辽宁省葫芦岛普通高中2022-2023学年高三上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题

这是一份辽宁省葫芦岛普通高中2022-2023学年高三上学期期末学业质量监测英语试题，文件包含辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中2022-2023学年高三质量监测考试英语试题解析版docx、辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中2022-2023学年高三质量监测考试英语试题原卷版docx、高三英语听力4mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。

2023年1月葫芦岛市普通高中学业质量监测考试
高三英语
考生注意：
1.试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸。试卷包括I卷和Ⅱ卷两部分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上按要求填写信息，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。I卷部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，Ⅱ卷部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
第Ⅰ卷(三部分，共95分)
第一部分听力(共两节：满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest doing?
A. Seeing a play. B. Going on a diet. C. Having some ice cream.
2. What did the boy forget yesterday?
A. His ruler. B. His glasses. C. His schoolbag.
3. What will the woman do this afternoon?
A. Go to the park. B. Take pictures. C. Attend a class.
4. What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. A handbag. B. A dress. C. A phone.
5. How does the man usually travel?
A. By car. B. By bus. C.By train.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why can’t the speakers go to the zoo?
A. It isn’t open. B. They can’t afford it. C.It has moved away.
7. What have the speakers decided to do?
A. Stay at home. B. Go horse-riding. C. Go to the movies.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Old teammates. B. Teacher and student. C. Former classmates.
9. What is the woman more interested in now?
A. Playing tennis. B. Playing the piano. C. Playing basketball.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至12三个小题。
10. Which subject does the boy probably prefer?
A. History. B.Politics. C.Art.
11. What do the girl’s parents expect her to be?
A. A restaurant manager. B. A politician. C. A teacher.
12. What is the girl good at?
A. Dealing with people. B. Working with kids. C. Painting pictures.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至16四个小题。
13. What information can visitors learn about in the museum?
A. Different trees. B. Wild birds. C. The weather.
14. When did the woman visit the museum?
A. Last Thursday. B.Last Saturday. C. Last Sunday
15. How long did it take the woman to get back home from the museum?
A. About 15 minutes. B. About 20 minutes C. About 30 minutes
16. Who can get free access to the museum?
A. One under 15. B. One under 17. C. One under ll
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20四个小题。
17. What did the speaker do yesterday morning?
A. She watched a play.
B. She visited an old theater.
C. She went to a fishing village.
18. What did the speaker visit during the guided tour?
A. A palace. B. The ruins of a library. C. The sea.
19. Where did the speaker have lunch yesterday?
A. Beside a waterfall. B. Next to a lake. C. In a village.
20. What did the speaker think of her trip to the carpet factory?
A. Dull. B. Unforgettable. C. Fantastic.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Fun Summer Books for Grades 9—12
Yes, even some high-schools appreciate recommendations for vacation books. Encourage your high-school child to read with this list of approachable teen titles. Or surprise your teen with one of these books when you reach the beach and boredom sets in!
►Brown Girl Dreaming,by Jacqueline Woodson
This collection of simple poems reveals what it was like to grow up as a young African American girl in the 1960s and 1970s. Woodson’s autobiographical poetry overflows with love for her family. Brown Girl Dreaming won multiple awards, so il may be assigned class reading in coming years.
►Tunnel Vision, by Susan Adrian
Jake has a secret skill. When he holds something that belongs to another person, he can locate them, wherever they are. Once the government learns of Jake’s powers, it insists that he use his skill to find criminals. In this spy novel,Jake has to decide just how far he’s willing to risk his own safety in order to protect and help others. It is a series of modern graphic novels that have the look of classic cartoons.
►The Shadow Hero,by Gene Lu en Yang
Can your mom force you to become a superhero? That’s what Hank Chu finds out. A Chinese American teen in 1940， Hank is reluctant to stand up to the gangs(匪徒)in his neighborhood who threaten his family’s grocery store. But as the masked Green Turtle, he may just have the confidence to protect his family and fight back.
►Half My Facebook Friends Are Ferrets,by J. A. Buckle
Things aren’t exactly panning out for 17-year-old Josh. He wants lo be a heavy metal guitarist. And he and his pals wish they had girlfriends. But regular teenage obstacles like bossy parents and poor self-confidence have been holding him back.
1. Who is the text intended for?
A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Teenagers. D. Vacationers.
