所属成套资源:中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力 精读与精练 (含详解)
中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习定语从句要点精读与精练 (含详解)
展开
这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习定语从句要点精读与精练 (含详解),共18页。试卷主要包含了单项选择,短文填空等内容,欢迎下载使用。
考点复习
1
I. 定语从句引导词
定语从句起了形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用,二是在从句中担当一个成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。
II. that与which, wh, whm的用法区别
III. as、which和that的区别
注意:the way 做先行词时,定语从句可由that, in which 引导或不用引导词。
IV.定语从句与其它从句(句型)的区别
知识强化
2
一、单项选择
1. Culd yu tell me the result f the discussin ________ yu had made in the meeting just nw?
A. whB. whenC. hwD. that
2. As we all knw, a dctr is a persn ________ lks after peple’s health.
A. whB. whseC. whichD. whm
3. —The 5G technlgy can help dctrs treat patients ________ are hundreds f kilmeters away.
—It’s really amazing.
A. whatB. whmC. whseD. wh
4. —Lk! That is the wman ________ I met yesterday.
—Oh? She’s my aunt.
A. whatB. whmC. whereD. when
5. Is this the machine ________ can help the disabled peple?
A. whB. whichC. whatD. when
6. The man ________ is wearing a blue hat is my father.
A. whmB. whseC. whD. what
7. —D yu knw wh Su Bingtian is?
—Yes, he is a famus runner ________ set the new Asian recrd f 9.83 secnd in men’s 100-meter race at the 2020 Tky Olympics.
A. whB. whmC. whseD. which
8. — D yu knw the girl ________ is helping the ld wman?
— Oh, that’s my sister.
A. whmB. whseC. whD. which
9. We need a guide ________ can speak English well.
A. whichB. whC. whatD. whm
10. Have yu watched the mvie ________ is abut the aliens?
A. whB. whatC. whmD. which
11. It’s an rganizatin ________ can help pr children.
A. whB. whichC. whereD. when
12. Is this the girl _________ yu met yesterday?
A. whmB. whseC. whichD. what
13. We fllw ________ that car has left in the grass.
A. markB. markingC. the marksD. t mark
14. I’m ne f thse peple ________ must leave hmetwns fr the big cities where they wrk.
A. whichB. whmC. whD. whse
15. —We teenager shuld lk up t the heres _______ try t prtect ur cuntry.
—I think s.
A. whatB. whichC. whD. whse
16. — Have yu heard f Chen Xiangrng frm Pingnan, Fujian Prvince?
— Yes, he is a her _________ guarded ur natin.
A. whatB. whC. whmD. which
17. —Have yu watched the TV play “Like a Flwing River”?
—Yes. It’s the mst ppular TV play ________ makes peple knw abut the refrm and pening-up plicy.
A. whereB. thatC. whatD. whm
18. —Wang Yaping is the pride f ur cuntry!
—Yes! She is the first wman astrnaut ________ taught us science at the space ship.
A. whereB. whmC. whD. which
19. —These days, many kids are very interested in the sng Lnely Warrirs. Why?
—Maybe they think it’s a sng ________ has great lyrics and rhrhythm.
A. whichB. whC. whereD. what
20. Nw China is ne f the few natins _________ can prduce a large number f COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗).
A. thatB. whC. whereD. when
21. —What kind f jb d yu like?
—Oh, I prefer the jb ________ can make ur city mre beautiful.
A. whatB. whichC. whseD. wh
22. —We are prud f the great changes ________ ur cuntry has had these years.
—Yes, s many villages have taken n a new lk.
A. thatB. whatC. whD. where
23. —At present yung peple prefer WeChat t keep in tuch with their friends.
—Yes. It seems t be the best way f cmmunicatin ________ peple like.
A. whichB. whatC. whD. that
24. The unfrgettable experience ________ we had in the summer camp makes us grw up.
A. whB. whseC. whichD. whm
25. — D yu like the nvel?
— Yes, I d. It is the first ne ________ I have read three times.
