还剩15页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习记叙类语篇的特征及攻略 (含详解)
展开
这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习记叙类语篇的特征及攻略 (含详解)，共18页。试卷主要包含了记叙文的分类，记叙文的特征，记叙文的命题特点，记叙文的解题技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点复习
1
记叙文是以叙述为主要表达方式，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体。 记叙文是用来描述事物的文章.时间,人物,地点,起因,经过,结果是记叙文的6要素。记叙文写作，是把自己的亲身感受和经历，通过生动、形象的语言，描述给读者。 记叙文包括的范围很广，如记人记事：日记、游记、传说、新闻、通讯、小说等，都属于记叙文的范畴。记叙文写的是生活中的见闻，要表达出作者对于生活的真切感受。 总的说，以记叙和描写为主要表达方式的文章叫记叙文。 但记叙文写作,伴随自然流露的适当议论和抒情。
记叙文有广义与狭义之分。 广义的记叙文，包括记叙性的文学作品，如散文、小说等。 狭义的记叙文是指以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，对社会生活中的人、事、景、物的情态变化和发展进行叙述和描写的一类文章，常见的如消息、通讯、特写、报告文学、游记、日记、参观记、回忆录，以及一部分书信等。正因为记叙文写的是生活中的见闻，所以一定要表达出作者对于生活的真切感受。
记叙文的特点就是以记叙为主要表达方式，综合其他表达方式；以写人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容；通过描述人物、时间及状物、写景来表达一定的中心。
写作记叙文要做到一下几点：
第一，要交代明白。无论记人记事，还是写景状物，一般都要交代明白时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果，否则文章就不完整。
第二，线索清楚。虽然观察的角度、记述的方式可以不同，但每一篇文章都应当有一条关联材料、统贯全篇的中心线索，否则文章就会松散。
第三，人称要一致。无论用第一人称“我”记述，还是用第三人称“他”记述，都要通篇一贯，一般不宜随意转换，否则就容易造成混乱。
第四，时间，地点，人物，起因，经过，结果。
一、记叙文的分类
侧重写人的记叙文，以人物的外貌、语言、动作、心理描写为主。
侧重记事的记叙文，以叙述事情的发生、发展、经过和结果为重点。
侧重绘景的记叙文，以描绘景物、寄托情怀为主。
侧重状物的记叙文，以状物为主，借象征抒怀。
二、记叙文的特征
记叙文是记人叙事的文章，它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所说的五个" W "( what, wh, when, where, why )和一个" H "( hw )。记叙文的重点在于"述说"和"描写"，因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚，描写生动形象。
1. 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过"我"来传达给读者，使人读后感到真实可信，如身临其境。如：
The ther day, I was driving alng the street. Suddenly, a car lst its cntrl and ran directly twards me fast. I was s frightened that I quickly turned t the left side. But it was t late. The car hit my bike and I fell ff it.
用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受"我"活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：
Little Tm was ging t schl with an umbrella, fr it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an ld wman walking in the rain with nthing t cver. Tm went up t the ld wman and wanted t share the umbrella with her, but he was t shrt. What culd he d? Then he had a gd idea.
2. 动词的时态
在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3. 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。
4. 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如：
In my summer hlidays, I did a lt f things. Apart frm ding my hmewrk, reading an English nvel, watching TV and ding sme husewrk, I went n a trip t Qingda. It is really a beautiful city. There are many places f interest t see. But what impressed me mst was the sunrise.
The next mrning I gt up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I gt t the beach, the cluds n the hrizn were turning red. In a little while, a small part f the sun was gradually appearing. The sun was very red, nt shining. It rse slwly. At last it brke thrugh the red cluds and jumped abve the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the cluds and the sea water became red and bright.
What a mving and unfrgettable scene!
5. 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述，可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态，使记叙生动、有趣，使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果：
I was in the kitchen, and I was cking smething. Suddenly I heard a lud nise frm the frnt. I thught maybe smene was kncking the dr. I asked wh it was but I heard n reply. After a while I saw my cat running acrss the parlr. I realized it was the cat. I felt released.
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字，但经作者这么一写，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式，没有人物语言，把"悬念"给冲淡了。可作如下调整：
I was in the kitchen cking smething. "Crash!" a lud nise came frm the frnt. Thinking smene was kncking at the dr, I asked, "Wh?" N reply. After a while, I saw my cat running acrss the parlr. "Its yu." I said, quite released.
三、记叙文的命题特点（以阅读理解为例）
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
记叙文常见的命题类型如下：
1.主旨大意题
文章主旨给出的四种形式:文首,文中,文尾,没有明确主旨,需总结。虽然作者表达主题思想的方式不同，但命题常用的提问方式有以下几种：
What’s the main idea/subject/tpic f the passage?
The main idea f the passage is…
The passage is mainly abut_____.
Which f the fllwing statements best expresses the main idea f the passage?
The best title fr the passage is/ might be____.
The authr’s main purpse f writing this passage is____.
做题要领：文章主旨通常会出现在文首,文中或文尾，因此寻找主题句或主题段往往是做好此类题的键。但当文中没有直接出现主题句，应对文章意思全面理解后归纳概括主旨，但不能太笼统即不切主题,言过其实或以偏概全。
2.细节理解题
这类题目是针对文章的具体事实和细节而出,因此通常能在文章中直接或间接地找到答案.此类要求查找重要事实和细节的试题通常以下列形式提出：
Which f the fllwing statements is (nt) true accrding t the passage?
Which f the fllwing is (nt) discussed/Mentined in the passage?
Accrding t the passage, what/where/
Which/wh/why/when/hw…?
All f the fllwing are (nt) true / mentined / discussed except_________.
Hw des the authr/writer feel abut___?
3.词义／语义判断题
这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种：
Accrding t the authr, the underlined wrd”…” means____.
Frm the passage, we can infer that the wrd”…”is___.
“…” can be best replaced by___.
What des the authr prbably mean by”…”?
By”…”, the authr means that___
做此类题时，应在文中找线索或信息词。根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。根据周围熟悉的词及语义判断新单词之意，有时还需依靠构词法。
4.推断题
以原文内容为前提,透过现象看本质即透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思。根据作者的观点理论客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。
推断题的常见形式：
It can be inferred / cncluded frm the text that____.
Frm the text we knw that ______.
The passage implies that ______.
The paragraph fllwing the passage will mst prbably discusses______.
解推断题的方法：解推断题最主要的方法是根据语义关系推断具体细节。
5. 观点态度题
回答这类问题应从篇章的体裁入手.一般来说,在说明文中作者的态度是客观的或中立的;在议论文中,作者的态度才会显得多种多样. 可以根据阐述主题或有关主题的相关语句或词语确定作者的态度。
常见的态度词语有:psitive/supprt/apprval(赞同的/ptimisticcritical/negative/tlerant/disappinted/pessimistic(悲观的) /indifferent(冷淡的)/dubtfulNeutral(中立的）/bjective(客观的）
这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种:
What’s the authr’s/writer’s attitude t…?
The authr thinks/suggests/believes that___.
Hw des the authr feel abut…?
Which f the fllwing will the authr agree / disagree with?
Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr’s attitude twards…?