2. Which book best suits people who adore picture books?
A. Tunnel Vision. B. The Shadow Hero.
C. Brown Girl Dreaming. D. Half My Facebook Friends Are Ferrets.
3. What do Brown Girl Dreaming and The Shadow hero have in common?
A. Both are set in the 1940s. B. Both won several awards.
C. Both will be taught at schools. D. Both reflect care for the family.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章推荐了一些9到12年级的暑期趣味读物。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Encourage your high-school child…(鼓励你上高中的孩子……)”和“Or surprise your teen…(或者给你的孩子惊喜……)”可知，本文目标读者为青少年孩子的家长，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段对Tunnel Vision描述的最后一句“It is a series of modern graphic novels that have the look of classic cartoons.(这是一系列具有经典动画片外观的现代漫画小说)”可知，Tunnel Vision为漫画小说，适合喜欢图画书的人。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段对Brown Girl Dreaming的描述“Woodson’s autobiographical poetry overflows with love for her family.(Woodson的自传体诗歌充满了对家人的爱)”和第四段对The Shadow Hero的描述“But as the masked Green Turtle, he may just have the confidence to protect his family and fight back.(但作为蒙面绿海龟，他可能只是有信心保护他的家人和反击)”可知，两者的共同点是反映了对家人的关爱，故选D。
B
We bought a Shamrock trailer (房车) in the fall of 2019 in anticipation (期待) of our three-month journey to Baja, Mexico. The camper (露营车) would be home base for all the fun and adventure our family, myself, my husband and our three teenagers, would have all the way.
It took three days to drive from Calgary to Las Vegas and the temperature went from negative 30 to 15 °F-a miracle! But by the time we made it to San Diego, California, we had visited two RV mechanics to fix water leaking from the water tank and a bed heater blowing up. Thankfully, while we waited for repairs, we could listen to waves lapping on the shore.
Eventually, we crossed the border into Mexico at Tijuana and pushed our way down the shore coast. While we swam, ate Mexican food and watched sunsets, the Shamrock kept throwing us surprises. We all learned to savor (尽情享受) the good moments while dealing with the bad.
Driving through Utah, our truck began making noises. The truck’s engine had completely broken, and we needed a new one. We holed up (躲) in St. George, Utah, to wait for repairs. One evening, we were heating up dinner when the oven let out a big WHUMP! The whole camper shook.
After a few weeks, we left our truck in Utah—the engine repair wasn’t going too well—and drove home to Calgary. There could not have been five travelers so happy to stay in their house for two weeks.
Eventually, we hired someone to drive our truck and the Shamrock to Calgary, but he arrived with just the truck. The camper was causing problems, and the keys got lost, so it was left in Idaho. It’s still there; we recently marked its one-and-a-half-year anniversary of storage.
This brings me to the point of this essay: For Sale: A lively 30-foot Shamrock camper. Keeps you on your toes! Sleeps five. S9,000. Pick-up is somewhere in Idaho. Bring some tools to break into it.
4. What can we learn about the author’s self-driving tour?
A. The tour lasted for about one month.
B. They drove a Shamrock all the way during the tour.
C. Their truck stopped working when they arrived at San Diego.
D. They enjoyed the tour despite some unexpected problems.
5. What does the underlined word “surprises” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Breakdowns. B. Beautiful scenery.
C. Amazing functions. D. Quality after-sales service.
6. What is the tone of the article?
A. Unhappy. B. Serious. C. Amusing. D. Exciting.
7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the article?
