Unit 4 单元易错综合练习-高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）

Unit 4单元易错综合练习
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2022·云南·昆明一中高一期中）Apps to Help in a Disaster
Disasters almost always arrive unexpectedly. But there are computer apps to help people prepare for disasters. Some apps warn users when a disaster has taken place.
Siren GPS Mobile
The free Siren GPS Mobile app connects users to emergency (紧急事件) services at the tap of the screen. The app will let emergency workers know where the person in need is.
The app works over cellphone networks. But it also works on Wi-Fi if cellphone networks are down after an emergency.
Users can create a personal health report on the app to share with emergency services. This will provide information about medicines that users take, allergies (过敏反应) they might have and other medical information important to treatment decisions.
Life360
The Life360 app provides a service to keep the loved ones connected. Users can set up a network of people to share their location, chat and get informed when they are near someone in their network. People in the same network can use the app on iPhone and Android devices.
The app helps users communicate when they are in danger. The location sharing function can be suspended (暂停) when desired.
The Life360 app is free, with some services available for a fee.
Red Panic Button
When a person is in danger, the Red Panic Button app might help. This app can send a text message to chosen contacts providing the user’s location. You can also add a voice or video message or photo to your text and email.
This app can also be used to contact emergency services.
Red Panic Button is free, but extra features are available for a fee*
First Aid by American Red Cross
The free First Aid app by the American Red Cross helps guide users in giving first aid to the injured people. The app can also help with information to help plan for droughts, floods, storms and more.
Watch videos and take tests within the app. Users can switch the app from English to Spanish.
1．Which is not the feature of the Siren GPS Mobile app?
A．It connects users to emergency services.
B．It is useless if your cellphone network is down.
C．Rescuers can get your health information through it.
D．Rescue workers can know where the injured person is.
2．What can you do if you have the Life360 app?
A．Watch over your loved ones’ movements.
B．Keep connected with those in your network.
C．Share your health information with doctors directly.
D．Get hospital information immediately when in danger.
3．What may be the best choice if you want to get information about disasters in advance?
A．Siren GPS Mobile. B．Life360.
C．Red Panic Button. D．First Aid by American Red Cross.
B
（2022·青海玉树·高一期末）A great earthquake happened in southwestern China on May 12,2008, killing thousands of people. The quake struck Wenchuan and other parts of Sichuan Province in the middle of the afternoon and a number of school buildings, shops and homes were destroyed. The number of the dead and missing rose as rescue workers dug through flattened(夷为平地的)schools and homes to find survivors. It was reported that many people were still buried under the ruins in and around Mianyang, a city about 60 miles east of the epicenter(震中). People there spent a second night sleeping outside in the rain. The government ordered people not to return to their homes for safety concerns. Few lights were on in the city, and people ate and chatted by candlelight.
Rescue teams brought people to Mianyang's stadium for food and shelter. Outside the railway station, the police shouted in megaphones (扩音器) telling people where they could get free food. Buses carrying survivors left Beichuan, which is in the northeast of the epicenter and was also flattened by the quake. 1,000 students and teachers were killed or missing at a fallen high school in Beichuan County. At another school in the town of Juyuan, 900 students were buried under the ruins. There was little hope that many survivors would be found under the rubble. But officials asked the people not to give up hope. 20,000 soldiers arrived in the disaster area on the way by plane, train and truck and even on foot.
Thirty-one British tourists who were panda-watching in Wolong National Nature Reserve were safe. And the pandas were reported safe, too.
4．What was the weather like after the great earthquake in Mianyang?
A．Rainy. B．Windy. C．Sunny. D．Cloudy.
5．From the text, we can know that______
A．many people went back home to get some clothes and food
B．Beichuan County is in the southeast of the epicenter
C．some people were brought to a stadium in Mianyang
D．the government said people could return home
6．All these places are mentioned EXCEPT______
A．Beichuan B．Juyuan C．Mianyang D．Pingwu
7．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．How many people died in the earthquake. B．The earthquake that happened in China.
