Unit 3单元易错综合练习-高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）

Unit 3单元易错综合练习
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2022·湖南·长沙一中高一阶段练习）Important Factors for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
Beijing has made history as the first city in the world to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. Let’s look back on some of the important factors that made the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games so impressive.
The Olympic torch(火炬)
In recognition of Beijing’s status(地位) as the world’s first city to host both the Summer and Winter games, the 2022 Olympic torch featured a similar design to the 2008 Olympic torch by the same color combination and artistic forms. What truly took viewers’ breath away was the moment when torch bearers passed the flame to another during the Olympic Torch Relay. The two Olympic torches locked into each other at the top, which represented fire and ice, symbolizing how it would bring light and warmth to the winter sports scene.
The Olympic mascots(吉祥物)
The Winter Olympic mascot “Bing Dwen Dwen”, a cartoon image of a panda wearing a spacesuit, looks like a winter sports athlete from the future. As a great combination of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit, “Bing Dwen Dwen” has enjoyed wide popularity at home and abroad since its first appearance in 2019. “Hopefully Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and leave lasting memories in Olympic history,” said Cao Xue, head of the Beijing 2022 mascot design team.
Soon after the announcement of “Bing Dwen Dwen”, Beijing organizers also introduced “Shuey Rhon Rhon” as the mascot of the 2022 Beijing Paralympic(残奥会) Winter Games.
The smart high-speed railway
As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continued, the new high-speed railway line connecting the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou began to enter service. By cutting the travel time between the two from three hours to 47 minutes, the bullet train can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, becoming the world’s first smart high-speed railway. So, what makes them “smart”? Well, equipped with 5G signals, intelligent lightning and sensors to collect real-time data and detect any operational problems, the trains can automatically start, stop and adjust to the different speed limits between stations.
1．In what way did the 2022 Olympic torch impress viewers?
A．Its showing up at the top.
B．Its flame-passing moment.
C．Its color combination and artistic forms.
D．Its design similar to that of the 2008 Olympic torch.
2．Why is “Bing Dwen Dwen” so popular?
A．Because it is an athlete wearing a spacesuit.
B．Because it symbolizes the national treasure of China.
C．Because it shows both Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit.
D．Because it has already played an important role in Olympic history.
3．Which statement is NOT correct about the new high-speed railway?
A．It came into service after the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics began.
B．It can greatly cut the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou.
C．It becomes the world's first smart high-speed railway.
D．The new high-speed trains can automatically run.
B
（2022·湖南·长郡中学高一期中）The Olympic spirit is about a lot more than winning medals and setting records. Just look at the story of swimmer Eric Moussambani.
The Equatoguinean found his passion for swimming shortly after high school. Unfortunately, football is far and away the most popular sport in Moussambani’s home country. Living in such a football-crazed country, it was difficult for Moussambani to find a place to train consistently (持续地). Eventually, he found a 13-meter-sized hotel pool that he only had access to three hours a week. On days he could not use the pool, he trained in rivers.
After about eight months of swimming, he gained entry into the 2000 Summer Olympics through a program where the International Olympic Committee gave wild cards to developing nations to promote their sport further. In Sydney, Moussambani saw an Olympic-sized swimming pool for the first time, which was so big that Moussambani said he was “so scared” to compete in it.
The day of the 100m freestyle came. Moussambani made an energetic start in the first 50 meters, but in the final half of the race, he struggled to stay afloat (漂浮着), so much so that those on the sidelines considered jumping in and helping him out of the water. “It was then that I heard the crowd screaming and shouting, encouraging me to ‘Go, go, go.’ It gave me the strength to finish,” Moussambani said.
Moussambani finished the race with a time of 1：52.72, the slowest recorded time in Olympic history, but the fans did not care, cheering him as if he had broken the world record. “This is what the Olympics are all about,” a commentator said. “The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning, but taking part. The essential thing in life is not defeating others, but fighting well,” he said.
Moussambani serves as the national swim team coach for Equatorial Guinea now. Gone are the days when Equatoguinean swimmers needed to train in open water. They now have two Olympic-sized swimming pools. Moussambani hopes to grow the sport in his country.