A. To suggest the places to travel.
B. To advertise her Shamerock camper.
C. To record the happy moments in life.
D. To complain about her campers.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和家人驾驶Shamerock露营车去Baja。途中露营车问题百出，但幸运的是他们欣赏到了美妙的景色。作者最终决定卖掉这辆露营车。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It took three days to drive from Calgary to Las Vegas and the temperature went from negative 30 to 15 F-a miracle! But by the time we made it to San Diego, California, we had visited two RV mechanics to fix water leaking from the water tank and a bed heater blowing up. Thankfully, while we waited for repairs, we could listen to waves lapping on the shore.(从卡尔加里开车到拉斯维加斯花了三天时间，气温从零下30华氏度上升到15华氏度——真是奇迹!但当我们到达加州圣地亚哥时，我们已经拜访了两名房车修理工，修理水箱漏水和床加热器爆炸的问题。值得庆幸的是，在等待维修的时候，我们可以听到海浪拍击海岸的声音)”和第三段的“While we swam, ate Mexican food and watched sunsets, the Shamrock kept throwing us surprises. We all learned to savor (尽情享受) the good moments while dealing with the bad.(当我们游泳、吃墨西哥菜、看日落时，Shamrock不断给我们带来惊喜。我们都学会了在处理不好的事情时享受美好的时刻)”可知，虽然遭遇了意料之外的问题，但他们都很享受那次旅行。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Thankfully, while we waited for repairs, we could listen to waves lapping on the shore.(值得庆幸的是，在等待维修的时候，我们可以听到海浪拍击海岸的声音)”，和第三段的“We all learned to savor (尽情享受) the good moments while dealing with the bad.(我们都学会了在处理不好的事情时享受美好的时刻)”可知，surprise是反语，事实上是指旅途中车出的问题。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It’s still there; we recently marked its one-and-a-half-year anniversary of storage.(它还在那里;我们最近纪念了它储存一年半的纪念日)”和最后一段“This brings me to the point of this essay: For Sale: A lively 30-foot Shamrock camper. Keeps you on your toes! Sleeps five. S9,000. Pick-up is somewhere in Idaho. Bring some tools to break into it.(这让我想到了这篇文章的要点：出售：一辆30英尺长的活泼的Shamrock营车。让你保持警觉!睡五个人。S9,000。接车地点在爱达荷州。带些工具进去)”中的anniversary of storage，lively，keeps you on your toes，somewhere in Idaho等词推知，作者写本文的口吻是有趣的、逗人开心的。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This brings me to the point of this essay: For Sale: A lively 30-foot Shamrock camper. Keeps you on your toes! Sleeps five. S9,000. Pick-up is somewhere in Idaho. Bring some tools to break into it.(这让我想到了这篇文章的要点：出售：一辆30英尺长的活泼的Shamrock营车。让你保持警觉!睡五个人。S9,000。接车地点在爱达荷州。带些工具进去)”可知，作者写本文的目的是为自己的Shamerock打广告，希望把它卖掉。故选B。
C
Have you ever thrown a camel? Camels are large and heavy animals, so it would be hard to do so. But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic of the Congo, “to throw a camel” is a way of saying “to make a spelling mistake”. In the past, a phrase like that was not accepted by the French government as an official French term. But recently, the French Ministry of Culture worked on a new kind of dictionary that accepts the idea that many people in other countries and regions speak the language. The language has changed as time goes by and is different in places like Ivory Coast in West Africa or Quebec in Canada, compared to how it is in Paris.
The new online French dictionary includes new French words from around the world. It was released (发布) on March 18—just in time for International Francophonie Day on March 20. After its release, it is updated (更新) on a regular basis. It now contains about 600,000 terms. The French Culture Minister says the dictionary is not just for France’s 67 million citizens, but for the 300 million French speakers worldwide.
Supporters say the new dictionary is more democratic (大众化的) than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educated French people spoke. Official dictionaries produced by the French Academy in Paris were first published hundreds of years ago and are regularly updated. The online dictionary, however, has a new part you cannot find in a book. If you live in Senegal, for example, you can search the dictionary, and it will give you the meaning of a word based on its use in that country.
“The French no longer have a monopoly (独占) on French,” a French magazine that supports the dictionary wrote recently. “And that is good news”.
8. What do we know about the phrase “to throw a camel”?
A. It tells us camels are too large to be thrown.
B. It can be found in an ancient French dictionary.
C. It is a phrase still not accepted by the French government.
D. It can be used when you see someone makes a spelling mistake.
9. How is the online French dictionary different from other dictionaries?
A. It needs updating regularly. B. It is mainly for non-French speakers.
C. It takes in worldwide French usages. D. It includes few official French terms.
10. What do the supporters think of the dictionary?
A. It helps spread standard French. B. It’ll attract more people to learn French.
C. It’ll benefit French’s development. D. It brings 300 million French speakers.
11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Culture. B. Opinion. C. Technology. D. Lifestyle.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新在线词典，这个词典叫做讲法语者词典，收录了来自世界各地的新法语单词。文章还介绍了这一词典的特点以及想法的起源。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“But in the French-speaking Democratic Republic of the Congo, “to throw a camel” is a way of saying “to make a spelling mistake”. (但在讲法语的刚果民主共和国，“扔骆驼”是“犯拼写错误”的一种说法)”可知，如果在刚果民主共和国用法语对别人说“扔骆驼”，意思就是这个人犯了拼写错误。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句话“In the past, a phrase like that was not accepted by the French government as an official French term. (在过去，这样的短语不被法国政府接受为官方法语术语)”以及第二段的第一句话“The new online French dictionary includes new French words from around the world. (新的在线法语词典收录了来自世界各地的法语新词)”可知，该法语在线词典的特殊之处在于它收录了世界各地的法语用法。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话“Supporters say the new dictionary is more democratic (大众化的) than earlier French dictionaries that only showed the way highly educated French people spoke. (支持者表示，新词典比早期的法语词典更民主，早期的法语字典只显示了受过高等教育的法国人的说话方式)”以及最后一段““The French no longer have a monopoly (独占) on French,” a French magazine that supports the dictionary wrote recently. “And that is good news”.(“法国人不再垄断法语，”一家支持该词典的法国杂志最近写道。“这是个好消息”)”可知，在支持者们看来，这一词典更加大众化，法语不再是法国人的“专享物”了。由此可推断，它更有利于法语的发展。故选C。
【11题详解】
文章出处题。文章主要介绍了一个新的在线词典，这个词典叫做讲法语者词典，收录了来自世界各地的新法语单词。文章还介绍了这一词典的特点以及想法的起源。由此可知，本文可能出自报纸的文化板块。故选A。
D
Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space, such as rockets and satellites? It’s called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. According to NASA, the definition of space junk is “any man-made object in orbit (轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function”.