A. whB. whenC. thatD. this
26. The by ________ is playing sccer is the vlunteer. He helped a lt.
A. whB. whmC. whseD. which
27. The CD ________ my uncle bught fr me as a birthday gift is my favrite.
A. whichB. whC. whatD. whse
28. Many peple here like this beautiful park ________ is full f clrful flwers.
A. whB. whereC. whichD. what
29. I like bks ________ are abut pwerful and successful peple.
A. whseB. whatC. whD. which
30. I really admire thse vlunteers ________ can ffer t help peple in truble.
A. whB. whichC. whmD. what
31. — I heard that AECM(抗疫表彰会)was held in Lanzhu n April 26th.
— Yes. I really lk up t thse heres in Gansu ________ have made great achievements(成就)
A. whB. whichC. whereD. whse
32. —Jenny, I talked back t my mther last night. What shuld I d?
—Yu are suppsed t say srry. Parents are the peple ________ lve yu ________ in the wrld.
A. wh; betterB. wh; mstC. whm; betterD. whm; mst
33. —D yu knw Zhang Guimei ________ was hnred as ne f the “Peple Wh Mved China”?
—Yes, she created the first free high schl fr girls in muntain areas and has helped mre than 1,800 students t g t cllege.
A. whichB. whseC. whmD. wh
34. Chances belng t thse ________ keep trying. As lng as yu keep wrking hard, yu’ll get a big success sner r later.
A. whB. thatC. whmD. which
35. Yuan Lngping is ne f the greatest scientists ________ I respect a lt.
A. whyB. whichC. whatD. that
36. —D yu admire Dr. Zhang Wenhng?
—Of curse! He is a kind-hearted dctr ________ is prfessinal and humrus.
A. whmB. whichC. whD. where
37. —Have yu fund the mbile phne _________ yu lst in the taxi yesterday?
—Nt yet. I’ll have t buy a new ne.
A. whichB. whatC. whD. where
38. —Mm is waiting. Can we set ff nw?
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shes ________ I bught last week.
A. thatB. whC. whatD. wh
39. This is the first birthday gift ________ I received. I’ve kept it many years.
A. thatB. whC. whatD. which
40. Curling(冰壶)is a winter sprt ________ is getting mre and mre ppular in China.
A. whB. whatC. whereD. which
二、短文填空
1
Mildred ften stepped (踩)n the back f my she as we walked hme after schl. Then, my she was ff and when I stpped t __41__ my she n, Mildred wuld hit me n the back quickly and run away. I was angry and scared, s I tld my mm the whle stry. __42__, my mm tld me nt t wrry and said that she had a plan.
The next mrning, my mm walked t schl with __43__. Just as we gt t schl, we __44__ Mildred. “Hell, Mildred,” my mm said quietly. Mildred stpped, lking at us. Her face turned red. Her versized cat was pen. There were nly tw buttns(纽扣)n it.
My mther didn’t say anything __45__ first. Instead, she buttned up Mildred’s cat and turned the cllar(衣领) up arund her neck. “I’m Amy’s mther. I need yur help, Mildred.” My mther held Mildred’s hands as she spke. Amy desn’t have any brthers r __46__. She needs __47__ gd friend at schl. Wuld yu be her friend. Mildred?”
Mildred was __48__ because she didn’t think my mther wuld speak these wrds. After making sure she didn’t hear wrng, she gave a quick nd. “Oh, thank yu!” my mther said. Then she hugged(拥抱)us __49__ left as if nthing had happened.
I saw that Mildred was smiling I’d never seen her smile befre.
I didn’t understand my mm’s __50__ at that time. But nw, I came t knw her message: Lve never fails.
2
用适当的词完成下面的短文,每个空只能填写一个形式正确、语义相符的单词。
He Wei and Jake are David’s classmates. David tld them that their teacher, Ms. Steen, is ging back t the US. He planned t have ___51___ gdbye party fr Ms. Steen t shw his thanks. He Wei thinks it is a gd ___52___. He likes Ms. Steen very much ___53___ she helped him t imprve his English a lt. He is sad t see her g. He said he can help t buy sme fd and drinks. He can als help t bring Ms. Steen t the ___54___. Jake als wuld lve t cme t the party, but he is nt ___55___. His family is taking a trip t Wuhan ___56___ the end f this mnth t visit his aunt and uncle. ___57___, he als wants t help ut with the party preparatins, like planning the games.