4．Why did Moussambani fail to get proper swimming training?
A．Swimming was not taken seriously in his country.
B．Swimming in rivers appealed to him.
C．He was busy with his schoolwork.
D．He could not afford it.
5．How did Moussambani do in the race?
A．He was too scared to swim. B．He quit at the first sign of trouble.
C．He finished with great difficulty. D．He was pulled out of the water halfway.
6．What did the commentator think of Moussambani?
A．He showed the Olympic spirit. B．He was a talented swimmer.
C．He disappointed his fans. D．He could have fought better.
7．What does Moussambani wish to do now?
A．Build some Olympic-sized swimming pools. B．Promote swimming in his country.
C．Coach the national swim team. D．Win an Olympic medal.
C
（2022·安徽省濉溪中学高一期中）Exercise could not only benefit your body, but also improve your memory, researchers found recently. In their paper published on Monday, researchers from the University of California in the US and the University of Tsukuba in Japan introduced their experiment and conclusion.
Scientists invited 36 volunteers who were in their early 20s to do 10 minutes of light exercise before taking a memory test in which they were shown pictures like broccoli (西兰花) or picnic baskets and asked to recall them later. The same experiment was repeated with the same group of volunteers without exercising. “The memory task was really quite challenging,” said Michael Yassa, co-author of the study and a neuroscientist (神经科学家) at the University of California. “We used trickily similar items to see if they would remember whether it was this exact picnic basket or that picnic basket.”
Researchers also scanned some of the brains of the participants during the experiment. They found that the brains of those who exercised strengthened their ability to remember things. This suggested that just 10 minutes of light exercise like walking, yoga or Tai Chi might increase memory.
As all the volunteers in the experiment were relatively young, researchers are still working to look at the effects of light exercise on older people. “Our future goal is to try to develop an exercise prescription that can be used by older adults who might have disabilities or limited movements, but can still take very simple exercise and be able to, perhaps, put off the reduction of cognitive (认知的) skills slowly,” said Yassa.
8．What is the function of Paragraph 1?
A．To correct a mistake. B．To introduce two universities.
C．To give practical advice. D．To present a research result.
9．Why was the memory task quite challenging according to Yassa?
A．The people in the experiment were disabled. B．The items to be chosen were extremely similar.
C．The time to solve the questions was too limited. D．The questions to be asked were too complicated.
10．What is the underlined word “prescription” probably similar to?
A．Ability. B．Benefit. C．Method. D．Detail.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Exercise Can Improve Older People’s Cognitive Abilities
B．Ten Minutes of Exercise a Day Might Improve Memory
C．Exercise Is Beneficial to Both Young and Old
D．Advantages of Exercising Regularly
D
（2022·四川·成都实外高一阶段练习）Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to go play some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says, “while we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can really cause physical changes in the brain.”
The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. With babies, even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes, a doctor, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies. “Babies need movement that encourages and excites their five senses. They need to establish a connection between motion and memory. In this way, as they get older, children will begin to connect physical activity with higher learning,” says Margaret.
Older people can develop their brains as well. Columbia University studied a group of seniors who have a short-term memory of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi, helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain’s flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.
12．What is the main idea of this reading?
A．How to exercise.
B．How exercise helps the brain.
C．How to get good scores on a test.
D．How the brain can change.
13．According to the reading, what is the connection between exercise and brain development?
A．Exercise helps make our blood vessels.
B．The brain needs special mental exercise.
C．The more exercise, the bigger the brain is.
D．Physical exercise helps us think better.
14．The smallest amount of exercise required to gain any benefit is .
A．three hours per week B．40 hours per week
C．three hours per day D．40 hours per month
15．Why is yoga recommended for seniors?
A．It is easy to remember. B．It can be done in groups.
C．It does not increase the heart rate. D．It includes learning new motions.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2022·湖南·高一期中）Snowkiting, is a unique way of flying kites. You will glide (滑行) on the snow, fly the kite with you, and be pulled along the ground, uphill and even into the air.