四、记叙文的解题技巧
记叙文讲述的是发生在当前或过去或将来事情的经过。简而言之，记叙文就是讲故事，包括人物或故事情节。常见的记叙文根据其用途可分为文学记叙文和说明记叙文：文学记叙文以虚构为主，如趣闻逸事、传说、寓言、传奇故事、短篇小说、科幻小说等；说明记叙文以事实为依据，包括历史、传记、新闻报道、日记等。无论哪一种记叙文作者都要交代何人何时何地为什么、怎么样、干了何事等等，这也就是我们常说的“5Ws and 1H”。这是我们在阅读记叙文时要首先了解的，接着按照线索弄清事情的来龙去脉，就能理解整个故事。
特别值得注意的是：记叙文的叙事顺序有顺叙和倒叙两种，有时候作者为了吸引读者会采用倒叙的方法，即不按照事情发展的先后顺序来叙述，而是从最重要、最能引人入胜的事件开始，然后再回过头来追叙故事的开端和经过。阅读时要学会从事情本身的发展去理解故事情节而不要只看事件在文中出现的先后位置。
另外，讲故事必定有其目的：或证明某一理论，或阐明某一概念，或赞美某种美德，或谴责某种罪恶等等。我们在阅读时要通过作者的重要细节描写联系故事情节去领会作者的意图，对作者重墨泼就的细节描写要重点关注。 概括起来一句话：读记叙文的关键是抓情节。 抓住了故事情节，就理解了文章的脉络，其他的就迎刃而解了。
要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。
1.关注细节
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, wh, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
2.注重联系
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
3.读懂表象
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred frm …?”或是What des the authr imply in…?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
4.挖掘意义
每年的中考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在中考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
【典例示例】
Cmpassin is a desire within us t help thers．With effrt, we can translate cmpassin int actin．An experience last weekend shwed me this is true．I wrk part-time in a supermarket acrss frm a building fr the elderly．These ld peple are ur main custmers, and it’s nt hard t lse patience ver their slwness．But last Sunday, ne aged gentleman appeared t teach me a valuable lessn．This untidy man walked up t my register(收款机) with a bx f biscuits．He said he was ut f cash(现金), had just mved int his rm, and had nthing in his cupbards．He asked if we culd let him have the fd n trust．He prmised t repay me the next day．
I culdn’t help staring at him．I wndered what kind f persn he had been ten r twenty years befre, and what he wuld be like if luck had gne his way．I had a hurt in my heart fr this kind f human sul, all alne in the wrld．I tld him that I was srry, but stre rules didn’t allw me t d s．I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my jb．
Just then, anther man, standing behind the first, spke up．If anything, he lked mre pitiable．“Charge it t me,” was all he said．
What I had been feeling was pity．Pity is sft and safe and easy．Cmpassin, n the ther hand, is caring in actin．I thanked the secnd man but tld him that was nt allwed either．Then I reached int my pcket and paid fr the biscuits myself．I reached int my pcket because these tw men had reached int my heart and taught me cmpassin.
详解：故事采用顺叙的叙事方法，主要情节发展如下：One aged gentleman begged me t have the fd n trust and prmised t repay the next day.---- I tld him the stre rules didn’t allw me t d s.---- Anther man wanted me t charge the fd t him.----I paid fr the biscuits myself. 作者用第一人称讲述自己亲身经历的这段故事，让人觉得亲切可信，同时也增强了文章的感染力。作者说自己通过这段故事学会了cmpassin（同情），事实上也是在号召读者多伸出同情之手，共建和谐社会。
能力强化
2
一、阅读理解
1
A man made a nice talking machine. It culd weigh peple. The man wanted t try the machine befre he culd make a lt f these kinds f machines. He put the machine int the waiting rm f a statin. There were always lts f peple in and ut there.
The first ne began t use the machine. It was an Indian wman. When she std n the machine, the machine thught fr a few minutes t decide which language it shuld speak. “Gd mrning, mam,” it said in Indian, “Yur weight is 72 kils. That’s three kils mre. If yu eat mre fruit and vegetables, yu will be sn all right. Wish yu a nice day.”
The secnd ne wh used the machine was a nice Chinese girl. She std n the machine and waited t hear her weight. “Gd mrning, Miss.” the machine said in Chinese. “Yur weight is 45 kils. It’s all right fr yur age and height. G n t eat what yu eat every day. Wish yu a nice day.”
The third ne t use the machine was a very fat American wman. She thught fr a lng time befre standing n the machine. But as sn as she std n the machine, the machine spke quickly in English,“Gd mrning.Will ne f yu get ff?”.
1. The nice talking machine culd ________.
A. tell peple what they shuld eatB. weigh and talk t peple
C. tell peple hw ld they areD. tell a stry
2. First the man put his machine ________.
A. in the dctr’s waiting rmB. in a museum
C. in a statinD. in a train
3. What did the machine tell the Indian wman ________?
A. She was a little lighter.B. She was just all right.
C. She needed t eat mre and excise mre.D. She was a little bit heavy.
4. The machine said quickly “Will ne f yu get ff?” because ________.
A. tw peple were n itB. the third wman was t fat
C. smething was wrng with itD. the machine didn’t knw where the third
2
I fund it hard t cmmunicate with my mther. Relatins between us became difficult.
One day I ran away frm hme and stayed utside fr a few hurs. When I returned hme at night, I saw all the pain, anger and disappintment n my mther’s face.We knew that we were in great need f talk. We agreed t have breakfast tgether the next mrning. In the end, we decided t g t a restaurant.
On ur way t the restaurant I nticed my mther had tw ntebks. I asked her what they were used fr. She explained t me that smetimes it was easier t write dwn ur feelings than talking abut them. We shuld write dwn ur feelings.
Our first tpic was “Why am I s angry? ” I wrte a half page, and my mm filled up nearly three pages. I saw the tears run dwn her face while she was writing. I never realized anyne culd hide s much anger. After we finished writing, we exchanged ur ntebks. As sn as I started reading my mther’s wrds. I began t cry and s did she. When we finished reading, we discussed ur feelings. Finally, it felt like all the anger inside me went away frm my bdy. Our talk helped me realize s many things I had never thught f befre, nt nly abut my mther but als abut ther peple.
My mther and I cntinue using ur ntebks as a way f cmmunicating. We knw that n matter hw we feel abut each ther, ur ntebks are a safe place t express ur feelings. We have cme t an agreement that we write “I lve yu” at the end f each letter.
5. The authr saw pain, ________ and disappintment n his mther’s face.
A. angerB. fearC. happinessD. humr
6. What did they d after they finished writing?
A. They went t a restaurant.B. They clsed their ntebks.
C. They went fr a walk.D. They exchanged their ntebks.
7. Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. The ntebks are nt a safe place t express their feeling.
B. They agreed t have lunch tgether the next day.
C. They discussed their feelings after finishing reading.
D. The mther was laughing while her sn was writing.
8. Accrding t the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. we can nly use ntebks t write dwn ur feelings
B. we need t cmmunicate with ur parents mre ften
C. it’s a gd habit t write letters
D. we shuld spend mre time with ur parents
3
Mr. and Mrs. Smith have just pened a small restaurant. In rder t attract custmers, they put a ntice in frnt f the restaurant, which said “Meals n the Huse fr Three Days.”
A freign student wh didn’t knw English happened t pass by the restaurant n the secnd day. It was lunchtime and he felt very hungry. “Well, here is a restaurant. I am ging t have smething t eat.” He walked twards the restaurant when he saw the ntice. “American peple are really strange. They even eat dinners n the huse! But hw can I get up t the tp f the huse?” he said t himself.