C．The places which were damaged. D．How the earthquake happened.
C
（2022·云南·西南联大附属学校高一期末）Typhoons in the northern part of the world have girls’ names. Sometimes they have very beautiful names. Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was the worst typhoon to hit Hong Kong in more than thirty years.
It began to rain early on the morning of Monday, August 16th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, Typhoon Rose was still 130 miles away but already the wind was blowing people’s umbrellas away. The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon full of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors (锚). Some very big ships went out to sea. It is safer for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because then it cannot be blown onto rocks. Kai Tak Airport closed. No planes were able to take off or land. At 9:00 in the evening, all lights went out.
No one slept well that night. It is difficult to sleep in such bad weather.
In Typhoon Rose, more than one hundred people died. 229 people were injured and 66 of these had to go to hospital. 1,500 people lost their homes. The people of Hong Kong will no quickly forget Typhoon Rose!
8．Typhoon Rose came to Hong Kong _______ .
A．early in the morning B．on a summer day
C．in the autumn of 1971 D．on a cold Monday
9．The boats went inside the shelters because _______ .
A．shelters were full of boats B．people in the boats could go home
C．it was safer to stay there D．all lights went out
10．How many people died in Typhoon Rose?
A．66. B．1,500. C．229. D．Over 100.
11．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Typhoon Rose B．The Ships in the Typhoon
C．The People in the Typhoon D．The Typhoon Shelters
D
（2022·陕西·绥德中学高一期中）Keep your eyes on the sky—it looks like this year will be a big year for tornadoes(飓风). As of the first week in April, there have already been 445 tornadoes in the United States. Last year, there were only 96 tornadoes by the beginning of April. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), a government agency that studies the environment, this marks the strongest tornado activity in the first three months of any year since 1999. Previous years with a busy start have produced high numbers of tornadoes throughout the year.
For those living in “Tornado Alley” from west Texas all the way up to North Dakota, springtime is tornado time. What exactly causes a tornado? Tornadoes form when wet and warm air is caught under dry and cool air. When the warm air rises, it upsets the cool air, spinning the air into a funnel-like shape(漏斗形). The spinning air is officially called a tornado once it touches the ground. These tornadoes can reach extremely high speeds, sometimes more than 250 miles per hour!
Scientists try to measure the speed and damage of tornadoes using what is called the Fujita Scale, or F-scale. The scale ranges from F0, with winds under 73 mph, to F5, with winds between 261 and 318 mph. Violent tornadoes in the F4 and F5 grades sometimes last more than an hour, and cause tremendous damage, often destroying everything for hundreds of mils. Fortunately, these account for less than 1 percent of all tornadoes.
If the first three months of this year are any indication, there are more tornadoes to come. Remember, the best way to stay safe during a tornado is to find shelter in the basement(地下室) of a strong building, avoiding windows. Experts warn against trying to escape a tornado in a car.
12．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．How a tornado is formed. B．What damage tornadoes cause.
C．What affects tornado time. D．How fast tornadoes move.
13．What does the underlined word “tremendous” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Regular. B．Limited. C．Huge. D．Similar.
14．What shall we do to keep safe during a tornado?
A．Hide in a car. B．Keep windows open.
C．Stay in a basement. D．Sit under a tree.
15．What can be learned from the text?
A．NOAA is mainly responsible for disaster relief.
B．Tornado activity is still completely unknown.
C．Years with warmer weather saw few tornadoes.
D．Tornadoes will happen more frequently this year.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2022·贵州毕节·高一期末）Earthquakes happen without warning (前兆). They can happen any time of a day, at any point during the year. But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt. ____16____ However, it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening.
____17____ You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线).
Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. ____18____
Also keep away from a fire. ____19____
If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it’s safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, and don’t drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees.
____20____
A．Do not go outside.
B．These could fall and hurt you.
C．Only a few big ones hurt people.
D．Every earthquake can cause disaster.
E．You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire.
F．Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.