____16____ Hang gliding and kite boarding are among them. They’re all extreme sports and you may be injured by a slight mistake and the unpredictable weather while doing these sports. ____17____
Almost all of the extreme sports can be categorized (归类) into three main types; Air, Land and Water. These sports are often popular in young adults. And they’re all very risky.
One reason why people enjoy these sports are that they are not normally played. The athletes have to operate and show their skills in free-flowing natural environment. ____18____
____19____ The athletes are fully exposed to direct danger. They want to push their limits again and again, so they try to control the regular instincts (本能) in the highest pressure scenario (场景) while doing extreme sports. The athletes enjoy the process. When they succeed at last, they will achieve a large amount of satisfaction.
Many people think that all the satisfaction and joy you get from extreme sports is not worthy of the risk. ____20____
A．Many people are tired of boring life in modern times.
B．Actually, there’re lots of kite flying sports.
C．However, that doesn’t change the athletes’ love for the extreme sports.
D．Excitement is another factor in people’s interest for extreme sports.
E．So more and more people will love these extreme sports in the future.
F．Using the law of physics is really important.
G．So why do people like extreme sports?
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2022·辽宁锦州·高一期中）When I was younger, I was very sporty. My dad is a runner who greatly ____21____ me. My great hobby between the ages 11 and 14 was cross-country ___22___. However, when my family ___23___, my new school didn’t pay attention to sports, and had no after-school activities like football or running.
Over the next few years, I ___24___ exercising except during P. E. lessons at school. I was ___25___ that I could eat what I wanted and didn’t put on any weight, so it looked like I was healthy, but in reality I was very ___26___.
When I started university, I decided that I would try and get fit, but by then I was worried about___27___ myself in front of other people. I considered ___28___ running again, yet my housemate tried to practice yoga, so my New Year’s ___29___ was delayed.
Finally, one of my friends____30____ a swimming pool close to my house that she had gone to a few times. Now, I love ____31____, and I find doing laps in the pool very relaxing. Experts say everyone should do 30 minutes of proper ____32____ every day, so I’m starting with an hour three times a week and ____33____ every day. I hope that I will soon start to feel the ____34____ of regular exercise. In the long term, I know it will be very good for me, and ____35____ all sorts of health problems that often occur in later life.
21．A．understood B．created C．discouraged D．influenced
22．A．skiing B．jogging C．running D．driving
23．A．collected B．moved C．saved D．travelled
24．A．tried B．stopped C．enjoyed D．risked
25．A．obvious B．rich C．lucky D．nervous
26．A．unusual B．unlucky C．unconscious D．unfit
27．A．helping B．introducing C．embarrassing D．teaching
28．A．taking in B．holding up C．taking up D．turning out
29．A．resolution B．present C．party D．welcome
30．A．saw B．ran C．met D．recommended
31．A．swimming B．running C．boating D．touring
32．A．place B．way C．exercise D．light
33．A．getting up B．building up C．putting up D．making up
34．A．actions B．hobbies C．glasses D．benefits
35．A．prevent B．suffer C．treat D．show
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2022·河南·开封市基础教育教研室高一期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu Genghong, a Taiwan-born singer, has surprisingly become____36____ online hit for livestreaming fitness routines from his home. Liu’s workout sessions have been so popular that they ____37____ (break) Douyin’s livestreaming record for 2022 so far. Within one month, Liu’s livestreams have been viewed nearly 100 million times, ____38____ his most popular session attracting over 44 million live views.
One of his most-watched fitness routines ____39____ (set) to “Herbalist Manual” (本草纲目) from Jay Chou’s Still Fantasy album. In his livestreams, Liu and his wife appear ____40____ (energy), friendly, happy and super fit. They exercise and dance to up-beat songs while explaining and showing their moves to the audience, often encouraging those ____41____ have no choice but to exercise in their own living rooms. ____42____ Liu’s dance moves look simple, they are often too intense for his fans ____43____ (follow).