One large piece of space junk, a disused rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on March 4. The rocket’s origin is not clear, but scientists know that it was massive – weighing about 3 tons. It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 to 20 meters wide, on the moon’s surface. It won’t be visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it. “We will find the crater, eventually,” Mark Robinson, lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, told USA TODAY. “Depending on its location, it could take as long as 28 days.”
What’s significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earth’s orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station (ISS) are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris (残骸), smaller than a millimeter, caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause. The European Space Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10 cm “could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces”. If this sounds terrifying, that’s because it is. Any collision with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.
In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earth’s surface where it can affect the local environment. Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that are harmful to plant and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC.
12. Which of the following can be regarded as space junk?
A. An abandoned space station.
B. A spacecraft orbiting the moon.
C. A crater on the moon’s surface.
D. A satellite working in low Earth orbit.
13. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2?
A. Tracking the rocket. B. Locating the crater.
C. Cleaning up the space junk. D. Finding out the rocket’s origin.
14. Why does the author mention the damage caused by tiny space debris in 2016?
A. To compare the effects of debris of different sizes.
B. To prove the space debris problem is getting worse.
C. To illustrate the potential dangers of space junk.
D. To explain the necessity of removing space junk.
15. What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph?
A. It’s likely to cause a global environmental crisis.
B. It can pose a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere.
C. It’s impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere.
D. The toxic materials contained in space junk are the biggest threat it poses.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了太空垃圾对于太空，地球，以及人类会造成的潜在的威胁以及伤害。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“According to NASA, the definition of space junk is “ any man-made object in orbit (轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function”.(根据美国宇航局的定义，太空垃圾是“任何在地球周围轨道(轨道)上不再具有有用功能的人造物体”)”可知，废弃的空间站属于不再具有有用功能的人造物体，因此是太空垃圾。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段第四句““We will find the crater, eventually,” Mark Robinson, lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, told USA TODAY. “Depending on its location, it could take as long as 28 days.”(“我们最终会找到陨石坑的，”美国宇航局月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机的首席研究员马克·罗宾逊告诉《今日美国》。“根据它的位置，可能需要长达28天。”)”可知，这里说的it指代上文提到的陨石坑的位置。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“What’s significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk.(这次太空垃圾撞击事件的意义在于，它引起了人们对太空垃圾潜在危险的关注)”可知，作者再次在后面列举2016年的微小的太空碎片造成的破坏的事件是为了阐述太空垃圾可能造成的潜在危险。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earth’s surface where it can affect the local environment.(除了对航天器和卫星的潜在损害外，太空垃圾也对地球本身构成威胁。撞击会将碎片送入大气层，并在那里停留数十年。一些强大的碰撞甚至可以将大型碎片冲向地球表面，从而影响当地环境)”可知，太空垃圾留在大气层中会造成持续的威胁。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Empathy, the ability to understand and co-experience the feelings and thoughts of other people, is probably one of the most important skills a person can have. ____16____
• Humans are social animals.
There are very few activities that humans take part in that don’t involve others. ____17____It allows you to perceive others’ motives, treat them the way they want to be treated, understand how others perceive you, and so on.
• It lets you better understand non-verbal components of communication.
____18____People who are not empathetic have a hard time reading between the lines of conversations. They cannot understand that what the other person means to communicate is different from what they actually say.
• ____19____
When you unconsciously perceive what the other party wants and needs and can understand exactly why they want it, reaching a “win-win” solution gets easier. You don’t have to blindly search for a way out.
• It broadens your horizons
Seeing the world from other people’s perspectives lets you perceive it to a fuller extent. When you are able to look at life from other people’s point of view, you are able to live a more fulfilled life.