He lked arund and fund a ladder against a tree nearby. He was very glad. But as he reached the tp he heard smene shuting at him. “Hey, what are yu ding up there?”
Mr. Smith was lking at him angrily and beside him was a pliceman.
“Desn’t yur ntice say ‘Meals n the huse fr Three Days’? Is it just a jke?” the freign student answered.
On hearing this, bth Mr. Smith and the pliceman laughed. “D yu knw what ‘ON THE HOUSE’ means? Lk it up in the dictinary,” the pliceman suggested.
9. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are the ________ f the small restaurant.
A. wnersB. servantsC. neighbrsD. cks
10. The student passed by the restaurant when he ________.
A. learned sme EnglishB. arrived in AmericaC. felt very hungryD. saw a pliceman
11. The stry happened in ________.
A. EnglandB. AustraliaC. CanadaD. America
12. The underlined phrase “Meals n the Huse” means yu can ________.
A. take fd awayB. eat withut paying
C. serve meals n the huseD. ck meals in the huse
4
Tday, we’ll lk at a stry abut a street musician and a hmeless cat in the bk A Street Cat Named Bb. It is abut hw James Bwen and his cat, Bb, fund hpe n the streets f Lndn.
James Bwen is a street artist wh busks (街头卖艺) arund Cvent Garden in Lndn. It smetimes pays well, but nt always. When Bwen finds Bb n his balcny (阳台), injured and hungry, he wants t help. James already has truble feeding himself. Sill, James decides t nurse Bb back t health.
One day, Bb fllws James t Cvent Garden. He attracts lts f peple. They stp and listen t Bwen’s sngs. Bwen earns mre mney that evening than he usually gets in a whle day. Bb and Bwen have many wnderful adventures, althugh there are many hard days as well.
This bk is an autbigraphy (自传), written by James Bwen himself. I like autbigraphies. They tell yu mre abut what the persn is feeling, rather than nly describing facts. In A Street Cat Named Bb, Bwen nt nly tells yu abut his life with Bb, but als tells yu abut his experiences befre, such as his parents’ divrce (离婚) and his pr lnely life. The language is simple, s it is easy t read.
13. What is A Street Cat Named Bb abut?
A. The life f a hmeless cat.B. The lives f buskers.
C. The stry f James Bwen and his cat.D. The lives f peple in Lndn.
14. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A. What Bwen and Bb experience tgether.
B. Hw wnderful their adventures are.
C. What difficulties they have in Cvent Garden.
D. Hw much mney Bb and Bwen earn tgether.
15. What d we knw frm the last paragraph?
A. James Bwen came frm a happy family.
B. Readers can learn many difficult wrds frm the bk.
C. The cat had many feelings.
D. A Street Cat Named Bb tells a true stry.
二、完形填空
After saying gdbye t my mm, I started ff t schl. My hme was nt far frm schl, s I liked ging t schl ____16____. Then I saw an ld wman hlding a huge bag walking in frnt f me. I thught that it must be ____17____ fr her t carry such a huge bag, s I mved twards her and helped her carry the bag up t her hme.
She gave me a pleasant smile and said, “Thank yu, my child.” This made me ____18____ very happy.
While crssing a park ____19____ my way t schl, I saw tw lvely squirrels (松鼠) fighting ver a nut n a tree. That was quite ____20____ . It wasn’t until ne f them ran away that I realized I shuld g. At the crssing, I turned left and ____21____ minutes later, I saw a river with tw swans (天鹅). ____22____ beautiful swans! They ____23____ happily in the river. I mved ver t the river and lked clsely. The water was s clear ____24____ I culd see what was under it. I ffered a piece f biscuit t ne f the swans. I mved my hands ver its feather (羽毛) and felt the sftness. I was abut t give it ____25____ piece f biscuit, thugh it swam away. I kept n walking and a few minutes later, I arrived near my schl. I smiled and went inside.
16. A. by bikeB. n ftC. by subwayD. n the schl bus
17. A. easyB. gdC. difficultD. cnvenient
18. A. feelB. feelsC. feltD. t feel
19. A. tB. nC. inD. f
20. A. funB. terribleC. bringD. ppular
21. A. fewB. littleC. a fewD. a little
22. A. HwB. WhatC. Hw aD. What a
23. A. swimB. swamC. are swimmingD. were swimming
24. A. tB. whC. thatD. which
25. A. therB. thersC. the thersD. anther
三、短文填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
One night, ur car ____26____ (break) by a thief. Even wrse, all f the things in the car were missing including my schlbag. There was my drawing bard, schl textbks and ntebks in it. I was really sad.
I had t g t schl ____27____ nthing the next day. My teacher, Miss Taylr, was very kind t me. She gave me ____28____ new drawing bard after I tld her what ____29____ (happen). She als handed me sme crayns.
I didn’t start t draw anything yet, smething even ____30____ (gd) happened. Miss Taylr ____31____ (receive) a call frm the ffice. After she put dwn the phne, she said with ____32____ (excite), “Helen, a miracle(奇迹)has happened! Smene fund yur bag!”
I ran t the ffice ____33____ (get) my schlbag. When I pened it, I saw all my things were still inside. A teacher in the ffice said, “Yu are ____34____ (luck). A cuple fund yur schlbag n the side f the rad, and they fund the address n yur drawing bard. S they brught the bag t schl just nw.”
It shws that there are lts f peple _____35_____ are kind. There is n need fr us t lse faith just because f ne bad apple. The wrld is still s beautiful.
四、书面表达
36. "与人为善"是中华民族的传统美德。与人为善就是以善意的态度对待他人, 帮助他人。善待他人,乐于助人也能让自己的心情保持愉悦。
某英文网站正在开展以"与人为善"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请用英文写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你对与人为善的看法,曾经与人为善的经历以及你的感受。
提示词语:virtue(美德）,kind, imprtant, help, imprve, happy
提示问题:
●What d yu think f being kind t thers?
●What did yu d?
●Hw did yu feel?