Many netizens even joked that the 49-year-old was: facing a ____44____ (popular) contest with Li Jiaqi, China’s “livestreaming king” ____45____ (know) for his sales strategies. “Li Jiaqi empties our wallet, while Liu Genghong empties our body,” joked a netizen.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．（2022·贵州·贵阳一中高一阶段练习）假定你是李华，你所在学校的运动会因故取消，将延期举行。请你写封邮件告知你的外教Phillip，并邀请他参加，内容包括：
1.运动会推迟的原因
2.运动会延期后的时间、地点及参与者；
3.所涉及的运动项目。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47．（2022·山东枣庄·高一期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The science teacher, Mr. Moose, decided that the school would have a paper airplane contest. Each student would design a paper airplane. And then they would take turns throwing their airplanes. The student whose airplane flew the farthest would win.
When Mr. Moose announced the paper airplane contest, all the students were very excited. Paul, who was on the wrestling team, said to other students: “I am the strongest. And I will be able to throw my airplane the farthest.”
However, another student, Brian, was thinking how he could win. He did not play any sports and was not very strong. But he loved airplanes and really wanted to win the contest.
Brian knew what he had to do. He went to the store and bought a big stack of paper. When he got home, he took the paper into the backyard. He took a piece of paper and folded an airplane. It didn't go very far, so Brian took another sheet and folded another airplane and threw it. This airplane went a little farther. Brian kept folding different kinds of airplanes and throwing them. Some went very far and some did not. Finally, when Brian had used all the paper, he walked up to the airplane that had flown the farthest and picked it up.
注意：
1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the contest day, all the students lined up on the playground.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The whole school cheered as Brian went up to get his prize!
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B
2．C
3．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍2022年北京冬奥会的3个重要因素：火炬，吉祥物和高铁。
1．
细节理解题。根据第二段“What truly took viewers’ breath away was the moment when torch bearers passed the flame to another during the Olympic Torch Relay.”(真正让观众叹为观止的是火炬手在奥运火炬接力中将火炬传递给另一位火炬手的那一刻。)可知，真正让观众叹为观止的是，奥运火炬接力中火炬手将火炬传递给另一个人的那一刻。故选B。
2．
细节理解题。根据第三段“As a great combination of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit, ‘Bing Dwen Dwen’ has enjoyed wide popularity at home and abroad since its first appearance in 2019.”(作为中国文化和奥林匹克精神的伟大结合，“冰墩墩”自2019年首次亮相以来，在国内外广受欢迎。)可知，冰墩墩受欢迎的原因是很好地融合了中国文化和奥运精神。故选C。
3．
细节理解题。根据第五段“As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continued, the new high-speed railway line connecting the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou began to enter service.”(随着2022年北京冬奥会的倒计时继续进行，连接首都和奥运会主办城市张家口的新高速铁路开始通车。)可知，其中countdown意为倒计时，在北京冬奥会进入倒计时的时候，连接北京和张家口的新高速列车已经开始投入使用。所以A项错误。故选A。
4．A
5．C
6．A
7．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了奥运会100米自由泳项目世界最慢记录的创造者——埃里克·莫桑巴尼鼓舞人心的故事。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unfortunately, football is far and away the most popular sport in Moussambani’s home country. Living in such a football-crazed country, it was difficult for Moussambani to find a place to train consistently (持续地) (不幸的是，在莫桑巴尼的祖国，足球无疑是最受欢迎的运动。生活在这样一个足球狂热的国家，莫桑巴尼很难找到一个地方持续训练)”可知，在莫桑巴尼的祖国，崇尚足球运动，对游泳不够重视，这导致他无法得到正规的训练。故选A项。
