invented     by     called【详解】“被某人发明”为be invented by sb.；“被叫做”为called。结合语境可知，此题应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“Potato chips”是复数形式，故be用were。故填were；invented；by；called。
75.      how     were     invented【详解】invent：发明，主语与动词invent之间是被动关系，且“发明薯条”这个动作是发生在过去，故从句应用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，主语是复数形式，助动词用were，how“怎样”，引导宾语从句，故填how；were；invented。
76. was taken【详解】take a photo“拍照”，主语photo与动词take之间是被动关系，且根据was可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态，主语photo是单数，助动词用was，故填was taken。
77. should be allowed【详解】should“应该”，be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”，故填should be allowed。
78. seen as【详解】根据中英文对照和所给单词提示可知，空处表达的意思是“被视为”，该句使用被动语态，结构式are done，see as“视为”，see的过去分词是seen，故填seen as。
79. is covered by##was covered by【详解】根据句意可知，空格处表示“被……覆盖”，根据单词提示可知此处使用短语be covered by，此处可以用一般现在时陈述事实，也可以用一般过去时描述过去的动作，故填is covered by/was covered by。
80. is used widely【详解】use“使用”，是动词，分析句子结构可知，主语和use之间是被动关系，句子是一般现在时，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用is；widely“广泛地”，是副词，修饰动词，故填is used widely。
三、
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81. (w)ith    82. (w)atching    83. (h)ungry    84. (b)eautiful    85. (n)othing    86. (b)ack    87. (W)hen    88. (s)urprised    89. (a)lso    90. (e)xpected
【详解】本文主要讲述了爱的内涵。爱就是在别人饥饿的时候，送上一块薄饼，一块蛋糕；一个微笑，一个拥抱便是最好的报答。如果这个世界充满了爱，我们将会享受更好的生活。
81. 句意：因此他准备了一些披萨和喝的东西，并出发了。根据“ he got his things ready...some pizzas and drinks and started off”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“随身携带”，应用介词with，故填(w)ith。
82. 句意：当他经过三条街道时，他看到一位老妇人坐在公园里看鸟。根据“he saw an old woman sitting in the park and...some birds”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“观鸟”，应用watch，此处应与“sitting”一致，故填(w)atching。
83. 句意：她看起来很饿。根据“The boy gave her a pizza.”及首字母提示可知，老夫人看起来很饿，故填(h)ungry。
84. 句意：笑容如此美丽，他想再看一次，所以他给了她一杯可乐。根据“he wanted to see it again, so he gave her a Coke”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“笑容很美丽”，故填(b)eautiful。
85. 句意：他们整个下午都坐在那里，边吃边笑，但什么也没说。根据“They sat there all the afternoon, eating and smiling, but they said”及首字母提示可知，此处是指“什么也没说”，nothing“没有什么”，故填(n)othing。
86. 句意：但还没走几步，他就转过身来，跑回老妇人身边，给了她一个拥抱。根据“ he had gone more than a few steps, he turned around, ran... to the old woman and gave her a hug”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“男孩跑回去”，run back“跑回”，故填(b)ack。
87. 句意：当男孩打开房门时，他母亲惊讶于他脸上的喜悦表情，问是什么让他如此快乐。根据“the boy opened the door of his house, his mother...”及首字母提示可知，此处是主从复合句，表示“当……时”，应用when引导时间状语从句，且位于句首首字母应大写。故填(W)hen。
88. 句意：当男孩打开房门时，他母亲惊讶于他脸上的喜悦表情，问是什么让他如此快乐。根据“asked what had made him so happy”及首字母提示可知，母亲对男孩脸上的表情表示惊讶，故填(s)urprised。
89. 句意：与此同时，老人的儿子也对他快乐的母亲感到惊讶，问为什么。根据“his mother was ...by the look of joy on his face and asked what had made him so happy”以及“the old woman’s son was...surprised at his happy mother and asked why.”可知，老人的儿子对于老人的快乐也感到惊讶，结合首字母提示可知，此处是also“也”，故填(a)lso。
90. 句意：他比我想象的要年轻得多。根据“and he is much younger than I”及首字母提示可知，此处缺少动词，老人认为爱比她预期的要年轻，故填(e)xpected。