Then David writes t all his classmates and tells them that Ms. Steen is ___58___ sn. T shw their thanks fr Ms. Steen, he is ging t have a surprise party fr ___59___. He hpes all his classmates can cme and ____60____ a helping hand.
3
用适当的词完成下面的短文,每个空只能填写一个形式正确、语义相待的单词。
Nick is n his way back hme, then Jeff catches up. Nick is wearing __61__ red T-shirt and riding a bike. He always rides t hme after schl __62__ 5:30 p.m. Jeff asks Nick __63__ he can cme t his huse n Saturday. Jelf said __64__ cusin Sam frm Xi’an is ging t be there, and he wants t hang ut with them. Nick remembers Jeff’s cusin is Sam __65__ they went bike riding tgether last autumn when Sam paid a visit t Jeff. Nick says he’d lve t cme, but he isn’t __66__ n Mnday. Because he must prepare fr a(n) __67__. The exam is difficult and he must wrk __68__ these days. Jeff thinks it is bad, but Sam will nt __69__ until next Wednesday. S he invites Nick t hang ut with them n Mnday night. Nick says it is great and he cannt ___70___ t see Sam.
参考答案
一、
1. D
【详解】句意:你能告诉我你刚才在会上讨论的结果吗?
考查定语从句关系词。wh指代人;when指代时间;hw如何;that既可以指人又可以指物。根据先行词“the result f the discussin”是指物可知,应该使用“that”。故选D。
2. A
【详解】句意:我们都知道,医生是一个照顾人们的健康的人。
考查定语从句。先行词persn是指人,在从句中作主语,用wh引导定语从句,故选A。
3. D
【详解】句意:——5G技术可以帮助医生治疗数百公里外的患者。——真的很神奇。
考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句,从句修饰patients,先行词是人,且在从句中作主语,故选D。
4. B
【详解】句意:——看!那就是我昨天遇到的那个女人。——哦?她是我姑姑。
考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句,从句修饰先行词the wman,关系词在从句中作宾语。故选B。
5. B
【详解】句意:这是能帮助残疾人的机器吗?
考查定语从句。句子含有定语从句,先行词是“machine机器”,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,用which引导从句。故选B。
6. C
【详解】句意:那个戴蓝帽子的人是我父亲。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,句子是定语从句,先行词为“The man”,从句中缺主语,因此关系词用“wh”。故选C。
7. A
【详解】句意:——你知道苏炳添是谁吗?——知道,他是一位著名的赛跑运动员,在2020年东京奥运会男子100米比赛中以9.83秒的成绩创造了亚洲新纪录。
考查定语从句。wh引导限制性定语从句,先行词指人,在定语从句中充当主语和宾语;whm引导限制性定语从句,先行词指人,在定语从句中充当宾语;whse引导限制性定语从句,先行词指人或指物,在定语从句中充当定语;which既能引导限制性定语从句,也能引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指物,在定语从句中充当主语和宾语,作宾语时可以省略。本题先行词“ a famus runner”是人,定语从句缺少主语,因此填关系代词wh。故选A。
8. C
【详解】句意:——你认识那个正在帮助老人的女孩吗?——哦,那是我的妹妹。
考查定语从句。wh关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whm关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whse关系代词,先行词指人或物,在从句中作定语;句子先行词是the girl,指人,其在定语从句中作主语,关系代词需要用that/wh,故选C。
9. B
【详解】句意:我们需要一位能说一口流利英语的导游。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词是人guide,关系词在从句中作主语,用wh引导定语从句。故选B。
10. D
【详解】句意:你看过那部关于外星人的电影吗?
考查定语从句。先行词mvie是指物,在从句中作主语,用which或that引导定语从句,故选D。
11. B
【详解】句意:这是一个可以帮助贫困儿童的组织。
考查关系词辨析。wh谁;which哪个;where在哪里;when什么时候。先行词“rganizatin”指物,关系词应用which,在从句中作主语。故选B。
12. A
【详解】句意:这就是你昨天遇到的那个女孩吗?