G．Most people get injured by falling things in an earthquake, not by the shaking itself.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2022·全国·高一）The earthquake（地震） was over and the city was in ruins.
I had no choice but to walk home when all the ____21____ had stopped as a result of the quake. On my way home I ____22____ an old lady at a bakery shop giving out free bread, which made my heart ____23____. A man was holding a sign saying, "Please use our ____24____." He was____25____ his house for people to go to the bathroom.
My friend, who wanted to be of help to others, stood in the cold with a sign "If you don't ____26____ a car, I'll be glad to drive you home." And then I saw him pick up an old man and drive him all the way to a faraway place!
Then next day I drove to have my car filled up. There was not enough ____27____ now and many gas stations were either closed or have very ____28____ lines. I got worried, since I was behind fifteen cars. Finally, when my turn came, the man smiled and said, " ____29____ this terrible earthquake, we are only giving $ 30 worth gas per person. Is that alright?" " _____30_____. It's nice that we are all able to share," I said. His smile gave me so much comfort.
At the escape centre I saw a man _____31_____ when people brought food to him. It was the first time in three days that food had been brought to their centre. However, after he cleaned up the tears, his next _____32_____ surprised me. "I am very _____33_____ that we are provided with food. But people in the city next to us haven't _____34_____ any food at all. Please go to that centre as well."
Hearing that, I believed there was a bright future on the other side of this _____35_____.
21．A．life B．business C．rescue D．traffic
22．A．noticed B．missed C．ignored D．told
23．A．kind B．broken C．warm D．empty
24．A．hotel B．toilet C．hospital D．car
25．A．opening B．selling C．repairing D．building
26．A．buy B．care C．matter D．have
27．A．gas B．information C．food D．water
28．A．direct B．fine C．long D．thin
29．A．Except for B．Together with C．Instead of D．Because of
30．A．Not at all B．Of course C．No way D．Never mind
31．A．crying B．eating C．smiling D．singing
32．A．ways B．roles C．words D．promises
33．A．sure B．grateful C．surprised D．proud
34．A．bought B．wasted C．prepared D．received
35．A．disaster B．chance C．city D．centre
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
（2022·全国·高一专题练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Strange things were happening in Tangshan. For a few days, the water in the wells rose and fell. From the cracks in the well walls, some smelly gas came out. Mice, chickens and pigs became nervous. ____36____ people didn't realize that one of the deadly earthquakes was on the way.
The earthquake which destroyed the city ____37____(shock) the people. At 3:42 am, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to ____38____ end. In less than one minute, the city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people died or were ____39____(injure). Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. However, hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, soldiers were sent ____40____ (rescue) the people. They dug out those who ____41____(trap) and buried the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors ____42____ homes had been destroyed. ____43____(slow), the city began to breathe again.
With strong support from the government, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The city has proved ____44____ China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the _____45_____(wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．（2022·辽宁葫芦岛·高一阶段练习）假定你是李华，你校将举办一场以“How to survive an earthquake”为主题的讲座。请你写封邮件邀请你的外国朋友George参加，内容包括：
1.邮件的目的；
2.讲座的主要内容；
3.讲座的时间和地点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear George,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47．（2022·山东省郓城第一中学高一期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Everyone in my drama class saw the paper in my hands shaking when I stood up to try out for a lead role in the yearly school Thanksgiving play. I was there because the teacher wanted everyone to try out for a part.
Being shy and not confident, I began nervously reading the part for the main character, Star. She had no parents. Feeling so sorry for her, I finished reading.
Later when reading the name list, the teacher looked at me and announced, “Patty, you play Star. Come and get your script (剧本).”I was shocked. Jim, an excellent boy, was playing the other lead.To learn my lines, I practiced every day and finally memorized them. I became more confident and happier.
Then we started practising acting. Jim played the character, a Scrooge (吝啬鬼), who is unwilling to put a candle in his window so that the light will show passers-by the slippery ice on the path below. On the Thanksgiving day, Star comes along, falls on the ice and gets injured.