5．
细节理解题。根据第四段“The day of the 100m freestyle came. Moussambani made an energetic start in the first 50 meters, but in the final half of the race, he struggled to stay afloat (漂浮着), so much so that those on the sidelines considered jumping in and helping him out of the water. ‘It was then that I heard the crowd screaming and shouting, encouraging me to ‘Go, go, go.’ It gave me the strength to finish,’ Moussambani said.(100米自由泳比赛的日子到来了。莫桑巴尼精力充沛地开始游了前50米，但在比赛的最后一半，他挣扎着浮在水面上，以至于那些旁观者考虑跳进水里帮他上岸。‘就在那时，我听到了人群的尖叫和呼喊，鼓励我‘加油，加油，加油’。这给了我完成任务的力量，’穆森巴尼说。)”可知，100米的赛程，莫桑巴尼游了一半就只能以“漂浮”的方式呆在水中，使人误以为他需要急救了，尽管也完成了比赛，但过程艰难。故选C项。
6．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“‘This is what the Olympics are all about,’ a commentator said. ’The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning, but taking part. The essential thing in life is not defeating others, but fighting well,’ he said.(‘这就是奥运会的意义所在，’一位评论员说。‘在奥林匹克运动会中最重要的事情不是取胜，而是参与。人生最重要的不是打败别人，而是好好战斗。’)”可知，莫桑巴尼在奥运会中的表现正是“重在参与”的最好体现。由此可推知，在这位评论员看来，莫桑巴尼展现了奥运精神。故选A项。
7．
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Moussambani hopes to grow the sport in his country.(莫桑巴尼希望在他的国家发展这项运动)”可知，莫桑巴尼现在希望能在自己的国家推广游泳运动。故选B项。
8．D
9．B
10．C
11．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项研究结果，每天十分钟的运动可能会提高记忆力。
8．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Exercise could not only benefit your body, but also improve your memory, researchers found recently.(研究人员最近发现，锻炼不仅有益于身体，还能改善记忆力)”可知，本段简单阐述了近日的一项研究结果。故选D项。
9．
细节理解题。根据第二段Yassa的话“We used trickily similar items to see if they would remember whether it was this exact picnic basket or that picnic basket.(我们巧妙地使用类似的物品，看他们是否会记得是这个野餐篮还是那个野餐篮)”可知，志愿者要选择的两项物品之间极其相似，以至于记忆难度富有挑战。故选B项。
10．
词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子可知该词下文“that can be used by older adults who might have disabilities or limited movements(可以用于可能有残疾或行动受限的老年人)”是对划线词语的修饰和补充，故prescription意为“处方”，与method“方法”意思接近。故选C项。
11．
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据文章首句“Exercise could not only benefit your body, but also improve your memory, researchers found recently.(研究人员最近发现，锻炼不仅有益于身体，还能改善记忆力)”，以及第三段最后一句话“This suggested that just 10 minutes of light exercise like walking, yoga or Tai Chi might increase memory.(这表明，只需10分钟的轻度运动，如散步、瑜伽或太极，就可以提高记忆力)”可知，本文的最合适的标题为“每天锻炼十分钟可能会提高记忆力”。故选B项。
12．B
13．D
14．A
15．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了运动如何帮助大脑。
12．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. (医生们开始发现越来越多的信息表明运动和大脑发育之间存在联系。俄勒冈健康与科学大学的科学家朱迪·卡梅隆研究大脑发育。根据她的研究，运动似乎可以使血管(包括大脑中的血管)更强壮、更充分地发育。卡梅伦博士称，这可以让锻炼的人更好地集中精力。)和“while we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can really cause physical changes in the brain.(虽然我们已经知道锻炼对心脏有好处，但锻炼确实会导致大脑的物理变化。)”可知，文章主要讲述了运动如何帮助大脑。故选B。
13．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better(根据她的研究，运动似乎可以使血管(包括大脑中的血管)更强壮、更充分地发育。卡梅伦博士称，这可以让锻炼的人更好地集中精力。)”可知，体育锻炼有助于我们更好地思考。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.(你的大脑可以从每周两到三个小时的锻炼中受益。)”可知，要想获得任何益处，每周最少的运动量是三小时。故选A。
15．
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi, helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time.( 学习一些新的技能或动作，比如瑜伽或太极，有助于打开大脑中可能很久没有使用过的记忆路径。)”可知，瑜伽是推荐给老年人的，因为它包括学习新的动作。故选D。