参考答案
一、
1
【答案与详解】本文介绍了一个人制作了一个能说话并能称重的机器，他想试用这台机器，将机器放在了一个车站的候车室内，机器对三个人进行了测量和描述，并作出评价。
1. 细节理解题。根据“A man made a nice talking machine. It culd weigh peple.”翻译为“一个人做了一台漂亮的会说话的机器。它可以称人的体重。”，可知这种机器可以跟人对话并称出体重。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据“He put the machine int the waiting rm f a statin.”可知这个人先把机器放在了车站的候车室。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据“Yur weight is 72 kils.That’s three kils mre. If yu eat mre fruit and vegetables, yu will be sn all right. Wish yu a nice day.” 可知这个机器说这位印度女士有点胖。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据“The third ne t use the machine was a very fat American wman.”以及“But as sn as she std n the machine, the machine spke quickly in English,“Gd mrning.Will ne f yu get ff?”.”，可推断出这位美国人太重, 相当于两个人的体重。故选B。
2
【答案与详解】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我和母亲用“写下我们的感受”的方式化解了矛盾的故事。告诉我们要更多地与父母沟通，相互理解。
5. 细节理解题。根据“When I returned hme at night, I saw all the pain, anger and disappintment n my mther’s face.”可知，作者看到了他母亲脸上的痛苦、愤怒和失望。故选A。
6. 细节理解题。根据“After we finished writing, we exchanged ur ntebks.”可知，他们写完后，交换了笔记本。故选D。
7. 细节理解题。根据“When we finished reading, we discussed ur feelings.”可知，C选项“他们读完后讨论了自己的感受。”表述正确。故选C。
8. 推理判断题。根据“Finally, it felt like all the anger inside me went away frm my bdy. Our talk helped me realize s many things I had never thught f befre, nt nly abut my mther but als abut ther peple.”可知，根据这篇文章, 我们可以了解到我们需要更多地与父母沟通。故选B。
3
【答案与详解】本文主要讲述了一个不太懂英语的学生看到一则“三天免费用餐”的广告，误以为是在房子上面用餐而闹出了笑话的故事。
9. 细节理解题。根据“Mr. and Mrs. Smith have just pened a small restaurant.”可知，史密斯夫妇是这家小餐馆的店主。故选A。
10. 细节理解题。根据“A freign student wh didn’t knw English happened t pass by the restaurant n the secnd day. It was lunchtime and he felt very hungry.”可知，学生路过饭店时，正好是午饭时间，他很饿。故选C。
11. 推理判断题。根据“American peple are really strange. They even eat dinners n the huse!”可推知，故事发生在美国。故选D。
12. 词句猜测题。根据“In rder t attract custmers, they put a ntice in frnt f the restaurant, which said ‘Meals n the Huse fr Three Days.’ ”可知，为了吸引顾客，他们在餐厅前贴了一张告示，上面写着“本店免费用餐三日”；因此“Meals n the Huse”的含义为“免费用餐”。故选B。
4
【答案与详解】本文介绍了《流浪猫鲍勃》这本书，讲述了詹姆斯·波文遇到了一只流浪猫，把它取名为鲍勃，之后他们在一起相依为命，并互相改变了对方的生活的故事。
13. 细节理解题。根据“... the bk A Street Cat Named Bb. It is abut hw James Bwen and his cat, Bb, fund hpe n the streets f Lndn.”可知，《流浪猫鲍勃》这本书是关于詹姆斯·波文和他的猫的故事。故选C。
14. 段落大意题。根据“Bb and Bwen have many wnderful adventures, althugh there are many hard days as well.”可整段可知，第三段主要介绍了波文和鲍勃在一起都经历了什么，他们有许多奇妙的冒险经历，也历经过许多艰难的日子。故选A。
15. 推理判断题。根据“This bk is an autbigraphy (自传), written by James Bwen himself.”和“In A Street Cat Named Bb, Bwen nt nly tells yu abut his life with Bb, but als”可知，《流浪猫鲍勃》这本书是詹姆斯·波文写的一本自传，里面不仅介绍了他和鲍勃的故事，还提起了之前的经历。由此推知，《流浪猫鲍勃》讲述的是一个真实的故事。故选D。
二、
【答案与详解】本文讲述的是一个小男孩在上学路上遇到的事情。
16. 句意：我的家离学校不远，所以我喜欢走着去上学。
by bike骑自行车；n ft步行；by subway乘地铁；n the schl bus在校车上。根据“ My hme was nt far frm schl...”可知，我家离学校不远，所以步行去学校就可以。故选B。
17. 句意：我认为对于她来说提如此大的一个包一定是困难的。
easy容易的；gd好的；difficult困难的；cnvenient便利的。根据“Then I saw an ld wman hlding a huge bag walking in frnt f me. ”可知，对老人来说提一个大包是困难的。故选C。
18. 句意：这使我感到非常开心。
feel是feel原形；feels是feel的单数第三人称形式；felt是feel的过去式；t feel是feel的不定式形式。make是使役动词，后面的动词要用动词原形。故选A。
19. 句意：当我在去学校的路上穿过一个公园时，我看见在一棵树上两只可爱的松鼠为一个坚果争吵。
t位于；n在上面；in在里面；的。在去的路上的短语是n the way t...，在去学校的路上是n the way t schl。故选B。
20. 句意：那是相当有趣的。
fun有趣的；terrible糟糕的；bring无聊的；ppular受欢迎的。根据“It wasn’t until ne f them ran away that I realized I shuld g.”和前文松鼠为了一个坚果吵架可知，是有趣的。故选A。
21. 句意：我左转，几分钟后，我看见河上有两只天鹅。
few很少的；little一点儿；a few几个；a little一点儿。根据“ minutes ”可知，前面要用a few。故选C。
22. 句意：多美丽的天鹅啊！
根据感叹句句型“What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!”可知，当空格处后面是形容词+可数名词复数时，空格处需要填what。故选B。
23. 句意：它们正在河里快乐地游泳。
swim是动词原形；swam是swim的过去式。根据后句“mved”可知，这篇文章是过去时，过去的时候“她”看到它们在河里正快乐地游泳。所以用过去进行时。故选D。
24. 句意：水是如此的清澈的以至于我可以看见在它下面是什么。
t位于；wh谁；that那；which哪一个。根据 如此以至于的用法可知，空格处要填that。故选C。
25. 句意：我刚要给它另一块饼干，它却游走了。
ther其他的；thers其他人；the thers其余的；anther另一的。根据后面的“piece”可知，她要给天鹅另一块饼干。故选D。
三、
26. was brken
27. with
28. a
29. had happened
30. better
31. received
32. excitement
33. t get
34. 1uck
35. wh
【详解】本人是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者的小汽车被小偷弄坏后，他的东西包括书包，绘画板等都找不到了，后来有人找到了之后，按照绘画板上的地址电话通过学校找到了作者，作者欣喜若狂，因为作者丢失的东西全都在。说明了大部分人还是善良的，我们要心存善心，世界才会更美好。
26. 句意：一天晚上，我们的车被小偷弄坏了。根据后文的by可知，此处用被动语态，陈述过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was brken。
27. 句意：第二天我只好两手空空地去上学。根据前文内容可知，作者上学用的东西都找不到了，所以只能啥都不带去上学，with表示“带有”，故填with。
28. 句意：我把发生的事告诉她后，她给了我一个新的绘图板。空处修饰后文的new drawing bard，表示泛指，且new的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
29. 句意：我把发生的事告诉她后，她给了我一个新的绘图板。空处表示的动作发生在tld之前，即“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时，故填had happened。
30. 句意：我还没开始画什么，就发生了更好的事情。even修饰形容词的比较级，故填better。
31. 句意：泰勒小姐接到了一个来自办公室的电话。陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填received。
32. 句意：她放下电话后，激动地说。介词with后接名词，故填excitement。
33. 句意：我跑到办公室去拿书包。空处表示目的，所以用不定式，故填t get。
34. 句意：你很幸运。空处作表语，用名词，故填luck。
35. 句意：这表明有很多人是善良的。分析句子结构可知，该句为限制性定语从句，先行词是peple，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词wh，故填wh。
四、
【参考范文】
Being kind t thers is a traditinal virtue f Chinese peple.I think we shuld be kind t thers and it is very imprtant fr us. When I started middle schl, my friend Peter failed in the math exam. He was s sad that he wanted t give up. When I knew this, I encuraged him and gave him sme advice. Every day we did hmewrk tgether and I helped him when he was in truble. With my help he imprved a lt. I was very happy and prud.