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91. (t)reated    92. (h)appy    93. (s)weeping    94. (n)eighbors    95. (h)owever    96. (r)ealize    97. (c)ommunity    98. (I)nstead    99. (d)eaf    100. (d)erive
【详解】本文讲述了一个19岁的女孩Madison是一个没有父母的孩子，后来她在网上认识了Lori，并搬到了Lori居住的城市，在那里Lori为她找了一套老年公寓，Madison在那里住的很开心。
91. 句意：洛莉对待麦迪逊就像对待自己的女儿一样。根据“Lori t...Madison just like her own daughter.”可知，洛莉对待麦迪逊像女儿一样，treat“对待”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(t)reated。
92. 句意：麦迪逊对她的新生活很满意。根据“Madison was h...with her new life.”可知，对性生活很满意，be happy with“对……感到满意”。故填(h)appy。
93. 句意：她花了第一个星期打扫她的家和找工作。根据“She spent the first week s...up her home”可知，是花时间打扫卫生，sweep“打扫”符合语境，spend+时间+doing sth“花时间做某事”，故填(s)weeping。
94. 句意：麦迪逊发现她的邻居都比她大，但并没有想太多。根据“Madison found that her n...were all older than her”可知，邻居都比她大，neighbor“邻居”，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填(n)eighbors。
95. 句意：然而，一个星期后，她看到一个牌子上写着：“老年人公寓”。前后构成转折关系，however“然而”符合语境，故填(h)owever。
96. 句意：后来她才意识到自己过着退休生活。根据“Then she came to r...that she was living in a retirement c...”可知，是她意识到的事，realize“意识到”，故填(r)ealize。
97. 句意：后来她才意识到自己生活在一个退休社区。根据“Then she came to r...that she was living in a retirement c...”可知，自己住在一个退休社区，community“社区”符合语境，故填(c)ommunity。
98. 句意：相反，她和那里的很多人成了朋友。前后两句构成转折关系，instead“相反”符合语境，故填(I)nstead。
99. 句意：她可以听任何她想听的音乐，因为住在附近的大多数人都是半聋的。根据“She can listen to any kind of music she wants, because most the people living around are half d...anyway.”可知，可以不考虑其他人，听自己爱听的，因为大部分都是半聋的，deaf“聋的”，在句中作表语，故填(d)eaf。
100. 句意：有时候，一件好事可能源于一件坏事。根据“a good thing might d...from a bad situation”可知，一件好事可能源于一件坏事，derive“起源于”符合语境，might后用动词原形，故填(d)erive。
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101. something    102. Friday    103. subjects    104. favorite    105. read##learn##study    106. interesting##fun    107. But    108. teaches    109. for    110. They
【详解】本文主要讲述了作者在学校的学习科目以及作者最喜欢的科目。
101. 句意：现在让我告诉你一些关于我的学校生活。根据“ Now let me tell you...about my school life.”可知是指学校生活的一些事情，something符合语境，故填something。
102. 句意：我们一星期有五个工作日，从星期一到星期五。结合常识可知学校周一到周五上课，故填Friday。
103. 句意：在学校，我们有九门学科——语文、英语、数学、科学、地理、历史、艺术、体育和音乐。根据“Chinese, English, math, science, geography, history, art, P.E. and music.”可知这些都是科目，subject“科目”，被nine修饰，应用复数，故填subjects。
104. 句意：历史是我最喜欢的科目。根据“ In history classes, I can...many interesting stories.”可知历史学科是作者最喜欢的科目，favorite“最喜欢的”，故填favorite。
105. 句意：在历史课上，我可以读/学习很多有趣的故事。根据“I can...many interesting stories.”可知在历史课上，作者可以读到/学习很多有趣的故事。空前有情态动词can，动词用原形，故填read/learn/study。
106. 句意：我爸爸说数学很有趣。根据“I think it is boring”可知无聊的反义词是有趣的，interesting/fun表示“有趣的”，故填interesting/fun。
107. 句意：但是我认为它很无聊。空处前后是转折关系，应用but连接，故填But。
108. 句意：他教科学教得很好。根据“Mr. Black is my science teacher”可知布莱克先生是教授科学的，teach“教授”，动词，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填teaches。
109. 句意：但是这个科目对我来说真的很难。根据“But this subject is really difficult...me.”可知对于作者来说，科学很难，for“对于”，故填for。
110. 句意：它们是有趣的。此空是作主语，且指代前面的美术、体育和音乐，应用代词they指代，故填They。