16．B
17．G
18．F
19．D
20．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了极限运动受青睐的原因。
16．
下文“Hang gliding and kite boarding are among them.(其中包括滑翔和放风筝)”说明其中还包括其他类型的运动，句中them指代B项中的lots of kite flying sports，B项“实际上，有很多放风筝的运动。”引出下文，符合题意。故选B。
17．
上文“They’re all extreme sports and you may be injured by a slight mistake and the unpredictable weather while doing these sports.(它们都是极限运动，在进行这些运动时，你可能会因一个小错误和不可预测的天气而受伤)”说明进行极限运动时，容易受伤，以及下文“Almost all of the extreme sports can be categorized into three main types; Air, Land and Water. These sports are often popular in young adults.(几乎所有的极限运动都可以分为三种主要类型；空气、土地和水。这些运动通常在年轻人中很受欢迎)”说明极限运动很受欢迎，G项“那么为什么人们喜欢极限运动呢？”承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
18．
上文“The athletes have to operate and show their skills in free-flowing natural environment.(运动员必须在自由流动的自然环境中操作和展示技能)”说明运动员需要了解物理相关知识，以操作和展示技能，F项“运用物理定律真的很重要。”承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
19．
下文“The athletes enjoy the process. When they succeed at last, they will achieve a large amount of satisfaction.(运动员们享受这个过程。当他们最终成功时，他们将获得极大的满足感)”说明运动员进行极限运动时，享受过程，获得成功时会有极大的满足感，D项“兴奋是人们对极限运动感兴趣的另一个因素。”可以概括本段内容，作为极限运动受欢迎的另一个原因，符合题意。故选D。
20．
上文“Many people think that all the satisfaction and joy you get from extreme sports is not worthy of the risk.(许多人认为你从极限运动中获得的所有满足和快乐都不值得冒险)”说明许多人认为极限运动有风险，不值得冒险，C项“然而，这并没有改变运动员对极限运动的热爱。”与上文形成转折关系，符合文段主旨。故选C。
21．D
22．C
23．B
24．B
25．C
26．D
27．C
28．C
29．A
30．D
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．D
35．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候喜欢运动，后来搬家后，新学校不重视运动，作者也就不怎么运动。后来，作者意识到了健康出了问题，又开始重新运动。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸是一位跑步爱好者，他对我的影响很大。A. understood理解；B. created创造；C. discouraged使沮丧；D. influenced影响。根据下文“My great hobby between the ages 11 and 14 was cross-country ___2___.”可知，作者也运动，所以爸爸对她有影响。故选D。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我11岁到14岁之间最大的爱好是跑步。A. skiing滑雪；B. jogging慢跑；C. running跑步；D. driving驾驶。根据第三段“I considered ___8___ running again，”中的again可知，作者11岁到14岁最爱的跑步。故选C。
23．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我的家人搬家的时候，我的新学校并不重视体育，也没有像足球和跑步这样的课外活动。A. collected收集；B. moved搬家；C. saved挽救；D. travelled旅游。根据下文“my new school didn’t pay attention to sports, and had no after-school activities like football or running.”中的“new school”可知，作者去了新学校，所以是搬了家。故选B。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，除了学校的体育课，我不再锻炼。A. tried尝试；B. stopped停止；C. enjoyed嫉妒；D. risked冒险。根据下文的“except during P. E. lessons at school.”可知，除了体育课，作者不再锻炼。故选B。
25．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运，我可以吃我想要的，而不会增加任何体重，所以看起来我很健康，但实际上我很不健康。A. obvious明显的；B. rich富裕的；C. lucky幸运的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“that I could eat what I wanted and didn’t put on any weight”可知，作者觉得自己无需控制饮食而且不会增加体重，所以她认为自己很幸运。故选C。
26．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运，我可以吃我想要的，而不会增加任何体重，所以看起来我很健康，但实际上我很不健康。A. unusual不同寻常；B. unlucky不幸的；C. unconscious无意识地；D. unfit不健康。根据上文“so it looked like I was healthy，”以及“but in reality”可知，作者看起来健康，但是实际上并非如此。故选D。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我开始上大学时，我决定要努力健身，但那时我担心在别人面前难堪。A. helping帮助；B. introducing介绍；C. embarrassing使……尴尬、难堪；D. teaching教授。根据上文“When I started university, I decided that I would try and get fit,”可知，作者想要健身，所以她是担心自己在别人面前尴尬、难堪。故选C。