Being kind t thers is a traditinal virtue f Chinese peple.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
考点复习
1
记叙文是以叙述为主要表达方式，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体。 记叙文是用来描述事物的文章.时间,人物,地点,起因,经过,结果是记叙文的6要素。记叙文写作，是把自己的亲身感受和经历，通过生动、形象的语言，描述给读者。 记叙文包括的范围很广，如记人记事：日记、游记、传说、新闻、通讯、小说等，都属于记叙文的范畴。记叙文写的是生活中的见闻，要表达出作者对于生活的真切感受。 总的说，以记叙和描写为主要表达方式的文章叫记叙文。 但记叙文写作,伴随自然流露的适当议论和抒情。
记叙文有广义与狭义之分。 广义的记叙文，包括记叙性的文学作品，如散文、小说等。 狭义的记叙文是指以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，对社会生活中的人、事、景、物的情态变化和发展进行叙述和描写的一类文章，常见的如消息、通讯、特写、报告文学、游记、日记、参观记、回忆录，以及一部分书信等。正因为记叙文写的是生活中的见闻，所以一定要表达出作者对于生活的真切感受。
记叙文的特点就是以记叙为主要表达方式，综合其他表达方式；以写人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容；通过描述人物、时间及状物、写景来表达一定的中心。
写作记叙文要做到一下几点：
第一，要交代明白。无论记人记事，还是写景状物，一般都要交代明白时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果，否则文章就不完整。
第二，线索清楚。虽然观察的角度、记述的方式可以不同，但每一篇文章都应当有一条关联材料、统贯全篇的中心线索，否则文章就会松散。
第三，人称要一致。无论用第一人称“我”记述，还是用第三人称“他”记述，都要通篇一贯，一般不宜随意转换，否则就容易造成混乱。
第四，时间，地点，人物，起因，经过，结果。
一、记叙文的分类
侧重写人的记叙文，以人物的外貌、语言、动作、心理描写为主。
侧重记事的记叙文，以叙述事情的发生、发展、经过和结果为重点。
侧重绘景的记叙文，以描绘景物、寄托情怀为主。
侧重状物的记叙文，以状物为主，借象征抒怀。
二、记叙文的特征
记叙文是记人叙事的文章，它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所说的五个" W "( what, wh, when, where, why )和一个" H "( hw )。记叙文的重点在于"述说"和"描写"，因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚，描写生动形象。
1. 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过"我"来传达给读者，使人读后感到真实可信，如身临其境。如：
The ther day, I was driving alng the street. Suddenly, a car lst its cntrl and ran directly twards me fast. I was s frightened that I quickly turned t the left side. But it was t late. The car hit my bike and I fell ff it.
用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受"我"活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：
Little Tm was ging t schl with an umbrella, fr it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an ld wman walking in the rain with nthing t cver. Tm went up t the ld wman and wanted t share the umbrella with her, but he was t shrt. What culd he d? Then he had a gd idea.
2. 动词的时态
在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3. 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。
4. 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如：
In my summer hlidays, I did a lt f things. Apart frm ding my hmewrk, reading an English nvel, watching TV and ding sme husewrk, I went n a trip t Qingda. It is really a beautiful city. There are many places f interest t see. But what impressed me mst was the sunrise.
The next mrning I gt up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I gt t the beach, the cluds n the hrizn were turning red. In a little while, a small part f the sun was gradually appearing. The sun was very red, nt shining. It rse slwly. At last it brke thrugh the red cluds and jumped abve the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the cluds and the sea water became red and bright.
What a mving and unfrgettable scene!
5. 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述，可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态，使记叙生动、有趣，使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果：
I was in the kitchen, and I was cking smething. Suddenly I heard a lud nise frm the frnt. I thught maybe smene was kncking the dr. I asked wh it was but I heard n reply. After a while I saw my cat running acrss the parlr. I realized it was the cat. I felt released.
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字，但经作者这么一写，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式，没有人物语言，把"悬念"给冲淡了。可作如下调整：
I was in the kitchen cking smething. "Crash!" a lud nise came frm the frnt. Thinking smene was kncking at the dr, I asked, "Wh?" N reply. After a while, I saw my cat running acrss the parlr. "Its yu." I said, quite released.
三、记叙文的命题特点（以阅读理解为例）
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
记叙文常见的命题类型如下：
1.主旨大意题
文章主旨给出的四种形式:文首,文中,文尾,没有明确主旨,需总结。虽然作者表达主题思想的方式不同，但命题常用的提问方式有以下几种：
What’s the main idea/subject/tpic f the passage?
The main idea f the passage is…
The passage is mainly abut_____.
Which f the fllwing statements best expresses the main idea f the passage?
The best title fr the passage is/ might be____.
The authr’s main purpse f writing this passage is____.
做题要领：文章主旨通常会出现在文首,文中或文尾，因此寻找主题句或主题段往往是做好此类题的键。但当文中没有直接出现主题句，应对文章意思全面理解后归纳概括主旨，但不能太笼统即不切主题,言过其实或以偏概全。
2.细节理解题
这类题目是针对文章的具体事实和细节而出,因此通常能在文章中直接或间接地找到答案.此类要求查找重要事实和细节的试题通常以下列形式提出：
Which f the fllwing statements is (nt) true accrding t the passage?
Which f the fllwing is (nt) discussed/Mentined in the passage?
Accrding t the passage, what/where/
Which/wh/why/when/hw…?
All f the fllwing are (nt) true / mentined / discussed except_________.
Hw des the authr/writer feel abut___?
3.词义／语义判断题
这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种：
Accrding t the authr, the underlined wrd”…” means____.
Frm the passage, we can infer that the wrd”…”is___.
“…” can be best replaced by___.
What des the authr prbably mean by”…”?
By”…”, the authr means that___
做此类题时，应在文中找线索或信息词。根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。根据周围熟悉的词及语义判断新单词之意，有时还需依靠构词法。
4.推断题
以原文内容为前提,透过现象看本质即透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思。根据作者的观点理论客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。
推断题的常见形式：
It can be inferred / cncluded frm the text that____.
Frm the text we knw that ______.
The passage implies that ______.
The paragraph fllwing the passage will mst prbably discusses______.
解推断题的方法：解推断题最主要的方法是根据语义关系推断具体细节。
5. 观点态度题
回答这类问题应从篇章的体裁入手.一般来说,在说明文中作者的态度是客观的或中立的;在议论文中,作者的态度才会显得多种多样. 可以根据阐述主题或有关主题的相关语句或词语确定作者的态度。
常见的态度词语有:psitive/supprt/apprval(赞同的/ptimisticcritical/negative/tlerant/disappinted/pessimistic(悲观的) /indifferent(冷淡的)/dubtfulNeutral(中立的）/bjective(客观的）
这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种:
What’s the authr’s/writer’s attitude t…?
The authr thinks/suggests/believes that___.
Hw des the authr feel abut…?
Which f the fllwing will the authr agree / disagree with?
Which f the fllwing can best describe the authr’s attitude twards…?