____20____Thus, achieving higher levels of empathy often means achieving greater fulfilment as human beings.
A. It makes you better at handling conflicts.
B. It helps you introduce your ideas to others.
C. Empathy basically is what makes us human.
D. Humans always live and work with each other.
E. So why exactly is empathy so important for us?
F. Communication is so much more than what words express.
G. Therefore, the ability to better understand others and read their feelings is an advantage.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。同理心，即理解并共同体验他人的情感和想法的能力，可能是一个人能拥有的最重要的技能之一。文章主要说明了同理心对我们重要的四点原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Empathy, the ability to understand and co-experience the feelings and thoughts of other people, is probably one of the most important skills a person can have.(同理心，即理解并共同体验他人的情感和想法的能力，可能是一个人能拥有的最重要的技能之一)”可知，上文解释了同理心的概念，指出这是最重要的技能之一，结合后文说明了同理心为什么重要，故E选项“那么同理心到底为什么对我们如此重要呢？”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“There are very few activities that humans take part in that don’t involve others.(很少有人类参与的活动是不涉及他人的)”以及后文“It allows you to perceive others’ motives, treat them the way they want to be treated, understand how others perceive you, and so on.(它能让你感知他人的动机，以他们希望被对待的方式对待他们，理解别人如何看待你，等等)”可知，上文提到很少有人类参与的活动是不涉及他人，后文则在说明同理心的优势，可知本句与上文构成因果关系，指出能够更好地理解别人和读懂他们的感受是一种优势，故G选项“因此，能够更好地理解别人和读懂他们的感受是一种优势”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据标题“• It lets you better understand non-verbal components of communication.(·它能让你更好地理解交流中的非语言成分)”以及后文“People who are not empathetic have a hard time reading between the lines of conversations. They cannot understand that what the other person means to communicate is different from what they actually say.(没有同理心的人很难从对话的字里行间读懂意思。他们无法理解对方想表达的意思和他们实际说的不一样)”可知，后文提到没有同理心的人无法读懂人们真正想要表达的意思，可见本段主要是在说明沟通不仅仅是语言表达的东西，F选项中Communication对应标题中communication。故F选项“沟通不仅仅是语言表达的东西”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“When you unconsciously perceive what the other party wants and needs and can understand exactly why they want it, reaching a “win-win” solution gets easier. You don’t have to blindly search for a way out.(当你不自觉地感知到对方想要什么和需要什么，并能确切地理解他们为什么想要，达成一个“双赢”的解决方案会变得更容易。你不必盲目地寻找出路)”可知，本段的中心内容是同理心可以帮助达成“双赢”，即更好地处理冲突，故A选项“它会让你更好地处理冲突”符合小标题，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Thus, achieving higher levels of empathy often means achieving greater fulfilment as human beings.(因此，获得更高水平的同理心通常意味着作为人类获得更大的成就)”可知，后文提到了“获得更高水平的同理心通常意味着作为人类获得更大的成就”，可见本句是在强调同理心对于人类的重要作用，C选项中human对应后文中human beings。故C选项“同理心使我们成为人类”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Years ago, a neighbour kid kicked a football and broke a small ___21___ of our house. We were a family living on a small ___22___ at the time, so I boarded it up, thinking I’d get to it someday.
Over the years, I’d sometimes ask some advice from window companies. The plan was to upgrade to energy-efficient windows for the whole house, an ___23___ process—$ 15, 000. It was simply out of ___24___ and I turned it down again.
___25___ the thought of that window ate at me for years. Every time I went down there, it kept ___26___ me. I knew I needed to deal with it, but I had built up the ___27___ so much in my mind that I put it off again and again.
Then my wife had a job ___28___ , and we needed to move. A ___29___ buyer couldn’t get a loan on the house if there was a ___30___ window. So I pulled off the boards to face this thing. It had already been for at least 5 years.
I used some rust remover(除锈剂), sprayed all around the rusted frame, and gave it a ___31___ pull. To my ___32___ , it easily moved. I pulled the window out and took it downtown. It was a 12 fix.
I could have fixed the problem for 12 the ___33___ day when it happened. But I let it worry me for years.
___34___ , this isn’t just about my window. Many of us tend to live with broken windows of one type or another for years. We suffer more in ___35___ than in reality. Step forward, and you’ll find a solution.