Finally feeling bad, the Scrooge helps her up. To thank him, Star kisses his hand.
One day, before our drama class started, I saw a terrible drawing of me on the blackboard with words: Falling Star. I was laughed at by someone.
The teacher asked,“Who did this?” Nobody knew. We started rehearsing (排练), but my heart wasn’t in it. The teacher told me not to care about the silly trick; it wouldn’t happen again. But I was sad and anxious, wanting to quit. Finally I moved on and continually worked hard for the play.
Soon it was the day before the show. It was time for the dress rehearsal. I was excited. Everything went smoothly at the dress rehearsal until the scene where I slipped on the ice and the Scrooge helped me up.
When I kissed his hand, a terrible noise and laughter sounded from behind the set. I quickly left the stage and hurried into an empty room. With tears, I said, “I can’t do it. Please get someone else!”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
Suddenly, I felt a gentle hand on my shoulder.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The following Thanksgiving day, we were ready for the play.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B
2．B
3．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。介绍了在灾难时有帮助的几款应用程序。
1．细节理解题。根据Siren GPS Mobile下列第二段中“But it also works on Wi-Fi if cellphone networks are down after an emergency. (但如果紧急情况下手机网络中断，它也可以在Wi-Fi上运行。)”可知，选项B“如果你的手机网络坏了，它就没用了。”不是Siren GPS Mobile应用程序的特点。故选B项。
2．
细节理解题。根据Life360下列第一段中“The Life360 app provides a service to keep the loved ones connected. (Life360应用程序提供了一种让亲人保持联系的服务。)”可知，如果你有Life360应用程序，你能和你社交圈里的人保持联系。故选B项。
3．
推理判断题。根据First Aid by American Red Cross下列段落中“The app can also help with information to help plan for droughts, floods, storms and more. (该应用程序还可以提供信息，有助于对干旱、洪水、风暴等做出计划。)”可知，如果你想提前获得灾难的信息，最好的选择是First Aid by American Red Cross。故选D项。
4．A
5．C
6．D
7．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。主要描写四川汶川大地震的情况。
4．
细节理解题。根据第一段“People there spent a second night sleeping outside in the rain. ”（那里的人们在雨中度过了第二个晚上。）可知，地震后的绵阳是在下雨。故选A。
5．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Rescue teams brought people to Mianyang's stadium for food and shelter. ”（救援队将人们带到绵阳体育馆，寻找食物和住所。）可知，一些灾民被送到了体育馆。故选C。
6．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Beichuan(北川)”，“Juyuan(聚源)”以及“Mianyang(绵阳)”可知，只有D项“Pingwu(平武)”未提及。故选D。
7．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A great earthquake happened in southwestern China on May 12,2008, killing thousands of people.The quake struck Wenchuan and other parts of Sichuan Province in the middle of the afternoon and a number of school buildings, shops and homes were destroyed. ”（2008年5月12日，中国西南部发生大地震，数千人死亡。地震于下午三点左右袭击了汶川和四川省其他地区，一些校舍、商店和房屋被毁。）可知，这篇文章主要描写四川汶川大地震的情况。故选B。
8．B
9．C
10．D
11．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了香港最严重的一次台风——“玫瑰”，及其给香港造成的损失和伤害。
8．
细节理解题。根据第二段“It began to rain early on the morning of Monday, August 16th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, Typhoon Rose was still 130 miles away but already the wind was blowing people’s umbrellas away. The wind became stronger and stronger.(1971年8月16日，星期一，清晨开始下雨。上午十点，台风玫瑰仍在130英里外，但风已经把人们的雨伞吹走了。风越来越大了)”可知，台风玫瑰在八月的一天登录香港，即在夏天的一天。故选B项。
9．