四、记叙文的解题技巧
记叙文讲述的是发生在当前或过去或将来事情的经过。简而言之，记叙文就是讲故事，包括人物或故事情节。常见的记叙文根据其用途可分为文学记叙文和说明记叙文：文学记叙文以虚构为主，如趣闻逸事、传说、寓言、传奇故事、短篇小说、科幻小说等；说明记叙文以事实为依据，包括历史、传记、新闻报道、日记等。无论哪一种记叙文作者都要交代何人何时何地为什么、怎么样、干了何事等等，这也就是我们常说的“5Ws and 1H”。这是我们在阅读记叙文时要首先了解的，接着按照线索弄清事情的来龙去脉，就能理解整个故事。
特别值得注意的是：记叙文的叙事顺序有顺叙和倒叙两种，有时候作者为了吸引读者会采用倒叙的方法，即不按照事情发展的先后顺序来叙述，而是从最重要、最能引人入胜的事件开始，然后再回过头来追叙故事的开端和经过。阅读时要学会从事情本身的发展去理解故事情节而不要只看事件在文中出现的先后位置。
另外，讲故事必定有其目的：或证明某一理论，或阐明某一概念，或赞美某种美德，或谴责某种罪恶等等。我们在阅读时要通过作者的重要细节描写联系故事情节去领会作者的意图，对作者重墨泼就的细节描写要重点关注。 概括起来一句话：读记叙文的关键是抓情节。 抓住了故事情节，就理解了文章的脉络，其他的就迎刃而解了。
要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。
1.关注细节
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, wh, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
2.注重联系
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
3.读懂表象
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred frm …?”或是What des the authr imply in…?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
4.挖掘意义
每年的中考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在中考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
【典例示例】
Cmpassin is a desire within us t help thers．With effrt, we can translate cmpassin int actin．An experience last weekend shwed me this is true．I wrk part-time in a supermarket acrss frm a building fr the elderly．These ld peple are ur main custmers, and it’s nt hard t lse patience ver their slwness．But last Sunday, ne aged gentleman appeared t teach me a valuable lessn．This untidy man walked up t my register(收款机) with a bx f biscuits．He said he was ut f cash(现金), had just mved int his rm, and had nthing in his cupbards．He asked if we culd let him have the fd n trust．He prmised t repay me the next day．
I culdn’t help staring at him．I wndered what kind f persn he had been ten r twenty years befre, and what he wuld be like if luck had gne his way．I had a hurt in my heart fr this kind f human sul, all alne in the wrld．I tld him that I was srry, but stre rules didn’t allw me t d s．I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my jb．
Just then, anther man, standing behind the first, spke up．If anything, he lked mre pitiable．“Charge it t me,” was all he said．
What I had been feeling was pity．Pity is sft and safe and easy．Cmpassin, n the ther hand, is caring in actin．I thanked the secnd man but tld him that was nt allwed either．Then I reached int my pcket and paid fr the biscuits myself．I reached int my pcket because these tw men had reached int my heart and taught me cmpassin.
详解：故事采用顺叙的叙事方法，主要情节发展如下：One aged gentleman begged me t have the fd n trust and prmised t repay the next day.---- I tld him the stre rules didn’t allw me t d s.---- Anther man wanted me t charge the fd t him.----I paid fr the biscuits myself. 作者用第一人称讲述自己亲身经历的这段故事，让人觉得亲切可信，同时也增强了文章的感染力。作者说自己通过这段故事学会了cmpassin（同情），事实上也是在号召读者多伸出同情之手，共建和谐社会。
能力强化
2
一、阅读理解
1
A man made a nice talking machine. It culd weigh peple. The man wanted t try the machine befre he culd make a lt f these kinds f machines. He put the machine int the waiting rm f a statin. There were always lts f peple in and ut there.
The first ne began t use the machine. It was an Indian wman. When she std n the machine, the machine thught fr a few minutes t decide which language it shuld speak. “Gd mrning, mam,” it said in Indian, “Yur weight is 72 kils. That’s three kils mre. If yu eat mre fruit and vegetables, yu will be sn all right. Wish yu a nice day.”
The secnd ne wh used the machine was a nice Chinese girl. She std n the machine and waited t hear her weight. “Gd mrning, Miss.” the machine said in Chinese. “Yur weight is 45 kils. It’s all right fr yur age and height. G n t eat what yu eat every day. Wish yu a nice day.”
The third ne t use the machine was a very fat American wman. She thught fr a lng time befre standing n the machine. But as sn as she std n the machine, the machine spke quickly in English,“Gd mrning.Will ne f yu get ff?”.
1. The nice talking machine culd ________.
A. tell peple what they shuld eatB. weigh and talk t peple
C. tell peple hw ld they areD. tell a stry
2. First the man put his machine ________.
A. in the dctr’s waiting rmB. in a museum
C. in a statinD. in a train
3. What did the machine tell the Indian wman ________?
A. She was a little lighter.B. She was just all right.
C. She needed t eat mre and excise mre.D. She was a little bit heavy.
4. The machine said quickly “Will ne f yu get ff?” because ________.
A. tw peple were n itB. the third wman was t fat
C. smething was wrng with itD. the machine didn’t knw where the third
2
I fund it hard t cmmunicate with my mther. Relatins between us became difficult.
One day I ran away frm hme and stayed utside fr a few hurs. When I returned hme at night, I saw all the pain, anger and disappintment n my mther’s face.We knew that we were in great need f talk. We agreed t have breakfast tgether the next mrning. In the end, we decided t g t a restaurant.
On ur way t the restaurant I nticed my mther had tw ntebks. I asked her what they were used fr. She explained t me that smetimes it was easier t write dwn ur feelings than talking abut them. We shuld write dwn ur feelings.
Our first tpic was “Why am I s angry? ” I wrte a half page, and my mm filled up nearly three pages. I saw the tears run dwn her face while she was writing. I never realized anyne culd hide s much anger. After we finished writing, we exchanged ur ntebks. As sn as I started reading my mther’s wrds. I began t cry and s did she. When we finished reading, we discussed ur feelings. Finally, it felt like all the anger inside me went away frm my bdy. Our talk helped me realize s many things I had never thught f befre, nt nly abut my mther but als abut ther peple.
My mther and I cntinue using ur ntebks as a way f cmmunicating. We knw that n matter hw we feel abut each ther, ur ntebks are a safe place t express ur feelings. We have cme t an agreement that we write “I lve yu” at the end f each letter.
5. The authr saw pain, ________ and disappintment n his mther’s face.
A. angerB. fearC. happinessD. humr
6. What did they d after they finished writing?
A. They went t a restaurant.B. They clsed their ntebks.
C. They went fr a walk.D. They exchanged their ntebks.
7. Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. The ntebks are nt a safe place t express their feeling.
B. They agreed t have lunch tgether the next day.
C. They discussed their feelings after finishing reading.
D. The mther was laughing while her sn was writing.
8. Accrding t the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. we can nly use ntebks t write dwn ur feelings
B. we need t cmmunicate with ur parents mre ften
C. it’s a gd habit t write letters
D. we shuld spend mre time with ur parents
3
Mr. and Mrs. Smith have just pened a small restaurant. In rder t attract custmers, they put a ntice in frnt f the restaurant, which said “Meals n the Huse fr Three Days.”
A freign student wh didn’t knw English happened t pass by the restaurant n the secnd day. It was lunchtime and he felt very hungry. “Well, here is a restaurant. I am ging t have smething t eat.” He walked twards the restaurant when he saw the ntice. “American peple are really strange. They even eat dinners n the huse! But hw can I get up t the tp f the huse?” he said t himself.
He lked arund and fund a ladder against a tree nearby. He was very glad. But as he reached the tp he heard smene shuting at him. “Hey, what are yu ding up there?”
Mr. Smith was lking at him angrily and beside him was a pliceman.
“Desn’t yur ntice say ‘Meals n the huse fr Three Days’? Is it just a jke?” the freign student answered.
On hearing this, bth Mr. Smith and the pliceman laughed. “D yu knw what ‘ON THE HOUSE’ means? Lk it up in the dictinary,” the pliceman suggested.
9. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are the ________ f the small restaurant.
A. wnersB. servantsC. neighbrsD. cks
10. The student passed by the restaurant when he ________.
A. learned sme EnglishB. arrived in AmericaC. felt very hungryD. saw a pliceman
11. The stry happened in ________.
A. EnglandB. AustraliaC. CanadaD. America
12. The underlined phrase “Meals n the Huse” means yu can ________.
A. take fd awayB. eat withut paying
C. serve meals n the huseD. ck meals in the huse
4
Tday, we’ll lk at a stry abut a street musician and a hmeless cat in the bk A Street Cat Named Bb. It is abut hw James Bwen and his cat, Bb, fund hpe n the streets f Lndn.
James Bwen is a street artist wh busks (街头卖艺) arund Cvent Garden in Lndn. It smetimes pays well, but nt always. When Bwen finds Bb n his balcny (阳台), injured and hungry, he wants t help. James already has truble feeding himself. Sill, James decides t nurse Bb back t health.
One day, Bb fllws James t Cvent Garden. He attracts lts f peple. They stp and listen t Bwen’s sngs. Bwen earns mre mney that evening than he usually gets in a whle day. Bb and Bwen have many wnderful adventures, althugh there are many hard days as well.
This bk is an autbigraphy (自传), written by James Bwen himself. I like autbigraphies. They tell yu mre abut what the persn is feeling, rather than nly describing facts. In A Street Cat Named Bb, Bwen nt nly tells yu abut his life with Bb, but als tells yu abut his experiences befre, such as his parents’ divrce (离婚) and his pr lnely life. The language is simple, s it is easy t read.
13. What is A Street Cat Named Bb abut?
A. The life f a hmeless cat.B. The lives f buskers.
C. The stry f James Bwen and his cat.D. The lives f peple in Lndn.
14. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A. What Bwen and Bb experience tgether.
B. Hw wnderful their adventures are.
C. What difficulties they have in Cvent Garden.
D. Hw much mney Bb and Bwen earn tgether.
15. What d we knw frm the last paragraph?
A. James Bwen came frm a happy family.
B. Readers can learn many difficult wrds frm the bk.
C. The cat had many feelings.
D. A Street Cat Named Bb tells a true stry.
二、完形填空
After saying gdbye t my mm, I started ff t schl. My hme was nt far frm schl, s I liked ging t schl ____16____. Then I saw an ld wman hlding a huge bag walking in frnt f me. I thught that it must be ____17____ fr her t carry such a huge bag, s I mved twards her and helped her carry the bag up t her hme.
She gave me a pleasant smile and said, “Thank yu, my child.” This made me ____18____ very happy.
While crssing a park ____19____ my way t schl, I saw tw lvely squirrels (松鼠) fighting ver a nut n a tree. That was quite ____20____ . It wasn’t until ne f them ran away that I realized I shuld g. At the crssing, I turned left and ____21____ minutes later, I saw a river with tw swans (天鹅). ____22____ beautiful swans! They ____23____ happily in the river. I mved ver t the river and lked clsely. The water was s clear ____24____ I culd see what was under it. I ffered a piece f biscuit t ne f the swans. I mved my hands ver its feather (羽毛) and felt the sftness. I was abut t give it ____25____ piece f biscuit, thugh it swam away. I kept n walking and a few minutes later, I arrived near my schl. I smiled and went inside.
16. A. by bikeB. n ftC. by subwayD. n the schl bus
17. A. easyB. gdC. difficultD. cnvenient
18. A. feelB. feelsC. feltD. t feel
19. A. tB. nC. inD. f
20. A. funB. terribleC. bringD. ppular
21. A. fewB. littleC. a fewD. a little
22. A. HwB. WhatC. Hw aD. What a
23. A. swimB. swamC. are swimmingD. were swimming
24. A. tB. whC. thatD. which
25. A. therB. thersC. the thersD. anther
三、短文填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
One night, ur car ____26____ (break) by a thief. Even wrse, all f the things in the car were missing including my schlbag. There was my drawing bard, schl textbks and ntebks in it. I was really sad.
I had t g t schl ____27____ nthing the next day. My teacher, Miss Taylr, was very kind t me. She gave me ____28____ new drawing bard after I tld her what ____29____ (happen). She als handed me sme crayns.
I didn’t start t draw anything yet, smething even ____30____ (gd) happened. Miss Taylr ____31____ (receive) a call frm the ffice. After she put dwn the phne, she said with ____32____ (excite), “Helen, a miracle(奇迹)has happened! Smene fund yur bag!”
I ran t the ffice ____33____ (get) my schlbag. When I pened it, I saw all my things were still inside. A teacher in the ffice said, “Yu are ____34____ (luck). A cuple fund yur schlbag n the side f the rad, and they fund the address n yur drawing bard. S they brught the bag t schl just nw.”
It shws that there are lts f peple _____35_____ are kind. There is n need fr us t lse faith just because f ne bad apple. The wrld is still s beautiful.
四、书面表达
36. "与人为善"是中华民族的传统美德。与人为善就是以善意的态度对待他人, 帮助他人。善待他人,乐于助人也能让自己的心情保持愉悦。
某英文网站正在开展以"与人为善"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请用英文写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你对与人为善的看法,曾经与人为善的经历以及你的感受。
提示词语:virtue(美德）,kind, imprtant, help, imprve, happy
提示问题:
●What d yu think f being kind t thers?
●What did yu d?
●Hw did yu feel?