21. A. roof B. window C. door D. curtain
22. A. salary B. fame C. passion D. chance
23. A. accessible B. official C. expensive D. energetic
24. A. order B. balance C. breath D. reach
25. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Instead
26. A. replying B. troubling C. driving D. reporting
27. A. difficulty B. confidence C. joy D. harm
28. A. change B. interest C. habit D. journey
29. A. polite B. weak C. weird D. potential
30. A. defeated B. fitted C. broken D. cured
31. A. lazy B. strong C. familiar D. strange
32. A. disappointment B. embarrassment C. astonishment D. encouragement
33. A. same B. different C. early D. new
34. A. Frequently B. Actually C. Consequently D. Unexpectedly
35. A. experiment B. discussion C. reaction D. imagination
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者家的窗户被打破后，他没有及时修理，被这个问题困扰了多年。多年后却发现原来只需要12美元就可以解决这个问题，借此告诉人们遭遇困难和麻烦时，与其被想象中的困难打倒，不妨试试实践起来，或许就能得到一个解决办法。
21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，一个邻居家的小孩踢球打坏了我家的一扇小窗户。A.roof房顶；B. window窗户；C. door门；D. curtain窗帘。根据后文中的“Over the years, I’d sometimes ask some advice from window companies.”可知，此处被打破的是“窗户”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们全家都依靠一份微薄的工资生活。A.salary薪资；B.fame名誉；C.passion热情；D.chance机会。根据该句以及后文“So I pulled off the boards.”可知作者家当时依靠一份微薄的“工资”生活，窗户被打破后，作者只好先用木板将其封住。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该计划是为整个房子升级为节能窗户，这是一个昂贵的过程，花费15000美元。A. accessible可接近的；B.official官方的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据“The plan was to upgrade to energy-efficient windows for the whole house...$15, 000.”可知，该公司提供的方案是将全屋的窗户升级为节能窗户，这对于作者来说是“昂贵的”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这简直是遥不可及，我又拒绝了。A. order顺序；B. balance平衡；C. breath呼吸；D. reach波及范围。根据前文“an 　　3　　process—$ 15, 000.”可知，作者由于经济原因用木板封住窗户，所以15, 000美元的花费对于作者来说“遥不可及”，out of reach表“遥不可及”，符合句意。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多年来，一想到那扇窗户，我就心烦意乱。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides而且；C.However然而；D.Instead反而。由后文“ate at me for years”可知，作者因为价格拒绝了窗户修理的方案，“然而”却被窗户的问题困扰多年。这两件事存在逻辑上的转折关系。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我去那里，它总是困扰着我。A.replying回应；B.troubling困扰；C.driving驱使；D.reporting报道。根据前文“the thought of that window ate at me for years”可知，窗户问题一直“困扰着”作者。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我需要解决它，但我已经在脑海中建立了这么多的困难，以至于我一次又一次地拖延。A.difficulty困难；B.confidence自信；C.confusion困惑；D.harm伤害。根据下文“I put it off again and again”可知，作者在脑海里觉得“困难”重重，因此一直没有修。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的妻子换了工作，我们需要搬家。A.change改变；B.interest兴趣；C.habit习惯；D.journey旅行。由后文“we needed to move”可知，作者妻子应是“换了”工作，所以才需要搬家。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个潜在买家说他不愿意为一个有坏窗户的房屋去申请贷款。A.polite礼貌的；B.weak虚弱的；C.weird奇怪的；D.potential潜在的。由后文“couldn’t get a loan on the house”可知，这买家还需要贷款才买，所以还没有买，是一个“潜在的”买家。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个潜在买家说他没法为一个有坏窗户的房屋去申请贷款。A.defeated失败的；B.fitted合适的；C.broken破碎的；D.cured治愈的。根据后文“I pulled off the boards to face this thing”可知，作者家的窗户仍然是“坏着的”。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我拿起一些除锈剂，涂在窗户己生锈的框架上，用力一拉。A.lazy懒惰的；B.strong强烈的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.strange奇怪的。由后文“To my 　12　　 , it easily moved.”可知，作者原本以为很难拉下，所以应是“猛地”一拉。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊奇的是，窗户的框架很容易就被扯掉了。A.disappointment失望；B.embarrassment尴尬；C.astonishment惊讶；D.encouragement鼓励。由前文“ a 　11　　　pull”和后文“it easily moved”可知，作者原本以为很难拉下，但却很容易就扯掉了，所以作者很“惊讶”，to one’s astonishment表“使某人惊讶的是”。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我本可能在事发的当天用12美元解决这个问题。A.same相同的； B.different 不同的；C.early早； D.new新。由“ could have fixed”可知，这里在对过去的假设，说原本“当天”就可以修好，the same day表“当天”。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，这不仅仅是窗户的问题。A.Frequently频繁地；B.Actually实际上地；C.Consequently因此；D.Unexpectedly出乎预料地。根据下句“Many of us tend to live with broken windows of one type or another.”可知，“实际上”，这不仅仅是一个窗户的问题。故选B项。
35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在想象中受到的苦要比现实中的多。A.experiment实验；B.discussion讨论；C.reaction反应；D.imagination想象。根据上文语境可知，作者一开始由于经济原因不修理破窗，后来更是总想着修窗的困难，因此一直没有修，五年后才发现12美元就可以解决问题，结合下文“than in reality”可知，这里是将“想象中”受到的苦和现实中的苦进行比较。故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷(满分55分)
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Those who haven’t been to the Mu Us may not have an opportunity to do so. The desert is disappearing from____36____ map as it has been turned into an oasis(绿洲)!