28．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我曾考虑重新开始跑步，但我的室友尝试练习瑜伽，所以我的新年决心被推迟了。A. taking in吸收、理解、欺骗；B. holding up支撑、举起；C. taking up开始从事、占据；D. turning out证明是。根据第一段“When I was younger, I was very sporty. My dad is a runner who greatly ____1____ me.”可知，作者小时候喜欢跑步，所以这里指的是重新开始跑步。故选C。
29．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾考虑重新开始跑步，但我的室友尝试练习瑜伽，所以我的新年决心被推迟了。A. resolution决心；B. present礼物；C. party聚会；D. welcome欢迎。根据上文“When I started university, I decided that I would try and get fit”可知，健身是作者的决心。故选A。
30．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的一个朋友推荐了一个她去过几次的离我家很近的游泳池。A. saw看见；B. ran跑；C. met遇上；D. recommended推荐。根据下文“that she had gone to a few times.”可知，这位朋友去过几次，所以是推荐给作者。故选D。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我喜欢游泳，我觉得在游泳池里游几圈非常放松。A. swimming游泳；B. running跑；C. boating划船；D. touring旅游。根据下文“I find doing laps in the pool very relaxing.”可知，作者是在泳池里游泳，所以作者是喜欢游泳。故选A。
32．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：专家说，每个人每天都应该进行30分钟的适当锻炼，所以我从每周三次每次锻炼一个小时开始，然后每天增加。A. place地方；B. way方式；C. exercise运动；D. light光线。根据上文“Now，I love ___11___, and I find doing laps in the pool very relaxing.”可知，作者这是在运动锻炼。故选C。
33．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：专家说，每个人每天都应该进行30分钟的适当锻炼，所以我从每周三次每次锻炼一个小时开始，然后每天增加。A. getting up起床；B. building up建立、增进；C. putting up张贴、提供食宿；D. making up编造、组成、化妆。根据上文“so I’m starting with an hour three times a week”可知，作者从每周三次一次一小时起步；而下文“every day”可知，作者每天开始增加运动量。故选B。
34．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望我很快就能感受到定期锻炼的好处。A. actions行动；B. hobbies爱好；C. glasses杯子；D. benefits好处。根据下文“In the long term, I know it will be very good for me”可知，作者希望感受到锻炼的好处。故选D。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从长远来看，我知道这对我很有好处，而且可以预防在以后生活中经常发生的各种健康问题。A. prevent阻止；B. suffer遭受；C. treat对待；D. show展示。根据上文“In the long term，I know it will be very good for me”可知，运动会对身体有好处。而空后“all sorts of health problems”指的是问题。既然运动对身体有好处，那么运动应该是预防问题。故选A。
36．an
37．have broken
38．with
39．is set
40．energetic
41．who
42．Although##Though##While
43．to follow
44．popularity
45．known
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述刘耕宏直播健身操走红的事。
36．
考查冠词。句意：台湾歌手刘耕宏因在家直播健身活动而意外走红网络。hit是可数名词，在句中表泛指，应用不定冠词限定，又因前有发音以元音音素开头的online修饰，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
37．
考查动词时态。句意：刘的健身活动非常受欢迎，到目前为止，迄今为止已经打破了抖音2022年的直播记录。根据时间状语so far可知，谓语动词break用现在完成时，主语Liu’s workout sessions复数，谓语复数形式。故填have broken。
38．
考查介词。句意：在一个月内，刘的直播流已经被观看了近一亿次，其中他最受欢迎的环节吸引了超过4400万的现场观看。根据后文“his most popular session attracting over 44 million live views”可知，这是考查“with+名词+非谓语”的复合结构。故填with。
39．
考查动词语态。句意：最受关注的健身活动之一是周杰伦专辑中的《本草纲目》。“one of+名词复数”后接谓语的单数形式。fitness routines和set是被动关系，且句子描述的是一般的情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is set。
40．
考查形容词。句意：在他的直播中，刘耕宏和他的妻子总是显得精力充沛，友好和健康。appear是系动词，根据后文的形容词friendly and healthy可知，此处应用形容词energetic，作表语。故填energetic。
41．
考查定语从句。句意：他们在向观众解释和展示自己的动作时，随着节奏加快的歌曲锻炼和跳舞，经常鼓励那些除了在自己的客厅锻炼之外别无选择的人。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是代词those，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
42．
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然刘耕宏的舞步看起来很简单，但对一些观众来说，其实很难跟上。根据句意可知，此处引导让步状语从句，应用although/though/while (虽然)，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
43．