考查定语从句。whm指人,在从句中作宾语;whse谁的,在从句中作定语;which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不引导定语从句。先行词girl指人,且在从句做met的宾语,应用whm,故选A。
13. C
【详解】句意:我们跟踪汽车在草地上留下的痕迹。
考查定语从句。mark作名词,意为“记号”,作动词意为“做标记”。that是定语从句引导词,所以空处应是先行词,先行词一般是名词或代词,排除BD选项。其次,此处特指汽车在草地上留下的痕迹,应用定冠词the修饰名词,故选C。
14. C
【详解】句意:我是那种必须离开家乡去大城市工作的人。
考查关系词辨析。which哪个;whm谁,wh的宾格;wh谁;whse谁的。定语从句先行词“peple”指人,且在从句中作主语,关系词应用wh。故选C。
15. C
【详解】句意:——我们青少年应该尊敬那些努力保护我们国家的英雄们。——我也这样认为。
考查定语从句。what什么,不引导定语从句;which在定语从句中指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语;wh在定语从句中指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whse在定语从句中指人或物,在从句中作定语。根据“the heres ... try t prtect ur cuntry.”可知,此处指人,且在从句中作主语,用wh引导定语从句。故选C。
16. B
【详解】句意:——你认识福建屏南的陈向荣吗?——是的,他是保卫我们国家的英雄。
考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句;wh关系代词,指人,作主语或宾语;whm关系代词,指人,作宾语;which关系代词,指物,作主语或宾语。句子先行词是her,指人,在从句中作主语,应用wh引导,故选B。
17. B
【详解】句意:——你看过电视剧《大江大河》吗?——看过。这是最受欢迎的电视剧,让人们了解改革开放政策。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词“TV play”是物,且关系词在从句中作主语,用that引导定语从句。故选B。
18. C
【详解】句意:——王亚平是我们国家的骄傲。——是的!她是在宇宙飞船上教我们科学知识的第一个女宇航员。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,且指代人,用wh引导。故选C。
19. A
【详解】句意:——现在,很多孩子对《孤勇者》这首歌很感兴趣。为什么?——也许他们认为这是一首歌词和节奏都很棒的歌。
考查定语从句。 which哪一个;wh谁;where在哪里;what什么。此处是定语从句,先行词sng是指物,在从句中作主语,用which引导定语从句,故选A。
20. A
【详解】句意:现在,中国是少数几个能够生产大量新冠疫苗的国家之一。
考查定语从句。that无实义;wh谁;where在哪里;when何时。根据先行词为“natins”,且先行词前有ne f修饰,所以关系词应用that。故选A。
21. B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢什么样的工作?——哦,我更喜欢那种可以让我们的城市变得更加漂亮的工作。
考查定语从句。what什么,不可引导定语从句;which指代物,关系代词;whse谁的,表示所属关系,关系代词;wh指代人,关系代词。the jb为名词,后接修饰它的定语从句,从句中缺少主语,说明引导词既指代物,又在从句中充当主语,因此应用which来引导定语从句。故选B。
22. A
【详解】句意:——我们为我们国家这些年发生的巨大变化感到自豪。——是的,许多村庄都呈现出新的面貌。
考查定语从句关系词。先行词“the great changes”指物,在从句中作宾语,用that引导定语从句。故选A。
23. D
【详解】句意:——目前,年轻人更喜欢微信与朋友保持联系。——对。这似乎是人们喜欢的最好的沟通方式。
考查定语从句。which指物,作主宾表;what不能引导定语从句;wh指人,作主宾表;that指人或物,作主宾表。根据“the best way f cmmunicatin…peple like”可知,先行词“way”指物,在从句中作“like”的宾语,它被最高级“best”修饰,此时只能用that引导从句。故选D。
24. C
【详解】句意:我们在夏令营的难忘经历使我们成长。
考查定语从句。wh关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whse关系代词,先行词指人或物,在从句中作定语;whm关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;句子先行词是“experience”,指物,在从句中作宾语,应用which/that引导,故选C。
25. C
【详解】句意:——你喜欢这本小说吗?——是的,我喜欢。这是我读了三遍的第一本书。
考查定语从句。wh指人,作主宾表;when指时间,作状语;that指人或物,作主宾表;this不能引导定语从句。先行词是“ne”,指代小说,在从句中作read的宾语,且被序数词first修饰,此时只能用that引导从句。故选C。