The Mu Us ____37____ (stretch) over 42,200 square km between Shaan Xi and inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, lying north of the Great Wall. In Mongolian, “Mu Us” means barren land ____38____ nothing can grow.
However, the area was no desert in ancient times. It used to be grazing land ____39____ (sufficient) supplying grass and water for sheep and cattle. Since the Tang Dynasty, it began to degrade because of excessive farming and overgrazing and ____40____ (year) of war.
In modern times, the Mu Us, the fourth ____41____ (large) desert in China, began to move southward and passed the Great Wall, ____42____ (attack) Yulin (Shaan Xi province). Local pastures(牧场) faced serious desertification, salinization and degradation, and the villagers had to move as the desert advanced. By the time People’s Republic of China ____43____ (found), Yulin had only 0.9 percent of forest cover. It became an urgent task ____44____ (block) the sands.
Thanks to greening, the desert is poised to disappear. The feat(丰绩) wouldn’t have been achieved ____45____ national anti-desertification policies and the efforts of generations of eco-warriors.
【答案】36. the
37. stretches
38. where 39. sufficiently
40 years 41. largest
42. attacking
43. was founded
44. to block
45. without
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了毛乌素地区由牧场变沙漠，新中国成立后又从沙漠变绿洲的过程。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：沙漠正在从地图上消失，因为它已经变成了绿洲。根据句意和空格后的名词map可知，空格处应该填入定冠词the，特指毛乌素沙漠所在的版图。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：毛乌素位于陕西和内蒙古自治区之间，位于长城以北，绵延42200多平方公里。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由上下文的时态是一般现在时可知，该句子也应该用一般现在时；因为该句子主语是The Mu Us，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填stretches。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在蒙古语中，“毛乌素”的意思是寸草不生的不毛之地。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个定语从句，而先行词land是表地点的名词，且在从句中作地点状语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系副词where。故填where。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：它曾经是一块牧场，为牛羊提供充足的草和水。根据句意和所给形容词sufficient以及空格后的supplying可知，空格处应该填入sufficient的副词形式sufficiently作状语，修饰后面的现在分词supplying。故填sufficiently。
【40题详解】
考查可数名词单复数。句意：从唐代开始，由于过度耕作和过度放牧以及多年的战争，它开始退化。根据句意和所给可数名词year可知，空格处应该填入year的复数形式years，构成短语years of（多年的）。故填years。
【41题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在近代，毛乌素沙漠，中国第四大沙漠，开始向南移，越过长城，进攻陕西省榆林。根据句意和所给形容词large以及空格前的the fourth可知，空格处应该填入large的最高级形式largest（the +序数词+最高级表示“第几个最……”）。故填largest。
【42题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在近代，毛乌素沙漠，中国第四大沙漠，开始向南移，越过长城，进攻陕西省榆林。根据句意分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是began，所以所给动词attack应该是作状语，而句子的主语the Mu Us和动词attack之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词作状语。故填attacking。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：中华人民共和国成立时，玉林的森林覆盖率仅为0.9%。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是从句的谓语部分，根据后面主句的时态是一般过去时，从句也应该用一般过去时；从句的主语People’s Republic of China和所给动词found之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故填was founded。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：堵住沙子成了一项紧迫的任务。根据句意和所给动词block分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，所以空格处应该填入不定式形式to block，因为to block the sands是句子真正的主语。故填to。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：如果没有国家的防沙治沙政策和一代又一代生态卫士的努力，就不可能取得这样的成就。 根据句意和句中的虚拟语气以及空格后的名词短语national anti-desertification policies and the efforts of generations of eco-warriors可知，空格处应该介词without构成介词短语，相当于一个虚拟条件句。故填without。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，是一所国际学校摄影社团的负责人，该社团打算征集以“中国航天”为主题的短视频，以唤起学生对航天事业的热爱。请你在学校网站写一则通知，内容包括：
1.征集短视频的目的;
2.对征集作品的要求;
3.欢迎参加。
注意：1.写作词数应为80字左右：
2.中国航天：China Aerospace
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Photography Group
【答案】Notice
To arouse students’ awareness of exploration of space and get a better understanding of China’s space development, our photography group will collect short videos with the theme of China Aerospace.