参考答案
一、
1
【答案与详解】本文介绍了一个人制作了一个能说话并能称重的机器，他想试用这台机器，将机器放在了一个车站的候车室内，机器对三个人进行了测量和描述，并作出评价。
1. 细节理解题。根据“A man made a nice talking machine. It culd weigh peple.”翻译为“一个人做了一台漂亮的会说话的机器。它可以称人的体重。”，可知这种机器可以跟人对话并称出体重。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据“He put the machine int the waiting rm f a statin.”可知这个人先把机器放在了车站的候车室。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据“Yur weight is 72 kils.That’s three kils mre. If yu eat mre fruit and vegetables, yu will be sn all right. Wish yu a nice day.” 可知这个机器说这位印度女士有点胖。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据“The third ne t use the machine was a very fat American wman.”以及“But as sn as she std n the machine, the machine spke quickly in English,“Gd mrning.Will ne f yu get ff?”.”，可推断出这位美国人太重, 相当于两个人的体重。故选B。
2
【答案与详解】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我和母亲用“写下我们的感受”的方式化解了矛盾的故事。告诉我们要更多地与父母沟通，相互理解。
5. 细节理解题。根据“When I returned hme at night, I saw all the pain, anger and disappintment n my mther’s face.”可知，作者看到了他母亲脸上的痛苦、愤怒和失望。故选A。
6. 细节理解题。根据“After we finished writing, we exchanged ur ntebks.”可知，他们写完后，交换了笔记本。故选D。
7. 细节理解题。根据“When we finished reading, we discussed ur feelings.”可知，C选项“他们读完后讨论了自己的感受。”表述正确。故选C。
8. 推理判断题。根据“Finally, it felt like all the anger inside me went away frm my bdy. Our talk helped me realize s many things I had never thught f befre, nt nly abut my mther but als abut ther peple.”可知，根据这篇文章, 我们可以了解到我们需要更多地与父母沟通。故选B。
3
【答案与详解】本文主要讲述了一个不太懂英语的学生看到一则“三天免费用餐”的广告，误以为是在房子上面用餐而闹出了笑话的故事。
9. 细节理解题。根据“Mr. and Mrs. Smith have just pened a small restaurant.”可知，史密斯夫妇是这家小餐馆的店主。故选A。
10. 细节理解题。根据“A freign student wh didn’t knw English happened t pass by the restaurant n the secnd day. It was lunchtime and he felt very hungry.”可知，学生路过饭店时，正好是午饭时间，他很饿。故选C。
11. 推理判断题。根据“American peple are really strange. They even eat dinners n the huse!”可推知，故事发生在美国。故选D。
12. 词句猜测题。根据“In rder t attract custmers, they put a ntice in frnt f the restaurant, which said ‘Meals n the Huse fr Three Days.’ ”可知，为了吸引顾客，他们在餐厅前贴了一张告示，上面写着“本店免费用餐三日”；因此“Meals n the Huse”的含义为“免费用餐”。故选B。
4
【答案与详解】本文介绍了《流浪猫鲍勃》这本书，讲述了詹姆斯·波文遇到了一只流浪猫，把它取名为鲍勃，之后他们在一起相依为命，并互相改变了对方的生活的故事。
13. 细节理解题。根据“... the bk A Street Cat Named Bb. It is abut hw James Bwen and his cat, Bb, fund hpe n the streets f Lndn.”可知，《流浪猫鲍勃》这本书是关于詹姆斯·波文和他的猫的故事。故选C。
14. 段落大意题。根据“Bb and Bwen have many wnderful adventures, althugh there are many hard days as well.”可整段可知，第三段主要介绍了波文和鲍勃在一起都经历了什么，他们有许多奇妙的冒险经历，也历经过许多艰难的日子。故选A。
15. 推理判断题。根据“This bk is an autbigraphy (自传), written by James Bwen himself.”和“In A Street Cat Named Bb, Bwen nt nly tells yu abut his life with Bb, but als”可知，《流浪猫鲍勃》这本书是詹姆斯·波文写的一本自传，里面不仅介绍了他和鲍勃的故事，还提起了之前的经历。由此推知，《流浪猫鲍勃》讲述的是一个真实的故事。故选D。
二、
【答案与详解】本文讲述的是一个小男孩在上学路上遇到的事情。
16. 句意：我的家离学校不远，所以我喜欢走着去上学。
by bike骑自行车；n ft步行；by subway乘地铁；n the schl bus在校车上。根据“ My hme was nt far frm schl...”可知，我家离学校不远，所以步行去学校就可以。故选B。
17. 句意：我认为对于她来说提如此大的一个包一定是困难的。
easy容易的；gd好的；difficult困难的；cnvenient便利的。根据“Then I saw an ld wman hlding a huge bag walking in frnt f me. ”可知，对老人来说提一个大包是困难的。故选C。
18. 句意：这使我感到非常开心。
feel是feel原形；feels是feel的单数第三人称形式；felt是feel的过去式；t feel是feel的不定式形式。make是使役动词，后面的动词要用动词原形。故选A。
19. 句意：当我在去学校的路上穿过一个公园时，我看见在一棵树上两只可爱的松鼠为一个坚果争吵。
t位于；n在上面；in在里面；的。在去的路上的短语是n the way t...，在去学校的路上是n the way t schl。故选B。
20. 句意：那是相当有趣的。
fun有趣的；terrible糟糕的；bring无聊的；ppular受欢迎的。根据“It wasn’t until ne f them ran away that I realized I shuld g.”和前文松鼠为了一个坚果吵架可知，是有趣的。故选A。
21. 句意：我左转，几分钟后，我看见河上有两只天鹅。
few很少的；little一点儿；a few几个；a little一点儿。根据“ minutes ”可知，前面要用a few。故选C。
22. 句意：多美丽的天鹅啊！
根据感叹句句型“What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!”可知，当空格处后面是形容词+可数名词复数时，空格处需要填what。故选B。
23. 句意：它们正在河里快乐地游泳。
swim是动词原形；swam是swim的过去式。根据后句“mved”可知，这篇文章是过去时，过去的时候“她”看到它们在河里正快乐地游泳。所以用过去进行时。故选D。
24. 句意：水是如此的清澈的以至于我可以看见在它下面是什么。
t位于；wh谁；that那；which哪一个。根据 如此以至于的用法可知，空格处要填that。故选C。
25. 句意：我刚要给它另一块饼干，它却游走了。
ther其他的；thers其他人；the thers其余的；anther另一的。根据后面的“piece”可知，她要给天鹅另一块饼干。故选D。
三、
26. was brken
27. with
28. a
29. had happened
30. better
31. received
32. excitement
33. t get
34. 1uck
35. wh
【详解】本人是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者的小汽车被小偷弄坏后，他的东西包括书包，绘画板等都找不到了，后来有人找到了之后，按照绘画板上的地址电话通过学校找到了作者，作者欣喜若狂，因为作者丢失的东西全都在。说明了大部分人还是善良的，我们要心存善心，世界才会更美好。
26. 句意：一天晚上，我们的车被小偷弄坏了。根据后文的by可知，此处用被动语态，陈述过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was brken。
27. 句意：第二天我只好两手空空地去上学。根据前文内容可知，作者上学用的东西都找不到了，所以只能啥都不带去上学，with表示“带有”，故填with。
28. 句意：我把发生的事告诉她后，她给了我一个新的绘图板。空处修饰后文的new drawing bard，表示泛指，且new的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
29. 句意：我把发生的事告诉她后，她给了我一个新的绘图板。空处表示的动作发生在tld之前，即“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时，故填had happened。
30. 句意：我还没开始画什么，就发生了更好的事情。even修饰形容词的比较级，故填better。
31. 句意：泰勒小姐接到了一个来自办公室的电话。陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填received。
32. 句意：她放下电话后，激动地说。介词with后接名词，故填excitement。
33. 句意：我跑到办公室去拿书包。空处表示目的，所以用不定式，故填t get。
34. 句意：你很幸运。空处作表语，用名词，故填luck。
35. 句意：这表明有很多人是善良的。分析句子结构可知，该句为限制性定语从句，先行词是peple，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词wh，故填wh。
四、
【参考范文】
Being kind t thers is a traditinal virtue f Chinese peple.I think we shuld be kind t thers and it is very imprtant fr us. When I started middle schl, my friend Peter failed in the math exam. He was s sad that he wanted t give up. When I knew this, I encuraged him and gave him sme advice. Every day we did hmewrk tgether and I helped him when he was in truble. With my help he imprved a lt. I was very happy and prud.
Being kind t thers is a traditinal virtue f Chinese peple.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
相关试卷
中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习议论类语篇的特征及攻略 (含详解)： 这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习议论类语篇的特征及攻略 (含详解)，共28页。试卷主要包含了议论文的文体分析，议论文的语体特征，议论文的解读策略等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习说明类语篇的特征及攻略 (含详解)： 这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习说明类语篇的特征及攻略 (含详解)，共22页。试卷主要包含了说明文的行文特征，说明方法，科普说明文，说明文的命题方式，说明文的解题技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习时态要点精读与精练 (含详解)： 这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习时态要点精读与精练 (含详解)，共24页。试卷主要包含了 常用常考的动词时态和用法，一般将来时的特殊表达方式的比较，容易混淆的时态比较等内容，欢迎下载使用。