26. A
【详解】句意:正在踢足球的那个男孩是志愿者。他帮了很多忙。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词by是指人,在从句中作主语,用wh引导定语从句,故选A。
27. A
【详解】句意:我叔叔买给我作为生日礼物的CD是我最喜欢的。
考查定语从句。此句为定语从句,先行词“The CD”表示物,连接词在从句中作宾语,应用which引导定语从句,故选A。
28. C
【详解】句意:这里的许多人都喜欢这个美丽的公园,那里满是五颜六色的花。
考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句,先行词park表示事物,分析句子结构,定语从句缺少主语,因此用关系代词which,故选C。
29. D
【详解】句意:我喜欢关于有权势和成功人士的书。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词bks指物,在从句中作主语,应用关系词which来引导定语从句。故选D。
30. A
【详解】句意:我真的很佩服那些能帮助有困难的人的志愿者。
考查定语从句的关系代词。关系词wh/whm引导定语从句,先行词是人,wh在定语从句作主语,whm在定语从句作宾语;which引导定语从句,先行词是物;what不可引导定语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词“thse vlunteers”是人,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用wh引导此定语从句。故选A。
31. A
【详解】句意:——我听说抗疫表彰会4月26日在兰州召开。——是的。我真的很敬佩那些在甘肃取得巨大成就的英雄
考查定语从句。wh指代人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which指代物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;where关系副词,在定语从句中作地点状语;whse在定语从句中作定语。先行词“heres英雄”指的是人,定语从句“have made great achievements”缺主语,关系代词用“wh”。故选A。
32. B
【详解】句意:——珍妮,我昨晚跟我妈妈顶嘴了。我该怎么办?——你应该说对不起。父母是世界上最爱你的人。
考查定语从句和形容词最高级。根据定语从句先行词为“peple”,且从句缺主语可知,引导词用wh;根据“in the wrld”可知,从句表达最爱你的人,故用最高级best。故选B。
33. D
【详解】句意:——你知道被誉为 “感动中国人物”之一的张桂梅吗?——是的,她为山区女孩创建了第一所免费高中,并帮助1800多名学生上了大学。
考查定语从句关系词。which哪一个;whse谁的;whm谁,作宾语;wh谁,作主语。根据“D yu knw Zhang Guimei ... was hnred as ne f the ‘Peple Wh Mved China’ ”可知,该句为定语从句,先行词指人,且从句缺少主语,故关系词应用wh。故选D。
34. A
【详解】句意:机会属于不断尝试的人。 只要你继续努力,你迟早会获得巨大的成功。
考查定语从句。根据“Chances belng t thse”可知,此处是定语从句,先行词“thse”指人,且在句中作主语,用引导词wh。故选A。
35. D
【详解】句意:袁隆平是我非常尊敬的最伟大的科学家之一。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是scientists,指人,且被最高级修饰,关系代词只能用that。故选D。
36. C
【详解】句意:——你佩服张文宏医生吗?——当然! 他是一位专业而幽默的善良医生。
考查定语从句。根据“He is a kind-hearted dctr”可知,此处是定语从句,先行词“dctr”是人,在从句中作主语,用引导词wh。故选C。
37. A
【详解】句意:——你找到昨天在出租车上丢失的手机了吗?——还没有。我将不得不买一部新的(手机)。
考查定语从句。which指代物,在从句中可以作主语,宾语,表语;what不能引导定语从句;wh指代人,在从句中可以作主语,宾语;where指地点,在从句中作状语。本句中先行词为“phne”,物,从句缺宾语,故用which来引导。故选A。
38. A
【详解】句意:——妈妈在等待。我们现在可以出发了吗?——等一下。我找不到我上周买的鞋了。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词是“the shes”,指物,引导词在从句中作宾语,所以用that或which,结合选项,故选A。
39. A
【详解】句意:这是我收到的第一份生日礼物。我已经保存了很多年了。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词是物,且先行词前有the first修饰,引导词在从句中作宾语,故选A。
40. D
【详解】句意:冰壶是一项在中国越来越流行的冬季运动。