推理判断题。根据第二段“The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon full of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors (锚). Some very big ships went out to sea. It is safer for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because then it cannot be blown onto rocks.(避风港很快就挤满了船只。那些太大而无法进入避风港的船会放下更多的锚。一些非常大的船出海。大船在台风中出海更安全，因为这样它就不会被吹到岩石上)”并结合常识可推知，小船体积小，重量轻，所以台风来时，停在避风港更安全。故选C项。
10．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“In Typhoon Rose, more than one hundred people died.(在台风玫瑰中，一百多人死亡)”可知，有超过100人死亡。故选D项。
11．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was the worst typhoon to hit Hong Kong in more than thirty years.(玫瑰是一个美丽的名字，但台风玫瑰一点也不美丽。这是三十多年来袭击香港最严重的台风)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了香港三十多年来最严重的台风“玫瑰”，所以“台风玫瑰”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。
12．A
13．C
14．C
15．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了龙卷风的形成，特点及遇到龙卷风时应采取的措施。
12．
主旨大意题。根据第二段“What exactly causes a tornado?(究竟是什么导致了龙卷风)”可知，本段主要讲述龙卷风的形成原因。故选A。
13．
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Violent tornadoes in the F4 and F5 grades sometimes last more than an hour(F4和F5级的猛烈龙卷风有时持续一个多小时)”以及“often destroying everything for hundreds of mils(常常摧毁数百公里内一切)”可知，此处F4及F5级龙卷风很猛烈，持续时间长，能摧毁数百公里内的一切，因此，它的破坏力是非常巨大的，所以划线单词的含义可以推断是“巨大的”。故选C。
14．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Remember, the best way to stay safe during a tornado is to find shelter in the basement(地下室) of a strong building, avoiding windows. Experts warn against trying to escape a tornado in a car.(记住,在龙卷风中保持安全的最好方法是找到住所在地下室强大的建筑,远离窗口。专家警告说，不要试图乘坐汽车逃离龙卷风)”可知，面对龙卷风时，专家建议到地下室去，远离窗口，不要乘坐汽车。故选C。
15．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If the first three months of this year are any indication, there are more tornadoes to come(如果今年前三个月有什么预兆的话，那就是更多的龙卷风即将来临)”可知，今年前三个月，会有更多地龙卷风来临。故选D。
16．C
17．A
18．F
19．E
20．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了地震发生时应该怎么做。
16．
根据空前一句“But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt.(但不用担心，因为大多数地震都很微弱，感觉不到)”可知，大部分地震是小地震，没什么伤害，C项“只有少数大地震会伤害到人。”承接前文，与前面形成对比。故选C项。
17．
根据空后“You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings.(你可能会因为掉落的玻璃或建筑物的一部分而受伤)”可知，如果在外面会因为掉落的建筑物而受伤，所以空处应是建议A项“不要去室外。”故选A项。
18．
空前两句“Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing.(或者躲在大楼的角落里。用胳膊遮住脸和头，用毛巾或衣服遮住嘴)”讲述地震发生时在室内要采取的措施，F项“在晃动停止并确认外出安全后，方可离开室内”承接前文，符合语境，故选F项。
19．
根据空前一句“Also keep away from a fire.(也要远离火源)”可知，此处讲述地震发生时要远离火，E项“你可能跌倒，被火烧伤。”符合语境，故选E项。
20．
根据空前一句“Try not to stop by power lines or trees.(尽量不要停留在电线或或树木旁边)”可知，B项“这些可能掉落下来伤到你”讲述原因，故选B项。
21．D
22．A
23．C
24．B
25．A
26．D
27．A
28．C
29．D
30．B
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．D
35．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者所生活的城市遭受了地震，很多人的无私援助让作者感到温暖，而一些受灾群众的举动也让作者感到这个城市会有光明的未来。
21．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择，只能步行回家，因为所有的交通都因为地震而停运了。A. life生活；B. business生意；C. rescue救援；D. traffic交通。根据“I had no choice but to walk home”可知，地震使得交通瘫痪，作者只能步行回家，故选D。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我注意到一位面包店的老太太在免费分发面包，这让我感到很温暖。A. noticed注意到；B. missed想念；C. ignored忽视；D. told告诉。下文“an old lady at a bakery shop giving out free bread”是作者在回家的路上看到的暖心一幕，故选A。
23．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. kind善良的；B. broken破碎的；C. warm温暖的；D. empty空的。根据语境，地震后老太太免费分发面包的一幕让作者感到很温暖，故选C。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名男子举着一块牌子，上面写着：“请用我们的卫生间。”A. hotel酒店；B. toilet卫生间；C. hospital医院；D. car轿车。根据下文“the bathroom”可知此处指“卫生间”，故选B。