As is required, the video is supposed to last about 15minutes. Meanwhile it should vividly show the development of China’s space industry and the great achievement made in space programme.
Everyone is welcome to participate in the activity. For more information, please contact us via e-mail.
Photography Group
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生在学校网站写一则通知，征集以“中国航天”为主题的短视频，以唤起学生对航天事业的热爱。。
【详解】1.词汇积累
要求：require→demand
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
展示：show→demonstrate
联系：contact →connect
2.句式拓展
简单句变倒装句
原句： Meanwhile it should vividly show the development of China’s space industry and the great achievement made in space programme.
拓展句： Not only should it vividly show the development of China’s space industry but it also demonstrates the great achievement made in space programme.
【点睛】[高分句型1]As is required, the video is supposed to last about 15minutes. (运用了as引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]Meanwhile it should vividly show the development of China’s space industry and the great achievement made in space programme. (运用了非谓语动词作后置定语)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was eight o’clock on a cold spring night. Our apartment was full of the artwork of an energeic five-year-old. The house was in a mess.
I was so tired that night. I had depended on a walking stick to go anywhere for seven weeks, recovering from an operation, and I couldn’t find a way to cheer myself up.
The phone rang - for the sixth time in less than an hour. I knew who it was. My mother had been suffering from dementia (痴呆). Though we visited her every few days, she believed that her daughters had not visited in months. She thought that her friend Jimmy never wanted to see her again, but he called her and visited weekly.
She had no idea that she had repeated the things she was about to say a million times today and a million times the day before. She had no idea that I had an operation, nor could she remember her own grandaughter’s name. She forgot most of her own past and she drifted in the present. Also, she was lonely.
This time I cast my anger at the easiest target: my mother, the very victim of this chance horror. “Mom!” I shouted. “We visited two days ago! You have to believe me, and even if you don’t, I cannot talk anymore! Everything is fine!”
Silence. Then: “I was only calling to say hi. Why are you shouting?!” she continued. “Do you have a minute?”
“No, Mom, I don’t. I can’t stand this!”
I sat on the couch, defeated. I was suddenly aware of all that my daughter was watching me shouting at my mother and losing my patience. I have failed at being a good example to my daughter.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My daughter approached me, saying, “Can I talk to Grandma Ellie?”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After many kissing noises, they eventually hung up.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My daughter approached me, saying, “Can I talk to Grandma Ellie?” Wordlessly, I nodded, handing the phone over. My impatience to my mother was completely exposed to her. What a shame! Then my daughter reached for the phone. “Hi, Grandma!” I heard my mother exclaim through the receiver: “Sweetheart! How are you? Did you go to school today?” My daughter replied with a soft voice. The next moment witnessed their happy conversation. Shock washed over me when I heard my daughter singing to her grandmother.
After many kissing noises, they eventually hung up. Words failed me when I saw my daughter’s caring for her grandmother with extreme patience. I was ashamed of my losing temper. Touched by her warm behavior, I was soft inside, not tired or angry any more. Immediately I dialed the number of my mother. It was my daughter who taught me what the patience was.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者正在经历术后恢复期，因为随时都要拄着拐杖，加之患痴呆的母亲不断打电话让作者去看望她，这让她心情郁闷、烦躁。这天，母亲又打来电话，作者没能控制住自己的情绪，在电话里对着母亲大喊。事后作者才意识到她刚才的行为都被女儿看在眼里。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“我女儿走近我，说:‘我能和艾丽奶奶说话吗?’”可知，下文可描写作者女儿和奶奶在电话里快乐的互动，以及作者对此的反应。
②根据第二段首句“在一阵亲吻声之后，他们终于挂断了电话”可知，下文可描写作者反省和感悟，以及采取的行动。
2.续写线索：女儿要求和奶奶通话——热情打招呼——愉快的交流——作者的反应——挂断电话——作者反省自己——感动和感悟——采取行动
3.词类激活
行为类
①回答：reply/answer/respond
②见证：witness/see
③感动：move/touch
情绪类
①无言地，默默地：wordlessly/speechlessly
②快乐的：happy/pleasant
③羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
【点睛】[高分句型1]Shock washed over me when I heard my daughter singing to her grandmother.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]It was my daughter who taught me what the patience was.（运用了what引导的宾语从句和强调句）
听力答案： 1—5 CACAB 6—10 ACCBC 11—15 ABBAC 16—20 ABBAC