考查定语从句。which指物,在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语;wh指人,在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语;where是地点,在引导的定语从句中作状语;what不能引导定语从句。本题中定语从句缺主语,先行词又是sprt,故用which引导。故选D。
二、
1
41. put 42. Hwever 43. me 44. met##saw 45. at 46. sisters 47. a 48. surprised 49. and 50. plan
【详解】本文主要讲述了“我”的妈妈将一个经常对“我”恶作剧的小女孩变成了“我”的朋友的故事。
41. 句意:然后,我的鞋就掉了,当我停下来穿鞋时,米尔德丽德会迅速地打我的后背,然后跑开。根据“ my she was ff”可知,停下来是穿鞋,“穿上……”。t后跟动词原形。故填put。
42. 句意:然而,我妈妈告诉我不要担心,并说她有一个计划。空前空后在句意上是转折关系,空后且有逗号隔开,所以应用hwever表示转折。故填Hwever。
43. 句意:第二天早上,我妈妈和我一起步行去学校。根据“we”可知,此处指妈妈和我,with是介词,其后跟宾格me。故填me。
44. 句意:我们刚到学校,就遇到/看见了米尔德丽德。根据“Hell, Mildred,”可知,应是见面了,see“看见”/meet“遇见”都符合语境,由gt可知,空处用动词过去式。故填met/saw。
45. 句意:我妈妈一开始什么也没说。at first“起先”,固定短语,符合语境。故填at。
46. 句意:艾米没有兄弟姐妹。根据“brthers”可知,对应的应是sisters。故填sisters。
47. 句意:她在学校需要一个好朋友。friend在这里是单数形式,所以空处应用不定冠词修饰,gd是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用a,故填a。
48. 句意:米尔德丽德很惊讶,因为她认为母亲不会说出这些话。根据“because she didn’t think my mther wuld speak these wrds.”可知,她听后应该很惊讶,surprised“惊讶的”,形容词作表语。故填surprised。
49. 句意:然后她拥抱了我们,离开了,好像什么都没发生过。“hugged(拥抱)us” 和“left ”之间是并列关系,用and连接。故填and。
50. 句意:我当时不明白我妈妈的计划。根据上文“my mm tld me nt t wrry and said that she had a plan.”可知,此处指不明白妈妈的计划,故填plan。
2
51. a 52. idea 53. because 54. party 55. available 56. at 57. Hwever 58. leaving 59. her 60. give
【详解】本文讲述了David的同学为Steen女士举办告别派对的事情。
51. 句意:他计划为Steen女士举办一个告别派对,以表示感谢。空处修饰其后的单数名词party,表示泛指“一个派对”,应用不定冠词,gdbye是辅音音素开头的单词,应用a修饰,故填a。
52. 句意:何伟认为这是个好主意。根据“He planned t party fr Ms. Steen t shw his thanks”可知,这是个好主意,空前有a修饰,名词用单数形式,故填idea。
53. 句意:他非常喜欢Steen女士,因为她帮助他提高了他的英语水平。空格前后句之间是因果关系,属于“前果后因”的结构,此处应用because引导原因状语从句,故填because。
54. 句意:他还可以帮忙把Steen女士带到派对上。根据“gdbye party”可知,把Steen女士带到派对上,故填party。
55. 句意:杰克也很想来参加聚会,但他没空。根据“His family is taking a trip t end f this mnth t visit his aunt and uncle.”可知,杰克想参加,但是没有空,available“有空的”,故填available。
56. 句意:他的家人将于本月底前往武汉探望他的姑姑和叔叔。at the end f“在……结束时”,故填at。
57. 句意:不过,他也想帮忙准备派对,比如策划游戏。空格前后是转折关系,且空格与前后隔开,应用hwever表示,故填Hwever。
58. 句意:然后大卫写信给所有同学,告诉他们Steen女士很快就要离开了。根据“Ms. Steen, is ging back t the US.”可知,Steen女士很快要离开了,leave“离开”,空前有is,此处用现在分词形式,故填leaving。
59. 句意:为了表达他们对Steen女士的感谢,他将为她举办一个惊喜派对。根据“T shw their thanks fr Ms. Steen, he is ging t have a surprise party fr”可知,此处指代的是“Ms. Steen”,应用代词表示,介词后接宾语,应用宾格形式,故填her。
60. 句意:他希望所有的同学都能来帮忙。根据“ a helping hand”可知,此处指的是“帮助”,give sb a hand“帮助某人”,情态动词后接动词原形,故填give。
3