25．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打开家门让人们使用卫生间。A. opening打开、开放；B. selling销售；C. repairing修理；D. building建造。根据“his house for people to go to the bathroom.”可知，他打开家门让人们使用卫生间，故选A。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友想帮助别人，他冒着严寒站在那里，举着一个牌子：“如果你没有车，我很乐意开车送你回家”。A. buy买；B. care在乎；C. matter要紧；D. have有。根据“I'll be glad to drive you home.”可知，他主动提出开车送没有车的人回家，故选D。
27．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在没有足够的汽油，许多加油站要么关闭，要么排很长的队。A. gas汽油；B. information信息；C. food食物；D. water水。根据下文“gas stations”可知此处指汽油供应不足，故选A。
28．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. direct直接的；B. fine好的；C. long长的；D. thin瘦的。根据语境和常识，由于汽油供应不足，加油需要排很长的队，故选C。
29．
考查介词短语辨析。句意：最后，轮到我的时候，那个人笑着说：“由于这场大地震，我们每人只提供价值30美元的汽油，可以么？”A. Except for除了；B. Together with和、与……一起；C. Instead of而不是；D. Because of由于。根据语境，地震是造成汽油供应不足的原因，故选D。
30．
考查固定短语辨析。句意：当然（可以）。A. Not at all没关系；B. Of course当然；C. No way不可能；D. Never mind不客气。根据“It's nice that we are all able to share”可知，作者同意工作人员的说法，故选B。
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在紧急避难中心，我看到一个人在别人给他送食物时哭了。A. crying哭；B. eating吃；C. smiling微笑；D. singing歌唱。根据下文“after he cleaned up the tears”可知，他感动得哭了，故选A。
32．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他擦干眼泪后，他接下来的话让我吃惊。A. ways方法；B. roles角色；C. words话语；D. promises承诺。下文引号里的内容是那个人说的话，故选C。
33．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我们有食物吃。但在我们隔壁的城市里，人们根本没有收到任何食物。请也去那个避难中心（送食物）。A. sure确定的；B. grateful感激的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. proud骄傲的。根据语境和常识，在地震后得到食物应该是非常感激的，故选B。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bought买；B. wasted浪费；C. prepared准备；D. received收到。根据转折连词But及下文“Please go to that centre as well.”可知，隔壁城市的受灾群众根本没有收到任何食物，故选D。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这些，我相信在这个城市有一个光明的未来。A. disaster灾难；B. chance机会；C. city城市；D. centre中心。根据文章开头“the city was in ruins”可知，作者相信在这个城市有一个光明的未来，故选C。
36．But
37．shocked
38．an
39．injured
40．to rescue
41．were trapped
42．whose
43．Slowly
44．to
45．wisdom
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了二十世纪发生在中国的唐山大地震；其中包括震前的征兆；地震发生的具体时间；地震造成的破坏程度以及伤亡人数；地震的救援情况等。
36．
考查连词。句意：老鼠，鸡和猪变得紧张。但是人们没有意识到一场致命的地震即将来临。前后内容是转折关系，应用but，句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。
37．
考查时态。句意：摧毁这座城市的地震震惊了人们。描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，故填shocked。
38．
考查冠词。句意：似乎世界末日就要来了。结合句意表示“结束”短语为come to an end。故填an。
39．
考查时态语态。句意：三分之二的人死亡或受伤。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据空前were可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故填injured。
40．
考查非谓语动词。句意： 地震发生后不久，士兵们被派去营救人们。分析句子结构可知rescue在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处不定式作目的状语，故填to rescue。
41．
考查时态语态。句意：他们挖出了被困的人，埋葬了死者。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语与先行词those保持一致，用复数。故填were trapped。
42．
考查定语从句。句意：工作人员为家园被毁的幸存者建造庇护所。此处为定语从句修饰先行词survivors ，在从句中作定语，故填whose。
43．
考查副词。句意：慢慢地城市开始恢复生机。修饰后文整个句子应用副词slowly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Slowly。
44．
考查介词。句意：这座城市向中国和世界证明了人们必须团结起来，展示智慧，保持乐观，重建美好的未来。结合句意表示“向……证明”短语为prove to。故填to。
45．
考查名词。句意：这座城市向中国和世界证明了人们必须团结起来，展示智慧，保持乐观，重建美好的未来。此处作宾语，表示“智慧”应用名词wisdom，表抽象概念，不可数。故填wisdom。
46．Dear George,
I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture about “How to survive an earthquake”, which will be held in our school hall next Monday. The relevant details are as follows.