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然刘耕宏的舞步看起来很简单，但对一些观众来说，其实很难跟上。固定句型sth. + be + adj. + to do.意为“做什么是怎么样的”，follow用动词不定式形式，主动表被动。故填to follow。
44．
考查名词。句意：许多网友甚至开玩笑说，49岁的老将正面临着与以销售策略闻名的中国“直播大王”李佳琦进行人气竞赛。根据语境可知，此处指“人气竞赛”，应用名词popularity，修饰名词contest，作定语。故填popularity。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。固定短语be known for意为“因为……而闻名”，该空是非谓语动词，用know的过去分词known，作后置定语，修饰名词Li Jiaqi。故填known。
46．Dear Phillip,
I’m so sorry to tell you that due to the bad weather, we have to postpone the original sports meeting.
The sports meeting will be postponed to next Tuesday in the school playground. The school leaders, teachers and all the students will participate in the meeting. There will be many sports that you will be very interested in, such as running, high jump, long jump and so on.
I sincerely invite you to join us in the sports meeting. Looking forward to your attending.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教菲利普斯写邮件，告知对方学校运动会将延期举行，并邀请他参加。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
由于：due to→because of
推迟：postpone→put off
参加：participate in→take part in
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The sports meeting will be postponed to next Tuesday in the school playground. The school leaders, teachers and all the students will participate in the meeting.
拓展句：The sports meeting, which the school leaders, teachers and all the students will participate in, will be postponed to next Tuesday in the school playground.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I’m so sorry to tell you that due to the bad weather, we have to postpone the original sports meeting.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】There will be many sports that you will be very interested in, such as running, high jump, long jump and so on.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
47．
第一段：
Finally, it was Brian's turn. Brian took the airplane that he had folded the day before. He walked up to the line and,with all his strength, he threw the plane. It went flying, farther and farther, until finally it landed 10 feet past Paul's plane! The whole school cheered. Brian won the contest. Mr Moose gave him a prize:a toy airplane.
第二段：
Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far. He did this by testing out many different designs and comparing the results. When he found the design that worked best and the paper airplane that flew the farthest, he was happy to use it.
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了科学老师穆斯先生决定学校将举办一场纸飞机比赛。每个学生都会设计一架纸飞机。然后他们会轮流扔飞机。飞机飞得最远的学生将获胜。学生布莱恩热爱飞机，真的想赢得比赛并通过自己不断琢磨并改善飞机，使飞机越飞越远。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛当天，所有的学生都在操场上排队。”可知，第一段可描写布莱恩展示自己的飞机并试飞获得第一名。
②由第二段首句内容“当布莱恩上前领取奖品时，全校都欢呼起来！”可知，第二段可对布莱恩飞获胜原因进行分析。
2.续写线索：尽全力参赛——取得第一——获得奖励—— 全校欢呼——分析获胜原因
3.词汇激活
行为类
用尽全力：with all one’s strength /try one’s best/with all one’s might
掷出：throw/toss
.对比：compare/ contrast/ make a comparison
情绪类
①.欢呼：cheer/ hail/scared
②.高兴：happy / glad/delighted
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Brian took the airplane that he had folded the day before.   (运用了that引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]. It went flying, farther and farther, until finally it landed 10 feet past Paul's plane!   (运用了until引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型3]. Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)