61. a 62. at 63. if 64. his 65. and 66. available 67. exam 68. hard 69. leave 70. wait
【详解】本文讲述了杰夫的表弟是山姆要来,杰夫邀请尼克取他家的情况。
61. 句意:尼克穿着一件红色T恤,骑着自行车。此处表示泛指“一件”,用不定冠词,red是辅音音素开头的单词,应用a修饰,故填a。
62. 句意:他总是在下午五点半放学后骑车回家。具体的钟点前用介词at,故填at。
63. 句意:杰夫问尼克周六是否能来他家。根据“he can cme t his huse n Saturday”可知,此处是问“能否来”,应用if引导宾语从句,故填if。
64. 句意:杰夫说他西安的表弟山姆也会在,他想和他们一起出去玩。此处指代的是“Jeff的表弟”,应用形容词性物主代词his代替,故填his。
65. 句意:尼克记得杰夫的表弟是山姆,去年秋天山姆拜访杰夫时,他们一起去骑自行车。空格前后是并列关系,应用and连接,故填and。
66. 句意:尼克说他很愿意来,但星期一他没空。根据“Because he must prepare fr a(n) exam is difficult”可知,他没有空,此处用形容词available作表语,故填available。
67. 句意:因为他必须准备考试。根据“The exam is difficult”可知,此处指的是“有一场考试”,故填exam。
68. 句意:考试很难,这些天他必须努力学习。根据“The exam is difficult”可知,他必须要努力学习,故填hard。
69. 句意:杰夫认为这很糟糕,但山姆要到下周三才能离开。根据“S he invites Nick t hang ut with them n Mnday night.”可知,Sam不会离开,直到下周三,故填leave。
70. 句意:尼克说这太棒了,他迫不及待地想见到山姆。根据“Nick says it is great and he see Sam.”可知,他迫不及待的想见到山姆,can’t wait t d sth“迫不及待的做某事”,是固定短语,故填wait。关系词
先行词
从句成分
例 句
备 注
关系代 词
wh
人
主语
D yu knw the man wh is talking with yur mther?
whm, which和that在从句中做宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用that
whm
人
宾语
Mr. Smith is the persn with whm I am wrking
The by (whm) she lved died in the war..
whse
人或物
定语
I like thse bks whse tpics are abut histry.
The by whse father wrks abrad is my deskmate.
that
人或物
主语,宾语
A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pp star (that) I want t see very much.
which
物
主语,宾语
The bk (which) I gave yu was wrth $10.
The picture which was abut the accident was terrible.
as
人或物
主语,宾语
He is such a persn as is respected by all f us.
This is the same pen as I lst yesterday.
as做宾语一般不省略
关系副 词
when
时间
时间状语
I will never frget the day when we met there.
可用n which
where
地点
地点状语
This is the huse where I was brn.
可用in which
why
原因
原因状语
I can’t imagine the reasn why he turned dwn my ffer.
可用fr which
情 况
用法说明
例 句
只用that的情况
1.先行词为all, everything, anything, nthing, little, much,等不定代词时
2.先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, n, sme, few等修饰时
3.先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时
4.先行词既指人又指物时
5.先行词被the nly, the very修饰时
6.句中已经有wh或which时,为了避免重复时
1.He tld me everything that he knws.
2.All the bks that yu ffered has been given ut.
3.This is the best film that I have ever read.
4.We talked abut the persns and things that we remembered.
5.He is the nly man that I want t see.