To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, making us know the horrible result of an earthquake. Then the specialist will give us some guidelines for surviving an earthquake, such as how to signal for help if you are trapped. Though we can't stop earthquakes, the harm they bring us can be reduced if we do the right things.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份写邮件邀请外国朋友George参加以“How to survive an earthquake”为主题的讲座。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
举办：hold→host
首先：to begin with→first of all
参加：attend→take part in
建议：lecture→speech
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, making us know the horrible result of an earthquake.
拓展句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, whose aim is to make us know the horrible result of an earthquake.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture about   “How to survive an earthquake”, which will be held in our school hall next Monday. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Then the specialist will give us some guidelines for surviving an earthquake, such as how to signal for help if you are trapped.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
47．One possible version:
Suddenly, I felt a gentle hand on my shoulder. I heard voices and a warm hand took mine. I looked up and saw concerned faces. Jim and several other classmates had come after me. “Please, don’t drop out...” they said and tried to comfort me. Later, the teacher found the troublemaker Peter, who loved making silly tricks. And he apologized to me. Encouraged by my friendly teacher and so many kind classmates, I went back onstage and finished the scene with no further interruptions.
The following Thanksgiving day, we were ready for the play. Throughout the performance, we could hear laughter from the audience from time to time. When the performance was over, they gave us a big round of applause. In the following weeks, schoolmates often came up to say, “You were good!” I was glad my hard work and determination as well as many people’s support had helped me to perform successfully. It positively shaped my later life.
【解析】
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了性格害羞且不自信的作者参加学校感恩节戏剧的主角试演并最终得到了那个角色，作者努力背台词，变得自信且快乐，但在一次戏剧课开始前有人在黑板上写下了嘲笑作者的话语，作者很难过，在演出前一天的排练中，作者又遭到嘲笑，作者匆忙逃离舞台，流着泪请求退出。随后作者的同学都来鼓励作者，作者又重回舞台完成彩排，并最终在感恩节时，成功演出，得到了大家的夸赞。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，我感到有一只温柔的手放在我的肩膀上。”可知，第一段可描写同学们来安慰作者，恶作剧的始作俑者也向作者道歉，作者回到舞台完成彩排。
②由第二段首句内容“接下来的感恩节，我们为演出做好了准备。”可知，第二段可描写作者和同学们一起成功完成演出，作者受到同学们的夸赞。
2.续写线索：
同学们安慰——Peter道歉——受到鼓励，返回舞台完成彩排——演出成功——受到夸赞——作者感到高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①道歉：apologize/make an apology
②返回：go back/return
③受到……的鼓励：encouraged by…/inspired by…
情绪类
①关心的：concerned/caring
②高兴：glad/happy
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Later, the teacher found the troublemaker Peter, who loved making silly tricks.（由关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. When the performance was over, they gave us a big round of applause.（由从属连词when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]. I was glad my hard work and determination as well as many people’s support had helped me to perform successfully.（省略连接词that的宾语从句）