6.Wh is the man that is making a speech?
只用which, wh, whm的情况
1.在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which指代物,用wh/whm指人
2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,只能用which指物,whm指人。
3.先行词本身是that时,关系词用which, 先行词为thse, ne, he时多用wh。
1.He has a sn, wh has gne abrad fr further study.
2.I like the persn t whm the teacher is talking.
3.Thse wh respect thers are usually respected by thers.
从句
区 别
例 句
限制性
定语从句中
名词前有such和the same修饰时,关系代词用as,不能用which
He is nt such a fl as he lks.
Dn’t read such bks as yu can’t understand.
非限制性
定语从句中
as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如,象”的含义,并可以放在主句前,也可以放在后面,那么用as;而which引导的从句只能放主句后,并无“正如”的意思。
They wn the game, as we had expected.
They wn the game, which we hadn’t expected.
As is well knwn, he is a famus film star in the 1980s.
the same... as和
the same
the same... as指同类事物
the same 指原物
That’s the same tl as I used last week.(同类工具,不是同一把)
That’s the same tl that I used last week.那就是我上周用过的工具。
类 别
区 别
例 句
定语从句
与
并列句
定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于:并列句有像and,but,s等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接,这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。
①Mr Li has three daughters,nne f _____ is an engineer.
②Mr Li has three daughters,but nne f _____ is a dancer.
从结构上看,①小题是定语从句,故填whm;
②小题有并列连词but,是并列句,故填代词 them。
定语从句
与
状语从句
定语从句的前面有名词作先行词,而状语从句没有先行词。
This is the place where we used t live a few years ag.
这是几年前我们居住的地方。(定语从句,先行词为the place)
Let’s g where we can find a better jb.
我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。(地点状语从句)
定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词,只能放在先行词的后面,而状语从句说明动作发生的情况,并且可以放在主句的前面。
D yu knw the time when the class is ver? 你知道下课的时间吗?(定语从句)
It was already five ’clck when the class was ver.
=When the class was ver, it was already five ’clck.
当下课时己经是5点了。(时间状语从句)
When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词+which”的结构来替换,在引导状语从句时却不行。
This is the factry in which (where) his father nce wrked.
这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。(定语从句)
Put back the bk where it was. 把书放回原处。(状语从句)
定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分,因此去掉它则从句成分不完整;而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分,去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。
It is such an interesting bk as we all like. 它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。
(as用作动词like的宾语,它引导的是定语从句)
It is such an interesting bk that we all like it.
它是一本如此有趣的书,我们大家都喜欢它。
(that不充当句子成分,故它引导的是结果状语从句)
定语从句
与
同位语从句
定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词,对先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用,与先行词之间有从属关系。同位语的作用相当于名词,对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释,是前面名词的具体内容,与先行词之间是同位关系。
The news that she had passed the exam made her parents very happy.
她考试及格的消息使她父母亲很高兴。(同位语从句)
此句中的同位语从句 The news that she had passed the exam
可以改写成表语从句:The news is that he passed the exam.
The news that he tld us interested all f us.
他告诉我们的消息使大家都感兴趣。(定语从句)
The news that he tld us 是定语从句,此句不能改写为:The news is that he tld us.
定语从句
与
强调句
强调句的结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that+从句”。被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分,当被强调部分是人时,还可用wh代替that。这一句型中,一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替 that。
①It is n the mrning f May 1st _____ I met Liang Wei at the airprt.
②It is the factry _____ Mr Wang wrks.
从结构上看:
①小题是强调句,故填 that。
②小题则是定语从句,用上述方法转换便知the factry前差个介词in,故填 where。
相关试卷
这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习语态要点精读与精练 (含详解),共23页。试卷主要包含了单项选择,完成句子,短文填空等内容,欢迎下载使用。
这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习时态要点精读与精练 (含详解),共24页。试卷主要包含了 常用常考的动词时态和用法,一般将来时的特殊表达方式的比较,容易混淆的时态比较等内容,欢迎下载使用。
这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力练习名词要点精读与精练 (含详解),共20页。试卷主要包含了单项选择,短文填空等内容,欢迎下载使用。